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A ROAD GUIDE TO
KARNATAKA
TTK PHARMA LIMITED - PRINTING DIVISION
328, G.S.T. Road, Chromepet
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© TTK Pharma Limited - Printing Division
1998
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Edited by:
P. Srinivasan
Text by:
..
Georgina Peter
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Designed, compiled, cartographed, typeset,
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KARNATAKA
Karnataka is the sixth largest state in India. It is the only state in India where
gold is found. It is the land of silk and sandal, of coffee and cardamom, of the
17 m statue of Jain saint Gomateshwara and of the enchanting sculptural
wealth of Belur and Halebidu, of the historical ruins of Hampi and monuments
of Bijapur; it is the land that gave India the engineer-statesman
Sir M Visvesvaraya and the great generals, General Cariappa and General
Thimmaiah.
Karnataka, known as "the priceless gift of indulgent nature”, is a unique blend
of a glorious past and a rich present. Situated on the lower west coast of
South India, it was formerly known as the Mysore State. Apart from being
the most industrious state in India, Karnataka also has the credit of being the
first state to step into the Industrial dawn. Even today, Karnataka is one
among the leading states in science and technology. The pleasant hill resorts,
wide sandy beaches, ancient palaces, the piquant Udupi cuisine, together
with the refreshing climate, make Karnataka a tourist's delight.
The History...
The earliest reference to Karnataka, the cultural name of Mysore, appears in
the Mahabharata composed around the first century A. D. Some scholars
have attempted to trace back the history of Karnataka and its people even to
the Harappa and Mohenjo-daro culture. Recorded history dates back to the
3rd century B. C., when Chandragupta Maurya, a contemporary of Alexander
the Great, spent his last years at Shravanabelagola, 96 km from Mysore.
His grandson, Ashoka the Great, ruled over a large part of Karnataka and
raised edicts and stone pillars in Raichurand Chitradurga. By the 1st century
B. C., the Satavahanas succeeded the Maury as and built Buddhist stupas
and Viharas on a large scale. They ruled over upto the region north of
Tungabhadra, later known as Hyderabad Karnataka. The Kadambas of
Banavasi (300 A. D.) ruled over almost the whole of modern Karnataka except
the south which was under Ganga rule. Around the 4th century, the massive
17 metre high Lord Gomateshwara’s statue and the Jain temple at
Shravanabelagola were built by the Ganga dynasty.
From about 550 A. D., the Chalukyas of Badami ruled Karnataka for about
250 years. They evolved the Chalukya style of architecture and built cave
temples. When the Chalukyan power declined after Pulakesin II - 609 to
642 A. D., the Rashtrakutas consolidated their power gradually in order to
defeat the Chalukyas in the early part of the eighth century. The Rashtrakuta
Kings encouraged poetry and fine arts.
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Among the dynasties that followed, the Hoysalas achieved supreme fame
for their magnificent buildings and sculptures with intricate stone carvings at
Belur, Halebidu and Somnathpur. Till the 12th century A. D., the Kalyan
dynasty, an offshoot of the Chalukyas, ruled over Karnataka. During the
12th century, two separate kingdoms emerged, one in the north and other in
the south. The northern kingdom was that of the Yadavas of Devagiri and
the southern one of the Hoysalas of Dwarasamudra. Incessant wars between
the two weakened them enough to enable the Mohammedans to defeat both
during the 13th century. But before they could consolidate and emerge as a
real power in Karnataka, a new empire was founded in 1336 A. D. - that was
the famous Vijayanagara Empire. This empire became famous in the whole
world for its great capital, fabulous wealth, trade and military prowess. Gigantic
temples of granite and other monuments were constructed at Hampi, its
capital. Vijayanagara held strong for over two centuries, when the rest of
India had>fallen before the invasions.
The Bahmani Muslim Kingdom at Bijapur and Bidar were also adding their
share to the architectural and cultural glory of Karnataka. These Sultans
were prolific builders who built many structures in the domed Islamic style.
The best remembered is the famous Gol Gumbaz with its fantastic whispering
gallery at Bijapur.
After the fall of the Vijayanagara Empire in 1556, the region came under a
number of petty rulers. Ultimately, the southern half came under the Wodeyars
of Mysore after they repulsed Shivaji's forces. Northern Karnataka, however,
came under the Maratha rulers.
In 1791, Hyder Ali, a Muslim soldier, overthrew the Wodeyar dynasty and
came to power. He and his son Tipu Sultan, resisted the British and ruled
their kingdom from Shrirangapattana. Tipu Sultan constructed tanks and
dams, and also the Lal Bagh gardens at Bangalore. The British defeated and
killed Tipu Sultan in 1799, and once again brought the Hindu Maharajas of
the Wodeyar dynasty to power. The Hindu Maharajas ruled the state till
independence, and one of them became the Governor of Karnataka.
The advent of British rule further dismembered Karnataka. Thus at the time
of Independence in 1947, instead of one united Karnataka, there were five
Karnatakas united emotionally and culturally, but divided politically. These
were - Old Mysore State, Bombay Karnataka, Hyderabad Karnataka, Madras
Karnataka and Coorg.
The old princely State of Mysore was converted into a Pat B State of the
Indian Union soon after independence. It included the districts of Bangalore,
Mandya, Mysore, Kolar, Tumkur, Hassan, Shimoga, Chickmagalur and
Chitradurga. Bombay Karnataka consisted of the districts of Dharwar, Bijapur,
Uttar Kannad (North Kanara) and Belgaum. Hyderabad Karnataka had parts
of three districts of the former princely State of Hyderabad. These are Bidar,
Gulbarga and Raichur. Together they constitute the most backward area of
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the State. Madras Karnataka included the districts of Dakshin Kannad (South
Kanara)and Bellary and Kollegal taluk of Coimbatore district. Finally, Kodagu
(Coorg) district constituted the former centrally-administered territory of Coorg.
The nucleus of the present State of Mysore was the erstwhile princely State
of the same name constituted in 1799.lt consisted of only nine south-eastern
districts of the present State covering an area of about 76,245 sq. km. A few
minor enclaves here and there and the major part of Bellary district of the
then Madras State were added to the State in 1950 and 1953, respectively.
In November 1956 when the States were reorganised, it acquired an additional
area from the neighbouring States of Madras, Hyderabad and Bombay, and
the centrally-administered territory of Coorg. The formation of the new State
incorporating all the Kannada-speaking areas not only gave a new political
and cultural identity to the land that is popularly known as Karnataka, but
also new opportunities and scope for the people to shape their future and
thus to contribute their mite in the stupendous task of re-building the nation.
The Geography-
Most of Karnataka is situated on the western edge of the Deccan Plateau
and it is rhomboid in shape. Surrounded by Maharashtra on the north, Andhra
Pradesh on the east, Tamil Nadu on the south and the Arabian Sea on the
west, it stretches from 11° 5’ N to 19°N latitude and from 74° E to 78° 6' E
longitude. Its luxuriant coastline apart, Karnataka is geographically divided
into what the locals term the malnad and the maidan. The malnad comprises
a low-lying plateau with a mean height of about 600 m (2,000ft.) and the
densely forested Western Ghats that are the source of several rivers. The
slopes of the Ghats are covered with coffee and tea plantations, sandalwood,
teak and bamboo forests. The monsoon forests of these ghats are also rich
in wildlife - tiger, elephant, bison and deer abound here. The eastern maidan
on the other hand, is open plain and scrubland with scanty rainfall and subdued
landscape lacking the bountiful greenery of the ghats.
The Seasons...
There are four main seasons characterised by different climatic conditions
in the State. These are, January-February: a cool and dry season, March-May
a hot and dry season, June-September: the main rainy season and
October-December: a subsidiary rainy season.
The Climate...
The climate of Karnataka is essentially a tropical monsoon type. During
January and February, the temperatures are relatively low and except in the
coastal belt of the State, they vary between 15°C and 21°C in the southern
part and between 21°C and 25°C in the northern part. At higher elevations,
especially in the southern parts of the State, the high temperatures do not
stay for long. The rainfall during this period is rather low.
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During March to May, temperatures can go as high as 40°C in the northern
maidan. In the south they range from 25°C to 40°C.
Cool cotton clothes can be worn throughout the year, with light woolens
during the winter months.
The People...
The total population of Karnataka is 4,49,77,201. The Kannadigas, as they
are locally known, are famous for their hospitality and friendly and cultured
attitude towards visitors. The people of Karnataka are accommodating, often,
to a fault. Violence is a rare phenomenon, for the people are peace-loving.
The Culture...
To the composite culture of India, the contribution of Karnataka, is in no way
inferior to that of any other region of India. In fact, in many fields, Karnataka's
contribution far exceeds that of the other regions individually. This is specially
so in the fields of art, music, religion, and philosophy.
