Aphasanakhan - Final report.pdf · Community Health

Aphasanakhan - Final report.pdf

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extracted text: 2014-2015
2015
Community Health Learning Programme
A Report on the Community Health Learning
Experience

Aphsana Khan
Kha

COMPANY

555-543-5432
5432
www.yourwebsitehere.com

SOPHEA

SOCIETY FOR COMMUNITY HEALTH AWARENESS RESEARCH
AND ACTION
(SOCHARA)
COMMUNITY HEALTH LEARNING PROGRAMME
(CHLP-2014-15)
Batch-11th

Final Report (January 2014 to january 2015)

Aphsana Khan
Rajasthan

Contents
Sl .No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

Particulars

Pages

Title page
Why I joined this fellowship
Acknowledgement
My Learning objectives
Learning from collective teaching
Learning from field visit case study and reflection
Learning from field work
Learning from conference and mentor workshop
Research study report
Reading list
Photo graphs
Conclusion

Acknowledgement :-

eSaus bySfDVªdy bathfu;fjax fMIyksek djus ds ckn eSaus nwljk n’kd ifj;kstuk] y{e.kx<+
esa ,d ekLVj Vsªuj ds :i esa dke fd;k vkSj eq>s ;s dke cgqr vPNk yxkA blh ds
nkSjku eq>s nwljk n’kd ifj;kstuk] y{e.kx<+ ds lg;ksx ls CHLP esa tkus dk ekSdk feykA
bl ,d o”kZ esa fd xbZ QSyksf’ki ds nkSjku esjs ekxZ n’kZd ds :i esa ejs izsj.kk L=kSrks dk
vkHkkj o;Dr djuk pkgrh gwa A tgk LokLF; tSls fo”k; ij ljyrk ls le>us dk
iz;kl fd;k x;k gS ]lkeqnkf;d LokLF; dk;Z dh i}fi dks ljy vkSj O;ofLFkr ]vkSj
leqnk; esa dk;Z djus ds ljy <ax la djus dh izsj.kk izkIr gqbZ A esa ‘kqfdz;k vnk djrh
gw Community Health Learning Program ( SOCHARA ,Bangalore ) esa tqMus dk ekSdk fn;k A esa
nwljk n’kd ifj;kstuk dk Hkh lkFk esa ‘kqfdz;k vnk djrh gwa fd bldh vkSj ls eq>s lh
,p ,y ih ls tqMus dk ekSdk feyk A
leh{kd &
lcls igys esa Jh jk?kosUnz lsonk ¼ifj;kstuk funs’kd] y{e.kx<+½] Jh tqusn deky vkSj
Jh deys’k voLFkh dk Hkh ’kqfdz;k vnk djuk pkgwaxhA bUgksaus eq>s CHLP izksxzke ds ckjs esa
tkudkjh nh ]ftugksus bl {kS= esa dk;Z djus dh iszj.kk iznku dh A
Community Health Learning Program ( SOCHARA ,Bangalore ) esa lcls
igys MkW- joh ukjk;.k]MkW Fksyek ukjk;.k ]MkW vkl eksgEEkn o lse tkslsQ dk vkHkkj ekurh

gwa ftUgksus bl izdkj dh QhYM yfuZax vkSj leqnkf;d LokLF; dh lajpuk dk fuekZ.k fd;k
A ftlls lekt dks LokLF; ds {ks= esa fn’kkfunsZ’k iznku dj egRoiw.kZ Hkqfedk vnk dj jgs
gS A

CHLP ,d izksxzke gSA tks SOCHARA ds }kjk pyk;k tk jgk gSA eSaus ;g izksxzke 16
tuojh] 2014 dks TokWbu fd;kA ;g izksxzke ,d lky ¼16 tuojh] 2014 ls 15 tuojh]
2015 rd½ dk gSA eSa ;gka 11osa cSp dh QSyks gwaA eSaus bySfDVªdy bathfu;fjax fMIyksek
djus ds ckn eSaus nwljk n’kd ifj;kstuk] y{e.kx<+ esa ,d ekLVj Vsªuj ds :i esa dke
fd;k vkSj eq>s ;s dke cgqr vPNk yxkA blh ds nkSjku eq>s nwljk n’kd ifj;kstuk]
y{e.kx<+ ds lg;ksx ls CHLP esa tkus dk ekSdk feykA blds fy, eSa nwljk n’kd dk
’kqfdz;k vnk djuk pkgwaxhA blds lkFk eSa Jh jk?kosUnz lsonk ¼ifj;kstuk funs’kd]
y{e.kx<+½] Jh tqusn deky vkSj Jh deys’k voLFkh dk Hkh ’kqfdz;k vnk djuk pkgwaxhA
bUgksaus eq>s CHLP izksxzke ds ckjs esa tkudkjh nh vkSj ogka rd igqapus esa budk lkFk Hkh
feykA lkspkjk esa vkl eksgEen lj dks /kU;okn nsuk pkgwaxh
Why I joined fellowship:I want to join the Community health learning program (CHLP) .Because I Belong to
minority community there people are less educated particularly women. They are not aware
about their on health. Their economic & health status is very poor. Growth rate of population is
very big problem here. Because of less educated thy follow many religious customs like
“Children are gift of god “. We should not stop their born so population uncontrollably
increases. Many of them do not know the contraceptive methods & how to keep a gap
between children etc. Their living condition is very poor .So may of infections diseases like T.B.
S.T.D.(Transmitted diseases) Hepatitis are common here. There hygienic conditions are very
poor. They drink infected water eat infected food. Thy execrate urine faces in open field. There
are no toilet in home in which living. So many of the water born disease due to drink of
contaminated water food born disease are very common here. Many of the baby die during
delivery & after delivery due to poor child health care .Female feticide is very common .So
male to female ratio is decreasing .Health facilities are very much less here. There is no hospital
around 10 km. area. So people are getting proper treatment of health problems. Because of

lack of

knowledge &lack of guidance thy take treatment from HAKEEM. Their problem is

continuously increase .There is no village guide, ASHA or Anganbadi worker here and if they do
not their work properly .So if I train in this community health programming . I will give proper
guidance to people about their health problems. I will aware the women about contractive
methods how to keep a proper gap between two babies. I will aware the people that early
marriage of the girls should be stooped so that many girls should mother in early age n suffer
from many gynecological problems can be less in number. I will aware the people about there
hygienic condition living n about infection`s diseases so I can play a good role to save my
community my area , my society from many health related problems . I can play a contributory
role to serve humanity n also my country.
MY LEARNING OBJECTIVE :1- LokLF; ds ckjs esa tkuukA
2- Lkeqnk; o lkeqnkf;d LokLF; dks tkuuk vkSj leqnk; ds fl}kUrks dks

tkuuk A
3- xSj ljdkjh laLFkk vkSj ljdkj ds chp dh Hkwfedk dks le>ukA
4- esokr {ks= vkSj vyoj {ks= esa efgyk vkSj cPpksa ds LokLF; ds ckjs esa
tkuuk vkSj le>uk vkSj buds LokLF; esa lq/kkj ds iz;kl djukA
5- viuh skill dks c<kus ds iz;kl djuk A
bu mn~ns’;ksa dks iwjk djus ds fy, CHLP izksxzke dks TokWbu fd;kA vHkh esjh LokLF; vkSj
lkeqnkf;d LokLF; ds ckjs esa le> cu jgh gSA
LEARNING FROM COLLECTIVE :--

% f’k{k.k dk;Z ds vUrxZr fuEu fcUnqvksa ij dk;Z fd;k x;k tks bl izdkj gSa &










Health, Community, Community Health.
Community building and development.
Public Health.
Understanding the shift from bio-medical to social community model of health.
Primary health care – basic principle community participation.
Social exclution and marginalization.
System and soft system methodology.
Social stratification and marginalization.
Social determinants of health.












Sanitation.
Epidemiological.
Gender and health.
Globlization.
NRHM / VHND.
Health Research.
Environment and health.
Qualitative research for community health.
Quantitative research for community health.
Mental health medical pluralism

f'k{k.k dk;Z djkus ds rjhds %
 Group discussion.
 Videos.
 Poster.
 Games.
 Books reading.
 Story.
 Article presentation.
 Anubhav series presentation.
 Books review.
Other Programme :
 Field visit.
 Other NGO visit.

bu lHkh xfrfof/k;ksa ds }kjk f’k{k.k dk;Z djok;k x;kA
esjh le> & eq>s bl lh-,p-,y-ih- izksxzke esa leqnk; LokLF; ds izfr viuh lksp c<+kus
dk ekSdk feyk vkSj LokLF; gekjs thou ls fdl izdkj tqM+k gqvk gS vkSj fdl izdkj
izHkkfor gks jgk gSA bl izksxzke ds vUrxZr eq>s leqnk;] lkeqnkf;d LokLF; vkSj ns’k ds
LokLF; ds ckjs esa tkuuk vkSj lkspus dk ekSdk fey jgk gSA fuEu fcUnqvksa ij esjh le>
bl izdkj cuh &
LokLF; % lkekftd] ekufld] vkfFkZd vkSj vk/;kfRed :i ls LoLFk gh LokLF; gSA
LokLF; gekjs Hkkstu] f’k{kk] ifjokj] lekt] okrkoj.k] vkSj ikuh o LoPNrk ls tqM+k gqvk
gSA

LokLF; dksbZ bykt ugha gSA LokLF; chekjh vkSj MkWDVj o gkWLihVy ls igys gh gSA
LokLF; dksbZ e’khu ;k dksbZ fcekjh ugh gS
lekt % lekt ij le> cukus ds fy, xzqi odZ esa dkMZ’khV ij dk;Z fd;k x;kA lekt
fdlh /keZ ;k tkfr fo’ks"k ds yksxksa dk lewg gksrk gSA lekt esa fdlh tkfr ;k /keZ ds
yksxksa ds }kjk cuk;s x;s fu;e jgrs gSaA lekt esa ,d gh tkfr ;k /keZ ds yksx jgrs gSaA
fdlh ,d lekt esa yksxksa dk jgu&lgu] [kku&iku o Hkk"kk vkSj ’kknh&fookg ds rjhds
leku gksrs gSaA vxj dksbZ O;fDr muds lekt ds fu;eksa dks rksM+rk gS rks mls mldk
lekt nf.Mr Hkh djrk gSA lekt LokLF; ds lkFk tqM+k gqvk gSA
leqnk; % leqnk; og gS tgka ij yksx ,d lkFk jgrs gSa] dke djrs gSa vkSj ,d nwljs dk
lg;ksx djrs gq, viuh t:jrksa dks iwjk djrs gSaA muds chp vkil eas Lusg] esy&feyki
vkSj ,d&nwljs dh enn ds fy, leku :i ls rS;kj jgrs gSaA blfy, leqnk; esa jgdj
ge leqnk; dh LokLF; ls tqM+h t:jrsa igpku ldrs gSaA
lkeqnkf;d LokLF; % leqnk; dk LokLF; xkao ;k leqnk; esa mifLFkr tulqfo/kkvksa rd
yksxksa dh igqap ij fuHkZj djrk gSA leqnk; dk lokZaxh.k fodkl fuEu fcUnqvksa ij fuHkZj
djrk gS &
1- lkQ&lQkbZ
2- LoPNrk
3- LoPN ty
4- LokLF; lqfo/kk,a
5- LoLFk okrkoj.k
leqnk; dk fuekZ.k vkSj fodkl % leqnk; esa lHkh lekt ds yksxksa dks lHkh lkoZtfud
lqfo/kk,a dh igqap gksuh pkfg,A vkt ds le; esa gekjs ns’k ds leqnk; esa f’kf{kr vkSj mPp
tkfr ds ifjokj vkSj /kuh yksxksa ds ikl gh T;knkrj lkoZtfud lqfo/kk,a miyC/k gksrh gSaA
leqnk; esa fuEu tkfr;ka vkSj nfyr yksxksa dks lkoZtfud lqfo/kkvksa ls oafpr j[kk tkrk gS
vkSj bUgsa leqnk; ls nwj xanh txg ij j[kk tkrk gSA bu yksxksa ds ikl fctyh vkSj
lM+d lqfo/kk,a rd Hkh miyC/k ugha gksrhA blfy, ge leqnk; esa jgdj leqnk; dh
LokLF; ls tqM+h t#jrsa igpkudj muds fy, nh tk jgh LokLF; lsokvksa dh ekax djokuk
vkSj yksxksa dks vius vf/kdkjksa dh igpku dj LokLF; lsokvksa esa mudh Hkkxhnkjh csgrj
djokuh gSA rHkh leqnk; dk fodkl laHko vkSj csgrj gksxkA

Paradigm Shift :
Medical Model
Individual
Patient
Disease
Providing
Drugs Technology
Professional

-

Social model
Community
People
Health
Enabling
Knowledge social processor
Demystification

QSyksf’ki ls igys esjh ;g le> Fkh fd LokLF; ls flQZ MkWDVj] gkWfLiVy vkSj nok o
esfMdy QhYM ls tqM+s yksx gh dke dj ldrs gSaA ysfdu Paradigm Shift dks le>us ds
ckn esjh le> ;g cuh fd lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ vkSj Hkh ;qok lkFkh LokLF; ij dk;Z dj
ldrs gSaA lkeqnkf;d dk;ZdrkZ dk lkeqnkf;d LokLF; ds fodkl ds fy, ,d egRoiw.kZ
jksy gSA ftl izdkj ,d MkWDVj O;fDrxr :i ls ,d ejht dks chekjh ds fy, tkap]
lykg o nokb;ka iznku djrk gSA blh izdkj lkekftd dk;ZdrkZ Hkh vius leqnk; ds
yksxksa dks tkx#d dj ldrk gSA
Ckk;ksesfMdy ekWMy esa MkWDVj] ulZ] nok] gkWfLiVy vkSj forj.k ’kkfey gSA tks viuh lksp
dsoy O;oLFkk rd gh lhfer j[krs gSaA tcfd lks’ky ekWMy esa vk’kk] ,-,u-,e-] oh-,p-,uMh-] vkaxuokM+h dk;ZdrkZ] ,u-th-vks-] lh-ch-vks- tks Åij mBdj lksprs gSaA
LokLF; ds lkekftd fu/kkZj.k % f’k{kk] LokLF;] i;kZoj.k] ikuh] jkstxkj] laLd`fr] [kkn
lqj{kk] vkfFkZd vkSj lkekftd fLFkfr] ts.Mj vkSj LokLF; lsokvksa rd igqapA
Epidomiology : It is a tool of study about health condition of the
population.
fdlh Hkh chekjh ds QSyus ds ihNs gesa mlds ’kq#vkrh dkj.kksa dks le>uk gksxk rHkh ge
mUgsa jksd ldrs gSaA leL;k irk gksus ij gh ge mudh izkFkfedrk,a r; dj ik;saxsA
chekjh] e`R;qnj ,oa viaxrk dks fdl izdkj fu;af=r fd;k tkrk gS vkSj budh fLFkfr D;k
gksrh gSA
AXIOM :
dE;wfuVh ds LokLF; ds fy, ekax djuk mldk vf/kdkj gSA ;g ,d izfdz;k gS tks
yxkrkj pysxhA LokLF; ds fy, dk;Z;kstuk cukdj mls ykxw djukA
blesa dgk x;k gS fd leqnk; LokLF; ,d vf/kdkj gSA [kqn leqnk; dk LokLF; lsokvksa
ij fu;a=.k gks vkSj lfdz; Hkkxhnkjh fuHkk,a] D;ksfd leqnk; dk fodkl LokLF; ls tqM+k

gqvk gS vkSj fcuk HksnHkko ds mUgsa feyuk pkfg, D;ksafd LokLF; lHkh ds fy, gSA t#jr ds
vuqlkj LokLF; lsok,a feyuh pkfg,A
Gender :
leqnk; esa ts.Mj HksnHkko ds ckjs esa le> cuh ftlesa efgyk vkSj iq#"k dks cjkcj ekuk
tk,A
Primary Health Care ¼izkFkfed LokLF; ns[kHkky½ %
lHkh ds fy, LokLF; dh ifjdYiuk ds fy, izR;sd O;fDr ds lkekftd] vkfFkZd] mRikfnr
thou miyC/k djkuk gSA Primary Health Care ds fuEu ?kVd gSa &
& Authorised Practicener
 AAYUSH
& Hygine at Home
 Water
 Sanitation
& Home Remedies
 Grandmother
& Local Healers
 OJha
 Dai
& PHC
Primary Health Care dks rhu Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS &
1- Primary Health Care
2- Secondary Health Care
3- Tertiary Health Care

izkFkfed Lrj ij feyus okyh O;fDrxr LokLF; lsok,a tks LFkkuh;
Lrj ij leL;k dks nwj djrh gSaA

1. Primary Health Care :

2. Secondary Health Care : lSd.Mjh gSYFk ds;j xEHkhj leL;k ls tqM+h chekfj;ksa ds

bykt ds fy, gksrh gS] tks ftyk vLirky ij miyC/k gksrh gSA tgka ij izFke Lrj
ij ejhtksa dks jSQj fd;k tkrk gSA
3. Tertiary Health Care : bl voLFkk esa cgqr gh Lis’ky ds;j dh lqfo/kk gksrh
gSA LokLF; lqfo/kk tks {ks=h; o dsUnzh; Lrj ds laLFkkuksa ij miyC/k gksrh gSA ftuesa
izf’k{k.k dk;Zdze gksrs gSaA

vkYek vVk ds ?kks"k.kk i= esa izkbejh gSYFk ds;j ij fo’ks"k cy fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj
mlesa O;fDrxr] ikfjokfjd vkSj leqnk; dks dsUnz esa j[kkA
izkbejh gSYFk ds;j esa lHkh ds fy, LokLF; dh ifjdYiuk dh xbZ gSA O;fDrxr igqap
esa gks] Lohdk;Z gks] Hkkxhnkjh gks vkSj lHkh dh igqap esa gksA LFkkuh; Lrj ij miyC/krk
gksA
vkt ljdkjh vLirky o xSj ljdkjh laxBu }kjk nh tk jgh LokLF; lsokvksa dks yksx
35 izfr’kr gh mi;ksx esa ysrs gSaA tcfd futh vLirkyksa ls yksx 65 izfr’kr lsok,a
ysrs gSaA
izkbejh gSYFk ds;j ds izeq[k rRo fuEu izdkj gSa &
1- f'k{kk
2- [kkn lqj{kk iks"k.k vkiwfrZ
3- LoPN ihus ds ikuh dh miyC/krk
4- ekr`Ro ,oa f’k’kq LokLF; lqj{kk
5- LFkkuh; Lrj ij chekfj;ksa dk bykt djuk
6- Immunization
7- Appropriate Treatment
8- Provision of essential Drugs

blh ds lkFk izkbejh gSYFk dks fuEu fl)kUrksa ls ykxw fd;k tkuk pkfg, &
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.

Equitable Distribution
Community Participation
Intersectorar Coordination
Appropriate Technology
Decentralisation

esa leqnk; dh Hkkxhnkjh gksuk t#jh gSA ftlesa Lkkekftd] jktuSfrd
vkSj lkaLd`frd igqp gksA ;fn QwM lIykbZ vkSj izksij U;wVªs’ku] lsQ fMªfdax okVj]
lSfuVs’ku] enj ,.M pkbYM ds;j] LFkkuh; chekfj;ksa dh jksdFkke] miyC/k lalk/ku]
vko’;d nok,a] LokLF; f’k{kk dks csgrj dj nsx
a s rks LokLF; lsok,a Hkh csgrj gksaxhA
izkbejh gSYFk ds laUnHkZ esa laUnHkZ O;fDr ds }kjk ,d MkWD;wesUVªh fQYe fn[kkbZ xbZA fQYe
dk uke ^Death of Request^ FkkA
Primary Health Care

bl fQYe esa ,d ydokxzLr O;fDr ds d"Ve; thou ds ckjs esa crk;k x;k gS fd O;fDr
ds v{ke gksus ij og Lo;a vkSj ifjokj fdruk nq%[kh jgrk gSA mldk nnZ bruk c<+ tkrk

gSA tks og lgu ugh dj ikrkA ftl dkj.k Lo;a ,oa ifjokj okys ljdkj ls bPNke`R;q
dh ekax djrs gSaA ’kkjhfjd] ekufld ifjy{k.kksa ds ckn ml O;fDr dks bPNke`R;q nh tkrh
gSA blds ckn lHkh laHkkfx;ksa ls iwNk x;k D;k bPNke`R;q nsuk Bhd gSA tokc esa fdlh us
euk fd;k fd ;g izd`fr ds f[kykQ gSA mldks Hkh thus dk gd gSA eSa ;g le>rh gwa fd
dksbZ O;fDr gj jkst ej&ej dj rdyhQ >syrk gS vkSj mldk ifjokj mlls Hkh T;knk
rdyhQ >syrk gS vkSj nwljksa ij fujkfJr gS rks mls bPNke`R;q nh tkuh pkfg, c’krZs ;fn
og ekax djrk gSA
izkbejh gSYFk ds;j ds lq/kkj gsrq fuEu ckrksa dks /;kku esa j[kuk gS &
a.
b.
c.
d.

Universal Coverage Reforms
Service Delivery Reforms
Public Policy Reforms
Leadership Reforms

Health System :
History of Health System – Hkkjr esa LFkkuh; Lrj ij LokLF; lsokvksa dh O;oLFkk dkQh

iqjkus le; ls pyh vk jgh gSA ftlesa ijEijkxr bykt djukA nkbZ] lkai dkVus dk
bykt] gMMh tksM+us okys] >kM+&Qwd
a djus okys] vks>k vkfn yksx vius LFkkuh; {ks=ksa esa
djrs jgs gSaA blds vykok ;gka vk;qosZn] ;ksxk] ;wukuh] fl)k] gksE;ksiSfFkd] ,D;wiapj]
,yksiSfFkd vkfn rjhdksa ls Hkh bykt fd;k tkrk jgk gSA gekjs Hkkjr esa feDl gSYFk
flLVe gSA tks fd vU; ns’kksa esa ugha gSA fczfV’k dky esa vaxzstksa ds vkxeu ds ckn if’peh
ncko dk iz;ksx fd;k tkus yxkA ftlesa ,yksiSfFkd nok,a gksrh gSaA vaxztksa us gkWLihVy
miyC/k djkuk ’kq# dj fn;kA uflZax dkWystksa dh ’kq#vkr dh vkSj LokLF; lsokvksa ds fy,
,d xkao esa ,d gSYFk odZj dk fopkj lcls igys lu~ 1939 esa lks[ks desVh us j[kkA blds
ckn lu~ 1946 esa Hkksjs desVh us LokLF; ds fy, ifj;kstuk cukbZ] ftlesa foyst gSYFk
desVh dk lg;ksx gksuk] Lis’ky chekjh gsrq MkWDVj dh O;oLFkk vkSj lu~ 1971 esa lHkh ds
fy, LokLF; miyC/k djkus dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZA
vkYek vVk % igyh ckj vkYek vzVk ?kks"k.kk i= lu~ 1978 esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj ij izkbejh
gSYFk ds;j lu~ 2000 rd lHkh ns’kksa }kjk ?kks"k.kk i= ij gLrk{kj fd;s x;sA ftlls lHkh
ns’kksa dks izkFkfed LokLF; lsokvksa dh O;oLFkk djuh gS vkSj mls dkuwu dk :i nsuk gSA
bl ?kks"k.kk i= ds fuEu fu.kZ; jgs &
I.
II.

Health for all
Primary Health Care

III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.