The Lifestyle...
As major part of the State is rural, the people live a very simple life. The cities
however, present a different picture, being more modern, fast and
cosmopolitan in nature.
The Languages...
Kannada is the main language spoken, read and written. In urban areas,
one can get by with the knowledge of English and Hindi.
The Religions...
As in most States of India, the population here is predominantly Hindu.
Followers of Saivism, Vaishnavism and Veera Saivism form the majority.
But all faiths are represented here, and by and large, people live in amity and
co-operation. Muslims and Christians are in considerable numbers, while
Jainism has struck deep roots in Karnataka. Jains form a sizable section of
the population and have become prominent in the business sector. There
are also Buddhists and Parsis in the State. Religious tolerance is in the very
blood of the Kannadigas, and so conflicts between followers of the different
faiths are rare.
The Fairs and Festivals...
Karnataka celebrates the national festivals, the Independence Day and the
Republic Day, as well as Gandhiji’s birthday. In recent times, the birthday of
Dr Ambedkar is being celebrated in different parts of the State by different
organisations, stretching over days. Apart from these, Karnataka is witness
to a number of festivals because of its multi religious population. Fortunately,
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these festivals generate no conflicts and are celebrated with dignity and
in peace.
Yugadi, which falls usually in the second half of March or in early April, is the
Kannadiga New Year's Day. This is a festival celebrated with devotion and
delight. It is a practice to begin the festival dinner with a mixture of jaggery
and neem leaves - symbolic of the joys and sorrows interwoven in life and
the need to accept both with equanimity.
Makara Sankramana, Sri Ramanavami, Sri Krishna Janmashtami, Ganesha
Chaturthi, Dasara and Deepavali are other festivals which stimulate devotion
combined with excitement. Special worship is offered at homes and temples.
Despite the sophistication in society, the practice of visiting relatives on
Vijayadasami day (the last day of Dasara) and seeking the blessings of elders
and receiving 'banni'leaves from them still prevails.
The Dasara is Karnataka’s pride. The rulers of the Vijayanagara Empire
used to celebrate Dasara with eclat. In more recent times, the rulers of Mysore
continued the tradition. The Maharaja held 'durbar' on nine days, and on the
tenth day, went in a procession on a caparisoned elephant. With the ending
of the rule of the royal family, there has been a change in the celebrations
organised by the State government. A picture of Bhuvaneshwari, the patron
goddess of Karnataka, is taken out in procession. Although the procession
has lost something of its glamour and grandeur, it is still an attraction. The ninth
day of Dasara is also a special occasion; it is 'Mahanavami' - the day when
man remembers with gratitude the implements and vehicles that have brought
him ease and prosperity; tools and vehicles are decorated and worshipped.
It is a unique and significant festival of the Hindus.
As in other parts of the country, Deepavali, the Festival of Lights, is a joyous
occasion. Ganesha festival and Krishna Janmashtami are welcomed alike
by elders and children.
In Karnataka, Yugadi and Sri Ramanavami have an added dimension to
them. They are not one-day affairs. A number of organisations provide
opportunities to listen to the music of a wide range of musicians - from
maestros to highly promising young talents. The festivals brighten early spring,
when the opportunity of listening to music in the open is particularly welcome.
Concerts organised in different parts of the State draw considerable crowds.
Specially on Ramanavami and the days following it, the experience of the
concert by moonlight is truly enchanting.
'Karaga' is a unique festival. It is celebrated on the full-moon day in Chaitra,
the first month of the Hindu calendar, towards the end of March or in early
April. It is a festival in honour of Draupadi, the fiery heroine of the Mahabharata,
who has suffered a hundred sorrows and a hundred wrongs such as no
other woman has known. She is said to have assumed a form such as would
strike terror in the beholder, in order to overcome a demon who tried to
harass her. A community known as Vahnikula Kshatriyas (or, Thigalas) is in
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charge of the celebrations. The celebrations start at the Dharmaraya temple
in the heart of Bangalore city, where the festival is celebrated with special
pomp. It is also celebrated in other towns of the State as well.
Celebrations and observances of the Muslims follow the pattern in the rest
of the country. The emphasis here is on congregational prayers. The special
days are: the birthday of Prophet Mohammed, Bakrid, dedicated to the
peerless devotee Ibrahim, etc.
Important Christian festivals are New Year’s Day, Good Friday and Christmas
Day.
Buddha Poomima and Mahaveera Jayanthi are celebrated in different parts
of the State.
For centuries Kannadigas had been scattered in different parts of South
India. Their dream for a separate State was realised on the 1st of November
1956. This day is celebrated as Rajyotsava Day, which is a State Festival.
On this day, citizens who have made a significant contribution in various
walks of life are honoured with the Rajyotsava Award. Rejoicing and
introspection go hand in hand in these celebrations.
Children’s Day celebrations (14th of November) include a spectacular show
in Bangalore city by children in the morning with a number of cultural
programmes.
The ArtIn music the contribution of Karnataka is indeed unsurpassed. ‘It developed
a school of music which is called the Carnatic School and which has soread
all over the South.’ In the arts of dance and drama, Karnataka has shared
with the rest of the country, specially the South, the rich heritage which is
still seen in exquisite dance poses depicted on the temple walls of Karnataka.
Karnataka’s folk theatre has an ancient and rich tradition, the two principal
forms being Yakshagana and the puppet theatre. Yakshagana, a powerful
and vibrant spectacle is somewhat similar to Kathakali tradition of Kerala in
the choice of its elaborate costumes and vigorous dancing.
Bhotada Kunita (Dance of the Divine cult), Nagamandala and demon dance
are some quaint rituals prevalent only in Dakshina Kannada coastal area
and they embody the profound drama of life.
The Architecture...
Karnataka’s contribution to art and architecture is not only great but also
original. In architecture at least four styles are easily discernible, that is,
Kadambas, Ganga or Jain Chalukya, Hoysala and Vijayanagara.
The Chalukya style is a continuation of the Dravidian style which flourished
in South India but the Hoysala style is the orignal contribution of Karnataka
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to the world of architecture. The Chalukya style is seen in the temples of
North Karnataka such as those of Badami, Aihole, Pattadakal, Ittigi and
Kurvatti. The Hoysala style is found in the Belur and Halebidu temples, a
miniature form of which is also found at Somnathpur.
The colossal statues of Gomateshwar at Shravanabelagola, Karkal and Venur
remind one not only of the mighty days of Jainism but also of the equally
great contribution that they have made and continue to make towards the
creation of a world where the human personality is as glorious as that of
Gomateshwar and the world is as peaceful as the environment where these
statues stand. The cave temples at Badami and Aihole and the architectural
marvels of Hampi still recall the glory that was Karnataka.
The Handicrafts...
Karnataka is famous for its aesthetic craftsmanship in sandalwood and
rosewood. Eye-catching items of furniture, in-lay work, coffee tables, wall
hangings etc. are worth while purchases. Rich silks, wooden toys, leather
puppets, Bidriware and artifacts make ideal mementos.
Silk and cotton textiles are produced on handlooms. Sandalwood and ivory
carving and in-lay works are located in Mysore, Madikeri, Kumta etc. Brass
work in Nelamangala and silver in-lay work in Bidar are famous. Rattan works
and pottery also exhibit the special skills of craftsmen in the State.
The Economy...
The State of Karnataka is fairly well placed in the matter of natural resources
-soils, minerals, water and forests - although many of these are still awaiting
their full utilisation. The black and alluvial soils are among the richest in the
world and the red loam which covers almost the whole of the southern maidan
is amenable to rapid improvement by careful management. Coffee, rubber,
tea, cardamom, betelnut and cashew are grown as plantation crops.
Karnataka contributes almost all the gold and silver produced in India. It has
extensive deposits of iron which are of excellent quality and has fairly good
reserves of manganese and chromite. The water resources, both underground
and surface are also fairly large. Its perennial rivers like the Krishna, the
Tungabhadra and the Kaveri and their tributaries together with the
innumerable tanks, probably as ancient as agriculture itself, offer excellent
opportunities for the development of irrigation facilities. No wonder then, that
the State has been the pioneer in irrigation and power generation schemes
in India. Karnataka's forests are extremely rich and yield sandalwood, teak,
bamboo, rosewood and a variety of medicinal plants. The Bababudangiri
hills and Kappadagudda near Gadag and Chandrona Parvat in Chickmagalur
district have hundreds.of species of medicinal plants. Tradition says that the
latter was the mountain to which Hanuman came for Sanjivani.
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The Industries...
Karnataka, even during feudal rule, was a pioneer in agricultural and industrial
development. Industrialisation, however, is spotty and is confined to a few
growth areas and industrial nodes such as Bangalore, Davangere,
Bhadravati.etc. As such about 62 % of the State's income is derived from
agriculture.
Although the First Five-Year Plan of the old Mysore State started in
1950-51,the concept of planned development was not new to the State.
As early as 1910, the Mysore Economic Conference was organised with a
view to suggesting policies and strategies for the economic and social
development of the State. Many schemes designed to accelerate the
development of agriculture, industry, infra-structure and social services were
the direct contribution of this conference.
BANGALORE
Bangalore - the capital of Karnataka, is one of the most liveliest and charming
of all Indian cities. It is a serene and spacious city, with avenues lined with
acacia and flame of the forest trees. Situated at an altitude of 914 metres,
Bangalore has a salubrious climate that made it once, a summer resort of
the British Raj. This city of gardens, was founded in 1537 by Kempe Gowda,
a Vijayanagar Chieftain.
Bangalore is today, the fifth - largest city in India, with a population of over
two million. It is also the country's main industrial city, with eight huge industrial
belts housing about 10,000 industries - including aircraft, telephones,
electronics, pharmaceutical, textile and machine tool factories.
Bangalore is also a modern fun city with famous restaurants, night clubs,
discotheques, theatres, cinema halls and elegant shopping complexes. With
its rich variety of the old and new, Bangalore is an ideal gateway to the rest
of the region.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Basavangudi or the Bull Temple (5 km)
Built by Kempe Gowda, is typical of the Dravidian style of Architecture.
The temple has a majestic monolithic bull 6.1 metres long and 4.6 metres
high. According to local folklore, the Nandi bull is supposed to have outgrown
the temple. A groundnut fair is held near the temple premises every year.
Cubbon Park (2 km)
Planned and laidout in 1864, this beautiful 300 acre park contains the public
library and the museum. The illuminated “fairy fountain" and the elegant
graeco - colonial style buildings, add to the beauty of this park.
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Gangadhareswara Cave Temple
Built by Kempe Gowda, this temple with four remarkable monolithic pillars, is
dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple also has a rare, beautiful idol of Agni,
the God of fire. The annual festival is on Makar Sankaranti day (mid-January)
when thousands of devotees flock to see the sunrays fall on the Sivalinga
between 17.00 hrs to 18.00 hrs.
Government Museum (2 km)
Established in 1886, this beautiful structure with splendid Corinthian Columns,
houses a wonderful collection of a archaeological and geological artifacts
and old jewellery.
Timings: 09.00 hrs to 18.00 hrs.
Closed on Wednesdays and Public holidays
Indian Institute of Science
Founded by the Tatas, this premier science institute was the alma mater of
many famous Indian scientists. The nobel prize winner C.V. Raman and
space scientist Vikram Sarabhai are among the many eminent people who
have done research here. Its stately buildings are in classic European style,
with a central quadrangle decorated with attractive Persian motifs.
Jawahar Bala Bhavan
An imaginatively planned amusement park and recreational centre meant
for the young at heart. The main attractions are the toy train and Dolls
museum. The park also contains a 20 million years old fossilised tree - a gift
from the Geological Survey of India.
Jumma Masjid
Built by a Mughal Killedar, with tall ornamental granite pillars, this is the city’s
oldest mosque. Damaged by cannon fire during the third Mysore war, the
Mosque was renovated in 1836.
Lal Bagh Gardens (4 km)
These 240 acre gardens were laid out during the Muslim era (18 century) by
Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. They contain the largest collection of rare tropical
and sub-tropical plants, century-old trees, fountains, terraces, lotus pools,
rose gardens and a deer park. Lal Bagh has a magnificent glass house built
in 1840, on the lines of London’s Crystal Palace. The Annual flower, fruit and
vegetable shows are regularly held here. Lal bagh also houses the offices of
the Karnataka Horticultural Society.
Season: January and August
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Maharaja’s Bangalore Palace
Built in 1887, on the lines of medieval castles in Normandy and England, the
Bangalore palace is a fairly close imitation of Windsor Castle. Set amidst a
sprawling garden, the majestic turrets and ornamental stone work add to its
grandeur.
St Mark’s Cathedral
A 1926 structure with a row of Roman arches and an imposing central dome.
It is noted for the intricate wood work in its interior.
St Mary’s Cathedral
Built in 1882, by a French missionary, it is a grand gothic-style basilica, with
an impressive tower and typically gothic pointed arches.
The Fort (4 km)
Built initially in 1537, by Kempe Gowda as a crude, mud structure, it was
rebuilt in stone by Hyder Ali in 1761. This fort was the strong hold of Hyder
Ali and Tipu Sultan, through several fierce and bloody battles. Though the
fort is in ruins now, it still retains an aura of might and glory.
Near the fort, is Tipu's palace, begun by Hyder Ali and completed by Tipu
Sultan in 1791. Constructed mainly of wood, it has five intricately sculptured
arches surmounted by exquisite minarets.
Timings: 06.00 hrs to 18.00 hrs
Vidhana Soudha (2 km)
Located at the northern boundary of Cubbon Park, this majestic building,
with a total plinth area of over 5,00,000 sq ft houses the Secretariat, the
state legislature and several other government offices. The gleaming white
domes, pillars and archways, resemble the architectural pattern of Mysore's
old palaces. The huge, carved doors of the cabinet room are made of pure
sandalwood. The entire building, when flood-lit on Sunday evenings, presents
a truly breathtaking picture.
Visveswarayya Industrial and Technological Museum (2 km)
A wonderland of information about the marvels of science. The museum has
several rooms, each devoted to one discipline of technology.
Timings: 10.00 hrs to 17.00 hrs.
Closed on Mondays and Public holidays
OTHER PLACES OF INTEREST
Attara Katcheri
Built in 1867 to house the secretariat, it now houses the highcourt and several
lower courts. It is two-storeyed structure with a spacious front and elegant,
fluted Ionic columns.
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Public Buildings
Bangalore has many public buildings, which are reminders of the city’s glorious
past. The Daly Memorial Hall (1917), Mayo Hall and Puttanachetty Town
Hall (1935) are a pleasing blend of Indian and old European architecture.
Venkatappa Art Gallery
Though the main exhibition displays works of the famous Mysore artist,
K. Venkatappa, the works of painters and sculptors representing India's
contemporary or modern school are also displayed in the gallery.
EXCURSIONS
Bannerghatta National Park (21 km)
This densely forested hilly area has been made a sanctuary for wild animals.
Besides various wild animals like bison, elephants, panther and wild boar,
the park also has more than 100 species of birds. Other attractions in the
park include a crocodile farm, a serpentarium, pet's corner and a prehistoric
animal park.
The Champakadharmeswara temple situated in the Bannerghatta town
contains inscriptions in Tamil, belonging to the 13th century.
Chamrajsagar Reservoir (35 km)
This dam, built across the river Arakavati, is an excellent picnic spot with
facilities for fishing.
Channapatna (59 km)
The land of toymakers. Colourful lacquered and wooden toys in various
shapes and sizes are the speciality of this region. Wooden beads, bangles,
boxes and light furniture are also made here.
Hesaraghatta Lake (29 km)
This lush fertile area, with its wonderful climate, is a haven for horticultural
research. The delightful artificial lake, spread over 1,000 acres, provides
facilities for sailing. A livestock breeding and poultry centre have been
established here as part of the Indo-Danish dairy project.
Kanva Reservoir (69 km)
An excellent picnic spot, with facilities for fishing.
Magadi (46 km)
This birth place of Kempe Gowda, it now has the remnants of an old fort and
four temples of unspoiled charm.
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Mekedata (Goat's leap) (98 km)
A famous picnic spot situated within the limits of the Muggur forest. Here, the
river Kaveri flows through a deep ravine. On top of it is a chasm 5 m wide,
narrow enough for a goat to leap across.
Muthyala Maduvu (Pearl Valley) (44 km)
Picnic spot with an enchanting waterfall and a small temple.
Sangam (103 km)
The river Arkavathi joins the Kaveri at Sangam, inside the Chilandavadi forest.
A temple built during the Chola period is situated here. This enchanting place
is just 5 km away from Mekedata.
Savandrug(60 km)
Also known as the Magadi Hills, this a towering granite hill, 1207 metres
high, with a base of about 10 km in circumference. It has temples dedicated
to Basaveswara, Narasimhaswamy and Veerabhadrasamy.
Shivaganga (60 km)
This famous hill-top pilgrim centre has temples dedicated to
Gangadhareswara, Hanna Devi and a cave spring called Pattala. When
viewed from a distance, the outline of the hill resembles the figure of a bull
(Nandi) on the east, that of Ganesha (the elephant-headed God) from the
west, that of a Cobra on the north and that of a Sivalinga on the south.