Equity
Health a Fundamental Human right
Appropriate Technology
Intersector DevelopmentS
Community Participation

blh nkSjku lu~ 1983 esa jk"Vªh; LokLF; ikWfylh cuhA ftlesa cM+s Lrj ij rduhdh
foLrkj] leqnk; dh ekax ds vuqlkj gSYFk ds fy, ,D’ku Iyku cukdj iz;ksx djuk vkSj
Central

State health
system

Dirstic

leqnk; dh lg

National
health system

STATE

Hkkfxrk ysukA

Health System in India : Hkkjr esa gSYFk flLVe dks eq[; :i ls rhu Lrjksa esa ckaVk
x;k gS &
1- dsUnz
2- jkT;
3- ftyk
dsUnz] jkT; vkSj ftyk ftlds lg;ksx
esa ’kS{kf.kd [kkst] NGO, Private
corporation,
Non
Health
Traditional gksxhA

District
Structure
for
Health Syt
s em :

ljdkj vkSj leqnk; ds chp cus gq, xSi dks tc rd [kRe ugha fd;k tk,xk] rc rd
LokLF; lqfo/kk,a csgrj ugha gks ldrhA ljdkj vkSj leqnk; nksuksa dh Hkkxhnkjh ls gh bls
Bhd fd;k tk ldrk gSA

esfMdy IyqfjTe ¼ckgqY;okn½ % leqnk; esa ,d gh txg ij bykt ds miyC/k rjhds
ftlesa ,ykSiSfFkd] vk;qosZfnd] ;ksxk] ;wukuh] ijEijkxr bykt djus okys esfMdy IyqfjTe
dh Js.kh esa vkrs gSaA ftls fuEu izdkj le>k tk ldrk gS &

T.C.A.M.

T = Traditional
Boneseter, Snake bite

Ayush,sidha

C = Complymentry & ,ykSiSfFkd vkSj vk;qosZfnd nksuksa dks iz;ksx dj bykt djukA

A = Alternative & LFkkuh; ds vykok vU; ns’kksa esa bykt ds rjhds tSls &
,D;wiapj] ,D;wizs’kjA
M = Dimentation Medition & blesa nokvksa ls bykt fd;k tkrk gSA
leqnk; esa fofHkUu fopkjksa okys o;fDr fuokl djrs gSa vkSj bykt gsrq viuh bPNk o vius
rjhds viukrs gSaA mnkgj.k & fljnnZ gksus ij izR;sd O;fDr vius rjhds ls mldk bykt
djrk gSA tSls & nok ysdj] uhan ysdj] /;ku yxkdj vkfnA blh izdkj leqnk; ds yksx
lkekU; chekjh gksus ij Hkh vius LFkkuh; {ks= esa feyus okyh LokLF; lqfo/kk vuqlkj bykt
djkrs gSaA tks Åij crk;s pkjksa esa ls dksbZ Hkh mudh lqfo/kkuqlkj gks ldrk gSA
esfMdy IyqfjTe dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS &
1. Folk Healer
2. Traditional
ijEijkxr bykt djus okys ds le{k Hkh dkQh pqukSfr;ka gSaA muds ikl izekf.kdrk ugh
gSA mUgsa ;g Hkh tkudkj ugh gksrh fd ejht dks dgk jSQj djsaA LFkkuh; tM+h&cwfV;ksa ls
bykt djus dh otg ls ou foHkkx }kjk ouksa esa tkus ij jksd yxkukA O;klkf;dj.k dk
c<+uk vkfn leL;k,a gSaA ;g Hkh lR; gS fd Hkkjr esa vf/kdrj xzkeh.k bykdksa esa leqnk;
buls viuk bykt djkrk gSA bUgha dks /;ku esa j[kdj izkbejh gSYFk ds;j esa budks Hkh
tksM+k tk,] izek.k&i= fn;s tk,a vkSj bUgsa Hkh izf’k{k.k fn;s tk,a] rks LokLF; lsokvksa esa ;g
Hkh lg;ksx nsx
a sA
Research %
fjlpZ dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS &
1. Qualitative Research
2. Quantative Research
Qualitative Research : bl fjlpZ esa losZ ds ek/;e ls fLFkfr;ksa ds ihNs ds dkj.kksa dks
le>k tkrk gSA ftlesa ml dkj.k ds ihNs ekuoh; lksp D;k jgh] ekuoh; okLrfodrk
D;k jgh vkSj ekuoh; Hkkouk D;k jgh o blds ihNs D;k O;ogkj jgs bu lcdk xgjkbZ ls
v/;;u fd;k tkrk gSA
Quantative Research % bl fjlpZ esa la[;kRed vkadM+ks ij T;knk /;ku fn;k tkrk
gSA vf/kdrj vkadM+ks ds ek/;e ls fu"d"kZ fudkys tk ldrs gSaA
Disease :

1. Communicable Disease ( T.B., H.I.V.,VIRAL,DIARIYA )
2. Non - Communicable Disease (HYPERTENTION, SUGAR, HEART DISEASE )

: Vh-ch- dk eq[; dkj.k xjhch gSA vkSj
Hkh blds dbZ dkj.k gksrs gSa tks fp=kuqlkj
,d&nwljs ls tqM+s gq, gSaA
T.B.

LEADER : ,d vPNk yhMj dE;wfuVh esa ;wfuVh cuk;s j[krk gSA tks lHkh dh lqus lHkh dks
xkbM djs vkSj lHkh dh enn fcuk HksnHkko ds djsA
leqnk; dh leL;k dk pkVZ cukuk & leqnk; esa dk;Z djus ds fy, lcls igys ml xkao
dh leL;kvksa dh ppkZ djsaA mlds ckn izR;sd leL;k dh izkFkfedrk r; djsA tSls fdlh
xkao esa yksxksa ds }kjk 10 leL;k,a fpfg~ur dh xbZ gSaA muesa ls r; djsa fd lcls izeq[k
vkSj lcls cM+h leL;k dkSulh gS \ ftls ysdj gesa dke djuk pkfg,A ;fn og leL;k
lHkh ls tqM+h gqbZ gS rks leqnk; ds yksx vkidk lg;ksx djsaxs vkSj muds lg;ksx ls ge
ml leL;k dks nwj dj ldrs gSaA tSls leqnk; esa fuEu leL;k,a gksrh gSa &
 Land
 Water
 Alchohal
 Vetnary support
 Sanitation
 Anganwadi
 School Etc.
tc ge xkao esa dke djrs gSa rks gesa ogka tkudkjh dj ysuh pkfg, tSls &

flLVe D;k gS] flLVe dSls dke djrk gS] flLVe dSls cukrs gSaA ;s lHkh ,d nwljs ls
tqM+s jgrs gSaA tc ge fdlh xkao esa dke djrs gSa rks gekjk flLVe og xkao gksrk gS vkSj
og flLVe ckmaMªh gksrh gSA
leL;k dks dSls le>saxs vkSj mls dSls ,Mªsl djsaxs \
C = Client
A = Actor
T = Transformation
W = World View
O = Owner
E = Environmently Consult

Hkyk fdldk gks jgk gS] dkSu QSflfyVsV djsxk] dkSulh pht esa ge cnyko ykuk pkgrs gSAa ge ;g
Transformation D;ksa djokuk pkgrs gSa] ftlls Hkfo"; esa gekjh fLFkfr vyx cusxh] bu lcds fy, iSlk
dkSu ns jgk gS mldk dUVªksy fdlds ikl gS \ tks ge dj jgs gSa] fdl&fdl leL;k ls tw>uk

iM+sxkA

Mental health :

LoLFk O;fDr og gS tks ’kkjhfjd] ekufld] lkekftd ,oa vk/;kfRed :i ls LoLFk gSA
buesa ls fdlh ,d dh vLoLFkrk nwljs dks izHkkfor djrh gSA buesa ls ekufld LokLF;
cgqr egRoiw.kZ gSA
ekufld LokLF; dks mez] ts.Mj] vkuqokaf’kdrk izHkkfor djrh gSA fo’o esa djhc 450
djksM+ vkcknh ekufld :i ls LoLFk ugha gSA ekufld vLoLFkrk O;fDrxr gksrh gSA tks
ifjokj] lekt o leqnk; dks izHkkfor djrh gSA

Structural Model of Mental health : ekufld LokLF; dks ,d <kapkxr :i ls le>k tk

ldrk gSA lkekftd <kapk] lkekftd lg;ksx] O;fDrxr dkjd vkSj lkaLd`frd ewY;
ekufld LokLF; dks izHkkfor djrs gSaA
lkekftd <kapk % vf’k{kk vkSj xjhch
O;fDrxr dkjd % ruko o lEeku u feyuk
Lkkekftd lg;ksx % lekt }kjk misf{kr djuk
lkaLd`frd ewY; % leqnk; fo’ks"k dh ijEijk,a tSls & yM+dh dks Ldwy ugha HkstukA

ekufld vLoLFkrk esa O;fDrxr Hkkouk] fopkj] O;ogkj vkfn esa udkjkRedrk c<+ tkrh gSA
blls Lo;a vkSj ifjokj o lekt izHkkfor gksrk gSA
ekufld vLoLFkrk dSls o D;ksa ckj&ckj vkrh gS \ ftls fuEu izdkj le>k tk ldrk gS
&
1. Biological Factor : ftlesa gkeksZu dk xM+cM+kuk] vkuqokaf’kdrk] fnekxh pksV] xaHkhj
chekjh gksuk tSls dSUlj] Vh-Ckh-A
2. Psycological Factors : ghu Hkkouk ls xzLr gksuk] [kqn ds ckjs esa xyr lkspukA
3. Special Factors : ikfjokfjd >xM+s] xjhch] csjkstxkjh] cPpksa dks u gksukA
4. Events in Childhood : x`gDys’k] ifjokj esa vpkud fdlh dh ekSr] Hkkoqdrk vkfnA
;s lHkh dkj.k ekufld vLoLFkrk ds dkj.k gSaA dbZ ckj ekufld chekjh ds dkj.k
Hkkoukvksa dks cnyuk] ;knnkLrh esa deh gksuk] lksp cny tkuk] KkusfUnz;ksa ij Hkh QdZ
iM+rk gSA ftlesa ns[kuk] lquuk] jaxksa dh igpku ugha dj ikuk ttesUV ugh dj ikuk]
cM+cM+kuk vkfn y{k.k fn[kkbZ nsrs gSaA
ekufld vLoLFkrk dks pkj Hkkxksa esa ckaVk x;k gS &
1.
2.
3.
4.

Severe Mental Disorders
Comman Mental Disorders
Epilepsy (Fits)
Mental Retardation

5. Alchohal, Abuse, Tobbaco & Drugs Dependents

ekufld vLoLFkrk dks ge ldkjkRed lksp] lkekU; O;ogkj ls de dj ldrs gSaA
ekufld jksx ,d ikuh esa iM+k cQZ ds xksys ds leku gksrk gSA tks fn[kkbZ de nsrk gS vkSj
vUnj cgqr cM+k gksrk gSA ekufld vLoLFkrk dk izkFkfed Lrj ij irk ugha yx ikrk gSA
lSds.Mjh Lrj ij dqN O;ogkjxr y{k.k fn[kus yxrs gSaA ;fn bl nkSjku bykt ugha
djokus ij leL;k c<+ tkrh gSA ;gka rd mls jksdus esa vlQyrk fey ldrh gSA tcfd
VlZjh voLFkk esa O;fDr iwjh rjg esUVyy chekj gks tkrk gSA ftls de dj ikuk cgqr gh
eqf’dy gks tkrk gSA blfy, leqnk; ds fy, esUVy gSYFk t:jh gSA ;fn leqnk; dks
csgrj cukuk gS rks leqnk; esa tkx#drk ykuh gksxhA ftlesa muds lkFk xfrfof/k;ksa ds
ek/;e ls le>kuk gSA izkFkfed Lrj ij esUVy byuSl dks le>dj jksduk] ekufld
LokLF; gsrq cM+s Lrj ij uhfr;ksa dks cukuk] lkekftd lsokvksa ds lkFk ekufld eqn~nksa ls
fodkl djukA yksxksa dks vk; ds lalk/ku c<+kuk] jkstxkj miyC/k djkuk vkfnA
ekufld vLoLFkrk dh le> gsrq ,d MkWD;wesUVªh fQYe ^leFkk^ fn[kkbZA ftlesa ,d yM+dh
ikfjokfjd dkj.kksa ftuesa mudk firk ’kjkc ihrk gSA eka ds }kjk yM+ds&yM+dh ds [kkus dks
ysdj Hksn&Hkko fn[kk;k x;k ftlesa ml yM+dh dk O;ogkj fpM+fpM+k gks tkrk gSA og
tgka ij tkWc djrh gS] ogka Hkh nqdku ij vkus okys xzkgdksa ds lkFk Bhd O;ogkj ugha j[k
ikrhA ftlls og ijs’kku jgrh gSA ,d fnu mldh lgsyh mlls feyrh gS rks og viuh
lkjh fLFkfr;ksa dks lgsyh dks crkrh gSA ftlls og ekufld :i ls ijs’kku gksrh FkhA
Hkkjr ljdkj us ekufld LokLF; esa lq/kkj ds fy, jk"Vªh; ekufld LokLF; dk;Zdze pyk
j[kk gSA
etcwfr;ka &
1- ;ksX; lanHkZ O;fDr;ksa ds }kjk izf’k{k.kA
2- foLr`r le> ds lkFk f’k{k.k dk;ZA
3- le; ij izf’k{k.k dh ’kq#vkrA
4- f’k{k.k fcUnqvksa ls tqM+h fQYeksa dk p;u o fn[kkukA
5- Bgjus dh csgrj O;oLFkk jghA
6- lHkh lkfFk;ksa vkSj LVkQ dk csgrj lg;ksxA
pqukSfr;ka %
1- fgUnh Hkk"kk esa f’k{k.k dk;Z dk vHkkoA
2- vaxszth esa f’k{k.k dk;Z djokukA

3- Hkk"kkA
4- [kkus dh O;oLFkk esa ’kq#vkr esa ijs’kkuhA
Ikks”k.k &
Ikks”k.k D;k gS]leqnk; esa iks”k.k ds Lrj dks dSls igpkusaxs vkSj iks”k.k vkSj iks”k.k dks
lkekftd]jktuSfrd ]vkfFkd ]lkaldzfrd vkSj Hkksxksfyd dkjd dSls izHkkfor djrs gS A
cPpks esa dqiks”k.k fdl izdkj mudh {kerkvksa dks izHkkfor djrk gS A blds D;k dkj.k gS
\ leqnk; esa mudh igpku dj lek/kku gsrw iz;kl djsaxs A
Food security :-

;g D;k gksrh gS ] ikWfylh D;k gS ]mfpr ikWfylh mls dgrs gS ftlesa &miyC/krk ]igwap ]
Afforatibility,Acceptibility gks A
Hkkjr esa food security D;k gS vkSj vkfFkZd ]okrkoj.k cnyko]fder ]miyC/krk ]dkuwu
vkfn dkjd izHkkfor djrs gS A dSls izHkkfor djrs gS \ ¼jkf”Vª; food security act2013 ½
jksyIys ds ek/;e ls ge lekt dh leL;kvks dks mBk ldrs gS mUgs lkspus ds fy;s etcwj
dj ldrs gS] leL;k dks dSls Iys djds lewnk; esa igwapkus gsrw Fkhe dSls p;u djrs gS
tSls &,susfed ]NsM &NkM]LokLF; leok;sa A
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH SERVICES

izR;sd ns’k esa ekrk;s vkSj cPpksa dqy tula[k;k dk cMk Hkkx gksrk gSA
gekjs ns’k esa izttu vk;q oxZ 15-44 o”kZ dh efgyk;s dqy tula[k;k dk 22% gS A
15 o”kZ ls de vk;w ds cPps 36.2 % gSA
Bl folky tula[k;k ds dkj.k ekrk;sa vlSj cPps fo’ks”k ns[kHkky ds gdnkj gS A bl
tula[k;k dk bruk vf/kd Hkkx gksus ds dkj.k efgyk o cPpks ds lkFk ns[kHkkt dh
t:jr gS A
Women health dks ?kjsyw fgalk ]u’kk ]dke dk nckc ]f’k{kk ]tS.Mj Hksn o tYnh ‘kknh
izHkkfor djrs gS A blesa mudk LokLF;k Lrj cgqr [kjkc gS vxj iq:”kks dh rqyuk djs
rks oks cgqr ,sfufed gS ftuesa 29.3% mild ,16% meldrate, 1.7% sever gS vkSj 47%
vU; leL;k ls xzflr gS A

Reproductive and child health programme (R.C.H.C.)

bl izksxjke esa ifjokj fu;kstu ekr`Ro LokLF;]f’k’kq LokLF; vkSj ;qok LokLF; ds fy;s
pyk;k tk jgk bldk Qk;nk o lqfo/kk;s ogk rd igwap jgh gS ds ugh A vkSj LokLF; ds
cu jgs ikap of”kZ; Iyku esa R.M.N.C.H.A. dks dojst fcUnw ekuk gS ftlesa &
R= Reproductive
M= Meternal
N=Neonatal
C=Chld
H= Health
A =Adolocent

bldk mn~ns’; safe instutational delivery ,counciling ,iSls dh o;oLFkk djuk
gS izsaxusalh ds le; ukWu dE;wfudscy chekfj;ks ls cpuk pkfg;s tks ekr`ro f’k’kw dk T;knk
dkj.k curh gS ekr`ro LokLF; esa leqnk; VHSVC,SHG,ICDS,Mother mitting dks c<kuk
gS vk’kk o , ,u,e dks fMyhojh ds ckn de ls de rhu foftV djuh pkfg, A
Life skill

;qokvksa dks csgrj thou thus ds fy;s nl life skill ls voxr djk, ftuesa &leL;k
lek/kkus] fu.kZ; ]critical thinking ,creative thing ,interpersnol
relationship lEizs”k.k]Lo;a tkx:drk ]ncko Hkkoukvksa
Second collective setion

1iks"k.k D;k gS\ leqnk; esa iks"k.k Lrj dks dSls igpkusxS ! iks"k.k dks
dSls lkekftd vkfZFkd lkLdZfrd vkSj HkkSxksfyd dkjd dSls izHkfor
djrs gSaA cPpksa dks ekyU;wVZs”u dSls izHkkfor djrk gS\dqiksl.k dk
cPpksa ij ekufld o ’kkjhfjd fodk’k :drk gSA
1. QwM flD;kfjVh uhfr 2013 ds ckjs sa esa !iksfy’kh D;k gksrh gS\ mfpr
iksfylh mls dgsaxs ftlesa miyC/krk ~ iagqp ~Lohdk;Zrk~ gks! uhfr dks
vkfZFkd dher miyC/krk dkuwu vkfn dkjd izHkkfor djrs gaSA

2. Iywfjte s O;oLFkk ds ckjs esa ;g ,slh O;oLFkk gS ftlesa ,d gh txg ij
LFkkfu; Lrj ij bZykt djus okys ~ gcZy esfMdy ~ nkbZ ~ ih,plh ~
lh,plh ~ vk;wl dh O;oLFkk gks !gesa gCZy vkSj Lfkkfu; bykt i)fr dks
c<kok nsuk gS
Hkkjr 58000 ,echch,l MkWDVj gSa 72000 vk;wl MkWDVj gSaA ljdkj 30
gtkj dh vkcknh ij ,d MkWDVj miyC/kr djkrh gS vxj nkSuksa dks tksMk
tk; rks ,dgtkj ij ,d MkWDVj dh O;oLFkk gks ldrh gS ySfdu ljdkj
vk;wl MkWDVj dks MkWDVj ugh ekurh gSa!
04 Efgyk LokLFk; ij dk;Z gqvk ftles ?kjsyw fgalk u’kk dke dk
ncko f’k{kk
tS.Mj HkSn tYnh ‘’kknh Efgyk LokLFk; ij cqjk vlj
iMrk gS ftlls Efgyk, ges’kk ruko esa jgrh gSA bl dkj.k Efgyk, 29
izfr’kr feYM 16 izfr’kr esMjsV 2 izfr’kr lhfo;j ,sfufed gSa rFkk 47
izfr’kr vU; leL;kvksa ls xzflr gSa!
05 vkj lh ,p vks dk;Zdze dh mi;ksfxrk ij ppkZ gqbZ fd ;g dk;Zdze
eq[; :Ik ls ekrk o f’k’kqvksa ds LokLF; fodk’k ds fy;s gS ySfdu
foHkkfx; ykijokgh vkSj lesnk; ds tkx:drk ds vHkko esa 45 izfr’kr
cPpksa dh ekSr Vhdkdj.k dh deh ls gksrh gSA ftues ls 19 izfr’kr cPpksa
dh ekSr Mh ih Vh Vhds ds ugh yxus ls gksrh gSAftudks cpk;k tk ldrk
gS! budks /;ku esa j[kdj leqnk; esa tkx:drk c<kuh gSAftlls ykSbu
lqfo/kkvksa dh ekax dj ldsaAvHkh tks ikap o"khZ; LokLF; Iyku tks cu jgk
gS mlesa vkj ,e ,u lh ,p , dks dojst fcUnw ekuk gS! fjikszMfDVo
esVjuy uh;ksusVy pkbYM gSYFk ,MksykslsaV
06 . Neo natal
Neo natalmortality=
Under five mortality =
Infant mortality =

Pre term birth rate =
Intraparturm related=
Population risk =
Incedence =
Pravalance =
Incedence rate =
Person year =
Crude death rate =
Age specific death =

thou dkS’ky izf’k{k.k ij dk;Z gqvk ftlls ;qokvks ds le{k vkus
okyh nqfo/kkvksa ij enn dj ldsa ftlesa leL;k lek/kku ~fu.kZ; *
fdfVdy lksp^ fdz;fVo lksp ^ laEisz’k.k ^Lo;a tkx:drk ^ncko ^ Hkoukvks
dks tkuuk ^,EiFkh ^baVj ijluy fjys’ku f’ki^ rFkk Hkfo"; fuekZ.k !S
07.