Shivaganga is also known as Dakshina Kasi, or the Varanasi of the South.
Vasanthapura (12 km)
A small hillock with an ancient, delightful temple dedicated to Sri Vasantha
Vallabharayaswamy.
HOW TO GET THERE
Air: Bangalore is well connected with all the important cities in India by air.
Though Bangalore does not have an international terminal, many foreign
airlines have offices here for reservation and cargo.
Rail: Bangalore is connected to all major Indian cities by rail. Bangalore is
also connected to Chennai by several super-fast trains.
Road: Connected by National Highway to Mumbai (998 km) and Chennai
(331 km). Several buses of the Karnataka State Road Transport Corporation
connect Bangalore with many towns and cities in the state.
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BAGALKOT
Bagalkot is the headquarters of this newly formed district. Known as Bagadage
in the inscriptions and located on the banks of Ghatprabha river, this place
was the headquarters of Bagadage-seventy under the Chalukya. At present,
Bagalkot is a major centre of trade, commerce, education and manufacturing
industries - particularly cement. The chief temples here are those of Shri
Bhavani, Panduranga and Kothalesh. Among the mosques, the Panka Masjid
is a fine stone structure.
EXCURSIONS
Aivalli (46 km)
Known for its temples built between the 6th and 8th centuries. It was the
capital of the Chalukyas between the 4th and the 7th centuries and symbolises
Hindu temple architecture in its formative years.
Badami (66 km)
Once the capital of Chalukyan Empire, Badami is noted for its rock-cut cave
temples.
Kudala Sangama (38 km)
Located at the confluence of the rivers Krishna and Malaprabha, Kudala
Sangama is an important pilgrim centre.
Pattadakal (63 km)
A scene of great architectural activity between the 7th and 9th centuries known
for its temples build during the Chalukyan period.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airport is Belgaum. Bagalkot is connected by rail and road with
almost all the important places in South India.
BELGAUM
Belgaum, the headquarters of this district, is an ancient town of considerable
historical interest. During the 13th century, Belgaum flourished as the capital
of the Ratta Kings. Today, it is modern cantonment town.
PLACES OF INTEREST
The Fort
This ancient, oval shaped stone structure encloses an area of about
40 hectares and has two gates. Mahatma Gandhi was once imprisoned
here.
15
Jain Temple
This shrine has fine carvings and intricately worked roofs.
The Safa Mosque
This mosque is found inside the Belgaum Fort.
EXCURSIONS
Gokak Falls (80 km)
This river Ghatprabha plunges into a rocky bed 170 feet below, in the
picturesque Gokak Valley. Traces of ruined temples can be found on the
banks of the river.
Season: June to September.
Halashi (70 km)
The second capital of the Kadamba dynasty, Halshi is a place of historic
importance. This village of great antiquity, has three large temples of which,
one is built on a hill nearby. This temple has a sacred pond also.
Annual fair: September to October.
Kittur (44 km)
A place of historical importance. The Queen Channamma of Kittur bravely
resisted the imposition of British rule in 1824. The Basava temple here,
contains inscriptions on stone, belonging to the 12th century.
Saundatti (85 km)
A major pilgrim centre.
HOW TO GET THERE
Belgaum has a small airport. It is also connected by rail with Bangalore and
other major cities.
BELLARY
Bellary city, the headquarters of this district, is situated around two rocky
hills known as the Fort Hill and the Face Hill. Both these hills seem to have
been the sites of pre-historic settlements.
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EXCURSIONS
Hampi (74 km)
Once the flourishing capital of the Vijayanagar empire, Hampi was abundant
in wealth, military prowess, aesthetic sensibilities and culture. It was visited
by travellers from Italy and Arabia during the 15th century.
Today, its ruins spread over an area of 26 sq. kms. The Pampati Swami
Temple, the Queen's Bath, the Lotus Mahal and the musical pillars of the
Vittala temple evoke memories of bygone splendour.
Hospet (61 km)
Founded by Krishnadevaraya, this town was a gate of entry into the city of
Vijayanagara. There is a picturesque temple of Jambhunatha, on a hili nearby.
Tungabhadra Dam (6 km from Hospet)
This 162-foot-high dam, is one of the largest irrigation dams in South India
with a waterspread of 378 sq kms. The 2 km long dam offers a panoramic
view of the surrounding countryside.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airport is Belgaum, and is well connected by rail and bus services
with other parts of the State.
BIDAR
Bidar was the capital of the Bahmani Kings in the early 15th century. The only
subterranean stream of Karnataka, Narasimha Jeera, is in Bidar. According
to a legend, Bidar was visited by Guru Nanak when the land was in the grip
of famine. Hence, Bidar is an important pilgrim centre for the devotees of
Guru Nanak.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Chaubara
An old cylindrical watch tower, which seems to have served as an observation
post.
The Fort
Built by Ahmad Shah Bahmani between 1426 and 1432 AD, this fort is
regarded as one of the most formidable forts in the country. The palaces of
Rangeen Mahal, Chini Mahal and Turkish Mahal are found inside the fort.
The external circumference of the fort is 4 kms.
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Madrarasa of Mahmud Gawan
Built in 1472 AD, during the reign of Muhammad-Ill, it is an architectural
marvel. The main features here are the lofty towers and minarets with
decorated tiles which lend a unique charm to the building.
EXCURSIONS
Basavakalayan (77 km)
An ancient centre of wealth and learning, hallowed by illustrious saints like
Basaveshvara. The Fort contains ancient sculptures that have survived the
ravages of time. Other places of interest in the town are the Basaveshvara
Temple and Anubhava Mantappa. The tomb of Syed Tajuddin attracts pilgrims
during the annual urus.
HOW TO GET THERE
Rail and road facilities connect Bidar with other important towns and cities in
South India.
BIJAPUR
A medieval Muslim walled city, 613 km north of Bangalore, Bijapur is
characterised by domes and minarets. Its founders called Bijapur, Vijayapura
or the city of victory. Bijapur experienced a great burst of architectural activity
under the Adil Shahi dynasty. The Adil Shahis encouraged building activity
to such an extent that Bijapur itself has over 50 mosques, more than 20 tombs
and a number of palaces.
Asar Mahal (5 km)
Constructed in 1646 by Muhammad Adil Shah to serve as a hall of Justice.
The Mahal contains some relics of prophet Mohammed. There are landscape
paintings and designs on the walls and ceiling of the hall.
Bara Kaman (5 km)
The unfinished mausoleum of AH Shah.
The Fort
Built by Yusuf Adil Shah I, the fort is six and a quarter miles in length, with
deep moats all around. The fort has five massive gates.
Gagan Mahal (Heavenly Palace) (5 km)
Constructed by Ali Adil Shah I in 1561, it served as the Royal Palace and the
Durbar Hall.
Gol Gumbaz (1 km)
Gol Gumbaz, the tomb of Mohammed Adil Shah is an astounding engineering
feat. Its enormous "Whispering" dome is second in size only to St. Peter's
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Basilica in Rome. The dome stands unsupported by pillars. The fantastic
acoustical system in the dome carries the faintest whisper around the dome
and returns it to the listener nine times. Even the tick of a watch or the rustle
of paper can be heard across a distance of 37 m in the whispering gallery
The gallery around the dome provides a fabulous view of the town.
Ibrahim Rauza (2 km)
This palatial mosque and tomb, with its delicate minarets, is very beautiful
and symmetrical. Chosen by Aurangazeb as his residence, this structure is
said to have inspired the Taj Mahal of Agra.
Jama Masjid (1 km)
Built between 1557 and 1686, it is the largest and first constructed mosque
in Bijapur. Covering a total area of 10,810 sq m, the mosque is known for its
graceful minarets and bulbous domes.
Malik-i-Maidan (Monarch of the plains) (1.5 km)
Perched on top of the fort wall, the Malik-i-Maidan is the legendary cannon
of the Adil Shahis. Measuring 4.45 m in length, 1.5 m in diameter and weighing
55 tons, it is one of the largest bell metal guns in the world. A unique feature
of this gun is that it is always cool, even under the blazing sun and when
tapped gently, it tinkles softly like a bell.
Mehtar Mahal (1 km)
This finely wrought gateway to a mosque is an excellent example of IndoSaracenic style of architecture.
Taj Bawdi (1.5 km)
The great tank commemorates Ibrahim Il’s first wife, Taj Sultana. Its front is
a majestic arch flanked by two octagonal towers. The east and west of the
towers form spacious rest houses.
EXCURSIONS
Basavana Bagevadi (43 km)
The birth place of Basaveswara, the great social and religious reformer of
Karnataka.
Kumatagi (16 km)
The lake and water pavilion found here, were built by the Adil Shahis.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airport is at Belgaum (209 km). Bijapur is connected by rail and
road with almost all the important places in South India.
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CHAMRAJNAGAR
This district has been recently bifurcated from Mysore district. Chamrajnagar
is the district headquarters. The original name of this place was Arokotara. it
was renamed in 1818 by Krihsnaraja Wodeyar of Mysore. In 1825, he built a
temple of Chamarajeswara here. The ruins of an extensive city of antiquity,
known as Manipura, are found nearby.
EXCURSIONS
Bandipur Wildlife Sanctuary (52 km)
Situated on the Mysore-Ooty Road, this wildlife sanctuary adjoins the
Mudumalai sanctuary in Tamil Nadu and the Wayanad sanctuary in Kerala.
Herds of bison, spotted deer, elephants and sambar can be seen here. Tigers
and leopards can also be spotted occasionally. Bandipur has been brought
under 'Project tiger’ since 1974. Bandipur is considered as one of the best
wildlife sanctuaries in India.
Biligirirangana Hills (109 km)
The temple of Biligiri Rangaswami is situated on these Hills, at 1567 metres
above sea level. This temple is a large Dravidian structure of great antiquity.
Kaveri Fishing Camp
The river Kaveri at Bhimeswari, abounds in a variety of fish including the
Carnatic Carp and the Mahseer. This place is a protected area for the fish, as
the anglers are advised to release the fish, after catching tfem. The wild
beauty of the river and the countryside, are sure to hook any tourist.
Mahadeswara Hills (94 km)
Situated well above sea level, this hill station is a popular pilgrim and tourist
centre.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airport is at Bangalore. Chamarajanagar is well connected with
the rest of India by rail and road services.
CHIKMAGALUR
The district takes its name from the headquarters town of Chikmagalur, which
literally means younger daughter's town. The town is situated in a fertile
valley, south of the Baba-Budan range and is surrounded by lush coffee
growing hills. A centre of education, trade and commerce, the town enjoys a
salubrious climate and has venerated monuments of all religions.
20
PLACES OF INTEREST
The Fort
The fort and its moat, the Parashurama temple and Kali shrine are the other
places of interest, well worth visiting
Ishwara Temple
Once in Hiremagalur, it is now part of the Chikmagalur town. The 1.22 metre
high idol was installed by King Janamejaya during his serpent sacrifice.
St. Joseph’s Cathedral
St. Joseph’s Cathedral is newly built and has an attractive shell-shaped
portico.
Kodandarama Temple
This temple is a synthesis of Hoysala and Dravidian style of architecture.
EXCURSIONS
Bhadia Wildlife Sanctuary (38 km)
The diverse wildlife of this region can be viewed while driving along the 10 km
long road maintained inside the sanctuary.
Bhadra Reservoir (76 km)
20 km from Bhadravati town, the Bhadra reservoir is a massive irrigational
project with a wholesome variety of wildlife around it. There is scope for
water sports as well.
Kemmangundi (54 km)
An ideal retreat of solitude and natural beauty, Kemmangundi is located on
the most fascinating spot in the Baba-Budan range. Placed at a height of
4,702 ft above sea level, Kemmangundi has a bracing climate, mineralenriched water and a tranquil verdant mountainscape. The two waterfallsKalahasti and Hebbe are ideal picnic spots. Kemmangundi is also famous
for its high grade iron ore.
Kudremukh (95 km)
Literally means 'horse face'. The deep valleys an steep precipices of this hill
station have great natural beauty. Kudremukh is 1,894.3 metres high and is
rich in iron ore deposits.
Sringeri (103 km)
This well-known pilgrim centre is situated on the banks of the Tunga river.
The Sringeri mutt was founded by Sri Adi Shankara, the exponent of the
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Advaita philosophy. In the Vidya Shankara Shrine, there are 12 Zodiac pillars,
which are so constructed that the rays of the sun fall on the pillar corresponding
to the month.
HOW TO GET THERE
Rail and road facilities connect Chikmagalur with other important towns and
cities in South India.
CHITRADURGA
Chitradurga gets its name from Chitrakaldurga, an umbrella-shaped lofty hill
found here Tradition dates the district to the period of the Ramayana and
Mahabharatha. The district was part of the Satavahanas, the Kadambas,
Rashtrakutas, Hoysalas, Vijayanagar and later Hyder Ali. The whole district
lies in the valley of the Vedavati river, with the Tungabhadra flowing in the
North-West.
PLACES OF INTEREST
The Fort
Built in parts, by the Palegars, Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan, the fort has seven
series of enclosure walls. Many ancient temples can also be found inside
the fort.
EXCURSIONS
Hosdurga (63 km)
This town has the remnants of a hill fort which was erected by Chikkanna
Nayaka, a Pelegar of Chitradurga.
Molakalmuru (82 km)
Nearby is a fortified town of the Kadambas. Molakalmuru also has a temple,
a large reservoir and a rock which produces a chain of echoes. The town is
also known for its silk weaving industry.
HOW TO GET THERE
Chitradurga is connected by rail and road with almost all the important towns
and cities in the State.
DAKSHIN KANNAD
Mangalore, the district headquaraters, is a beautiful palm-fringed port on the
Western Coast of Karnataka. Mangalore is located near the backwaters formed
by the converging Netravathi and Gurupur rivers. It was once a major sea
port and ship building centre of Hyder All's kingdom. Today it is a major export
22
centre of coffee and cashew nuts. The backwaters and the pleasant climate,
make Mangalore a unique haven.
PLACES OF INTEREST
The Sultan Battery
A remnant of Tipu Sultan’s fort, which once guarded his Naval station here.
Ullal Beach (11 km)
A picturesque sea-side village situated at the mouth of two rivers entering the
sea.
EXCURSIONS
Dhramastala (69 km)
Noted for the Manjunatha Temple. The town is surrounded on all sides by the
river Netravati.
Ghati Subrahmanya (107 km)
A popular pilgrim centre with the famed ancient temple of Subrahmanya.
HOWTO GET THERE
Mangalore is connected with Mumbai, Bangalore and Kochi by air. Road and
rail services link Mangalore with almost all the important cities and towns in
the country.
DAVANGERE
Davangere, the district headquarters, now an important commercial, industrial
and educational centre, was part of the kingdom of the Devagiri Yadavas. It is
famous for its textile and cotton mills.
EXCURSIONS
Anagodu (16 km)
An ancient temple belonging to the 11th century is found here.
Anaji (19 km)
Kadamba inscriptions dating back to 450 A.D. are found here. On a hill nearby
are found the relics of a mud fort and a shrine of Yoganarasimha.
Hadali (12 km)
Inscriptions dating back to the 11th century are found, along with an ancient
temple of Ittigekallu Ranganatha. The sculptures found in the former fort area
indicate the possibilities of ancient monuments here.
23
Harihar (14 km)
A town of great antiquity, it has the temple of Harihareshwara, built in the
Hoysala style. The town is located on the banks of the Tungabhadra river,
and is therefore, an ideal picnic spot
Mayakonda (30 km)
The place is noted for its temple of Keshava and Obala-Narasimha.
HOW TO GET THERE
Davangere is weil connected to almost all the main cities of India by rail and
road.
DHARWAD
Dharwad is a reputed university town with good educational facilities. Dharwad
has a history of more than 8 centuries, and was known as Kutala Desha.
The place is also said to be associated with the Pandavas, who spent part of
their exile here. Some relics of this period can be found at Ron, Hangal
and Itgi.
EXCURSIONS
Hubli (20 km)
Hubli and Dharwad are the two important towns in this district.
HOW TO GET THERE
Hubli is an important junction in the rail route between Bangalore and Goa.
Both Dharwad and Hubli are linked by road and rail facilities with other parts
of the country.
GADAG
Gadag is a newly formed district, with its headquarters at Gadag town. This is
a place of great antiquity. In ancient days, it was a renowned seat of learning.
The Viranarayana temple here was built in about 1117 A.D. by the Hoysala
King Vishnuvardhana.
EXCURSIONS
Betigeri (7 km)
At a place called Mallarayanakatte, 15 memorial stones known as Virkals or
Vira Sasanas are found.
Shirhatti (30 km)
An old fort, Arlingawa Mutt and the Mutt of Fakirsvami are famous here.
In April-May, a huge fair is held here in honour of the Fakirsvami.
24
HOW TO GET THERE
Gadag is well connected by rail and road with the nearby towns.
GULBARGA
Gulbarga, the district headquarters, was formerly known as Kalburgi. The town
rose into prominence during the early Bahmani period when the founder of
this dynasty shifted his capital from Daulatabad. Gulbarga continued to be
the capital of this kingdom till about 1,424 AD.