08. LVMh fMtk;u ij dk;Z ftuesa
1 dksjVsM LVmh fMtk;u &bl LVMh fMtk;u esa fdlh ,d dkj.k ls
nwljk izHkkfor gksrk gS tSls thou Lrj ekyU;wVzs’ku ikS"k.k dks izHkkfir
djrkgS
;fn MkbZV c<rh gS rks dqik"k.ks ?kVrk gS mnk% xjhch ls Vh ch c<rh gS!
2 zdzkszl lsDluy LVmh fMtk;u%&
3 dksgkjV LVmh fMtk;u%& ;fn chekjh fj;j de gS rks LVmh fMtk;u
dks djrs gSa fQj dsk daVz™ksy fd;k tkrk gS! mnk%,sfufed ,Dlikst D;k
gS\ D;k og gjh lCth [krh gS \ vkfn dkl.kks ls irk dj ldrs gSaA

4 ,sukfyfVdy LVmh fMtk;u%& blesa chekjh ds dkj.k tkudjtkapuk
fdrusa ykSxks dks ,sDlikstj gqvk gS\ fdrusa chekj gq, gSa\
5 dsl daVz™ksy LVmh fMtk;u %&bl v/;;u esa ,d Hkkx esa mUgs
‘’kkfey djsxsa tks chekj gSa A nwljs esa tks chekj ugh gS ml tula[;kls
dqN lysDVsM dsl ysaxas vkSj mudk fdruk ,sDlikstj dkj.k ns[ksxsa ! bl
v/;;u esa dsl dks Hkh fMtk;u djuk gS dSlk dsl gS \fdruk gS\ de gS
T;knk gS rFkk fdrusa fnu ls gS\
9% ,p vkbZ oh ds ckjs esa % bldk ok;jl ekuo ‘’kjhj esa vkj ,u, ds
igqap dj [kqn dk Mh,u, cukrk gS fQj vkj ,u, cukrk gS ,Ml gksus ij
vf/kdrj O;fDr;ksa dh ekSr vU; chekfjksa ls gksrh gS ftlesa Vhch izeq[k gS!
10%chekfj;ka dSls Qsyrh gS\
1 oSDVj cksu fMftt % oSDVj ok;jl Qsyus dk nwljk ek/;e tSls eD[kh
ok;jl ys tkrh gS ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij ;g oSDVj dgykrh gS!
oSDVj cksu fMftt eysfj;k Mk;fj;k fpdquxqfu;k Iysx vkfnA blesa ,d
,stsUV gksrk gS ftlls chekjh vkrh gS ! gksLV og gksrk gS tks buQSDV
gksrk gS ! I;kZoj.k esa gesa’kk ,stsUV gksrk gSA
fjtoZ ok;jl %dks nks Hkkxksa esa ckaVrs gSa 1 dsl blesa O;fDr dks buQSDlu
gks tkrk gS vkSj fleVe vkus ‘’kq: gks tkrs gSa! 2 dsfj;j blesa O;fDr
buQSDVsM rks gks tkrk gS ySfdu og chekj ugh gksrk gSA
bD;wis’ku ihjh;M% blesa O;fDr buQSDV rks gks tkrk gS mls tks og chekjh
tks gksus es oDr yxrk gS og bD;wi’s ku ihjh;M dgykrk gSA
lc Dyhfudy dSl% blesa dslks dk irk ugh yxrk gS fd vl O;fDr esa
ok;jl iagqp x;k gS dksbZ y{k.k ugh fn[krs gSA
duoSyhlsaV convalescent %bls ok;jl vkWQ fjdojh Hkh dgrs gS blesa
chekj O;fDr ds y{k.k pys tkrs gS ySfdu ok;jl ‘’kjhj esa ekStwn jgrk
gS ! tSls Vk;Qk;M

ekWM vkWQ V™kalfe’ku esa dqN chekfj;ka ,slh gksrh gsa tks lh/ks laidZ esa vkus
ls thok.kqvks ls Qsyrh gSa tSls ,sMl Vhch [kqtyh vkfn ! rFkk eysfj;k
buMk;jsDV Qsyrk gS!
2 okVj cksuZ fMftt %& ikuh ls Qsyus okyh chekfj;ka okVj cksuZ fMftt
dgykrh gSa tSls%ihfy;k mYVh nLr gStk Mk;fj;k eysfj;k gkFkh ikao
vkkfn ;s LoPNrk ds vHkko esa Qsyrh gSa
3 dE;wfudscy fMftt %& os chekfj;kaa tks jksxh ds lh/ks laidZ esa vkusa ls
Qsyrh gS tSls ,pvkbZoh [kljk jscht QY;w Vhch vkfn!
bu chekfj;ksa ds Qsyus dk ,d dze gksrk gS
1 & buQSDlu &blesa thok.kq ;k ok;jl ‘’kjhj esa izos’k dj tkrk gSA
2& baD;wislu &thok.kq izos’k ls chekjh gksusa rd dk le;
3& izksM™kseky & y{k.k fn[kusa ‘’kq: gks tkrs gSaA
4& byusl & iwjh rjg chekj gks tkrs gSA
5 & fjdojh ;k doyslsal & bl voLFkk esa jksxh dh ekSr Hkh gks ldrh
gSA vxj le; ij bZykt gks tkrk gS rks jksxh & fjdoj dj ldrk gSA
4 ukWu dE;wfudscy fMftt
6 chekjh Qsyko dh fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij budks rhu Hkkxks esa ckaVrs gSa
1 ,sisfMfed& ,slh chekfj;ka tks rsth ls vkSj tYnh Qsyrh gSA tSls
&gStk eysfj;k Vk;Qk;M LokbuQyw Iysx A
2& ,Umsfed & ftu chekfj;ka dk ok;jl LFkkbZ jgrk gS fdlh {ks= fo’ksl
esa ! tSls & eysfj;k
3& fo’o Lrj dh ,slh chekjh tks vf/kdrj ns’kks esa ikbZ tkrh gS! tSls
&,pvkbZoh

7 lksf’k;y ,ihfMfe;ksyksth vkWQ fMtht & ,leqnk; esa lkekftd
okrkoj.k ,d tslk gksrk gS ySfdu dqN chekfj;ka fo’ksl o"kkZ ekSle ;k
[kkuiku ls gh gksrh gS ftuls lHkh ykSx izHkkfor ugh gksrs gSAftuesa dqN
chekfj;ks dk bykt laHko gS dqN chekfj;kas dks [kku iku ;k ykbZQ LVkbZy
cnydj jksd ldrsa gS iwjh rjg [kRe ugh dj ldrs ! tSls & CyM izs’kj
Mk;chVht gkVZ vVsd !
8 & fjQysDlu & fdlh Hkh {ks= esa dke djus ds ckn ml dke dk gesa
fjQysDlu t:j fy[kuk pkfg, blls gesa ml dke dh detksjh etcwrh
rFkk izxfr dk irk pyrk gSA fuEu pj.kks esa djsxsa
Reflection= explanation/exploration -→ anexietes → errors →
weakness → strenths → success → causes → effect → blds ckn
ge ihNs ;k vkxs tk ldrs gSA
third collective setion

1. Ocupation health &vkt Hkkjr esa 31 djksM iq:l o 50 djksM efgyk,a rFkk
01 djksM 14 o"kZ ls de mez ds cPps dke djrs gSa fuds lkFk dke ds nkSjku
tS.Mj HkSn gksrk gS rFkk bUgs dke dh ifLFkfr ds vuqlkj LokLF; lqsfo/kk,a
miyC/k ugh djokbZ tkrh gSaA
ykSx nks izdkj ds {ks= esa dke djrs gSa 1& vkWjxukbtM & blesa jkstxkj
dh xkjaVh gksrh gS vkSj le; vodk’k lkekftd lqj{kk vkfZFkZd lqj{kk dh
xkjaVh o lqfo/kk gksrh gSA
2 & vu vkWjxukbtM & blesa fdlh izdkj dh dksbZ lqj{kk dh xkjaVh o
lqfo/kk ugh gksrh gSA
iwjs Hkkjr esa 92 izfr’kr tula[;k vu vkWjxukbtM {ks= esa dke djrh gSA
bl rjg ds etnwjksa ds fy, ljdkj us jk"V™h; LokLF; chek ;kstuk dh

lqfo/kk ns j[kh gS ysfdu tkudkjh ds vHkko ds dkj.k mudk Qk;nk ugh ys
ikrs gSa!
2. Data collection & gesa ykSxks ds lkFk lk{kkRdkj vkWctoZs’ku miyC/k MkVk
lewg ppkZ ls izkIr dj ldrs gSa blds fy;s gesa vius mnns’; dks /;ku esa
j[kdj dkSulh lwpuk izIr djuh gS dks igys gh fy[kysuk pkfg;s! lwpuk
izkfIr ds ckn viuh etcwrh vkSj detksjh;ksa dks ,sukykbt t:j djuk
pkfg,!
gesa vkWctoZs’ku ls iwoZ ;k bUMsQFk vkSj ,Q th Mh dh rS;kjh dj ysuh pkfg,
fd fdu vkWctSfDVo dks /;ku esa j[kdj ppkZ djuh gS fdlls ckr djuh gS
LFkku le; fnukd D;k gksxk\ Hkk"kk dk ek/;;e D;k gksxk \ gesa muls
lwpuk izkIr djuh gS muls gh iwNrs jgsa [kqn tokc ugh nsa ! bl lwpuk dks
gesa btktn ysdj fy[k ;k fjdkWMZ dj ldrs gSa!
bUMsQFk lk{kkRdkj dks nks izdkj ls ys ldrs gSa 1 &QkWjey LV™dpj blesa
iz’u i= rS;kj djds dze ls loky iwNuk ! @2& buQkWjey LV™dpj blesa
fcuk dze ds loky iwNrs gS!a
3. Disability= ‘
’kkjhfjd :I ls v{ke ykSxksa dks LokLF; f’k{kk lkekftd

l’kfDrdj.k vkSj tkx:d dj mUgs lEeku dh ftUnxh thus ds fy, izsfjr
dSls djsa \
4. Urben rural health care

Globlization oS’ohdj.k ls u;s cktkj dk fuekZ.k gqvk cktkj esa izfrLi/kkZ vk;hA

ftlds dkj.k yksxks dks viuh bPNk vuqlkj oLrqvksa dk p;u djus dk ekSdk
feyk] yksxks essa n{krk cMhA ysfdu blds foijhr vkt Hkh LokLF; esa yksxks ds
ikl dksbZ ilan ugh gS] LokLF; ds {ks= esa ljdkj dk ,dkf/kdkj gSAgesa ;g Hkh
/;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd miHkksDrk ;k ykHknkjh ] vfHkusrk dh Hkwfedk esa dkSu dkSu
O;fDr 'kkfey gS] LokfeRo fdl ds ikl gSA
5.
1, asimatri = tks lwpuk MkWDVj ds ikl gksrh gS og geks ikl ugh gksrh

bls

vflesvjh dgrs gSaA
2 . WTO= m:Xos esa 1994 esa cgqi{kh; le>ksrk gqvk ftlesa dkSbZ Hkh ns’k

‘’kkfey gks ldrk gS bles dwf"k

isVsUV vUrZjk"V™h; Lrj ij VS.Mj djuk

vkfn ‘’krsZ ‘’kkfey Fkh ! 1994 esa iz.ko eq[kthZ us gLrk{kj dj Hkkjr dh
lnL;rk gqbZA
3. GATS
4. TRIPS
5. PATENT

vkfn fcUnqvksa ij dk;Z fd;k x;k!
izzFke QhYM ds nkSjku IyslesaV vyoj ftys ds y{ek.kx< CykWd nwljk n’kd
laLFkku

esa gqvk bl nkSjku

CykWd y{e.kx< ds ckjs esa lwpuk,a ,df=r

djusa ds vykok laLFkku ds ckjs esa Hkh le>us dk iz;kl fd;k x;k ftlesa
laLFkku dc ls o D;k dk;Z djrk gS mldk <kapkxr Lo:Ik D;k gS\

vU; xSj ljdkjh laLFkkvks esa foftV ,ao lsehukjksa o jsfy;ksa esa
Hkkxhnkjh
1. ,ihMh laLFkku esa foftV
2. CykbZMa okWd jSyh
3. HkkSiky xSl =kklnh ds 20 o"kZ gksus ij mlls e`r vkfJrks ds
gd gsrw ,d fnolh; /kjuk izn’ku cSaxyksjA
4. Rkhu fnolh; uS’kuy ck;ks ,sfFkdl dkWUQzs’k cSaxyksj!
5. eksulsaVks jsyh esa Hkkxhnkjh
6. Lusgnku laLFkku esa foftV
7. dUuwj ,slksfl;lu QkWj bUVhxzVsM :jy vkWxsZukbtS’ku ,.M
liksVZ dsjy
8. ‘’kkfUr iSu ,.M ikysfVo dS;j lsVj dsjyk

FIELD WORK

Doosra Dashak Project Laxmangarh (Alwar)

The Laxmangarh block was created in January of 2007 and is situated in the north western part
of Rajasthan, Alwar is part of Mewat area, located in the triangle of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur.
Generally poor, deriving their livelihood from subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry,
the population has a concentration of Meos.
Social Situation:
The Meo population is predominantly rural. They comprise over a third of the total population
of Mewat and are the largest single ethnic community in this area. They are
mostly agriculturalists who also rear sheep and goats. Laxmangarh is among the 7 blocks of
Alwar district with a total population of 235,925 among whom 29.78 percent belong to SC and
ST communities. This block has 185 villages spread over 44 Gram Panchayats.

Gender Roles:

The Meo community is generally deprived of education and development opportunities as a
result of their socio-cultural positioning. The overall literacy rate in Laxmangarh is 65.19
percent. Female literacy rate is just 33.90 percent. The enrollment ratio for girls at the primary
level is 46.96 and upper primary level is 39.66. The status of women is very low because of
traditional mindset and custom of purdah. Generally speaking, girls are sent to 'Maqtabs'
(religions schools) for religions instruction. As soon as they attain puberty they are removed
from Maqtabs also and expected to remain in the confines of home. The ratio of women to
men is 892:1000 which is much lower than Rajasthan and reveals a deteriorated status of
women. The mean age of marriage is 16.2. Total fertility rate is 4.9 which is the same as in
Rajasthan. The infant mortality rate is 99 which shows poor health-care facilities. Only 15
percent women are able to receive safe delivery option. The curriculum (Nisab) of the Maqtabs
was decided in the 17th century is still in use.

Mission:







Taking measures to enable the community to participate in the processes of education
and empowerment of adolescents, and to develop organizations at the village level to
facilitate in redefining caste, class, and gender relations at the local level;
Providing holistic education, integrated with issues relevant to the lives of adolescents,
and simultaneously giving them opportunities/spaces to translate their learning into
action through linking learning with practice;
Empowering adolescents so that they may develop a commitment to democratic values,
as well as to gender, caste, class and religious equity, strive for human rights, and
inculcate habits of healthy living

Objectives
With reference to persons of 11-20 age group, DD aims to channelize immense energy of these
young boys and girls towards community development and nation building. DD programme
works with the following objectives:










To meet their basic learning needs and to relate learning to life, work and environment;
To equip them for adolescence and family life through improvement in their
understanding of issues in health/reproductive health and making them aware about
HIV /AIDS;
To create an awareness about the underlying causes of socio-economic and gender
inequality;
To cater livelihood related issues by enhancing vocational and life skills;
To harness their energies for nation building through creation of cadres who may
provide educated, informed and responsible leadership;
To create a cadre of adolescents to work towards securing people’s rights and to
steadfastly pursue the constitutional postulates of national integration, democracy and
secularism;
To employ science and technology for improving the lives of the people.

Organizational Structure:
Doosra Dashak’s team comprises the Steering and Coordination Unit (SCU) and Field Extension and

Support Unit (FESU).
Steering Coordination Unit:
DD’s Steering and Coordination Unit (SCU) is based at Jaipur and works for planning and capability
building of DD employees as well as DD participants. Steering and Coordination Unit (SCU)
monitors and assists the field programme, ensure coordination with institutions, funding agencies,
and individuals who may have the capability and interest to assist the field programme. SCU
also meets with other NGOs which may wish to implement Doosra Dashak, or a similar
programme. SCU primarily is an interface between funding agencies, other organizations and the
FESU.SCU works in close association with a reputed voluntary organization named Sandhan which
is designated as technical resource agency for DD.
Field Extension and Support Unit:
The Field Extension and Support Unit bear the overall responsibility of conducting activities for
adolescents and community by working closely with them. These units are created to be a team
which manages as well as steers the activities at the field level.FESU in each block is led by a
Project Director who works with a team comprising one Field Project Coordinator, 2-3 Associate
Coordinators and an accountant. This team is supported by Cluster Teams that include 6 to 8
workers and 4 to 6 Master Trainers.
Cluster Teams :
The placement of a team at the field level is essential for a project like DD. In the beginning, when
the area of operation was comparatively small, workers were placed at the village level. As the
area increased, clustering became a necessity. About 12–15 villages in a contiguous area are
considered as a cluster, and each cluster is allocated a couple of persons. Cluster team works on
the grass-root level and keep constant interaction to the beneficiaries.
Review and Planning:
Review and Planning Meetings (RPMs) are conducted every month at the block level where they
review work progress and make action plan for the next month. All FESU team members attend
this meeting. After the progress is reviewed at the block level, Block Review and Planning Meeting
(BRPM) is conducted at SCU in Jaipur. In this meeting, Project Directors of all the nine blocks share
the development in their respective blocks and exchange ideas.

3, Doosra Dashak Project

Doosra Dashak or the second decade is a project for the holistic education of adolescents aged
11-20. The programme aims at leadership development among adolescents to enable them to
play a role in the process of social transformation.
Adolescents comprise a large of India’s population today. These young, vibrant, and exuberant
persons aged 11-20 years, stand at the threshold of adulthood and experience an enormous
amount of energy. This phase in the life cycle of human beings is characterized by hormonal
changes resulting in rapid physical and biological developments. These are often expressed
through psychosocial, behavioral and sexual maturation.
A significant transformation in adolescent’s personality is the search for identity and hence they
crave for importance and fantasize being the centre of attraction. It therefore becomes very
important that their energies are channelized towards constructive thinking and actions.
Doosra Dashak has attempted to
address this critical age group in
a region marked by fragile
ecology
and
low
social
development indicators. Started
in 2001, with Sir Dorabji Tata
Trust as the major funding
agency, the project is currently
being implemented in 9 blocks
of 7 districts in Rajasthan.
Doosra Dashak process
essentially consists of residential
camps for adolescent
participants which aim at
providing integrated basic
education and inculcate leadership skills which work for overall personality development. In
addition a multi-pronged approach based on life skills development and formation and
strengthening of the community organizations with special emphasis on youth and women's
forums is adopted for achieving the goal of sustainable and holistic development.

ftyk %&*

jktLFkku esa 33 ftys gSa ftuesa ,d ftyk vyoj Hkh gSA
tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj %&
vyoj ftys dh dqy tula[;k %& 3674179
tula[;k
'kgjh
xzkeh.k

iq:"k
349518
1589508

Efgyk
304933
1430220

;ksx
654451
3019728

ftys dh dqy lk{kjrk ¼tux.kuk 2011 ds vuqlkj½ %&
lk{kjrk
'kgjh ¼izfr’kr esa½
xzkeh.k ¼izfr’kr esa½

iq:"k
83-7
82

Efgyk
56-3
52-2

;ksx
70-60
67-9

tula[;k o`f) dh nj %& 22-75
fyaxkuqikr %& 894
tu ?kuRo %& 438
{ks=Qy %& 8380
vyoj dk bfrgkl %&
;g pkj /kekZsa ds esy&feyki dk izrhd gS ftlesa
v & vYYkkg ¼eqfLye½
y & ykWMZ ¼blkbZ½
o & okgsxq: ¼flD[k½
j & jke ¼fgUnq½
y{e.kx< CykWd ,d utj esa %&

General Information :Total in Blocks
3
CHC
9
PHC
37
SHC
Revenue Village 196
46
Gram
Panchayat

Field Area
3
5
10
50
10

y{e.kx< dh dqy tula[;k %& 288671
efgyk & 136726
iq:"k & 151950
y{e.kx< CykWd esa 90 izfr’kr ?kjksa esa 'kkSpky; ugha gSA ;gka ij 70 izfr’kr
dqiks"k.k gSA 70 ls 80 izfr’kr efgykvksa esa [kwu dh deh ik;h tkrh gS ftuesa 20 izfr’kr
efgykvksa esa [kwu dh xaHkhj deh ik;h tkrh gSA 0&6 o"kZ rd ds 50]000 cPps gSaA
Laxmangarh block (Alwar district)
Basic information
Laxmangarh is a Town in Lachhmangarh Mandal in Alwar District in Rajasthan State. It is located
160 km distance from its State Main City Jaipur. Situated in the north western part of Rajasthan,
Alwar is part of Mewat area, located in the triangle of Delhi, Agra and Jaipur. Generally poor,
deriving their livelihood from subsistence agriculture and animal husbandry, the population has
a concentration of Meos. They comprise over a third of the total population of Mewat and are
the largest single ethnic community in this area*.
The Meo population is predominantly rural. Mostly they are agriculturalists who also rear
sheep and goats. Laxmangarh is among the 14 blocks of Alwar district with a total population of
241708 among whom 29.78 percent belong to SC and ST communities. This block has 185
villages spread over 44 Gram Panchayats. The sex Ratio is 892 which is much lower than Total

fertility rate is 4.9 which are the same as in Rajasthan. Infant mortality rate is 99 which show
poor health-care facilities. Only 15 percent women are able to receive safe delivery option.
The overall literacy rate in Laxmangarh is 65.19 percent. Female literacy rate is just 33.90
percent. Enrolment ratio at the primary and upper primary level of girls is 46.96 and 39.66
percent respectively.
The Meo community is generally deprived of education and development opportunities as a
result of their socio-cultural positioning. The status of women is very low because of traditional
mindset and custom of purdah. Generally speaking, girls are sent to 'Maqtabs' (religions
schools) for religions instruction. As soon as they attain puberty they are removed from
Maqtabs also and expected to remain in the confines of home. The curriculum (Nisab) of the
Maqtabs was decided in the 17th century is still in use.

The Meo Community:
Mayo or Meo or Mewati is a prominent Muslim Rajput tribe from North-Western India. A
considerable number of Meos migrated to Pakistan after independence in 1947 and now they
are estimated to be over 12 million. The areas of the three districts where they live are
collectively called Mewat, a reference to their supremacy in the area. Meos speaks Mewati,
and live in a tribal culture. The majority is uneducated and is currently classed under Other
Backward Class (OBC).[2] Only one in ten Meos is able to properly read and write.
This name is derived from the major community inhabiting the area - the Muslim Meos. The
Meos are descendants largely of Rajput, Meena and Gujjar converts to Islam and have still
retained many elements of their pre-Islamic past, including several customs, social institutions,
rituals and beliefs. It is estimated that there are over a million Meos in Mewat alone and
several hundred thousand scattered elsewhere. Nearly all the Meos of Mewat resides in rural
areas and most villages in the region have overwhelming Meo majorities

Educational Situation
If the literacy rate can at all be said to be a measure of development, Meonis seem to have
registered virtually no development at all. According to reliable estimates, not more than one
per cent of all Meonis are functionally literate. In the entire community of over a million souls,
there are said to be not more than 20-25 Meoni graduates. In most schools of rural Mewat,
there are hardly any girls at all.

Economic Situation
As a result, most Meos can raise just one crop a year, if the rains are sufficient. Rampant
exploitation by Bania and Jain moneylenders is another major cause of Meo poverty. Most of
the Banias of Mewat live off the interest they charge on loans given to the Meos. The general
rate of interest per month is three Rupes per hundred monthly, which works out to an
exorbitant 36 per cent yearly, enough to drive many Meo families deep into debt and penury
for generations.
Agriculture and Housework
If the general condition of the Meos is woeful, that of the Meonis, the Meo womenfolk, is even
more distressing. In the domestic sphere, the burden is almost entirely on women. Forced by
their acute poverty, right from childhood itself, to assist their mothers in household chores,
young Meo girls cannot go to school. They tend to younger siblings, graze goats and sheep, and
roam the bare, barren slopes of the Ravalli in search of firewood. In the Kharif season, bajra,
maize, jowar, Kharif pulses, arhar, sesamum, cotton, guar etc. are sown in about 3,29,088
hectares (42 percent). In the Rabi season wheat, barley, gram, mustard, Rabi pulses etc. are
sown in about 4, 52,527 hectares (58 percent). Thus, the total cropped area of the district is 7,
81,615 hectares.
Islamic Education
Increasingly, Meos is sending their girls to Islamic maktabs (primary schools) attached to most
village mosques. There they learn to read Urdu and are taught to memorise parts of the Holy
Quran. Most maktabs are coeducational. No fixed fees are charged. Parents give grain and
money to the maulvis to teach their children, though for poor families this is not compulsory.
Girls are withdrawn from the maktabs as soon as they reach puberty (baligh hone ki umar) and
are then married off, for from that age onwards they become vulnerable to strange (ghayr)
men, including their male teachers. Thereafter, they cannot continue their studies.

Laxmangarh block, Alwar district
1. Demographic Data
Area (In K.M.)

618.9

No. of revenue villages 2001

187

No. of inhabited villages

185

No. of Gram Panchayats

44

No. of households

34634

Population 2011

241708

Male

128045

Female

113663

percent of SC population 2011

18.49

percent of ST population 2011

12.14

Census,2011

Decadal population growth Rate (
percent)
Sex ratio (Females/1000 Males)
Density of population (Per Sq. Km.)