PLACES OF INTEREST
The Fort
Originally built by Raja Gulchand, it was later strengthened by Ala-ud-din
Bahmani. The fort contained 15 towers and 26 guns of which one was 8
metres long. Within the ramparts of the fort, there is an imposing mosque
which resembles the great mosque of Cordona in Spain. This mosque is the
only one of its kind in the entire country. Several tombs of the Bahmani
Sultans can be found in the eastern outskirts of the town.
The Jama Masjid
Situated within the fort walls, it has stilted domes and narrow entrances typical
of the Persian style of architecture.
The Shrine of Saint Sharana Basaveshwara
The shrine of an eminent Hindu religious teacher and philosopher who
preached religious and social equality. This temple has been developed into
a pilgrim centre. The annual fair, lasting for a fortnight, is held during the
month of May.
EXCURSIONS
Gangapur(38 km)
A noted pilgrim centre. The rivers Bhima and Awarja unite here, and pilgrims
visit this place, throughout the year for a holy dip. The annual fair is held in
February.
Shorapur (108 km)
Formerly known as Surapura, this is the place where Raja Venkatappa Naik,
rebelled against the British in 1857. The temple dedicated to Lord Krishna
under the name Gopalaswamy is an object of considerable religious
importance. A fair is organised at this place, every year on Sri Krishna
Janmashtami day.
25
HOW TO GET THERE
Gulbarga is connected by rail and road facilities with almost all the important
towns and cities in the State.
HASSAN
Hassan, the district headquarters has been developed into a prominent tourist
centre because of its proximity to Belur and Halebidu. This fairly large city is
located on the national highway linking Mangalore with Bangalore. Apart
from being a centre of transport and commerce, the district is also known for
its salubrious climate.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Hasanamba Shrine
A temple shrine with an ant-hill representing Hasanamba, the presiding deity.
This shrine remains closed all through the year except for about a week
during the Ashvija month.
Siddeshvara Temple
An ancient temple constructed by Venkatappa Nayaka.
EXCURSIONS
Belur (34 km)
Situated on the banks of the river Yagachi, the Chennakesava temple, built
by the Hoysala king Vishnuvardhana is a monument of supreme architectural
beauty.
The intricate carvings on the stone walls and the gravity pillar in the courtyard
are the unique features of this temple. The interior of the temple considered
even better than the outside, contains many exquisite panels and richly carved
pillars. Belur was once, a flourishing city under the Hoysala rulers some 800
years ago.
Gorur (22 km)
A dam site across the river Hemavathy This place is a pleasant picnic spot.
Halebidu (39 km)
Sixteen kilometres from Belur, the Hoysaleswara temple at Halebidu is more
impressive than the one at Belur. Built in 1121 AD, the walls of the temple
are covered with detailed friezes and sculptures depicting scenes narrated
in Hindu epics. The sculptures found here, have been carved by skilled hands,
giving importance to even the most minute details. The temple also contains
two massive Monolithic bulls. The Archaeological Museum located on the
temple premises displays many interesting stone sculptures.
26
Shravanabelagola (52 km)
A popular Jain pilgrim centre, Shravanabelagola is wedged between two
rocky hills - Indragiri and Chandragiri. The monolithic statue of Lord
Gomateswara, a Jain saint, standing atop the Indragiri Hills is 17 metres
high and is said to be one of the tallest and most graceful monolithic statues
in the world. Nearly 1,800 years old, the naked statue is symbolic of the
renunciation of worldly possessions. This Colossus is ceremonially anointed
with milk, curds, ghee, saffron and water once in 12 years on the occasion of
Mahamastakabhisheka. The last Mahamastakabhisheka was held in
December 1993.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest Airport is in Bangalore (187 km). Hassan is connected by rail
and road with other towns and cities.
HAVERI
This place was an important centre of the Kalamukha sect. As many as 32
inscriptions were found here. At present, it is a renowned centre of cardamom
trade.
EXCURSIONS
Byadgi (15 km)
Inscriptions about the Rashtrakuta King Krishna II (901 A.D.) were found here.
This place is well known for the special variety of chillies found here known as
Byadgi chillies.
Ranibennur (26 km)
This place is famous for the Siddheshwara temple found here. The tomb of a
Muslim Saint, Hazrat Jamal Shah (1785) is also famous here. Annual prayers
are held in his honour.
Savanur (35 km)
This town was developed by Abdul Raufkhan. The Nawab’s palace, ruins of
the fort, mosques are well worth a visit. The annual fair of Sathyabodhasvami
Mutt attracts a huge crowd.
HOW TO GET THERE
Haveri is well connected with almost all the important towns and cities in the
State.
27
KODAGU
Kodagu (Coorg) district, once the smallest in the state, is also the most
beautiful hill station in the state. This thickly wooded grandeur on the Western
Ghats, is home to the bold and beautiful Kodava people.
Madikeri (Mercara), the largest town in Kodagu, is also the district
headquarters. Situated at 4,000 ft above sea level, Madikeri is filled with
dense forests, coffee plantations, orange groves and paddy fields. Madikeri
was founded in 1681 by Muddu Raja of the Haleri dynasty.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Abbey Falls (5 km)
Formerly known as Jesse Falls, this place is a noted picnic spot.
The Fort
This fortress was built by the Rajas of Coorg on a hill over looking the town.
It now accommodates several offices of the state government.
Omkareswara Temple
Noted for its peculiar combination of the Hindu and Muslim styles of
architecture.
EXCURSIONS
Nagarhole Game Sanctuary (77 km)
This game sanctuary is located in the Nalkeri forest region along the Kabini
river amid deciduous forests, winding streams and belts of swampy ground.
Once an exclusive hunting preserve of the Mysore royalty, this park is an
ideal habitat for a wide variety of wildlife. Wild elephants, tiger, deer, panther
and jackal are some of the wild animals that can be found here. The Heballa
elephant camp is a must for every visitor.
Season: October to May.
Tala Kaveri (40 km)
The sacred river Kaveri originates at this place, on the slopes of the Brahmagiri
hills. The annual Tala Kaveri Jatra begins on the auspicious Tula Sankramana
day in October, as water gushes out from a conduit. The annual festival in
April attracts a large gathering. Salam Kallu is the place where the pilgrims
can get the finest view of Tala Kaveri.
HOW TO GET THERE
Madikeri is 124 km from Mysore and 248 km from Bangalore. It is well
connected by good roads with other cities in the State.
28
KOLAR
Kolar town, the headquarters ofthis district was formerly known as Kuvalala.
Kolar was the first capital of the Gannas, till about the 4th century A.D.
In 1004 A. D. The Cholas annexed Kolar with their empire. Later, Kolar came
under the Vijayanagar empire, before being taken over by the British in 1768.
In 1792, Kolar was given to Tipu Sultan, by the British.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Kolaramma Temple
Attributed to Rajendra Chola, this Dravidian structure has a well carved door
and numerous inscription stones that belong to the Chola period.
Kolar Betta
This hill also has a legendary name Shata-Shata-Shringa Parvata (the hun
dred peaked mountain). This hill has an extensive plateau on the top.
The Makbara
The tomb of Fateh Muhammed, the father of Hyder Ali.
EXCURSIONS
Gulur (108 km)
It has an enchanting temple dedicated to Lord Ganesha, the elephant-headed
god. This temple has no permanent deity.
Kolar Gold Fields (45 km)
The gold mines here have the deepest mine pits in the world. The champion
reef gold mine is at a depth of 9,959 ft. A double decker elevator carries the
visitors deep down where gold-bearing quartz can be seen.
Nandi Hills (93 km)
Nandi Hills, at 1,478 metres above sea level, has been a witness to many
battles over the centuries. Today, it is a health and pleasure resort. Nandi
Hills was once the summer resort of Tipu Sultan. The charming landscape is
graced by two 1000 year old Shiva temples, one at the base and the other at
the top of the hills. Here, where four rivers find their source, one can discover
long peaceful walks around ancient brooding temples.
HOW TO GET THERE
Kolar is well connected by rail and road with almost all the important towns
and cities in the State. The nearest airport is at Bangalore.
29
KOPPAL
Koppal is the headquarters of this district. Other places of interest are given
below:
EXCURSIONS
Kanakagiri (40 km)
The old name of this town was Swarnagiri. It was the headquarters of the
southern area of the Mauryan empire. During the Vijayanagar period, this
was the chief town of the Bedar Rajas. Kanakachalapati temple with its
spacious halls and massive pillars is a fine specimen of the South Indian
architecture of Vijayanagar times.
Kuknur (32 km)
The folklore speak of this place as the legendary Kuntalapura of Mahabharata
period. The Navalinga group of temples here respresent early Chalukyan
architecture.
HOW TO GET THERE
Koppal is well connected by rail and road to most of the important cities of the
area.