381

2. Vital Statistics, Alwar district,
2004

3. Maternal and Child care , Alwar district, 200708

Indicators

Value

Indicators

Value in
percent

Crude Birth Rate (CBR)

19.75

Received full Anatenatal checkup

14.20

Total Fertility Rate (TFR)

2.65

Institutional delivery

45.40

Infant Mortality Rate (IMR) NA

Full immunizations

24.80

Crude Death Rate (CDR)

Child breastfed within one hour of 35.80
birth

NA

Children (age 6 months)exclusively 40.80
breastfed
Source: DLHS-RCH survey, 2004

Women

facilitated/motivated

by 1.8

ASHA for Ante-Natal Care

Women facilitated/motivated 2.7
by ASHA for
Source: DLHS Survey, 2007-08

About badoli

Badoli is a Village in Lachhmangarh Tehsil in Alwar District of Rajasthan State, India. It belongs
to Jaipur Division . It is located 35 KM towards East from District head quarters Alwar. 8 KM
from Laxmangarh. 130 KM from State capital Jaipur
badoli Pin code is 321607 and postal head office is Laxman Garh
javali ( 2 KM ) , Lilee ( 4KM ) , Khudiyana (5km ) are the nearby Villages to badoli. Badoli is
surrounded by Kathumar Tehsil towards East , Ramgarh Tehsil towards North , Reni Tehsil
towards South , Alwar Tehsil towards west .

Nagar , Alwar , Rajgarh (Alwar) , Nadbai are the nearby Cities to badoli.
HOW TO REACH BADOLI
By Rail
There is no railway station govindgarh near to badoli in more than 15 km. How ever Alwar Rail
Way Station is major railway station 45 km Ba

xzke cMksyh %&
tkoyh iapk;r ds 5 xkaoksa esa ls lcls cMk xkao gksus dh otg ls bl xkao dk uke
cMksyh iMkA jktkvksa ds le; ;gka ij eso o jktiwr nks tkfr;ka FkhA xnj ds le; eso

tkfr ds lHkh ifjokj ikfdLrku pys x;s FksA ckn esa yMkbZ cUn gksus ds ckn tkoyh ds
jktk izgykn flag us mUgha ?kjksa dks okfil clk;kA cMksyh xkao esa 184 ifjokj gSaA eq[;r%
buds ?kj ikl&ikl gSaA igys ;g xkao ,d Vhys ij clk gqvk Fkk ysfdu vc ;g 6 fdehds nk;js esa clk gqvk gSA bl xkao esa eq[;r% eso] tkV] jktiwr tkfr ds yksx fuokl djrs
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xkao dh dqy vkcknh %& 1654
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iq:"k & 903
0&6 vk;q oxZ dss cPps &
Ckyd
170

ckfydk,a
103

;ksx
273

jgu&lgu %&
;gka ds yksx esokrh laLd`fr esa jps&cls gSaA iq:"kksa dk igukok rgen o
dqrkZ&ik;tkek ,oa efgyk,sa esokrh lwV&lyokj igurh gSaA fL=;ka xgus Hkh igurh gSa
ftuesa pkanh o lksus ds xgus gksrs gSaA tSls & dMk] glyh] ik;tsc] yM vkfnA igys dh
cqtqxZ efgyk,sa T;knkrj vkHkw"k.k pkanh ds igurh Fkh ysfdu vc u;h ih<h dh efgyk,sa
lksus ds vkHkw"k.kksa dk iz;ksx Hkh djus yxh gSaA
Hkk"kk %&
;gka ij esokrh Hkk"kk cksyh tkrh gS ysfdu vktdy fgUnh Hkk"kk dk iz;ksx Hkh gksus
yxk gSA
d`f"k %&
;gka ij jgus okys yksxksa dk eq[; O;olk; d`f"k gSA ;gka fdlku cMs ifjJe ls
d`f"k dk;Z djrs gSaA ftuesa efgyk,sa Hkh mudk iwjk lg;ksx djrh gSaA d`f"k dk;Z lLrk ugha
gSA d`f"k esa ykxr vf/kd gksus ds dkj.k ;gka ds fdlkuksa esa xjhch dh >yd fn[kkbZ nsrh
gSA ftu yksxksa ds ikl vf/kd tehu gS os yksx Lo;a dk VªsDVj bLrseky djrs gSaA fdlku

mojZd o ns’kh [kkn dk d`f"k dk;Z esa mi;ksx djrs gSaA flapkbZ dk eq[; lk/ku dqvksa o
cksfjax gSaA dqN yksxksa ds ikl fo|qr lqfo/kk Hkh miyC/k gSA
R;kSgkj ,oa esys &
;gka ij fgUnq eqfLye leqnk; ds R;kSgkj vyx&vyx gksrs gSaA
fgUnqvksa ds R;kSgkj %&
gksyh] j{kkca/ku] edj laØkfUr] egkf’kojk=h] n’kgjk] nhikoyh] rht ,oa x.kxkSj
R;kSgkjksa dks /kwe/kke ls euk;k tkrk gSA
eso lekt ds R;kSgkj %&
bZn] cdjhn] lqcjkr] eksgjZe] o {ks=h; R;kSgkj u;k laor~ o pwgM fl) dks Hkh eukrs
gSaA xzkeh.k yksx vU; euksjatu ds fy;s dq’rh o naxyksa dk vk;kstu Hkh djrs gSaA
[kku&iku %&
[kkus esa izfrfnu nky&jksVh] lCth o yLlh dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA xjhc yksx
I;kt&pVuh ds lkFk jksVh [kkrs gSaA nwljs idoku nky ckVh pwjek ,oa pkoy dks
dHkh&dHkh R;kSgkjksa ds fnu cuk;k tkrk gSA ;gka ds dqN yksx ekal&eNyh o v.Mksa dk
iz;ksx dh [kkus esa djrs gSaA xfeZ;ksa ds ekSle esa xzkeh.k yksx tkS ds vkVs ls cus
NkN&jkcMh dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA
bZa/ku %&
xzkeh.k {ks=ksa esa bZa/ku ds :Ik esa ydMh QSMs o xkscj ds cus miyksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk
gSA dPph ekVh dh cuh jlksbZ rFkk ?kjksa ds pkSd esa pYgksa dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA dPph
jlksbZ esa jks’kunku ugha gksus ds dkj.k efgykvksa dks /kqvka o va/ksjs vkfn dk lkeuk djuk
iMrk gSA
fookg %&
xkaoksa esa eso lekt esa fookg dh ijEijk T;knkrj 12 ls 16 o"kZ dh mez esa yMds&yMfd;ksa
dh 'kknh dj nh tkrh gSA vU; lektksa esa 18 ls 20 o"kZ dh mez esa yMds &yMfd;ksa dh
'kknh dh tkrh gSA eso lekt ds yksx d`f"k ij fuHkZj gksus ds ckotwn ;gka ij yMfd;ksa
dks ngst esa VªsDVj] cksysjks xkMh o udnh rFkk lkeku nsus dk izpyu gSA

Xkako cMksyh izkstsDV

1 lkekU; tkudkjh
xkao dk uke
1.
xzke iapk;r dk uke
2.
LokLF; midsUnz dk uke
3.
izkFkfed LokLF; dsUnz dk uke
4.
Cykd iapk;r dk uke
5.
ftys dk uke
6.
lcls utnhd dLcs@’kgj ls xkao dh nwjh
7.
lHkh ekSleksa esa pkyw jgus okyh lM+d ls
8.
xkao dh nwjh
Uktnhdh cl LVS.M@LVki ls xkao dh nwjh
9.
10. utnhdh jsyos LVs’ku dh nwjh
2

tulkaf[;dh
Dqy tula[;k & 1654

cMksyh
Tkoyh
Tkoyh
bZVsMk
Yk{e.kx<
Vyoj
Yk{e.kx<
2 fdyksehVj
3dyksehVj
xksfoUnx< 20km,ekyk[ksMk 30km]vyoj 45km

dqy ifjokj½ : 184

3. cqfu;knh lqfo/kkvksa rd igqap
1- D;k xkao esa fctyh gS\

gkWa

2- xkao esa fdrus ?kjksa esa fctyh ugha gs o fdu leqnk;ksa ds

Esko

3-xkao esa cgqla[;d yksxksa ds fy, ihus ds ikuh dk eq[; Lkzksr

Ckskjosy]dq,sa

4-fiNys o"kZ ihus dk ikuh miyC/k Fkk\

gkWa

5-xkao esa cgqla[;d yksxksa ds ty fudklh dh lqfo/kk fdl izdkj
dh gS\

lMd ij ikuh cgko vkSj ?kjksa ds
ihNs [ksrks esa

6-xkao esa cgqla[;d yksxksa ds ’kkSpky; dh lqfo/kk fdl izdkj dh
miyC/k gS\

Ugh

7- fdrus ifjokjksa ds ikl ’kkSpky; lqfo/kk miyC/k gS dqy
ifjokj@ftrus ifjokjksa ds ikl ’kkSpky; gS½

8 ifjokj

4-xkao esa miyC/k vkSipkfjd laLFkku uke o LFkku lfgr xkao ls nwjh
1- ’kS{kf.kd laLFkku laLFkkuksa dk fooj.k mnkgj.k izkbZejh
Ldwy] laLFkkuksa dh la[;k] fLFkfr@nwjh½

01@xkao esa miyC/k gS@nwjh 0 fd-eh-

2- Fkkuk LFkku o nwjh dk fooj.k fy[ksa½

Yk{ke.kx< nwjh 09 fd-eh-

3- xkao LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk lfefr&VHSNC

iquZxBu o"kZ ebZ] 2014

4- iapk;r

Tkoyh

5-iapk;r lnL;ksa dh la[;k

13 @lnL;

5-ljdkjh
Ø0
1
2

LokLF; iznkrk
,-,u-,e-

miyC/krk
0

vkaxuokMh dk;ZdrkZ
dqlweyrk

1

;fn gkW] rks os vkids eqgYys esa vkrs gSa\
ugha]
dsUnz esa fu;fer vkrh gss

3
4

eksckby LokLF;
fDyfud ;fn gkW rks
fiNys rhu eghus esa

&&

&&dkabs Z fuf’pr ugh

fdruh ckj½
5

vU; dksbZ

Ø0

LokLF; iznkrk

Xkkao esa dqy la[;k

vk'kk
ikjEifjd rjhd ls Bhd djus
okys
Rkkf=ad@vks>k@xquh
izf'kf{kr nkbZ
vizf'kf{kr nkbZ
futh fpfdRld
nok dh nqdku
vU; dksbZ nqdku tgka nok,a
feyrh gksa

01
02

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

&&

&&
xSj ljdkjh

03 eksyoh
01
Xkkao fd efgyk,
ikl ds xk¡o esa
Yk{e.kx<
Yk{e.kx<

6- xkao esa miyC/k LokLF; lsok,a
Ø0
uke
1midsUnz
2vfrfjDr izkFkfed LokLF; dsUnz
3Cykd& izkFkfed LokLF; dsUnz
4,Q0vkj0;w0 izFke jsQjy
;wfuV@lkeqnkf;d LokLF; dsUnz½
5mi izHkkxh; vLirky@jsQjy vLirky
6ftyk vLirky
7izkbZosV fDyfud@vkS"k/kky;ckgjh ejht½
8futh@izkbZosV fpfdRlky;jksxh ns[kHkky ds
lkFk½
9,u0th0vks0 esa LokLF; ns[kHkky lEca/kh
lqfo/kk
10vU; LokLF; ns[kHkky lEca/kh lqfo/kk
mYys[k djsa½
11D;k xzkeh.k ns[kHkky lqfo/kk esa@xkao ds
fudV ,Ecqysal lsok@okgu gS\

nwjh(fdeh0 esa½ ;fn xkao esa gS rks 0 fy[ksa½
Tkkoyh 02 fd-ehbZVsMk 06 fd-ehYk{e.kx< 13 fd-ehYk{e.kx<
vyoj 50 fd-ehvyoj 50 fd-ehYk{e.kx< 15
02
Ukgh
vk;qoS) vkSÔ/kkY;
108

07.xkao esa eq[; LokLF; leL;k,a ,oa chekfj;ka ½
;g tkudkjh xkao dh efgykvksa ls izkIr dh xbZ gS k
efgyk,a

cPps

iq:"k

cq[kkj]

U;w eksfu;k

cq[kkj

ihfy;k

[kqtyh

xfB;k ckr

Y;wdksfj;k [kqu deh

ihfy;k

[kka’kh

flj nnZ

NksVh pspd

[kqtyh

isV nnZ

[kka’kh

Vh-ch-

Ckr

mYVh&nLr

Tqdke

vkWa[k vkuk

pDdj vkuk

cq[kkj

xfB;k ckr
08 laxBu@lewg uke] xkao esa dke dj jgk gS]½
1- xkao esa dk;Zjr xSj ljdkjh laxBu@leqnk; vk/kkfjr

nwljk n’kd 2007 ]ca/kau

laxBu

2011]uo&thou]bfCrnk 2011

2- efgyk e.My

Jms

3- Loa; lgk;rk lewg lewgksa dh la[;k fy[kdj lwfp layxu

03

djsa½
4-uo;qod e.My

01

09 izeq[k lkeqnkf;d R;ksgkj@mRlo% rht] clUr iapeh] f’kojkf=] j{kkca/ku] tUek"Veh]
n’kgjk] nhikoyh] gksyh] jkeuoeh] edj ladzkfUr&& bZn] yksgMh]’kqHkjkr]eksgje]vkfnA

10 egRoiw.kZ fnol % egkiq#"kksa ds uke ij dksbZ fnol ugha eukrs gSa

11 O;olk;
O;olk; dk uke

[ksrh

yxs gq,
iq:"k
tula[;k
dk
izfr’kr
80

vR;f/kd dke
ds ncko dk
ekSle eghus½

fnu esa og le; tc vR;f/kd dke dk tkfr
ncko gksrk gSs½
izksQkby

TkqykbZ&flrEcj

Lkqcg ls jk=h

lHkh

ekpZ & vizsy
Etnwjh

10

eso
dqekor

M`kboj

5

Ikyk;u

5

Eso
vxLr ls
tuojh

Ekso

s
13 xkao ds voyksdu ds ckjs esa vUos"kd ds vU; fopkj &
xkao esa LokLF; lqfo/kk dk ykHk fu;fer feys miLokLF; dsUnz fu;fer [kqyuk pkfsg,
ftlls yksxksa dh LokLF; lEcU/kh ijs’kkfu;ksa dks xkao Lrj ij le>k tk lds vkSj mUgsa
xkao Lrj ij gh de fd;k tk ldsA ykssxsk dks xzke LokLF; ,oa LoPNrk lfefr dh
tkudkjh ugha gS]mudh fu;fer cSBdsa ugha gksrh gSaA leqnk; Lrj ij xzke LokLF; ,oa
LoPNrk lfefr] vkaxuokM+h vk’kk vkSj xzke dks lfdz; djus dh vko’;drk gSA
vkdM+ks ds Lkzksr % xzke lewg ppkZ] iap] ljiap] lfpo] vkaxuokM+h dk;ZdrkZ] vk’kk] Ldwy
f’k{kZZd
1 understanding and describing a community

cMksyh xk¡o easa eqleku eso]jktiqr] dqekor vkSj gfjtu tkfr ds
dqy 184 ifjokj fuokl djrs gSA bu lHkh leqnk;ks esoks ds ifjokj vf?kd la[;k esa gSA;s
lHkh ifjokj vius vius leqnk;ksa ds egYyksa ds vuqlkj cls gq, gSA xk¡Wo es buds edku
dPps]v)ZiDds vkSj iDds cus gq, gSA iwjs xk¡o esa cuh gqbZ lMdks ds fdukjs ij larj uwek
cLksa gq,asA
Physical Aspects :-

xk¡o esa la;qDr ifjokj izFkk gSa rFkk xk¡o ds vf/kdka’k yksx d`fÔ djrs gSsAxk¡o ds 40&50
ifjokj vyx &vyx <ka.kh (ekstiqj dk ckl o iqjkuk ckl esa cls gq,s gsSa ysfdu lkoZtfud
dk;ksZ es lHkh dh Hkkxsnkjh jgrh gSA
foHkktu iwoZ bl xk¡o esas 25 efqLye ifjokj jgrs FksAfoHkktu ds ckn os ikfdLrku pys x;s
FksAtkoyh ds jktk us dkyk igkM ls mUgh ifjokjks dks okfil ykdj xk¡o esa clk;k
jktiqr ifjokj ikl xk¡o tkoyh ls vkdj clsa gSa eso ifjokj ds yksxks dks ;gka ij tehu
vkaoVu dj clk;k x;kA
tkoyh fj;klr esa lcls cMk xko gksus ds dkj.k bl xk¡o dk uke cMksyh iMkAxk¡o es
lkekftd ’kfDr esao o jktiqrks ds ikl gSA xk¡o ds eq[; Qslys eso o jktiqr gh djrs
gSA fookg lekjksg esa lHkh yksx ’kkfey gksrs gSa f’k{kk dh fLFkfr es eso ifjokj fiNMs gq,sa
gSA

Infrastructure:- cMksyh xk¡o dBwej jksM ls 2 fdyksehVj nwj dPph lMd ls tqMk
gqvk gSA y{ke.kx< ls bldh nwjh 6 fdyksehVj gSA
Yk{e.kx< ls futh lk/ku ih&di ]thi o o futh cls Hkh tkrh gSA ftudk dksbZ le;
fu/kkZfjr ugh gSA jq[; lMd ls xk¡o rd 2 fdyksehVj iSny ;k=k djuh iMrh gSAxk¡o esa
fctyh O;oLFkk gSA ftlesa flaXyQsl 15 ?k.Vs o 3 Qsl 6 ?kaVs vkrh gSA xk¡Wo es yxHkx 35
feVj dusD’ku gSA rFkk ckdh ifjokj pksjh ls fctyh tykrs gSA
xk¡o es yksx eksckby j[kr gS vodaphone’Aritel’ BSNL’ usVodZ dh csgrj igqap
gSAxk¡o es yxHkx lHkh ifjokjks ds ikl tehu gSA jktiqrks o eoks ds ikl tehu tknk gSA
;gka ifjokj ds lnL; la[;k ds fglkc ls edku la[;k de gSA ftlls ,d edku esa
8&10 lnL; thou ;kiu djrs gSA

xk¡o es vf/kdrj yksxks ds edku iDds gSaA ysfdu 70&80 eso ifjokjks ds edku dPps gSA
Patterns of Settlement :- ;g xk¡¡o 06 km ds nk;js esa clk gqvk gSA
xk¡o esa lHkh
leqnk;ks ds yksx feydj jgrs gSA vkSj xk¡o dh leL;kvks dk fuiVkjk lHkh yksx feydj
djrs gSA vf/kdrj yksx d`fÔ djrs gSArks ,d nwljs ds dk;ksZ es enn djrs gSA xk¡o ds
lHkh yksxks ds ikl Qly cksus ftruh tehu gSaA jktiqr tkfr ds yksxs ds ikl tehu
vf?kd gSA blfy, eso ifjokj ds yksx jktiqrks ds [ksrksa esa Qly dh dVkb dks yssdj
etnwjh djrs gS xk¡ao esa uhph tkfr gfjtu xk¡ao ds ckgj nwj esa jgrsa gSaA xk¡o esa lHkh tkrh
ds yksx eksgYyks es cls gq,s gSA esao tkrh ds yksx dbzzZ eksgYyks esa cls gq;s gSA

DemograPhY
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

0&6 o”kZ
YkMdk
yMdh
dqy
iq:”k
efgyk,sa
170
103
273
903
751
Xkkao eaas efgyk o iq:”k vuqikr 1025 iq:”k vksj 874 efgyk,as gSA

dqy
1654

;gka ij f’k{kk dk Lrj lHkh leqnk;ksa esa de gSA ysfdu ;gka ij jktiqrksa esao ’ksf{kd fLFkfr
Bhd gSA eso dE;qfuVh esa f’k{kk ds izfr tkx:drk de gSA ;gk ij esao lekt esa efgyk
f’k{kk dh fLFkfr cgqr detksj gSA;gka ij esokrh HkkÔk vkSj fgUnh Hkk”kk izeq[k :Ik ls
cksyh tkrh gSA

5 histoiry

cMksyh xkao iqu% clk;k gqvk xkao gSA ;g xzko ,d mps Hkkx ij clk
gqvk gSA 1947 ds iwoZ ;gka [kkutknk eqfLye ds 25 ifjokj fuokl djrs FksA ysfdu 1947
ds le; ;s lHkh ifjokj dkyk igkM pys x;s Fks ckn esa tkoyh ds jktk us bUgh ifjokjks
dks dkyk igkM ls okfil ykdj clk;k x;k FkkA vkSj jktiwr ikl gh ds xk¡¡o tkoyh
vkdj cls Fks A] leqnk; esa ;gka igys lHkh tkfr /keZ ds yksx fgUnw R;kSgkj vkSj ijEijk
ekurs FkasAftuesa gksyks dk iwtu gksyh fnokyh j{kk cU/ku eukrs FksA eqfLye R;ksgkj de gh
ekurs FkSA vksSj igys xk¡ao esa ,d ;k nks dq,s Fks lHkh yksx ogh ls ikuh ihrs Fks feydj

mldh lkQ lQkbZ djrs Fkas lHkh ds R;kSgkj vkSj fookg lekjksg es lkfey gksrs Fks fdlh
rjg dk fookn xk¡o esa ugh gksrk FkkA NksVs eksVs fooknks dks vius Lrj ij lqy>k fy;k
tkrk FkkA ;gka fgUnqvks vksj eqfLye esa e`R;q Hkkst fd;k tkrk gsSA ysfdu eqfLyeksa es tekr
ds dkj.k eqfLye laLd`fr o R;ksgkjks esa dVjrk ns[kh xbZ gSA ftlesa iwoZ esa R;ksgkjks dks
eukuk NksMs fn;k gsS r ysfdu vc fLFkfr cny xbZ gSA vc fooknks Fkkus rd tkrs gsS xkao
pkj lewgks esa cV x;k gSA blls xkao dh jktuhfrd o vkilh fj’rksa ij vlj gqvk gSA
ftlds dkj.k xkao eas vHkh Hkh erHksn gSA;gka xkao eas ihus ds ikuh dh leL;k gSA ;gk
ljdkj }kjk lkoZtfud Vadh yxh gqbZ gs ysfdu vkilh fooknks dkj.k pkyw gkyr esa ugh
gSA blfy, xk¡o ds yksxks dks ikuh dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iMrk gS ftlds fy;s
02km nwj dwvkSa ls ikuh ykuk iMrk gS A Qrsyk [kk¡u vkSj rst flag jkBkSM ls tc
tkudkjh yh xbZ tks mUgksus crk;k ds igys yksx xkao dk Hkyk lksprs Fks ysfdu vc LokFkZ
c< x;k gSA vc yksx fdlh Hkh rjg ls isls dekuk pkgrs gSA pkgs og rjhdk xyr gh
D;ks uk gksA
6. Community Leader
Xkako eaas lHkh tkfr;ka ls izeq[k ifjokj ds eqf[k;k cuk j[aks gSA ftues jktiwr o eso dqekorks
ds izeq[k ifjokjks ds cqtqxksZ ds }kjk Qsalyk fd;k tkrk gSA rFkk xkao ds eqfLyeks ds eksyoh
eqfLye ifjokjks o xkao Qslyks dks izHkkfor djrs gSA blds vykok izeq[k Qslyks esa iapks o
ljiap dh lykg Hkh yh tkrh gSA
eqfLye ifjokjks esa yMdh f’k{kk o efgykvksa ls cMs Qslys cwtqxZ yksx o eksyoh djrs gsS
fdruk yMfd;ks dks i<kuk gSA efgykvks dks D;k djuk pkfg, D;k ugh A