MANDYA
The district Mandya, on the south-eastern part of Karnataka, derives its name
from its administrative headquarters town, which is an important commercial
centre. The name Mandya itself may have originated from the popular belief
that Mandavya - a holy man lived in the area in ancient times. The district
covers an area of about 4850.8 square kilometres and the greatest assets of
this state are its four rivers, the Kaveri, Hemavati, Lokapavani and Shimsha
that give the district both religious importance and scenic beauty.
Mandya, the district headquarters has gained importance because of the
Mandya sugar factory, which is now one of the biggest in India.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Janardhanaswami Temple
The principal deity is flanked by Sridevi and Bhudevi on either side.
The temple’s gopura, recently renovated, adds to the aesthetics of the temple.
Annual car festival: April to May
EXCURSIONS
Brindavan Gardens (43 km)
The Brindavan Gardens, usually associated with Mysore, is actually situated
in the Mandya district, at the base of the Krishnarajasagara Dam built across
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the river Kaveri. The dam, 2 4 km long and forming a 130 sq km lake, is one
of the biggest in India. It has been built in stone without cement and comprises
of parapets and a grotto for the river Goddess Kaveri. The terraced Brindavan
gardens, with swirling fountains and illuminated by colourful lights, looks like
a fairyland at night. Boating facilities are also available here.
Kokrebellur Bird Sanctuary (20 km)
This little village attracts cranes, painted storks, pelicans and other large
bird visitors from as far away as Australia, Africa and Europe. The best season
to spot these migratory birds is from October to March.
Maddur (14 km)
Maddur was originally known as Arjunapura, after the Pandava prince who
is believed to have come here on pilgrimage. In more recent history, the
town suffered heavily during Tipu’s wars with the British. Among the important
temples here are, the Narasimha temple of the Hoysala period, built of black
stone, and the Varadaraja temple, a pre-Chola structure.
Melukote (30 km)
Melukote or 'high fort' is an important religious centre. The Cheluvarayaswami
temple here, came under the special patronage of the Mysore Rajas and
holds a valuable collection of Royal jewels. Built on the rocky hills of Yadugiri,
the town also attracts visitors for its bracing climate and breathtaking scenic
beauty.
Ranganathittu Bird Sanctuary (36 km)
The Kaveri river is studded with small islets here. Ranganathittu is a paradise
for birds coming from Siberia, Australia and North America. Visitors are taken
around the lake in a boat run by the Forest Department', for a closer view of
the birds. The best season to visit this bird sanctuary is between May and
November.
Sivasamudram (44 km)
This island town is nature at its best in quiet seclusion. Surrounded by forested
hills and valleys, the river Kaveri separates into two streams that thunder
down 106.68 metres of rocky hillside. The Gaganachukki falls on the western
branch of the river and the Bharachukki falls on the east, are best viewed
during the monsoon, from July to mid November.
Shrirangapattana (33 km)
Shrirangapattana has been named after the presiding deity in the Sri Ranganatha Temple, built in the 15th century by Tirumala, a Ganga King. Once the
capital of the Rajas of Mysore, Shrirangapattana was also the seat of
government for Hyder j3i}$LTipu. The famous Fort of Shrirangapattana is
H
31
zoo
protected on the north and west by the river Kaveri. It contains the remains
of Lal Mahal, Tipu’s Palace, seven outlets and dungeons.
On the north bank of the river is Tipu’s Darya Daulat Bagh and the elegant
summer palace which was his favourite place of retreat. The building, with
paintings on the wall, is an excellent specimen of Saracenic architecture.
3 km from here is the Tipu Gumbaz where Tipu and his parents are buried.
The Gumbaz is built like the Taj at Agra.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airports are at Bangalore (110 km) and Mysore (50 km). Mandya
town is connected by rail and road with almost all the important cities in the
State.
MYSORE
Mysore, aptly called the “Sandalwood city", was once the residence of the
Maharajas of Mysore. It is situated at the north-western base of the Chamundi
Hill. Mysore, with its numerous parks and palaces, still retains the aura of
grandeur and royalty. The best time to visit Mysore is during the Dasara
festival (September-October), when the city wears a bright look for 10 days,
bathed in light, joy and colour.
The Royal procession on the tenth day, is a reminder of the pomp and
splendour of a bygone era. For Mysoreans, Dasara is both a royal as well as
a religious festival. Mysore is also known for its sandalwood oil, incenses
and innumerable craft centres dealing in a wide range of ivory, sandalwood,
rosewood, teak carvings and furniture.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Chamarajendra Art Gallery
The Jaganmohan Palace house this art gallery, which has a vast collection
of paintings by renowned artists like Ravi Varma and Nicholas Roerich.
Also on display here are curios in ceramics, sandalwood, ivory, ancient
musical instruments and furniture.
Timings: 08.00 to 12 noon
14.30 to 18 hrs
Chamundi Hill (13 km)
The legendary hill where the goddess Chamundi is said to have destroyed
the monster Mahishasura, thus bringing peace to the people. The Sri Chamundeswari temple found here is 2000 years old. Halfway up the hill, a 4.8 metres
high, 7.6 metres wide monolithic statue of the Nandi Bull is artistically executed
with rich ornaments. An imposing figure of Mahishasura can also be found
on the hill.
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Maharaja’s Palace
Formerly the official residence of the Maharajas of Mysore, the palace is an
imposing structure located in the heart of the city. Built in the Indo-Saracenic
style, the palace has ornate domes, archways, turrets, colomnades and
sculptures. The magnificent Durbar Hall is an extravaganza of stained glass
ceiling, reflecting mirrors, mosaic floors and wooden doors with beautiful
carvings. The palace is richly illuminated on Sunday nights.
Zoological Gardens
This century-old Zoo houses nearly 2000 animals. It has the distinction of
breeding wild animals in captivity.
EXCURSIONS
Kabani Jungle Lodge (80 km)
Located in the eastern fringes of Nagarhole Wildlife Sanctuary. The lush,
thick forests and the Kabani river, provide a perfect habitat for many wild
animals and birds.
Nanjangud (22 km)
Situated on the right bank of the Kabani river, Nanjangud is an important
pilgrim centre. The temple’s car festival and procession is held towards the
end of March every year.
Somnathpur (40 km)
The Sri Somnath Temple here is a splendid example of the Hoysala style of
architecture.
Talakad (45 km)
This ancient town and pilgrim centre is situated on the left bank of the river
Kaveri. The old city of Talakad is now completely buried under the sands.
The town has five lingas housed in lovely temples which are worshipped
with elaborate rituals during the Panchalinga Darshan festival that occurs
once in twelve years.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest major airport is at Bangalore, 142 km away. Mysore is well
connected with the rest of India by rail and road services.
RAICHUR
Raichur district was once known as Kishkindha, the legendary kingdom of
the Vanaras (monkeys). Raichur is also associated with episodes from the
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Hindu epics, the Ramayana and Mahabharatha. Many pre-historic sites and
neo-lithic artifacts can be found in this district. Raichur town is also a place of
considerable historical importance.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Ek-Minarki Masjid
Built in the Persian style, this mosque is identical in form, to the Chand Minar
at Daulatabad. The mosque has a two-storeyed minaret, 20 metres high,
with a winding staircase leading to the top. From the top, one can get a
beautiful view of the town.
The Hill Fort
The hill fort of Raichur, is surrounded on three sides by massive, low circuit
walls. The speciality of the inner walls, made of huge blocks of stone is that,
they have been built without the aid of any cementing material. Kannada
inscriptions can be found inside the fort.
Jami Masjid
This handsome structure contains six massive pillars, and a cemetry
belonging to the Adil Shahi dynasty. Nearby, are the remains of an ancient
palace.
The Tomb of the Muslim Saint
This is a beautiful structure, built in the Bijapur style, with a rectangular hall
and a beautiful dome.
EXCURSIONS
Hatti Gold Mines (70 km)
This ancient gold mining site, has now been transferred into a new township
due to the intensification of gold mining activity.
Mudgal (105 km)
A historical town, Mudgal has several inscriptions belonging to the Yadavas
of Devagiri. The main attractions here are the remnants of the Mudgal
fort and an ancient Roman Catholic Church built by the Jesuits before
1557.
HOW TO GET THERE
Raichur is on the main broad gauge trunk route from Chennai to Delhi via
Hyderabad. Raichur is also well connected with other cities by good
roads.
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SHIMOGA
The district of Shimoga, situated roughly in the mid-south-western part of
the State, derives its name from its administrative headquarters town,
Shimoga. The western part of the district has superb tropical forests and
beautiful hilly areas. The eastern region is less dense but has several lakes
and river valleys.