7. Community culture
;gka ij iq:”k iz/kku lekt O;oLFkk gSA vkSjrks ?kj dk dke o [ksrksa dk dke djrh gS
vkSj iq:”k yksx ckgj dks dk;Z]etnwjh djrs gSA efgyk o yMdh dks igys fcYdqy ugh
iMk;k tkrk Fkk ysfdu vHkh Hkh 10 oh ls vkxs cgqr de i<k;k tkrk gSA orZeku es 10 oh
ds ckn yMdh;k i<rh gSA dksbZ Hkh yMdh o efgyk ljdkjh uksdjh es ugh gSA xkao eas
efgyk o iq:”k HkasnHkko cgqr T;knk gS vkSjrs ?kw?kV fudkyrh gSA yMdh o efgykvkS dks
?kj dh bTtr le>k tkrk gSAs blfy, vkxas i<kbZ ugh djokbZ tkrh gSA 8 ls 14 o”kZ
dh vf/kdre vk;q esa yMfd;ks dh ’kknh dj nh tkrh gSA eqfLye ifjokjks esa ngst dks
p;u vzc cgqr c< x;k gSA ftlesa V`SdVj ]QkWjohyj o udnh nsuk vke ckr gks xbZ vksj

buds fcuk ’kknh dks Bhd ugh ekuk tkrk gSA [ksrh dh Qly dk lkjk :Ik;k iq:Ô gh
r; djrs gSA fdl ij [kpkZ djuk gsSA efgyk dls blfy, vktknh ugh nh tkrh gSA;fn
mls NwV ns nh tk;s rks gels tcku yMk;sxh blfy, caqtqxkasZ dk ekuuk gS fd vksjrs iSj
dh twrh gSA bls nckdj j[kuk pkfg, ysfdu dqN eqfLye ifjokj ’kkfn;ks esa ngst izFkk
dks xyr ekurs gS D;ksfd ftlds T;knk ngsr ugh ns ldrk gSA
;gka eqfLye efgyk, ulcUnh ugh djokrh gS vkSj bl rjg dk dk;Z djus ij mls xqukg
le>k tkrk gSA vkSj laRkku dks vYykg dh nsu le>k tkrk gSA
8. Existing Group :Xkkao esa S.H.G. lewg cus gq,s gSA uothou ]ca/kau lewg tks finance dk dk;Z djrs gSA
laLFkkuk dk;Z dj jgs gSA tks 2 izfr lSdMs lsl C;kt ij jkf’k fdLrks esa ysrs gSA blds
vykok 05 oh rd xkao esa Ldwy gS] vksj ;g vkus okys le; esa 08 oha rd gksus dh vkl
gSA ikl ds xkao tkoyh esa sub-cecter gS tkoyh esa gh 12 oha rd Ldwy gSA xkao esa
vkaxuckMh dsUnzz Hkh gS A enjlk cksMZ dh Ldwy Hkh gSA bl Ldwy esa cPpksa dks Ldwyh o
bLykeh f’k{kk nh tkrh gSaA
blds vykok efLtnks es eqfLye cPps gsrw eksyoh }kjk bLykeh f’k{kk nh tkrh gSA

9.economis
xkao ds yksx vf/kdrj [ksrh dks dke djrs gsS vksj yxzHkx lHkh ifjokjks ds ikl tehu gS
Qlyks ds mRiknu ij vkenuh gksrh gS ml ds vykok lHkh ifjokj HkSal ikyrs gSa vksj nw/k
csprs gssS dqN ifjokj ds lnL; ckgj Mªkbojh djrs gsS A xkao es esos ds ikl VªDVj Hkh gS
dqN yksx gh ljdkjh uksdjh es gsSA ftlesa 1 Qkst]01 v/;kid ykbZuesu Hkh gsSA esoks ds
ifjokj vf/kdrj etnwjh djrs gsSA vksj xjhc Hkh gS oks nwljks ds [ksrks esa Hkh dke djrs gsS
rFkk 10 ifjokj ckgj iatkc]xqtjkr es dikl rksMus gsrq 4 ekg iyk;u ij tkrs gsSA
eqfLye ifjojks es [ksrh djus okys ifjokjks es efgyk,s gh [ksrks ij gh dke djrh gsSA rFkk
Hkslks dh ns[kHkky djrh gsS rFkk iq:”k dke djrs gsS vksj vUr es iwjs iSls ij gd iq:”k
dk jgrk gS vksj mlh ds gkFk es isls jgrs gss xkaoesa ;gka vf/kdrj xsgw¡W ] tkS z ljlksa ]cktjk
]Xokj ] vjgj dk mRiknu izeq[k :Ik ls gksrk gsSA

10. Government/Politics
;gka ij yksxks esa tkx:drk dh deh gS vksj jktuhfrd idM de gS jktdh; deZpkjh
vius rjhds ls dk;Z djrs gS Axzke iapk;r esa lcls cMk gksus ds ckotwn Hkh ;gk¡ ij dksbZ
ljiap ugh gqvk gSA tcfd yksd lquokbZ vf/kdkj (R.T.H.) ds vuqlkj izfrfnu xzk-iaHkou 4 ?k.Vs [kqyuk pkfg, yksxks es tkx:drk ugh gSA
11. Social Structure:Xkao es ns[kus es lHkh tkfr o leqnk;ks esa vkilh cgqr lq>ko gsS ,d nwljs ds R;ksgkjks
‘’kkfn;ks esa ‘’kkfey gksrs gsS ysfdu dqN eqfLye ifjokjks es aeaso leqnk; pkj lewg es cVk
gqvk gsSA xkao eas pkj efLtnsa cuh gqbZ gSA igys yksx ,d gh efLtn es auokt i<us vkrs
FksA ysfdu vkUrfjd :Ik ls oks ,d nwljs ls dVko eglwl djrsa gSA ngst ysuk o nsuk o
‘’kkfn;ks es ,d nwljs ls [kpZ es gksM djrs gS vkSj tks yMds dh ’kkfn es T;knk xkfM;k
ys tkrs gsS vksj mls T;knk ngst feyrk gsS og vius vkidks nwljs ls gkbZ QkbZ le>rk gsS
,d c< p< ,d nwljs ls T;knk [kpZ djrs gsS tcfd oks iwjh rjg [ksrh ij fuHkZj gsS vksj
vk; ds brus lalk/ku ugh gsSA eqfLye leqnk; ds yMds dks vf/kdrj ngst dh [;kfr ij
i<krs gsS ftlls mUgs T;knk ngst fey tk;s vksj ‘’kknh ds ckn oks yMds 100 es ls 20
gh i<rs gsS e`R;qHkkst es Hkh ftls ;gka Qkfr;k cksyrs gsS fsd;k tkrk gsSaA ftlesa 12 xkaoks ds
yksxks dks Hkkstu djok;k tkrk gSA xkao es cMs QSlyks ds fy, 12 xkzao o blls T;knk
xkzoks ds eqf[k;ks ds e/; Qslyk fd;k tkrk gsSA

12. Attitudes and Values :-

;gka ij vHkh Hkh la;qDr ifjokj izFkk gSA vksj xkao es ,d nwljs ds nq%[k Hkh ‘’kkfey gksrs
gsS yMdh dks vHkh Hkh de iMkrs gsSA 10&14 oÔZ dh gksrs gh ’kknh djuk t:jh gsSA ifjokj
fu;kstu dk fcYdqy izkFkfedrk ugh gssS pkgs fdrus Hkh cPps gks tk;s yMdh & yMdk dh
‘’kknh eka cki fg r; djrs gsSA
?kj ds t;knkrj Qlys ?kj ds iq:”k gh djrs gS 'kknh ds fy, ftles yMds dh mez de
gksrh gS vksj yMdh dh mez T;knk gksrh gS efgykvks vksj yMfd;ks dkas dksbZ vktknh ugh
gSA vksSj oks ?kj ij gh jgrh gS ?kj ds egRoaiw.kZ fu.kZ; ?kj dk eqf[k;k iq:”k gh ysrk gSA

2

Under standing community priorities

Xkkao es 2 okMZ iap gsS ftues 1 efgyk o 1 iq:”k gsS vksj efgykvk ds S.H.G. Lkewg cus
gq,s gsS tks vkaxuckMh rFkk nwljk n’kd laLFkk ds efgyk eap ls tqMh gwbzZ gsS dqN efgyk,
Ldwy dh SMC desVh eas Hkh tqMh gqbZ gSASa ysfdu budk izR;sd Lrj ij jksd uxU; jgrk gsS
dksbZ Hkh fu.kZ; fcuk ifjokj ds eqf[;k fd lykg ds fcuk ugh ysrh gsS Finacial lewgks es
t:j mudh lfdz; Hkkxh nkjh jgrk gsS D;ksfd mUgs isls feyrs gsSA
;qokvks dks ,d ;qok eap xkzo es cuk gqvk gSS ftles 15 lnL; vksj nwljk n’kd rd
ek/;e ls mudh fu;fer csBds gksrh gS ;g ;qok eap lfdz; :i ls dk;Z djrk gS xkzao dh
leL;k o lqfo/kkvks ds fu;fer ds fy, la?kÔZ djrs gS NkszVh eksVh leL;k,s ;s [kqn igy
dj ny dj ldrs gssS iq:”kks esa ,d fdlku Dyc cuk gS tks d`fÔ ls tqMh ;kstukvksa vksj
lwpukvks ij dke djrs gS ysfdu d`f”k i;Zoas{kd dh deh dHkkj gh cSBd djrk gS vksj
tks fu"dz; gh jgrs gSSA
4 Social determinants of health and inter sectoral collaboration
cMksyh xkao es ihus ds ikuh es IyksjkbM dh vf/kdrk ds dkj.k tksMs nnZ]vksj ckW; dh
leL;k gsS rFkk eksleh chekfj;ka ftles mYVh nLr dh leL;k jgrh gS cPpks es dqiks”k.k
gssS vksj efgykvks es [kqi dh deh vksj ’osr iznj dh leL;k izeq[k gsSA ;gk ij T;knk
rfc;r [kjkc gksus ij gh MkWDVj ds ikl yksx tkrs gS ftlds dkj.k vLirkyks es ,dne
HkhM jgrh gS ;k fQj [kkyh jgrs gsSA
Lkeqnk; es vkfFkZd vksj lkekftd m¡p uhp nksuks gSA vyx &vyx ifjokj ftuds jgu
lgu ds Lrj es QdZ gS 30&40 o”kZ igys fdlh rjg Hksn ugh FkkAlHkh lekt es
feydj jgrs gS ;s ysfdu esoks es lekt ds dkj.k eqfLye /keZ ds izfr T;knk vkLFkk nh gSA
lHkh ds ikl tehu gS ysfdu fdlh dsikl T;knk fdlh ds ikl de gS blfy, vkfFkZd

Hksn Hkh gS xkao dh lkekftd ‘’kfDr 10&15 ifjokjks ds ikl gS oks xkao ds fu.kZ;ks dks
izHkkfor djrs gsSA
ljdkj }kjk LokLF; gsrw O;olk; dj ldrh gSA ysfdu yksxks es tkx:drk ds vHkko ds
dkj.k mu lsokvks dks ysus es tkx:drk ugh gSS mUgs ugh irk fd ANM ds D;k dke lc
Center dk D;k dke gS fdrus ?k.Vs [kqyrk gsSA PHC dksulk gsS]vkaxuckMh es D;k Qk;ns
gSA tkx:drk ds vHkko es oks LokLF; lsok ugh es ikrs gSA oks flQZ xkao ds ikl izkbosV
MkWDVj ;k vLirky ess tkrs gSA
Xkkao es MkWDVj es ikl T;knk gkykr [kjkc gksus ij gh fn[kk;k tkrk gsS og Hkh vizf’k{kr
MkWDVjks ds ikl l cog MkWDVj xaHkhj gkyr gS jsQj djrk gS rks ’kgj ds izkbosV
vLrirky es ejht fn[kkrs gS mlds fy, oks tehu cspdj bykt djkrs gSA xaHkhj voLFkk
es gh MkWDVj ds ikl yksx tkrs gSA
xk¡o es ftudh vkfFkZSd fLFkfr Bhd gS os Hkh xaHkhj chekjh ls xzflr gksr gS D;ksfd xk¡o esa
?kjks ds vkl ikl ikuh Hkjk jgrk gS ?kj dk dwMk dpjk ?kj ds lkeus dh Mkyrs gSA xkascj
dk nsj Hkh ikl gh Mkyrs gSA 2&3 ?kjks es gh ’kkspky; gsS ?kjks es vkl ikl gh ‘’kksp ds
dkj.k xUnjh T;knk jgrh gSa ;gka cnyrs eksle es chekjh Qsyuk vke ckr gS eqfLyre
ifjokjks dh vf/kdrk o bues lkQ lQkbZ ds vHkko ds dkj.k buds cPpks o efgykvks es
T;knk chekjh;ks gksrh gsS
xk¡o es tgka yksx jgs gsS ogka muds ?kjks ds vkl ikl o lkeus ikuh Hkjk jgrk gS ftlls
ogka dhpM dh fLFkfr j[krh gsS z?kjks es Ik’kqikyrs gSA vksj ogh Hkkstu cukuk o [kkuk ]dpjk
Mkyuk vke ckr gS ftlls ;gka eD[kh ePNj dh izeq[krk gS ‘’kksp djus ds ckn gkFk
/kksuk O;ogkj es ugh gSA ;fn ;gka ?kjks es lks[krs x<Ms o ’kkspky; cu tk;s rks chekjh;ks
ij dkQh jksdFkke gks ldrk gSA
;fn yksxks es LokLF; ds izfr tkx:drk ykbZ tk;s vksj ‘’kkspky; fuekZ.k xkao es ukfy;ks
dh O;oLFkk gks vksj LoLF; drkZvks }kjk f’kfoj vk;kstu djuk blls LokLF; fLFkfr
lq/kjsxh
Xkkao es A NM o vkaxuckMh dk;ZdrkZvks }kjk fu;fer csBd dh tk;s o LokLF; dks
izHkkfor djus okys dkj.kks dks yksxks dks tkudkjh nsA LokLF; ls tMs laLFkku ljdkjh o
xSj ljdkjh laLFkkvks }kjk tkx:drk casBd djuh pkfg,A CykWd Lrj ij nokvks o
MkWDVjks dh miyC/krk gksA blds vykok LFkkuh; Lrj ij lMd ukyh cuokuk ftllas
xUnxh nwj gks ftll ij xkz-i- dh Hkwfedk c<s ftyk Lrj ij mudh eksfuVfjax gks jkT;

Lrj ij LFkkuh; leqnk; dh t:jr ds vuqlkj ] P.H.C , C.H.C ij nok,s miyC/k
djokuh gksxh ftlls t:jh nok,s yksxks rd igqWpAs
Xkzka-ia- P.H.E.D. ICDCS N.R.H.M. vksj LoLF; ls twMs laLFkkudks dks feydj viuk
viuk nkf;Ro dks iwjk djsxs rks LokLF; dh cgrjh gksxhA
Understanding Commnitiy priorities
A. Livelyhood :cMksyh xko ds yksx [ksrh ij fuHkZj gsSA dqN ifjokjks ds
lnL; Vªd MkbZojh djrs gsSA dqN ifjokj iyk;u dj iatkc]xqtjkr ]dikl
rks<us gsrq etnqjh gsrq tkrs gSA ,lh leqnk;ks ds yksx LFkkfu; [ksrks esa etnwjh
djrs gssS ;gka efgyk,s [ksrh dk;Z djrh gSA o iq:"k yksx [ksrksa esa dk;Z ugh
djrs gSA efgykvks dh etnqjh iq:"kksa dh rqyuk esa de gksrh gsS ;g o"kZ es nks
ckj [ksrh isnk gksrh gsSA [kjhc dh Qlyks Xokj] Tokj ]cktjk] jch dh Qlyks es
xasgw ]ljlks o tks cksbZ tkrh gsSA [ksrh dk dk;Z oÔkZ ij fuHkZj djrk gSA vizsy
ls tqykbZ rd [ksrh dk;Z ugh gksrk gSS A bl nksjku yksx ?kj ij gh jgrs gsSA
Ekfgyk,s ?kj dk;Z xqnMh cukuk o ?kjsyw dk;ksZ es O;Lr jgrh gSsA ;gka ij oÔZ
Hkj dk iz;kIr ek=k es vukt iasnk gks tkrk gSA ftlls mudks T;knk fpark ugh
gksrh gSA blds vykok Ik’kqvks HkSal dk ikyu djrs gSA ftldk nq/k cspdj ?kj
dk [kpzZ pykrh gS 'kknh fookgksa es ngst dk pyu gSA ftles vf/kdrj dtZ
fy;k tkrk gsSA tks LFkkfu; lkgwdkjks ls fy;k tkrk gSA
B. Education : xkao ds yksxksa dk f’{kk Lrj cgqr de gSA ysfdu oksa vius cPpksa
dks i<+kuk pkgrs gSaA xkao dk Ldwy d{kk 05 rd gSA yM+dksa dh vis{kk xkao esa
yM+fd;ka i<+us esa T;knk :fp ysrh gSaA ysfdu mudks 05oha d{kk ls vkxs ugha
i<+;k tkrk gSA tcfd yM+dksa dks Qsy gksus ds ckn Hkh i<+k;k tkrk gSA yM+dksa
dks ngst dh [kkfrj tcjnLrh i<+k;k tkrk gSA xkao dh Ldwy esa xkao okys
dHkh dHkkj gh Ldwy esa ns[kus ds fy, tkrs gSaA tSls x.kra= fnol] Lora=rk
fnolA xkao ds yksx Ldwy dks flQZ ljdkjh Ldwy ekurs gSaA v/;kidksa ds
le; ij Ldwy ugha vkus o f’k{k.k dk;Z Bhd ugha djkus ij Hkh mUgsa dqN ugha
dgrs gSaA ,l ,e lh lnL; Hkh Ldwy esa ugha tkrs gSa vkSj uk gh cSBdksa esa
’kkfey gksrs gSa vkSj uk gh f’k{kk ds csgrjh ds fy, dksbZ iz;kl djrs gSaA xkao
ds le`) yksx vkB fdeh nwj y{e.kx<+ ds futh fon~;ky;ksa esa Hkstrs gSaA xkao
dh Ldwy esa ,d Hkh efgyk v/;kid ugha gSA

C. Health : xkao esa yksx LokLF; ds izfr brus tkx:d ugha gSA oks chekj gksus
ij LFkkuh; nqdku ls gjs iRrs dh xksyh & MkbDyksQkbu dk iz;ksx djrs gSaA
mlls Qk;nk ugha gksus ij LFkkuh; izSfDV’kujksa ls nok ysrs gSaA mlld Hkh
vkjke ugha feyus ij vLirky esa HkrhZ djkrs gSaA rc rd gkykr T;knk fcxM+
tkrs gSaA dbZ ckj gkykr brus ;knk fcxM+ tkrs gSa fd mUgsa vyoj ;k t;iqj
jSQj fd;k tkrk gSA efgyk,a LokLF; ds izfr T;knk /;ku ugha nsrh gSaA muesa
Losr iznj] T;knk CyhfMax vkfn dh leL;k jgrh gSA efgykvksa dks rc MkWDVj
ds ikl ys tk;k tkrk gS] tc oksa dke djuk can dj nsrh gSaA
D. Basic Amenities ; xako esa ihuss ds ikuh dh leL;k gSA ;gka ds ikuh esa
[kkjkiu gS rFkk Q~yksjkbM dh ek=k cgqr T;knk gSA xkao esa nks lkoZtfud Vadh
gSa tks pkyw gkyr esa gSaA dqN ifjokjksa ds ikl futh V~;wcoSy gSaA xkao esa ikuh
ds fudkl dh dksbZ O;oLFkk ugha gSA ikuh ?kjksa ds vkl&ikl o lM+dksa ij gh
Hkjk jgrk gSA xkao esa dPps o iDds nksuksa izdkj ds edku gSaA iwjs xkao esa dqy
08 ’kkSpky; gh gSaA ’kkSp ds fy, lHkh yksx ckgj tkrs gSaA NksVs cPps ?kj ds
vkaxu esa gh ’kkSp djrs gSaA ?kj ds dwM+s&dpjs o xkscj dks ?kj ds vkl&ikl
dh Mkyrs gSaA xkao esa eksckby Qksu dh Hkh lqfo/kk gSA vf/kdrj yksx eksckby
j[krs gSaA efgykvksa dks Vh oh ns[kuk euk gSA ?kj dh efgyk,a vf/kdrj [ksrh o
?kj ds dkeksa esa O;Lr jgrh gSaA [kkyh le; esa xwnM+h o ia[ks cukus esa O;Lr
jgrh gSaA
5- Framework for a Situational analysis :
1. Assesment of the health district :
(a) Geography –HkkSxksfyd n`f"V ls vyoj ftyk vjkoyh dh igkfM+;ksa ds chp clk
gqvk gS vkSj vf/kdrj tehu lery gSA ftys dks 14 iapk;r lfefr;ksa esa ckaVk x;k
gSA ftlesa dqy 44 lh ,p lh dsUnz gSA ftyk Lrj ij iq:"k] efgyk o f’k’kq
vLirky rhuksa gSaA blds vykok Vh ch vLirky rFkk Vªksek lSUVj vHkh cudj rS;kj
gqvk gS tks vHkh pkyw ugha gqvk gSA bu vLirkyksa esa fu%’kqYd nok o tkap dh
lqfo/kk ljdkj }kjk nh tk jgh gSA tujy vLirky o f’k’kq vLirky Hkou o
lqfo/kk,a Bhd gSaA ysfdu efgyk vLirky dk Hkou o lqfo/kk,a Bhd ugha gSaA ogka
dkQh xanxh o vO;oLFkk,a ekStwn gSaA ftys esa xfeZ;ska esa ekSleh chekfj;ksa dk izdksi
vf/kd jgrk gSA vkl ikl dh ih ,p lh o lh ,p lh ij csgrj o;oLFkk,a u gksus
o MkWDVjksa dh deh ds dkj.k ftyk vLirky vyoj esa T;knk ejht vkrs gSaA

ftlls dbZ ckj ejhtksa dk Q’kZ ij bykt fd;k tkrk gSA ;gka mYVh nLr o gStk
o eysfj;k ds T;knk ejht HkrhZ gksrs gSaA ljdkj }kjk Vksy Qzh ua- 108 Mk;y dj
,EcwySUl lsok vkikrdkyhu fLFkfr esa ejht ykus ds fy, o 104 tuuh ,Dliszl
Vhdkdj.k o xHkZorh efgyk dks vkikr fLFkfr esa vLirky rd ykus ds fy, lqfo/kk
ns j[kh gSA
(b) PHC Intera : cMksyh xkao bZaVsM+k LokLF; dsUnz ls tqM+k gqvk gS ftlesa dqy 30 xkao
’kkfey gSaA 10 lclSUVj blds v/khu vkrs gSaA vLirky dk Hkou Bhd gkyr esa gSA
;g izkFkfed Lok- dsUnz 10 CkSM dk gS ysfdu 07 cSM gh miyC/k gSaA blh Hkou esa
vk;qosZfnd vLirky Hkh lapkfyr fd;k tk jgk gSA ftlesa ,d MkWDVj lfgr dqy
rhu dk LVkQ gSA ,SyksiSfFkd esa 01 MkWDVj lfgr 12 dk LVkQ gSA blesa ,d Hkh
efgyk MkWDVj miyC/k ugha gSaA 10 esa ls 03 , ,u ,e ds in fjDr gSaA 18 izdkj
dh fu%’kqYd tkap o 125 izdkj dh nok,a fu%’kqYd miyC/k gSaA vLirky esa vkSlru
20 ls 25 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gSaA xkao okyksa dh f’kdk;r gS fd lHkh chekfj;ksa esa
MkWDVj ,d gh rjg dh nok,a nsrs gSaA vLirky esa fMyhojh ugha gksrh gSa vkSj uk gh
fdlh Hkh lc lSUVj ij gksrh gSaA
(c) CHC Laxmangarh : y{e.kx<+ esa Hkou dh gkyr Bhd voLFkk esa ugha gSaA
vLirky esa txg&txg IykLrj gVk gqvk gS o lhyu gSA lQkbZ O;oLFkk Hkh Bhd
ugha gSA vLirky esa dqN dejs fuekZ.kk/khu gSaA ;gka ij 220 izdkj dh nok,a o 36
tkap fu%’kqYd miyC/k gSaA vLirky esa dqy 04 MkWDVj gSaA ftuesa vf/kdrj
vuqifLFkr jgrs gSaA ;gka vkSlru 140 ls 170 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gSaA bl dsUnz esa
14 ,p vkbZ oh ,M~l ihfM+r ejht jftLVMZ gSaA ;g lkeqnkf;d Lok- dsUnz 50 cSM
dk gSA ysfdu 30 cSM gh miyC/k gSaA ;gka ij efgyk MkWDVj Hkh miyC/k ugha gSaA
ftlls efgyk fMyhojh cgqr gh de ek=k esa gks ikrh gSaA vf/kdrj 50 fdeh nwj
vyoj gh tkik djkrs gSaA y{e.kx<+ esa dqy nks futh vLirky gSa o djhc 15
izkbZosV fDyfud gSa ftuesa dqN rks fcuk fMxzh ds lapkfyr gSa tks vke turk dk
vkfFkZd ’kks"k.k djrs gSa rFkk dbZ ckj mfpr ijke’kZ o bykt ugha ns ikus ds dkj.k
ejht dh gkyr [kjkc gks tkrh gSA y{e.kx<+ esa dksbZ Hkh ,u th vks LokLF; ij
dk;Z ugha dj jgk gSA ;gka ij vkl ikl LFkkuh; VªsfM’kulZ] ghylZ gM~Mh tksM+us
dk dk;Z jaMokiwB] lkai ds dkVus dk bykt vM+kSyh] ekSfy;k] ’osr iznj dk bykt
rkyM+k esa djrs gSaA LokLF; dh csgrjh ds fy, xzke iapk;r lnL; Hkh dksbZ
Hkkxhnkjh ugha j[krs gSaA vf/kdrj Ldwyksa esa v/;kid gh xqVdksa o rEckdw dk lsou
djrs gSaA i;kZoj.k LokLF; ds izfr ljdkj }kjk dksbZ ;kstuk lapkfyr ugha gSaA
vkaxuokM+h o lkoZtfud forj.k iz.kkyh ij Hkz"Vkpkj cgqr O;kIr gSA ftys esa

ekufld LokLF; ds fy, flQZ dkmalyj dh O;oLFkk gSA ysfdu mipkj miyC/k
ugh gSaA xkao esa vf/kdrj ekufld jksxh dks ikxy gh le>k tkrk gSA