The town of Shimoga, on the banks of river Tunga, lies about 274 km, south
west of Bangalore city. It was an important stronghold of the Keladi Nayakas
during the 16th century and a stately old building, now converted into a
museum, was the palace of Shivappa Nayaka Shimoga is now, an important
industrial, commercial and educational centre.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Church of the Sacred Heart of Jesus
This imposing structure, built in the Roman and Gothic styles of architecture,
has beautiful stained glass panes.
The Government Museum
This museum displays palm leaf manuscripts, coins, copper plates and
statues made in the Hoysala style. An interesting exhibit is a 18.29 metre
long ancient accounts book.
The Shimoga Fort
Though the fort is largely in ruins, the recently renovated Seetharamanjaneya
shrine is an excellent example of the elegance of Hoysala workmanship.
EXCURSIONS
Agumbe (90 km)
At 826 metres above sea level, Agumbe is an enchanting place that can be
reached through a winding ghat road. The sunset watched from this hill top,
is a truly brilliant sight. A platform for visitors has been erected, specially for
this. As the sun sets each evening, it takes on different shapes, colours and
postures, which the western sea reflects. The little streams that run down
wooded hills, add to the beauty of this place. The best season for viewing is
from November to January.
Bhadravati (18 km)
Bhadravati, popularly known as the "Steel Town", is situated on the banks of
the river Bhadra. The first state owned iron and steel factory was started
here in 1923. The 13th century Lakshminarasimha temple, belonging to the
Hoysala period, is found in the centre of the old town. Besides other interesting
features, the temple also has an exquisite 0.92 metre high Ganapathi idol.
35
Gajanur (10 km)
Situated near a crest of the western ghats, Gajanur has an elephant camp
and a dam constructed across the river Tunga. The hillocks near the Gajanur
tank, provide an enchanting view of the area.
Jog Falls (103 km)
At this magnificent place, the river Sharavathi, flowing over a rocky bed,
reaches a steep chasm of 292 metres and leaps down in four distinct falls Raja, Rani, Rocket and Roarer - presenting a spectacle of breathtaking
beauty. The Mahatma Gandhi Hydro-electric Power Station was installed
here more than 40 years ago.
Nearby is the Sharavathi Valley Wildlife Sanctuary, 40 kms from Sagar
town.
Mandagadde Bird Sanctuary (30 km)
This natural bird sanctuary, is located on the banks of the river Tunga. Every
year, flocks of migratory birds take shelter on the leafless trees found here.
Season: July to October.
Tavarekoppa (10 km)
The forest department has set up the Shettyhally Lion safari here.
HOW TO GET THERE
The nearest airport is at Mangalore, 200 km away. Shimoga is connected by
railway with Bangalore, Mysore and Hubli, and by road with all the important
towns and cities.
TUMKUR
Tumkur district, situated in the eastern part of Karnataka, has very few
places of tourist interest. Tumkur town, established by Kante Arasu of the
Mysore royal family, is now the most populous town of the district. It is the
chief administrative, commercial and business centre of the district.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Lakshmikanthaswamy Temple
This Dravidian structure, constructed during the early Vijayanagar period, is
the largest and most ancient temple in the town.
Siddhaganga Kshetra (5 km)
A temple of Siddalingeshvara and a gurukula-type higher education centre
for the Veerashaivas is located here. The natural spring found here, is
considered sacred by the devout.
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Turuvekere
The town contains three temples and a few inscriptions belonging to the
Hoysala period. Among the beautiful sculptures found here, the large
recumbent bull, carved in black stone, found in front of the Gangadhareshvara
temple is a fine piece of sculpture.
EXCURSIONS
Devarayanadurga (10 km)
A fortified hill, set amidst picturesque scenery. Near a spring, known as Anedone, are the remains of the tomb of an elephant. Nearby are, the Narasimha
temple, the Bukkasamudra tank, and the Hanuman temple. Near this hill, is
a small natural spring called Namada Chilume, which fills and overflows the
mortar cut in the rock.
Sira (52 km)
Sira once served as the headquarters of a province under the Mughals, Bijapur
Sultans, Haider Ali and Tipu Sultan. Hence, all the major Muslim monuments
in the district, are found here. Remarkable among these, are the Jumma
Masjid and the Dargah of Malik Rihan, built in the Saracenic style.
Yadiyur (52 km)
Yadiyur is an important place of pilgrimage. The Siddhalingeshvara temple
found here is a large Dravidian structure, which attracts devotees all through
the year. The annual car festival is during the bright half of Chaitra (March to
April).
HOW TO GET THERE
Tumkur is connected by rail and road to Bangalore.
UDUPI
Udupi is newly bifurcated district. It has as its headquarters Udupi town, which
is a famous centre of pilgrimage. It gets its name from Udupa the moon,
associated with the Chandramouleshwara temple situated here. Famous Hindu
saints such as Chaitanya, Purandaradasa and Kanakadasa visited this place
for the dharshan of the Lord Krishna.
EXCURSIONS
Kallianpur (4 km)
The ruins of an old fort dating back to Vijayanagara days,are found here.
Temples of Kenchamma, Veerabhadra, Mahalingeshwara and Ganapathi are
famous here.
37
Karkal (44 km)
Famous for its 13 m high monolithic statue of Lord Gomaieswara, a Jain
Saint.
Malpe (4 km)
This port town has a beautiful beach.
Manipal (3 km)
This is a prominent industrial and commercial centre.
Maravanthe (54 km)
An excellent beach resort.
HOW TO GET THERE
Udupi is well connected by rail and road to most major cities in India.
UTTAR KANNAD
Uttar Kannad, located on the western coast, is a place of varied historical,
cultural and religious importance. It is one of the major touristic districts in
the state. An added attraction is its proximity to Goa on the north.
Karwar, the district headquarters, surrounded by beaches, is an excellent
beach resort. The town has been chosen as the site for a major naval base.
The drive from Hubli (Dharwad Dist.) to Karwar, a distance of 160 km, takes
one through hills and valleys covered with dense tropical jungles and plenty
of wildlife.
PLACES OF INTEREST
Karwar Harbour
The Karwar bay, apart from its scenic beauty, also boasts of an excellent
harbour which is fit for use during all seasons.
River Kalinadi
The river Kalinadi, flows through the town into the Arabian sea. Motor launches
are available for boating up the river Kali.
Muslin Factory
Karwar town is known for its fine muslin. The muslin industry was started in
1638, by Sir. William Counten, who opened a factory here.
38
EXCURSIONS
Banvasi (147 km)
Situated on the left bank of the Varada river, Banvasi is a place of great
antiquity. Once the capital city of the Kadambas, the main objects of interest
here are the Madhukeshvara temple, the ruins of a Buddhist stupa, the
Veerabhadra temple, and the several idols and Jain icons.
Dandeli (105 km)
Dandeli, an industrial township, is surrounded by an abundance of forest
and mineral wealth. A wildlife sanctuary is also situated here. Wild elephants,
bison, panther, tiger, sambar and chital roam freely in an area of 207 sq km.
The watch towers inside the sanctuary are inaccessible during the monsoon
months of June to October. The other tourist spots near Dandeli are, Najheri
view, Kawala caves, Synthery Rocks, Vincholi Rapids, Sykes Point and the
suspension bridge across the Kaneri.
Lushington Falls (110 km)
This famous waterfalls is located in Siddapur taluk, on the Shimoga border.
The falls is named after a district collector, who discovered the falls in 1845.
Magod Falls (125 km)
Here, the river Gangavati, forms a picturesque waterfall, leaping in a series
of cascades over the cliffs in three stages and presents an enchanting sight.
Yana (72 km)
Yana, also known as Bhairavakshetra, is an important pilgrim centre, situated
in a beautiful valley between the Jaddi ghat and the Devimane ghat. To reach
this place, one has to trek a distance of about 10 km by foot amidst thick
forest. The hills provide a fine view of the Yan valley. A hillock, rising about a
hundred metres high, contains the shrine of Bhairaveshvara. On the occasion
of Mahashivaratri, a fair is held here every year.
HOW TO GET THERE
Karwar is well-connected by road with all important towns in the State. It is
also an important sea port.
39
S3J.0N
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City Map Guidebooks
The chief feature of each of these handy reference guidebooks is
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buildings and public halls, parks and stadia and a street index. Special
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This makes the maps useful not only for tourists but for every citizen
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city, information about places of interest, a list of accommodation
with addresses and telephone numbers and bus route listing.
Ask for the following guidebooks at your nearest bookshop
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Ahmadabad
Allahabad
Bangalore
Bhubaneshwar
Calcutta
Chandigarh
Kathmandu
Kochi-Ernakulam
Lucknow
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Mumbai
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Chennai (Metro)
Delhi
Shimla
Hyderabad
Jaipur
Srinagar
Thiruvananthapuram
Pune
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