Physical Aspects :- cMksyh xk¡o easa eqleku eso]jktiqr] dqekor vkSj gfjtu tkfr
ds dqy 184 ifjokj fuokl djrs gSA bu lHkh leqnk;ks esoks ds ifjokj vf?kd la[;k esa
gSA;s lHkh ifjokj vius vius leqnk;ksa ds egYyksa ds vuqlkj cls gq, gSA xk¡Wo es buds
edku dPps]v)ZiDds vkSj iDds cus gq, gSA iwjs xk¡o esa cuh gqbZ lMdks ds fdukjs ij
larj uwek cLksa gq,asA

xk¡o esa la;qDr ifjokj izFkk gSa rFkk xk¡o ds vf/kdka’k yksx d`fÔ djrs gSsAxk¡o ds 40&50
ifjokj vyx &vyx <ka.kh (ekstiqj dk ckl o iqjkuk ckl esa cls gq,s gsSa ysfdu lkoZtfud
dk;ksZ es lHkh dh Hkkxsnkjh jgrh gSA
foHkktu ls iwoZ bl xk¡o esas 25 efqLye ifjokj jgrs FksA foHkktu ds ckn os ikfdLrku pys
x;s FksAtkoyh ds jktk us dkyk igkM ls mUgh ifjokjks dks okfil ykdj xk¡o esa clk;k
jktiqr ifjokj ikl xk¡o tkoyh ls vkdj clsa gSa eso ifjokj ds yksxks dks ;gka ij tehu
vkaoVu dj clk;k x;kA
tkoyh fj;klr esa lcls cMk xko gksus ds dkj.k bl xk¡o dk uke cMksyh iMkAxk¡o es
lkekftd ’kfDr esao o jktiqrks ds ikl gSA xk¡o ds eq[; Qslys eso o jktiqr gh djrs
gSA fookg lekjksg esa lHkh yksx ’kkfey gksrs gSa f’k{kk dh fLFkfr es eso ifjokj fiNMs gq,sa
gSA

Infrastructure:- cMksyh xk¡o dBwej jksM ls 2 fdyksehVj nwj dPph lMd ls tqMk
gqvk gSA y{ke.kx< ls bldh nwjh 6 fdyksehVj gSA
Yk{e.kx< ls futh lk/ku ih&di ]thi o o futh cls Hkh tkrh gSA ftudk dksbZ le;
fu/kkZfjr ugh gSA jq[; lMd ls xk¡o rd 2 fdyksehVj iSny ;k=k djuh iMrh gSAxk¡o esa
fctyh O;oLFkk gSA ftlesa flaXyQsl 15 ?k.Vs o 3 Qsl 6 ?kaVs vkrh gSA xk¡Wo es yxHkx 35
feVj dusD’ku gSA rFkk ckdh ifjokj pksjh ls fctyh tykrs gSA

xk¡o es yksx eksckby j[kr gS vodaphone’Aritel’ BSNL’ usVodZ dh csgrj igqap
gSAxk¡o es yxHkx lHkh ifjokjks ds ikl tehu gSA jktiqrks o eoks ds ikl tehu tknk gSA
;gka ifjokj ds lnL; la[;k ds fglkc ls edku la[;k de gSA ftlls ,d edku esa
8&10 lnL; thou ;kiu djrs gSA
xk¡o es vf/kdrj yksxks ds edku iDds gSaA ysfdu 70&80 eso ifjokjks ds edku dPps gSA
Patterns of Settlement :- ;g xk¡¡o 06 km ds nk;js esa clk gqvk gSA
xk¡o esa lHkh
leqnk;ks ds yksx feydj jgrs gSA vkSj xk¡o dh leL;kvks dk fuiVkjk lHkh yksx feydj
djrs gSA vf/kdrj yksx d`f”k djrs gSArks ,d nwljs ds dk;ksZ es enn djrs gSA xk¡o ds
lHkh yksxks ds ikl Qly cksus ftruh tehu gSaA jktiqr tkfr ds yksxs ds ikl tehu
vf?kd gSA blfy, eso ifjokj ds yksx jktiqrks ds [ksrksa esa Qly dh dVkb dks yssdj
etnwjh djrs gS xk¡ao esa uhph tkfr gfjtu xk¡ao ds ckgj nwj esa jgrsa gSaA xk¡o esa lHkh tkrh
ds yksx eksgYyks es cls gq,s gSA esao tkrh ds yksx dbzzZ eksgYyks esa cls gq;s gSA

DemograPhY
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

0&6 o”kZ
yMdk
yMdh
dqy
iq:”k
efgyk,sa
170
103
273
903
751
Xkkao eaas efgyk o iq:”k vuqikr 1000 iq:”k vksj 874 efgyk,as gSA

Dqy
1654

;gka ij f’k{kk dk Lrj lHkh leqnk;ksa esa de gSA ysfdu ;gka ij jktiqrksa esao ’ksf{kd fLFkfr
Bhd gSA eso dE;qfuVh esa f’k{kk ds izfr tkx:drk de gSA ;gk ij esao lekt esa efgyk
f’k{kk dh fLFkfr cgqr detksj gSA;gka ij esokrh Hkk”kk vkSj fgUnh Hkk”kk izeq[k :Ik ls
cksyh tkrh gSA
5 histoiry cMksyh xkao iqu% clk;k gqvk xkao gSA ;g xkzao ,d mps Hkkx ij clk gqvk
gSA 1947 ds iwoZ ;gka [kkutknk eqfLye ds 25 ifjokj fuokl djrs FksA ysfdu 1947 ds

le; ;s lHkh ifjokj dkyk igkM pys x;s Fks ckn esa tkoyh ds jktk us bUgh ifjokjks dks
dkyk igkM ls okfil ykdj clk;k x;k FkkA vkSj jktiwr ikl gh ds xk¡¡o tkoyh vkdj
cls Fks A] leqnk; esa ;gka igys lHkh tkfr /keZ ds yksx fgUnw R;kSgkj vkSj ijEijk ekurs
FkasA ftuesa gksyks dk iwtu gksyh fnokyh j{kk cU/ku eukrs FksA eqfLye R;ksgkj de gh ekurs
FkSA vksSj igys xk¡ao esa ,d ;k nks dq,s Fks lHkh yksx ogh ls ikuh ihrs Fks feydj mldh
lkQ lQkbZ djrs Fkas lHkh ds R;kSgkj vkSj fookg lekjksg es lkfey gksrs Fks fdlh rjg dk
fookn xk¡o esa ugh gksrk FkkA NksVs eksVs fooknks dks vius Lrj ij lqy>k fy;k tkrk FkkA
;gka fgUnqvks vksj eqfLye esa e`R;q Hkkst fd;k tkrk gsSA ysfdu eqfLyeksa es tekr ds dkj.k
eqfLye laLd`fr o R;ksgkjks esa dVjrk ns[kh xbZ gSA ftlesa iwoZ esa R;ksgkjks dks eukuk NksMs
fn;k gsS r ysfdu vc fLFkfr cny xbZ gSA vc fooknks Fkkus rd tkrs gsS xkao pkj lewgks esa
cV x;k gSA blls xkao dh jktuhfrd o vkilh fj’rksa ij vlj gqvk gSA ftlds dkj.k
xkao eas vHkh Hkh erHksn gSA;gka xkao eas ihus ds ikuh dh leL;k gSA ;gk ljdkj }kjk
lkoZtfud Vadh yxh gqbZ gs ysfdu vkilh fooknks dkj.k pkyw gkyr esa ugh gSA blfy,
xk¡o ds yksxks dks ikuh dh leL;k dk lkeuk djuk iMrk gS ftlds fy;s 02km nwj dwvkSa
ls ikuh ykuk iMrk gS A Qrsyk [kk¡u vkSj rst flag jkBkSM ls tc tkudkjh yh xbZ tks
mUgksus crk;k ds igys yksx xkao dk Hkyk lksprs Fks ysfdu vc LokFkZ c< x;k gSA vc
yksx fdlh Hkh rjg ls isls dekuk pkgrs gSA pkgs og rjhdk xyr gh D;ks uk gksA
6. Community Leader
Xkako eaas lHkh tkfr;ka ls izeq[k ifjokj ds eqf[k;k cuk j[aks gSA ftues jktiwr o eso dqekorks
ds izeq[k ifjokjks ds cqtqxksZ ds }kjk Qsalyk fd;k tkrk gSA rFkk xkao ds eqfLyeks ds eksyoh
eqfLye ifjokjks o xkao Qslyks dks izHkkfor djrs gSA blds vykok izeq[k Qslyks esa iapks o
ljiap dh lykg Hkh yh tkrh gSA
eqfLye ifjokjks esa yMdh f’k{kk o efgykvksa ls cMs Qslys cwtqxZ yksx o eksyoh djrs gsS
fdruk yMfd;ks dks i<kuk gSA efgykvks dks D;k djuk pkfg, D;k ugh A

7. Community culture
;gka ij iq:Ô iz/kku lekt O;oLFkk gSA vkSjrks ?kj dk dke o [ksrksa dk dke djrh gS vkSj
iq:Ô yksx ckgj dks dk;Z]etnwjh djrs gSA efgyk o yMdh dks igys fcYdqy ugh iMk;k
tkrk Fkk ysfdu vHkh Hkh 10 oh ls vkxs cgqr de i<k;k tkrk gSA orZeku es 10 oh ds
ckn yMdh;k i<rh gSA dksbZ Hkh yMdh o efgyk ljdkjh uksdjh es ugh gSA xkao eas

efgyk o iq:Ô HkasnHkko cgqr T;knk gS vkSjrs ?kw?kV fudkyrh gSA yMdh o efgykvkS dks
?kj dh bTtr le>k tkrk gSAs blfy, vkxas i<kbZ ugh djokbZ tkrh gSA 8 ls 14 o”kZ
dh vf/kdre vk;q esa yMfd;ks dh ‘’kknh dj nh tkrh gSA eqfLye ifjokjks esa ngst dks
p;u vzc cgqr c< x;k gSA ftlesa V`SdVj ]QkWjohyj o udnh nsuk vke ckr gks xbZ vksj
buds fcuk ’kknh dks Bhd ugh ekuk tkrk gSA [ksrh dh Qly dk lkjk :Ik;k iq:Ô gh
r; djrs gSA fdl ij [kpkZ djuk gsSA efgyk dls blfy, vktknh ugh nh tkrh gSA;fn
mls NwV ns nh tk;s rks gels tcku yMk;sxh blfy, caqtqxkasZ dk ekuuk gS fd vksjrs iSj
dh twrh gSA bls nckdj j[kuk pkfg, ysfdu dqN eqfLye ifjokj ’kkfn;ks esa ngst izFkk
dks xyr ekurs gS D;ksfd ftlds T;knk ngsr ugh ns ldrk gSA
;gka eqfLye efgyk, ulcUnh ugh djokrh gS vkSj bl rjg dk dk;Z djus ij mls xqukg
le>k tkrk gSA vkSj laRkku dks vYykg dh nsu le>k tkrk gSA
8. Existing Group :Xkkao esa S.H.G. lewg cus gq,s gSA uothou ]ca/kau lewg tks finance dk dk;Z djrs gSA
laLFkkuk dk;Z dj jgs gSA tks 2 izfr lSdMs lsl C;kt ij jkf’k fdLrks esa ysrs gSA blds
vykok 05 oh rd xkao esa Ldwy gS] vksj ;g vkus okys le; esa 08 oha rd gksus dh vkl
gSA ikl ds xkao tkoyh esa subcecter gS tkoyh esa gh 12 oha rd Ldwy gSA xkao esa
vkaxuckMh dsUnzz Hkh gS A enjlk cksMZ dh Ldwy Hkh gSA bl Ldwy esa cPpksa dks Ldwyh o
bLykeh f’k{kk nh tkrh gSaA
blds vykok efLtnks es eqfLye cPps gsrw eksyoh }kjk bLykeh f’k{kk nh tkrh gSA

9.economis
xkao ds yksx vf/kdrj [ksrh dks dke djrs gsS vksj yxzHkx lHkh ifjokjks ds ikl tehu gS
Qlyks ds mRiknu ij vkenuh gksrh gS ml ds vykok lHkh ifjokj HkSal ikyrs gSa vksj nw/k
csprs gssS dqN ifjokj ds lnL; ckgj Mªkbojh djrs gsS A xkao es esos ds ikl VªDVj Hkh gS
dqN yksx gh ljdkjh uksdjh es gsSA ftlesa 1 Qkst]01 v/;kid ykbZuesu Hkh gsSA esoks ds
ifjokj vf/kdrj etnwjh djrs gsSA vksj xjhc Hkh gS oks nwljks ds [ksrks esa Hkh dke djrs gsS
rFkk 10 ifjokj ckgj iatkc]xqtjkr es dikl rksMus gsrq 4 ekg iyk;u ij tkrs gsSA
eqfLye ifjojks es [ksrh djus okys ifjokjks es efgyk,s gh [ksrks ij gh dke djrh gsSA rFkk

Hkslks dh ns[kHkky djrh gsS rFkk iq:”k dke djrs gsS vksj vUr es iwjs iSls ij gd iq:”k
dk jgrk gS vksj mlh ds gkFk es isls jgrs gss xkaoesa ;gka vf/kdrj xsgw¡W ] tkS z ljlksa ]cktjk
]Xokj ] vjgj dk mRiknu izeq[k :Ik ls gksrk gsSA
10. Government/Politics
;gka ij yksxks esa tkx:drk dh deh gS vksj jktuhfrd idM de gS jktdh; deZpkjh
vius rjhds ls dk;Z djrs gS Axzke iapk;r esa lcls cMk gksus ds ckotwn Hkh ;gk¡ ij dksbZ
ljiap ugh gqvk gSA tcfd yksd lquokbZ vf/kdkj (R.T.H.) ds vuqlkj izfrfnu xzk-iaHkou 4 ?k.Vs [kqyuk pkfg, yksxks es tkx:drk ugh gSA
11. Social Structure:Xkao es ns[kus es lHkh tkfr o leqnk;ks esa vkilh cgqr lq>ko gsS ,d nwljs ds R;ksgkjks
‘’kkfn;ks esa ‘’kkfey gksrs gsS ysfdu dqN eqfLye ifjokjks es aeaso leqnk; pkj lewg es cVk
gqvk gsSA xkao eas pkj efLtnsa cuh gqbZ gSA igys yksx ,d gh efLtn es auokt i<us vkrs
FksA ysfdu vkUrfjd :I ls oks ,d nwljs ls dVko eglwl djrsa gSA ngst ysuk o nsuk o
‘’kkfn;ks es ,d nwljs ls [kpZ es gksM djrs gS vkSj tks yMds dh ‘’kkfn es T;knk
xkfM;k ys tkrs gsS vksj mls T;knk ngst feyrk gsS og vius vkidks nwljs ls gkbZ QkbZ
le>rk gsS ,d c< p< ,d nwljs ls T;knk [kpZ djrs gsS tcfd oks iwjh rjg [ksrh ij
fuHkZj gsS vksj vk; ds brus lalk/ku ugh gsSA eqfLye leqnk; ds yMds dks vf/kdrj ngst
dh [;kfr ij i<krs gsS ftlls mUgs T;knk ngst fey tk;s vksj ‘’kknh ds ckn oks yMds
100 es ls 20 gh i<rs gsS e`R;qHkkst es Hkh ftls ;gka Qkfr;k cksyrs gsS fsd;k tkrk gsSaA ftlesa
12 xkaoks ds yksxks dks Hkkstu djok;k tkrk gSA xkao es cMs QSlyks ds fy, 12 xkzao o
blls T;knk xkzoks ds eqf[k;ks ds e/; Qslyk fd;k tkrk gsSA
12. Attitudes and Values :;gka ij vHkh Hkh la;qDr ifjokj izFkk gSA vksj xkao es ,d nwljs ds nq%[k Hkh ‘’kkfey gksrs
gsS yMdh dks vHkh Hkh de iMkrs gsSA 10&14 oÔZ dh gksrs gh ’kknh djuk t:jh gsSA ifjokj
fu;kstu dk fcYdqy izkFkfedrk ugh gssS pkgs fdrus Hkh cPps gks tk;s yMdh & yMdk dh
‘’kknh eka cki fg r; djrs gsSA
?kj ds t;knkrj Qlys ?kj ds iq:Ô gh djrs gS 'kknh ds fy, ftles yMds dh mez de
gksrh gS vksj yMdh dh mez T;knk gksrh gS efgykvks vksj yMfd;ks dkas dksbZ vktknh ugh
gSA vksSj oks ?kj ij gh jgrh gS ?kj ds egRoaiw.kZ fu.kZ; ?kj dk eqf[k;k iq:Ô gh ysrk gSA

2 Under standing community priorities
Xkkao es 2 okMZ iap gsS ftues 1 efgyk o 1 iq:”k gsS vksj efgykvk ds S.H.G. Lkewg cus
gq,s gsS tks vkaxuckMh rFkk nwljk n’kd laLFkk ds efgyk eap ls tqMh gwbzZ gsS dqN efgyk,
Ldwy dh SMC desVh eas Hkh tqMh gqbZ gSASa ysfdu budk izR;sd Lrj ij jksd uxU; jgrk gsS
dksbZ Hkh fu.kZ; fcuk ifjokj ds eqf[;k fd lykg ds fcuk ugh ysrh gsS Finacial lewgks es
t:j mudh lfdz; Hkkxh nkjh jgrk gsS D;ksfd mUgs isls feyrs gsSA
;qokvks dks ,d ;qok eap xkzo es cuk gqvk gSS ftles 15 lnL; vksj nwljk n’kd rd
ek/;e ls mudh fu;fer csBds gksrh gS ;g ;qok eap lfdz; :i ls dk;Z djrk gS xkzao dh
leL;k o lqfo/skkvks ds fu;fer ds fy, la?k”kZ djrs gS NkszVh eksVh leL;k,s ;s [kqn igy
dj ny dj ldrs gssS iq:”kks esa ,d fdlku Dyc cuk gS tks d`f”k ls tqMh ;kstukvksa
vksj lwpukvks ij dke djrs gS ysfdu d`f”k i;Zoas{kd dh deh dHkkj gh cSBd djrk gS
vksj tks fu"dz; gh jgrs gSSA

ftyk izksQkby - vyoj

bfrgkl
Hkkjr igys 16 tuin es cVk gqvk Fkk A mlesa ls ,d tuin erL; uxj Hkh Fkk ;gka
fojkV uxj es ik.Mqiksy LFkku ij ik.Moks us ;gka fojkVuxj esa vKkrokl dk le; ;gh
xqatkjk Fkk vyoj dk ‘’kjvkrh uke lkyokiqj lkY oj gyoj jgkz
Tk;iqj ds egkjktk t;flga ds oa’kt vy/kjkt ds iq= dkfdy us jktx< dks viuh
jkt/kkuh cuk;k a lu 1775 es jko izrki flga uS svyoj dh uho j[khSA ftUgksus vkxs tkdjs
jktx< Fkkukxkth ekyk[kswMk vtcxM ek/kksx< ddokjh jkex< y{e.kx< xkksfoUnx<
dks clkdj fdyaks dk fuekzz.k djk;kA
mlds ckn mlds iq= jktk c[rkoj flga us vyoj dk foLrkj fd;k A
1857 ls 1874 rd jktk lksnkuflga
1874 ls 1892 rd jktk eaxyflga
1892 ls jktk t;flga lcls lQy jktk jgs bUgksus gh jktLFkku es lcls igys 16
rgflyks dh tux.kuk djokb FkhA

muds ckn rstflga jktk cus vc orZeku esa jktkvks ds o’kat Hkoj ftrsUnz gas tks dksxzsl
ds [ksy ea=h jg pqds gsaA
Hkkjr vktkn gksus ds ckn 1956 es yky cgknqj ‘’kkL=h us jtLFkku dk ,dhdj.k dj
pkj ns’kh fj;klrks vyoj Hkjriqj /kksyiqj vksj djksyh dks feykdj erL; uxj cuk;k
erL; uxj ls vyx dj orZeku vyoj cuk
Hkkjr es vyoj ftys dh fLFkfr

ftys dh Hkksxkasfyd fLFkfr
Alwar is among the most popular tourist destinations in Rajasthan.
Known as the gateway of Rajasthan , Alwar is located in the northern
part of the state. Spreading
Spreading over an area of 237 meters Alwar boasts of
a rich cultural heritage and historic background.
Situated at a distance of 160 km from Delhi, Alwar happens to be a part
of
the
National
Capital
Region.
Steeped in history and mythology Alwar attracts tourists
tourists from all parts
of the globe. Perfectly reflecting the colorful hues of Rajasthan;
witnessing the rule of several dynasties and cultures.
If you want to visit the city then the best time to do so is during the
winters as the summers are hot and dry in this
this part of the country. The
ideal time to pay a visit to Alwar is from the months of September to
February.

GEOGRAPHY ALWAR
Geography of Alwar comprises of rivers, mountains, plains and semi
semiarid areas. Alwar is geographically situated between 27° 34' Nort
North
Latitude and 76° 35' East Longitude at an elevation of 270 meters above
sea level. Alwar city is spread over an area of 8,380 sq. km, which is
2.45% of the total area of the state of Rajasthan.
The beautiful ranges of the Aravali Hills surround the city, which act as
a natural barrier for the city, protecting it from the harsh and dry winds
during the summer season. The rocky ranges of the Aravallis break the
undulating plateau into fragments.
fragments. The city is adorned with expansive
stretches of dense deciduous forests that are inhabited by rich flora
andfauna. Alwar city is bordered by Gurgaon of Haryana on the North,
on its North-East
East lies the Bharatpur district of Rajasthan and
Mahendragarh of Haryana. The capital city of Jaipur is situated on its
South-Westand
Westand
Dausa
in
the
south.
Around Alwar region, five rivers used to flow but to due to
deforestation and mining activities the rivers dried up. Presently due to
the special initiative of Tarun
Tarun Bharat Sangh, rivers Arvari and Ruparel
were revitalized again by using the traditional water harvesting
methods
vyoj o ’’kgjh xzkeh.k tula[;k

‘

vyoj ftys esa CykWdks dh fLFkfr
dqy 14 CykWd gsSA

]ou {ks=
vyoj dk dqy {ks=Qy 8380 oxZ fdyks- ehVj gSA
ftlesa 1783-65 oxZ fdyks-ij ou gsS dqy 22-75 izfr’kr
vyoj ou foHkkx dks 2 Hkkxkssa es ckWV j[kk gSS
1 ou e.My miou laj{k.k vyoj

dqy {ks=Qy 721-55 oxZ fdyks eh

2 ck?k ifj;kstuk ifjlj dqy {ks=Qy 1062-10 oxZ fdyksa ehVj
Okue.My miou dks 6 jsatks es ckV j[kk gSA
]y{e.kx<] jktx< ]Fkkukzxkth A vyoj] cgjksM ]fd’kux<
bu jsatks es fuEu ouks dh Js.kh gSA
1-fjtoZ ou 244-64 oxZfdyks ehVj
2-jf{kr ou 339-09 oxZfdyks ehVj

3 -voxhdrZ ou 137-82 oxZfdyks ehVj

ftys es Ikkuh ds lkslZ
ih ,p bMh
vyoj fnYyh ,u lh vkj es ‘’kkfey gs ftls 14 mi[k.Mksa es ckVk gSA igys bls rhu
[k.Mks es ckaVk gqvk FkkA
1- vyoj fMfotu

2- cgjksM fMfotu

3- jktx< fMfotu

iz’kklfud n`f"V ls vyoj dks nks Hkkxks es ckVk gS
1- ldZy vyoj

02 ,u lh vkj ldZy

gS.MisEiks dh fLFkfr
‘’kgjh {ksa= && dqy gs.MiEi 848 ftuesa 607 pkyw gS
vyoj]cgjksM ] jktx< ] xksfoUnx<] [ksMyh
xzkeh.k {ks= && 14 i-l- dqy 18064 gs.MiEi
pkyw 13186 gs.MiEi
14 CykWdks ds 2021 xkoksa es ls 1964 xkaoks es foHkkx }kjk xzkm.M okVj ls is;ty miyC/k
djok;k tk jgk gSA
s vyoj eas dgha Hkh dq,s ls ikuh lIykbZ ugh gSA
ftys fuEu ;kstukvks ls ikuh vkiwfrZ gksrh gSA
14 CykWd ikbZi 202

P&T 469 rFkk

T.SS 22

Mk;jsDV lIykbZ

bu ;kstuk ls dqy ykHkkfUor 80 xkWo gS
flVh vyoj
gs.MiEi % 396 FkzhQsl V~;wcosy % 204

flaxy Qsl % 90

mPp tyk’; % 39

LoPN tyk’; % 28
d qy ikuh ds dusDlu 42000
108 yhVj izfr O;fDr miyC/k djok jgs gs vksj 40 fefylu yhVj ikuh mRiknu fd;k
tk jgk gSA
Hkfo"; es izkstsDV Ldhe & 1pEcy izkstsDV

2 ,u lh vkj izkstsDV

Dqy 174-86 djksM ykxr gSA
2-

& ftys esa Hkweh dh mi;ksfxrk 1999 ls 2000 rd
DETAILS

TOTAL HECTARE

1.TOTAL AGRICULTURAL LAND

782897

2.FOREST LAND

69697

3.LAND NOT AVAILABLE FOR CULTIVATION

136001

4. PASTURE LAND

24179

Alwar has an important place in Agriculture production in Rajasthan.
Total geographical area of the district is 7,83,281 hectares which is
about 2.5 percent of the State.
2010- 11 the total cropped area of the district is 8,12,873 hecters. In
Kharif season Bajra, Maize, Jowar, Karif pulses, Arhar, Sesamum,
Cotton, Guar etc. are sown in about 3,29,088 hectare (42%) and in Rabi

season Wheat, Barley, Gram, Mustard, Taramira, Rabi pulses etc. are
sown in about 4,52,527 hectare (58%). The main source of irrigation are
wells and Tube Wells. By 26064 Tube Wells about 192861 hectare area
is being irrigated and by 57196 Wells about 265169 hectares area is
irrigated. By other sources like canals, tanks about 404 hectares area is
irrigated. About 35470 electric motors and 66502 Diesel pump sets are
being used for Irrigation purposes. The normal rainfall for the district is
657.3 mm. The average rainfall in last ten years in the district is 724 mm
07-08

08-09

09-10

10-11

1.Electricity operated 39550

41159

42788

43899

(A) Wells

16076

20124

22749

25974

(B) Tube wells

47766

46147

44520

43684

(A) Wells

47766

46147

44520

43684

(B) Tube wells

22768

20603

20106

18799

3. Well out of use

25155

27629

29940

32088

4.Well in use

62438

59954

57645

55557

5.Area irrigated with
207020
wells(hectare)

179678

141090

132437

6.Area irrigated with
373548
tube wells

301277

347690

345324

(ii) Number of wells & tube wells

2.Operated with diesel

izeq[kQlys
Bajra, Maize, Jower,, ,Guar, Cotton, Arhar

Kharif-

Rabi- Barley, Gram,, Mustard Taramera, Methi.

]vks/kksfxd
EXISTING STATUS OF INDUSTRIAL AREAS (As on 31st Dec, 2010)
S.No. Location

Total Areas in
Plots Developed
Acres

Plots Alloted

Plot
Vacant

1.

M.I.A.

1804.32

701

695

6

2.

M.I.A. Ext., Alwar

201.15

204

196

8

3.

AgroFood Park,
Ext. Alwar

M.I.A.

185.94

203

172

31

4.

MIA (South
Alwar

East),

51.75

13

13

-

5.

Kherli

8.41

27

27

-

6.

Rajgarh

40.59

11

99

12

7.

Khairthal

69.93

134

134

-

8.

Thanagazi

33.12

58

35

23

9.

Old Ind. Area Alwar

179.76

59

59

-

10.

Behror

280.50

263

253

10

11.

Sotanala

151.91

80

80

-

12.

Bhiwadi Phase I to IV

2138.00

1701

1670

31

13.

Khuskhera

825.83

1017

958

59

&

14.

IID, Centre Khuskhera

151.77

479

383

96

15.

Patheri

538.1

115

78

37

16.

Chopanki

802

1107

1038

69

17.

Tapukra

781.44

22

17

5

18.

Shanjahanpur

203.09

190

188

02

19.

Neemrana (Phase I to III) 2125.96

242

238

4

20.

EPIP Neemrana

210.51

220

207

13

21.

Sare Khurd

94.55

61

55

6

22.

Manjara Path (Japanese
1166.33
Zone)

132

45

87

Total

7039

6640

499

12045

MEDIUM AND LARGE SCALE INDUSTRIES
There are 87 large and medium scale industrial units in the district.
Most of them are located in various industrial area of Alwar district,
]vU; O;olk; ]
etnwjh nj ]vkSlr etnwjh ]
2- Tkula[;k dh ’ksf{kd fLFkfr
-

2011

2001

Actual Population

3,674,179

2,992,592

Male

1,939,026

1,586,752

Female

1,735,153

1,405,840

3Description

2011

2001

Literates

1,707,998

474,478

Male Literates

1,083,730

276,099

Female Literates

624,268

198,379

Average Literacy

67.85 %

83.39 %

Male Literacy

82.08 %

91.02 %

Female Literacy

52.16 %

74.67 %

4f’k{kk izkfIr ds L=ksr ,oa {ks= dh eq[; miyfC/k;k
Ldwy
S.No. DESCRIPTION

NUMBER

1.

Primary and Middle School

3885

2.

Secondary and Sr. Higher Secondary School

356

3.

Colleges

33

4.

Agriculture Research Centre

1

5.

Polytechnic College

1

6.

I.T.I.

8

7.

Law College

1

8.

B.Ed. College

4

9.

Rajeev Gandhi Pathsala

553

dkWyst
Name of Govt. Colleges & Private Colleges
S.No.

Name of College

Place/City

1.

RajRishi College

Alwar

2.

Babu Shobharam Arts & Law College

Alwar

3.

Gauri Devi Girls College

Alwar

4.

Shri Dharm Chand Jain Govt. College

Behror

5.

Government College

Rajgarh

6.

Government College

Bibirani

7.

Government College

Govindgarh

8.

Government Polytechnic College

Alwar

Private Colleges 36
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31-03-2013

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M.R G.R
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01
05
07
01
0
01

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168
31
10
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09
09
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Tkula[;k

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G.R
Greval
road
05
06
13
08
05
37

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03
03
01
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05
05
00
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31-03-2014 rd
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19
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32
18
113

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2497

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6
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lapkj O;oLFkk %

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ugh gS nj’kZu o jsfM;ks dk iwjk dojst gS
LoPNrk %
ftys esa LoPNrk fodkl dh ftEesnkjh uxj ifj"kn dh gS ftys esa 30&40 o"kZ iwoZ cus ukys
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M.I.A esa ouLifr ?kh dqUnu o lkjFkh ouLifr ?kh dh QsDVªh gS
;gkW ?kj esa ifjokj dk eqf[k;kW gh dekrk gS ckdh lnL; ?kj ij jgrs gS rFkk [ksr ds
dk;ksZ ij enn djrs gS A
5- ftys dk lkekftd fodkl Lrj
Lkekftd laLFkk,a Lkekftd lgdkjh lfefr;ka lewg iqLrdky; izpkj izlkj ds lalk/ku
fLFkfr jsfM;ks ]Vsfyfotu ]nwjlapkj
ftys es lkekftd fodkl Lrj mpk mBk gs ftles Nqvk Nwr eR;q Hkst o cky fookg es
deh vkbzZ gzs ysfdu bldk lq/kkj xkaoks de gqvk gs eqfLye o ,lhlh leqnk; esa vkt Hkh
cky fookg djrs gsa vkt Hkh yksx v/kafo’oklks dks ekurs g eqfLye leqnk; es ‘’kkfn;ks
es ngst dk pyu cgqr c< x;k ga
Z vkt Hkh ifjokj es iq:l dk gh fu.k; pyrk gs efgykvksa dks [kkl ntkZ izkIr ugh gsa
mUgs s viuh ls [kpZ djus dk vf/kdkj ugh gsa yMfd;ksa dks de gh i<;k tkrk gsa efgyk,
,l ,p th ds ek/;e ls l’kDr gks jgh gsa
Lkekftd laLFkk,
ftys es djhc 200 xssj ljdkjh laLFk, dk;Z dj jgh gssa A tfues cMs Lrj ij ,feM
bZfCrnk bwljk n’kd eral; esokr f’k{kk lfefr ukjh lsok laLFkku f’k{kk ,ao ,l ,p th
ij dk;Z dj jgh gssZA tks vf/kdrj esokr {ks= es dk;Z djrh gaasA eqfLye leqnk; ds cPpks
gsrw ebjls lapkfyr gasSA ftys 510 xzke lgdkjh lfefr;ka lapkfyr gsaA tks xzeh.k {ks= esa
_.k miyC/k djokrh gsa A
ftys esa izR;sd xze iapk;r eq[;ky; ij 478 iqLrdy; lapkfyr gasA rFkk ftyk eq[;ky;
ij 04 lkoZtfud iqLrdy; lwpuk dsUnz ds :I es dk;Z dj jgs gsA
lakLdzfrd fodk’k
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fofHkUu tkfr;ks dh viuh vyx igpku gSA eqfLye lekt esa efgyk, lwB lyokj iguuk

o ukad ugh fNnokuk lksus pkanh ds tsoj iguuk galyh dMh lBds rFkk iq:Lk rSen
ck/kauk vkfnA
blds vykok jkB {ks= dkBsM HkkgRrj rFkk eh.kk okVh {ks= es tjh ls d<s gq,s ?kk?kjk o
ywxMk iguk o vks<k tkrk gSA vyoj es eq[; :Ik ls fgUnh esokrh czt gfj;.koh Hkklk
cksyh tkrh gSA

ikVZ 2

ftys es lHkh leqnk;ks ds ykSx chekj gksrs gSa vLirky o lh,plh Ikh,plh Hkze.k
ds nkSjku eqfLye tkfr ds ykSx T;knk chekj gksrs gSaA D;ksafd oks Mk ads ikl rc
tkrs gS tc chekjh T;knk /ksj ysrh gSaAblfy; ftysw ds ljdkjh o ikzbosV vLirkyks
es bl leqnk; dh la[;k T;knk jgrh gSaA
1- ,llh o eqfLye leqnk; es izlwfr ns[kHkky dh T;knk vko’;drk gS D;ksfd ;s
vkt Hkh iqjkus rjhdks ls gh /kj ij tkik djkrs gSa A izlwfr iwoZ Hkh ;s tkap ugh
djokrs gSaA dbZckj ?kfZed dkj.k gksrs gSa dbZ ckj vkfZFkd dkj.k gksrs gSa LokLFk;
foHkkx ls ANM Hkh ?kj ij de foftV djrh gSA ftlls dbZ ckj cPpk 5 ls 07
ekg es gh cPpk ej tkrk gSA ?kj ij tkik djkus ds ihNs dkj.k PHC Ok CHC ij
efgyk MkDVj dk ugh gksuk Hkh gSaA ysfdu ljdkj }kjk ANM dkss efgykvksa fd
izlwfr vLirky es djkus sgrw ck/; fd;k x;k gSaA
2- vk’kk,a Hkh vius dk;Z dks ,d lkbM ukSdjh fd rjg ns[krh gS os vius ?kjsyw
d;ksZ dks izFkfedrk nsrh gSA
3- {ks= es izR;sd Cykd ij PHC Ok CHC sub center fd O;oLFk gS ysfdu bues
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y{e.kx< jktx< ekyk[ksMk xksfoUnx< cMksnkeso o PHC bZVsMk esa ,d Hkh
efgyk MkDVj ugh gSA blfy;s lHkh yksSx ftyk vLirky es tkrs gSA PHC ij
HkrhZ dh Hkh lqfo/kk gS ysfdu HkrhZ djrs ugh gS D;ksfd MkDVj jkr dks :drs
ugh gSaA izlo ds nkSjku blls lcls T;nk leL;k xHkZorh efgyk dks gksrh gS
A

4- LokLFk; dk;ZdrkZ ANM ds izfr leqnk; ds ykSx lksprs gSa fd ANM flQZ Vhds
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rFkk vkxauckMh dk;ZdrkZ o vk’kk ds ?kjks es gh vkrh gSA rFkk og fu;fer
foftV Hkh ugh djrh gS flQZ Vhdkdj.k ds fn ugh mudks ns[k ysrh gSA
chekfj;k dc ckj ckj vkrh gsS\
ftys esa ekSle ds vuqlkj fcekfj;ka QSyrh gS xehZ es yw mYVh nLr ebZ ls twu rFkk
olkZ _rq esa eysfj;k o ekSleh cq[kkjs tqykbZ ls flrEcj ekg esa vkSj ‘LkfnZ;ksa esa fn’kEcj
ls tuojh ekg esa vLFkek o ’knhZ tqdke vkfn chekfj;ka QSyrh gSaA
1- [kjkc lsgr D;ks gksrh gss\
ykSxks us vius [kku iku dks cny fy;k gS xkaoks esa Hkh vc ykSx nw/k NkN nfy;k
dk mi;kx ugh djrs gSa flQZ pk; ds fy;s gh nw/k j[krs gSa ckdh csp nsrs gSA igys
ykSx ekSle ds vuqlkjs vius [ksrks esa iSnk gksus okyh ewax pkSyk mMn dpjh ikyd esFkh
cFkqvk vkfn LFkkuh; lfCt;ksa ds mi;ksx ls mudh jks izfrjks/kd {kerk vf/kd Fkh A rks
chekfj;ka Hkh de gksrh Fkh ysfdu vc QkLV QwM dk mi;ksx T;knk djrs gSAftlls
muds iks’k.k esa deh vkbZ gS bldk efgykvksa o cPpksa ij T;knk vlj iMk gSA D;ksafd
efgyk, ?kj esa T;knk dk;Z djrh gSsa vkSj mUgs i;kZIr ikSl.k ugh feyus ls os ,fufed
jgrh gSA cPpks dqjdqjs dk vf/kd f[kykuk ftlls cPpk vU; [kkuk ugh [kkrk gS vkSj
og dqiksl.k dk f’kdkj gks tkrk gSA muesa yhoj ls tqMh chekfj;ka gks jgh gSa blds
vykok vkfFkZd fLFkfr detksj gksus ij Hkh‘’kkfn;ksa esa ngst ij T;knk [kpZ djuk
vkfn vfZFZkd dkj.k gSA ykSxks dk [ksrh ij fuHkZjrk o vU; jkstxkj miyC/k ugh gksus ls
vk; lkszr de‘gSA ‘’kgj o‘xkaoks esa ykSx ‘’kjkc dk Hkh mi;ksx djrs gS D;ksafd
ljdkj }kjk izR;sd xzke iapk;r ij Bsds [kksy j[ks gSaA ’kkSp ds ckn gkFk ugh /kksuk
[kqys esa ’kkSp tkuk vkfn Hkh dkj.k gSA

2- ftys es lkekftd oafpr oxZ dh LokLF; leL;k D;k gSA
ftys dh djhc 82 izfr’kr tula[;k xkaoks esa fuokl djrh gSA LokLFk; ds {ks= es
eqfLye o ,l lh ifjokj fiNMs gq, gSa buds fuokl {ks=ks es PHC Ok CHC es MkDVj
ugh gS vkSj efgyk MkDVj rks fcYdqy ugh gS ANM Hkh buds ?kjks esa foftV ugh
djrh gSA budks LokLFk; ls tqMh dksbZ izf’k{k.k o tkudkfj;ka Hkh ugh nh tkrh gSA
[kkl rkSj ij efgykvksa dks T;knk ijs’kkuh gksrh gS D;ksafd oks viuh leL;k,a fdls

crk,A mUgs ‘’osr iznj CysfMxa vkfn dh ijs’kkuh jgrh gS os ‘’keZ dh otg ls viuh
ijs’kkuh crk ugh ikrh gSAmuds ikl jkstxkj ds Hkh Ik;kZIr lk/ku ugh gSa ftlls mudk
vfFZkd Lrj Hkh de gS ifjokj etnwjh o i’kqikyu ij fuHkZj jgrk gSA ;fn ?kj esa ,d
i’kq vkSj ,d efgyk chekj gks tkrh gS rks igys i’kq dk bZykt djkrs gSa efgyk dk
ckn esa bZykt djok;sxsaAefgy, dke Hkh T;knk djrh gSa vkSj mudk bZykt Hkh le;
ij ugh gksrk gSA blls os ,fufed jgrh gSA
ikVZ & 3

D;k lgh gS \ ekstwnk LokLF; iz.kkfy;ks ds lkFk xyr &
ftys dk fjdkMZ Lrj ij izR;sd jktLo xkao 2021 ftles LokLF; iz.kkfy;ksa lss tqMsa gq, gS
ftuesa 36 lh-,p-lh- 122 ih-,p-lh - gSA ftyk Lrj ij lkekU; vLirky esa 2200 ejht
bykt djkus vkrs gS efgyk vLirky ftlesa 250 efgyk,a izfrfnu bykt ds djkus gsrq

vkrh gSA f’k’kq vLirky ftlesa 190 f’k’kq bykt djkus gsrq izfrfnu vkrs gS bSAlds vykok
ftys Hkj esa 36 cMs izk;osV vLirky gSA
Cykd Lrj ij lh-,p-lh- o ih-,p-lh- vLirkyksa esa MkDVjksa dh deh gS bl dkj.k ejhtkss
dk lkjk ncko ftyk vLirky ij jgrk gS blls MkDVj ejhtks dks iwjk le; ugh ns ikrs
gSA vLirky fu/kkZfjr le; ls 5&10 feuV [kksyrs gS tkus gsrq fu/kkZfjr le; ij pys
tkrs gSA xkao Lrj ij vk’kk gS ysfdu og vf/kDrj le; vius ?kj ij gh jgrh gS QhYM
foftV ugh djrh gS ,-,u-,e- Hkh Vhdkdj.k ds fnu gh efgykvksa ls feyrh gS ,-,u-,eviuh lsok,a QhYM esa csgrj rjhds ls o fu;fer ugh ns ikrh gSA ih-,p-lh- esa MkDVj
vf/kDre nks ;k rhu fnu gh vkrs gSA MkDVj dk O;ogkj Hkh ejhtksa ds izfr Bhd ugh gksrk
gSAblfy, leqnk; ds yksx izk;osV vLirky esa MkDVj dks fn[kkuk ilan djrs gSA D;ksafd
MkWDVj ij 150 :- Qhl ysdj Bhd izdkj ls ns[k ysrk gS A tu izfrfuf/k;ksa dks vius
vf/kdkjks ds ckjs esa tkudkjh ugh gS ljiap o iPakk;Rk lfefr lnL; vf/kdrj iSls ls
tqM+h ;kstukvksa ij T;knk /;ku nsrs gS ysfdu LokLF; lsokvksa ij /;ku ugh nsrs gS os
le>rs gS fd ih-,p-lh- o lc lsUVj gekjs {ks= ls ckgj gS blfy, ljiap o iz/kku buls
izxfrZ fjiksZV ugh ysrs gS A oh-,p-,l-,u-lh- o jksxh dY;k.k lfefr esa Hkh MkW- o ,-,u-,etku igpku okys yksxks dks gh ysrs gS A ftlls o mudss f[kykQ dk;Zokgh ugh djrs gS A
blfy, MkW- vius euekuh rjhds ls mifLFkr gksrs gSs A xkWo ds lEiu yksx iz;kosV
vLirkyksa esa bykt djk ysrs gS xjhc ifjokj ljdkj }kjk nh tk jgh Qzh LokLF; lsokvksa
dk ykHk ugh ysa ikrs gS A xzkeh.k {ksa= es lh-,p-,e-vks- ok ch-lh-,e-vks- dh foftV de gh
gksrh gS A jksxh dY;k.k lfefr o oh-,p-,l-,u-lh- dh cSBds dkxtks esa gh gkasrh gS A ih,p-lh- esa MkW- ds vuqifLFkfr esa ,y-,p-oh- gh nok nsrs gS A
ikVZ & 4
LFkkuh; lalk/ku D;k gSA \ vkids laHkkfor Hkkxhnkj dksu gSA
ftys esa ljdkjh LokLF; lalk/ku miyC/k t:j gS ij mudk iwjk mi;ksx ugh gks ik jgk
gS muesa MkW- dh deh gS tgkW ekStwn gS ogkW fu;fer ugh vkrs gS A blfy, vyoj ds
izR;sd xkWo esa ,d izk;osV MkW- fd nwdku t:j feyrh gS A ;s os MkW- gksrs gS tks ,d ;k
nks o"kZ izk;osV vLirky esa lgk;d ;k ckMZok; ds :i esa dk;Z djds vuqHko ysrs gS A
ftuds ikl dksbZ Mhxzh ugh gksrh gS A ;s ckjgoh ;k ch-,- dh i<kbZ dj MkW- ds :Ik esa
izdfVl djrs gS A ;s ejhtks dks gkbZ Mkst nok nsrs gS ftlls mUgsa vkjke fey tkrk gS rks

fQj oks mUgh ls viuk bykt djokrs gS A ;s 20 ls 50 :- esa izR;sd ejht dk bykt
djrs gS A
LFkkuh; Lrj ij gMMh VwVus ds bykt ds fy, jUMokiwV Hkstrs gS oks ns’kh tM+h cwfV;ks ls
bykt djrs gS foftV ds nkSjku tc buls tkudkjh izkIr dh x;h rks pkj ihfM+;ksa ls
gMMh VwVus dk bykt ijaijkxr fd;k tk jgk gS A ;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS
A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj
jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa
lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS
LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa
gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k
dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx
iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A
fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs
gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa
lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS
LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa
gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k
dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx
iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A
fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs
gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa
lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS
LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa
gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k
dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx
iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A
fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs

gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa
lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS
LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa
gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k
dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx
iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A
fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs
gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa
lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS
LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa
gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k
dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx
iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht izfrfnu vkrs gS A
fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt de gh yksx dj jgs
gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh;gkW 20 ls 30 ejht
izfrfnu vkrs gS A fudkls ds fy, xksBM+k dh lykg nsrs gS LFkkuh; Lrj ij ns’kh bykt
de gh yksx dj jgs gS A vf/kdrj yksx iz;kosV vLirkyksa esa gh tkrs gS ftuesa lksyadh
ostUrh lkfu;k nso;kuh gfj’k vkfn vLirkyks esa tkrs gS A ftys Hkj esa 75 ls vf/kd cM+s
iz;kosV vLirky dke dj jgs gS A ftys essa dksbZ Hkh xSj ljdkjh laLFkk dk;Z ugh dj jgh
gS dqN psfjVh vLirky gS ftuesa lar lq[knso 'kgk; gh cgrj o lLrh lsok,W ns jgk gS A
vkWxuckM+h dk;ZdrkZ o vk’kk LFkkuh; Lrj ij LokLF; lsokvks esa viuh Hkkxhnkjh cM+k jgh
gS vU; laLFkk,W bfOrnk ] nwljk n’kd ckyd ckfydkvksa ds lkFk thou dkS’ky ij izf’k{k.k
nsrs gS xkWo esa izlo djkus ij vkus okyh nkbZ dks 251 ls 1100 lkS :- rd fn;k tkrk gS
yM+dk gksus ij diM+s o vukt Hkh fn;s tkrs gS A vf/kdrj izlo ?kjksa ij gh gksrs gS A
Distirct health
dqy
dqy

CykWd 14
CHC 36

dqy PHC 122
dqy sub center
Ekysfj;k lcls T;knk ekyk[ksMk CHC {ks= esa Qsyrk gS blds fy, laHkkfor CykWd
vksj gSA Fkkukxkth jktx< [ksMyh js.kh
ftys es eysfj;k ds 300 dsl gSS
1 Lo;u QY;w dk dsl gS
Vh ch dk lcls T;knk fd’kux< es gSS 600 jksxh gsS tks 25&45 vk;q lewg es gSSA
C.H.C. P.H.C & OTHER VISITS
C.H.C. Rajgarh Visit
 30 Bad
 12 Docter (10 male / 2 Female)
 OPD – 600 Perday
 IPD – 50
 LT- 2
 35 tkWap miyC/k
 25 tkWap izfr fnu gksrh gS vkSj vkSlru 4000 izfr ekg gksrh gSA
 Ekksleh fcekfj;ka gksrh gssS & mYVh ]nLr
 3 o"kZ iwoZ scrub chekjh vector bon Qsyh ftlesa 32 ykasx ejas A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
T.B. vLirky vyoj
MkW- jktsUnz fpVdjk
ftys dks 6 T.B. Unit es ckVk gqvk gSA
 1-vyoj 2-fd’kux< 3-cgjksM 4-Fkkukxkth 5-jktx< 6-xksfoUnx<
 ftys ij 15&20 tkWp gsrw izfrfnu lSEiy vkrs gsSA
 ftys es lcls T;knk . T. Bejht fd’kux< CykWd ds frtkjk {ks= es gsS ftles
eqfLye leqnk; es T;knk gSA

 QsQMs dh Vhch ds T;knk ejht gSA
 ftys esa dqy 1jan 2012 ls 30 jun 2014 rd 11738 ejht jftLVMZ gSA
 MDR T.B. ds 150 ejht gSSA
R.C.H.O.
vkWfQl foftV vyoj ( ftyk iztuu ,oa cky LokLF; vf/kdkjh vyoj )
o lksenRr ekM;k A.S.O. (Assistant staatics officer )
o Vhdkj.k gsrw 1/4/14 ls 31/3/15 rd dqy y{; cPps 83018 gSA
o ftues 90 % y{; izkIr dj ysrs gsSA
o vHkh ‘’kqHk y{eh ;kstuk ‘’kq: dh xbZ gSA yMdh ds tUe ij 2100 :I;s
1 o"kZ Vhdkj.k iwjs djus ij 2100 :I;s vksj 5 o"kZ ij 3100 :I;s fn;s tkrs
gSA
uksV & Vhdkj.k de djkus ds ihNs ds dkj.k
 :Mhokfnrk
 dbZ cPpks dk gksuk
 Je egRo iw.kZ gSA
o 1 vDVwcj 1014 ls 5 Vhdks ds LFkku ij ,d gh osDlhu dk mi;ksx gksxkA
o Eksleh chekjh;ks ds cpko ds fy,s
o Penys Vsilsnt fMI;hfj;k ]ijVwf’k’k]fVVus’k] gsisVkibi
o ;g Vhdk 0&1 o"kZ ds cPpks ds fy, gksxk
o 1 osDlhu 3 le; nsuh gksxh A
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&

P.H.C. bVsMk

Dqy 34 xkao doj

tula[;k

57000

10 lc lsUVj
OPD vksihMh 1 tqykbZ ls 25 tqykbZ rd
vkt dk vksihMh & 30
Twku ekg dk 730
IPD vkbZ ihMh 67 jgs vkbZ ihMh

516

ih,plh vk;qosZn bZVsMk
 OPD twu ekg 395
 vkt dk 11
 PHC {ks= xkao es twu es dqy 56 fMfyojh gqbZ ftues 6 ?kj vksj 52 vLirky esa
gqbZA
vk’kk csBd bVsMk ( eksleh fcekjh ds fu;U=.k gsrq )
MkW- jkds’k pks/kjh
& xgu nLr fu;U=.k i[kokMk losZ izk:Ik ]nLr dk losZ djuk
& ORS ckVuk vksj nok,s nsuk 0ls 5 o"kZ gsrw
&20 vkokl mifLFkr
izk:Ik &&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
Dz-l-

eqf[;k dk uke 0&5 o"kZ ds nLr jksx ls
Dqy cPps

dqiksflr cPps

fooj.k

xzflr cPps

&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
C.H.C. y{e.kx<
Laber Room Visit
Male ulZ &fodzeflag 6 o"kZ vuqHko GNM dkWlZ
LVkQ 2 1 ANM 1 male ulZ

Twku es vLirky es gqbZ fMfyojh 27 tqykbzZ ekg es 28
Tkwu ekg es opd & 4497
IPD & 295
tqykbZ ekg es OPD & 3982
IPDn & 284
Ekkasleh chekjh Qsyrh gS] mYVh ]nLr]lnhZ tqdke
239 nok gksuh FkhS
150 miyC/k gS
vuqHko & vk;ju dh xksyh ls cPpk xzksFk de djrk gSA
vLrirky es 48 ?k.Vs :duk pkfg, ds fdu yksx tcj nLrh pys tkrs gSA
dqy 3 MkWDVj gS 1 LFkkbzZ 2 MsiqVs’ku ij
HIV 20
TB 65 ejht
Ekfgyk vLirky vyoj
csM 350
OPD 250 izfrfnu
IPD 118
fMfyojh 70&80 izfrfnu
88 nok, miyC/k gS
10 okMZ gS
15 efgyk MkWDVj 30 ulZ
JSY ykHk fy;k & fofu;k th
1tqykbZ ls 15 tqykbZ rd
‘’kgjh 105 efgyk,a
Xzkzkeh.k 433
f’k’kq vLrirky
OPD 190 izfrfnu
IPD 7

csM 22 miyC/k
LVkQ 10 6 male 4female
MkW dh deh
22 csM gS ysfdu 42 yxk j[ks gSSA
T;knk chekjh mYVh nLr o U;weksfu;k gSS
0&28 fnu ds cPps djs ICU esa j[krs gSSA

Tkujy vLirky vyoj
OPD 22000 izfrfnu
IPD 125
csM 314 miyC/k
dqy 150 LVkQ gS
MkWDVj 45 gS
ulZ 100 gS
dqy 12 okMZ
1 Post Oprative ltZjh ds ckn ,MfeV gksus okys
2 Prigner dsfn;ks fd fy,
3 Vzksek ,DlhMsUV okys
4 vkblwys’ku TB okys ejht
5 flotin mYVh nLr okys
6 male medical 7 female medical
8 male serical 9 female surgical
10 vkFkskZisfMd gMMh okys
11 lkbfVzd ekufld jksxh
12 cuZ tyus okys ejht

Ekksleh chekfj;ks ds jksx
o"kkZ
Mk;fj;k

xehZ
mYVh]nLr

lnhZ
cq[kkj

mYVh
cq[kkj ik;jksDlh
isV nnZ

Y;w (Hotstock)

lnhZ][kklh]tqdke
vLFkek

lhs,plh cMkSnkeso
dqy tula[;k 50000 doj djrh gS
, ,u ,e 11 lc lsUVj 9
dqy xzkeiapk;r 9 rFkk 45 xkao lkfey gSA
fiNys o"kZ VkbQkbM ds dkj.k izfrfnu 4 ls 5 yksx izHkkfor gq, Fks ftlesa djhc 80 ls
90 yksx izHkkfor gq, Fks 10 ls 15 yksxksa dh eksr gqb FkhA
oks ih Mh 180 izfrfnu
MkW rhu ulZ rhu okMZ ckW; ,d ysc rduhfl;u nks ,d Lohij
dqy nok miyC?k nok 217

Vh ch ejht ,d tuojh ls nl vxLr 2014rd 54
¼t;flagiqjk Hk;kMh futkeuxj ,l lh leqnk; ds yksx ½
;gka eq[; :i ls ekSleh fcekfj;ka Qsyrh gS lfnZZ;ksa esa vLFkek Vhch xfeZ;ksa es Mk;fj;k
o"kkZ esa nLr Mk;fj;ka cq[kkj lnhZ eysfj;k vkfnA

CHC ekyk[ksMk
30 csM gS
4 MkWDVj gS
2 MD 1 ltZu 1 fQftf’k;u
Ekfgyk MkWDVj ugh gS
1 ls 30 tqykbZ OPD 304
1 ls 30 tqykbZ IPD 73
Ikzfrfnu tkWp 65

fiNys o"kksZ es eysfj;k jksxh 541 Fks
fiNys o"kZ 1 twu 2013 ls tqykbZ 2013 rd 263 Fks
orZeku es 1 twu 2014 ls tqykbZ 2014 rd 87 ejht fudys
T;knk eysfj;k Qsyus okyh xkze iapk;r
Vdcjiqj ek/kksx< ckysVk i`Fohiqjk iy[kMh c[kr iqjk dqy N%
180 izdkj dh nok miyC/k gS
ekpZ ls tqykbZ rd Vk;Qk;M vksj Qhoj Qsyrk gsS
tqykbZ ls vxLr es ihfy;k jksx Qsyrk gSA
PHC 9
Ekyk[ksMk es 3 chc gS
Sub center 76 gS
Vhch ejht 20 gS
2010 ls tqykbZ 2014 rd dqy 24 Hiv jksxh gS
TA Ik;kZIr ugh feyrk gSS foftV gsrw

Research part

Title:
A study on factors influencing the effective functioning of Village Health Sanitation and
Nutrition Committee in Laxmangarh block, Alwar, (Raj.)

1. Background/IntroductionVillage Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC) is the lowest level (i.e.
village/community level) of management structure under National Rural Health Mission, with a
Mandate to bring about community participation in health program. Broadly, VHSNC is
Community level or lowest management structure for decentralized planning and monitoring of
Health program.

It is the key agency for developing Village Health Action Plan (VHAP) & the entire planning of
Village Panchayat for NRHM. This committee comprises of Panchayat representatives, ANM,
MPW, Anganwadi workers, Teachers, Community Health Volunteers, ASHA, member of
SHG/woman group etc. It is also provided with Rs.10000/- for supporting various efforts
Including developing Village Health Action Plans. Some of the major activities of VHSNC
Include; Create Public Awareness on health programmes, discuss and develop a Village Health
Action Plan based on an assessment of the village situation and priorities identified by the
Community, present annual health report of the village in the Gram Sabah, maintenance of a
Village health register and health information board/calendar, take into consideration the
health
Related problems of the community, and suggest mechanisms to solve it, discuss every
maternal
Death or neonatal death that occurs in their village, analyze it and suggest necessary action to
Prevent such deaths. Get these deaths registered in the Panchayat.
Findings related to VHSNC from various studies/reports including Common Review Mission
Shows that though almost all VHSNCs are constituted in all the States, however, it is not
Functioning effectively. As per the report of 4th Common Review Mission, VHSNCs are
Uniformly lacking in clarity about their mandates. Therefore, an assessment of VHSNC will
Definitely help in understanding its performance, gaps/challenges and existing mechanism to
Address it, and suggest possible action points for further strengthening. Keeping this in view,
I want to study with 4VHSNC in Laxmangarh block, Alwar Distric, Rajsthan.
Status of VHSNC in Rajasthan:-43440

Objective:To Assess the Socioeconomic background of VHSNC members.
To document the selection process of the VHSNC members
To understand the role and functioning of VHSNC members as perceived by them
To document the education and training background of VHSN C members.
Identify the challenges faced by VHSNC members

METHODOLOGY

The study appraisal of VHSNC is done in Laxmangarh block in alwar distric (Raj.)
,descriptive design adopting both qualitative and quantitative techniques .

Key question:What are the factors that contribute to effective functioning of VHSNC?
STUDY DESIGN
Cross sectional study
SAMPLING
Study Purposive type sampling, the study covered Alwar distric alwar (Raj) purposively
4 VHSNC selected on the basic of functioning ,2 are functioning well and 2 are not
functioning well .45 members are selected for the interview and focus group discussion .
Roles and Responsibilities



Create awareness about nutritional issues and significance of nutrition as an important determinant of health.



Carry out survey on nutritional status and nutritional deficiencies in the village especially among women and children.



Identify locally available food stuffs of high nutrient value as well as disseminate and promote best practices (traditional
wisdom) congruent with local culture, capabilities and physical environment through a process of community
consultation.



Inclusion of Nutritional needs in the Village Health Plan – The committee will do an in-depth analysis of causes of
malnutrition at the community and household levels, by involving the ANM, AWW, ASHA and ICDS Supervisors.



Monitoring and Supervision of Village Health and Nutrition Day to ensure that it is organized every month in the village
with the active participation of the whole village.



Facilitate early detection of malnourished children in the community; tie up referral to the nearest Nutritional
Rehabilitation Centre (NRC) as well as follow up for sustained outcome.

According these point I selected VHSNC functioning well VHSNC and not functioning well
VHSNC two VHSNC are working according these point and two are also not working
those point .
Data collection
The primary data collected through FGDs ,In-depth Interviews and questioners serve .
In-depth Interviews are conducted with ASHA ,PRI members ,AWW,SHG members and
two others members .As per as design record of village health sanitation and nutrition

committees 2 FGD ,10 In-depth
In depth Interviews . The details of interviews/rev
interviews/reviews
conducted during this study are shown below in table no.1
Number of Interviews conducted by varied technique of data collection.
Table 1

 Techniques for data collection –
1. Verification of VHSNC record.
Questionnaire survey:-To
survey:
Assess the Social, Education & Economical background of
VHSNC members I used questionnaire survey and addressed the following questions
:
Name of VHSNC Member:
Addresses:
Age:
Sex :

Category:
Education:
Occupation:
How many members in your family:
In-depth Interview : I conducted personal interview in the local language( Hindi ) .

Objective

Methods used
Questionnaire Survey

1.

2.

To Assess the Education & Economical Social,
background of VHSNC members
To document the selection process of the VHSNC In-depth and FGD
members

3.

To understand the role and functioning of VHSNC In-depth and FGD
members as perceived by them

4.

To document the
members.

5.

Identify the challenges faced by VHSNC members

training background of VHSN C In-depth and FGD

In-depth and FGD

Data analysis
Data analysis using by ATLAS.ti software

Ethical issue
lHkh dks leku ekSdk ugh fn;k ;g study purposive type study, selective am
s pling

under ethics : blds vUrZxr esaus intervies or In-dept interviews ls igys esus esjh
study ds ckjs esa mUgs crk;k FkkA

RESULT
Table no.1 Socio-economic background of the VHSNC members

Work of VHSNC members No of functioning well
VHSNC members
Farmers
25
Teachers
1
Post master
1
Ward
1
Secretary
1
ASHA
2
AWW
2
Company workers
1

No of not functioning
well VHSNC members
4
--1
2
3
1

Category of VHSNC
members
SC
ST
OBC
General

No of not functioning
well VHSNC members
2
6
1

No of functioning well
VHSNC members
4
2
26
2

Table no.2 Education background of VHSNC members
Education status of
No of functioning well
No of not functioning
VHSNC members
VHSNC members
well VHSNC members
Illiterate
3
1
Literate
13
Primary school
2
-

Middle school
Secondary school
Graduate

8
6
2

4
4
2

Table no 3.Training status of well functioning VHSNC members
Training status of VHSNC
members
Trained
Not trained
Total

No of VHSNC members

In %

34
0
34

100
0
100

Table no.4 Training status of not functioning well .
Training status of VHSNC
members
Trained
Not trained
Total

No of VHSNC members

In %

2
9
11

18
82
100

Selection process Of VHSNC members
Not functioning well VHSNC members selected by ANM .
Functioning well VHSNC member are selected in ward sabha by NGO
TO aware about VHSNC roll and responsibility
Not functioning well VHSNC
90 % VHSNC members are not know about on his/her on roll and responsibilities
only 10% aware about on her responsibilities.
Functioning well VHSNC
100% VHSNC members are aware know his/ her on roll and responsibilities.
Discussion
Function not VHSNC member are educated but they are not motivated .Not
functioning well VHSNC members are not selected by according to VHSNC
guideline .And these members are not trained

Functioning well VHSNC members selected by according to VHSNC guideline .
These are educated and the are motivated . These are know about on his/her roll
and responsibilities .

QSyksf’ki ds nkSjku i<h xbZ iqLrdsa
1. Lkcds fy;s LokLF; & Hkkjr Mksxjk
2. Lqjf{kr ekRk~Ro
3. Xkkze Lrjh LoPNrk ,oa ikS"k.k lfefr
4. ,sls QSyrsa gSa jksx & fuf/k oekZ
5. lgh HkkStu
6. tgka MkW~ uk gks
7. lkeqnkf;d LokLF; esa leqnk; dh Hkwfedk
8. lkeqnkf;d LokLF; & lkSpkjk
9. Vhdkdj.k funsZf’kdk
10. Xk~g vk/kkfjr f’k’kqvksa dh ns[kHkky gsrw QSflfyVsVj funsZf’kdk&
,uvkbZ ihvkbZ
11. ekRk~Ro f’k’kq LokLF; ,ao tS.Mj& ,uvkbZ ihvkbZ
12. ,p vkbZoh vkSj ,Ml & ;wfuQse
13. vk’kk ekWM;wy

QhYM QksVks
nwljk n’kd dh eq[; xfrfof/k thou dkS’ky fd’kksjh vkoklh; esa izf’k{k.k djokrs gq,s!

ih ,p,QvkbZ lnL;ksa ds lkFk nwljk n’kd
nwljk n’kd CykWd leh{k ,ao fu;kstu
cSBd esa
cSBd esa Hkkxhnkjh!
vkWfQl esa oh,p ,l,ulh ikzstsDV dh
leh{kk esa Hkkxhnkjh!

lkSjkbZ Ldwy esa flpZj tqusn deky ds lkkFk dfjjh;k xkkao esa oh,p ,l,ulh esaEcj
fd’kksfj;ksa ds lkFk LokLF; ppkZ djrs gq, ! ds lkkFk cSBd esa Hkkxhnkjh !

cMksyh xkao esa vkaxuckMh dk;ZdrkZ lsa
xkao ds LokLF; ls tqMh tkudkjh ySrs
gq,s !

cMksyh xkao esa vkaxuckMh ij cPpksa ds lkFk
xfrfof/k djokrs gq,s A

bZVsMk esa ih,plh o v;qsZosn vLirkyA

ih,plh bZVsMk esa HkrhZ O;oLFkk ugh gksus ls
[kkyh iMs cSM A

ih,plh bZVsMk esa nok forj.k O;oLFkk A

ih,plh bZVsMksa vLirky esa miyC/k

ih,plh bZVsMk vLirky esa LykbMksa dks lk/kkj.k

lqfo/kkvksa dk csuj yxk gqvk ugh Fkk

dims ls lkQ djrs gq, lQkbZ deZpkjhA

foftV ds nkSjku yxk;k x;k A

Tkkoyh xkz~ipk;r ds vk;qsZosn fpfdRlky; ij

bZVsMk ih,plh lsaVj o vk;qsZosn fpfdRlky; ij Xkako

Xkako ls tqMh fcekfj;ksa dh tkkudkjh ysrs g,s !

ls tqMh fcekfj;ksa o miyC/k lqfo/kkvksa dh
tkudkjh ysrs gq,s !

y{e.kx< ds cMksnk ih,plj dk n~’;

bZVsMk ih,plh lsaVj dk n~’;

y{e.kx< ds cMksnk vk;qsZosn fpfdRlky; dk n~’;

,s,ue ds vHkko esa Tkkoyh xzkeiapk;r dk cUn

bZVsMk ih,plh lsaVj ds MkW ds vkoklh; DokVjksa

o [kjkc gkyr esa iMk lc lsaVj !

dh ttZj gkyr dk n~’; !

nwljk n’kd vkWfQl esa f’kfoj ds
cPpksa ds lkkFk LorU=rk fnol

xkao ukaxy[kkutknh esa ftyk dySDVj
dh jkf= pkSiky esa HkkxhnkjhA

ds ekSds ij !

LFkkuh; ckWu lSVj ghyj bZykt djrs gq, o muds vkStkj

[ksrh ckMh
Eksfy;k xkao esa Xksgaw dh Qly dks

nkSyriqjk xkao esa cktjs dh Qly

dkVusa ds ckn Qly dks ,df=r

dh dVkbZ djrh efyk,a !

djrk fdlku!

LFkkuh; utj ls
cMksyh xkao esa pwYgs dk fuekZ.k djrh

cMksyh xkao esa HkSal ds xkscj ds miyks

cqtqxZ eqfLye efgyk!

Lks cuk;k x;k cVsoMk ftl ij
eqfLye efgyks Onkjk dh xbZ
dykdkjh dk n`’; !

jSyh o /kjusa esa Hkkxhnkjh

CykbZ.M okWd esa Hkkxhnkjh

HkkSiky xSl=klnh ds ihfMrks ds gd ds fy;s cSxayksj ds xka/kh lfZdZy ij vkokt mBkrs gq,

Uks’kuy ck;ks,fFkDl dkWUQzs’k esa Hkxhnkjh

vU; laLFkkvksa dh foftV esa Hkkxhnkjh

10. ‘’kkfUr iSu ,.M ikysfVo dS;j lsVj dsjyk !

11. dUuwj ,slksfl;lu QkWj bUVhxzVsM :jy vkWxsZukbtS’ku ,.M
liksVZ dsjy

dsjy foftV ds nkSjku leqnz ds fct ij eLRk QSyks !

lkSpkjk Vhe ds lkFk lHkh QSyks !

QhYM dk;Z dk izLrqrhdj.k djrs gq,s !

lkSpkjk o lHkh lkSpkjk Vhe dks
/kU;okn

Community Health Learning Programme is the third phase of
the Community Health Fellowship Scheme (2012-2015)
(2012 2015) and is
supported by the Sir Ratan Tata Trust, Mumbai.

School of Public Health, Equity and Action (SOPHEA)
SOCHARA
# 359, 1st Main,
st
1 Block
Block, Koramangala,
Bangalore – 560034
Tel: 080-25531518
25531518;; www.sochara.org

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