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Policy, Practice, Research, Dissemination and Dialogue: Using
evidence for improving HIV prevention and care in Karnataka
Findings from Karnataka
A Workshop Organized jointly by:
Karnataka State AIDS Prevention Society (KSAPS)
Karnataka Health Promotion Trust (KHPT), Bangalore
University of Manitoba
26 February, 2008
Bangalore
Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior on HIV/AIDS
NFHS-3
4
(t) USAID
FROM THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
2005-06 National Family Health Survey
(NFHS-3)
HIV Knowledge,
Stigma, and Behaviour
Fred Arnold
Macro International
Contents
Z^HIV/AIDS Knowledge
□ Stigma and Discrimination
□Sexual Behaviour
□Youth: Knowledge and Behaviour
□ Family Life Education
NFHS-3, India 200S-06
1
Knowledge of AIDS - Karnataka
Percentage age 15-49
96
84
81
Women
J
I
70
61
I
87
■ Urban
1 Rural
BH B
I
•MIK
□ Total
I'
Men
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
NAco /naKi
Trend in AIDS Knowledge
□Knowledge of AIDS among evermarried women in Karnataka
^3 increased from 58% in NFHS-2 to
85% in NFHS-3
/
|(o (
NF4S^3, Indja^fe-^
'C'
AO <
*
| 2-SS"|
FA
2
Women who have
heard of AIDS
w
4-
Percentage
(NFHS-3, 2005-06)
El below 40
(3)
□ 40 to 59.99
(6)
□ 60 to 79.99
(-11)
□ 80 and above (9)
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Men who have
heard of AIDS
J }
**■
Percentage
(NFHS-3, 2005-06)
□ 60.8 to 69.99 (2)
□ 70 to 89.99 (14)
□ 90 to 100
(13)
0 V
'A
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
3
Knowledge of AIDS by State
Percentage age 15-49
□ Women
]
Men
95
86
59 61
64
O 74 74
69 69 70 r~i rn
66 67
82 83
83 <—
5
(—1
L.
s'-
78
I
38 39
34
76
99
90
o'-
o'
f
O* st- r* o'
S
o'- o' o° o'"
«?■
In 11 of the 29 states, at least 3 out of four women
and men know about AIDS
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Sources of AIDS Knowledge - Karnataka
Percentage age 15-49
80 W
Television
84 tA
45
Radio
64 VA
40
Friend/relative
60 V\
30 W
Newspaper/magazine
Other sources
Cinema
Poster/hoarding
School/teacher
Health worker
52\^
14W
35tA
Women
Men
11\4
26
9^
24
14V
15 N\
11W
14
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
4
Knowledge of HIV Prevention Methods
Percentage age 15-49
KARNATAKA
75
74
64 Hl
rl
42
35
Use condoms
Women
Limit sexual
intercourse to one
uninfected partner
Abstain from sexual
intercourse
Men
NFHS-3. India 2005-06
Knowledge of Condoms for HIV/AIDS
Prevention - Karnataka
■ Women DMen
Percentage age 15-49
94
90
85
76 <
66
66
49
48
II
45
26
Urban
Rural
Residence
10
8
Lowest
Highest
Wealth Quintile
None
12+yrs
Education
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
5
Common Misconceptions - Karnataka
% who reject the
misconception
Women
(15-49)
Men
(15-49)
43
56
47
63
47
67
ALL THREE
35
46
A healthy-looking person cannot have
HIV/AIDS
36
54
Misconception:
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted by:
• Mosquito bites
• Sharing food with a person who has AIDS
• Hugging someone with AIDS
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
What is Comprehensive Knowledge?
Persons have comprehensive knowledge if they
know:
That using a condom and having just one
uninfected partner limits the risk of getting AIDS
AND
s That a healthy looking person can have AIDS
AND
Reject the two most common misconceptions
about AIDS transmission (transmission by
mosquito bites and by sharing food)
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
6
HIV/AIDS Awareness Indicators
Percentage of women and men
age 15-49:
I KARNATAKA]
12W
Who have a comprehensive
knowledge about HIV/AIDS
29^
Who know that HIV/AIDS can be
prevented by using condoms and by
having one uninfected partner
29 N
68 M
70N
Who have heard of AIDS
87^
Women
Men
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Women age 15-49 who
have comprehensive
knowledge of HIV/AIDS
z
AKABIAN SEA
■-
Percentage
(NFHS-3, 2005-06)
|F| Below 30
□
□
| |
30 to 44 99
45 to 59.99
60 and above
(24)
(3)
(1)
(1)
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
7
Men age 15-49 who
have comprehensive
knowledge of HIV/AIDS
Percentage
□
□
□
□
Below 30
(■tn
30 to 44 99
(12)
45 to 59.99
(3)
60 and above (3)
A
. %•
\' *
V
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Knowledge of Mother to Child Transmission
Percentage age 15-49
KARNATAKA
70
Women
Men
60
42
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from a
mother to her baby
48
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted from a
mother to her baby and the risk of
transmission can be reduced by the
mother taking special drugs
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
8
Knowledge of HIV Status - Karnataka
• Only 9% of women and 5% of men in Karnataka
have ever been tested for HIV
• Groups that are most likely to have been tested:
• Professionals (23% of women and 14% of men)
• Education 12+ (21% of women and 12% of men)
• Women not living with their husbands (18%)
• Those in the highest wealth quintile (17% of women
and 10% of men)
• Almost all those tested for HIV received the
results of the test
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Contents
□ HIV/AIDS Knowledge
Z^Stigma and Discrimination
□ Sexual Behaviour
□Youth: Knowledge and Behaviour
□ Family Life Education
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
9
Accepting Attitudes toward
Persons Living with HIV/AIDS
Percentage age 15-49
65
69
Are willing to care for a relative with
HIV/AIDS in own home
53
Would buy fresh vegetables from a
shopkeeper who has HIV/AIDS
61
Say that a female teacher who has
HIV/AIDS but is not sick should be
allowed to continue teaching
75
80
62
Would not want to keep secret that a
family member is infected with HIV/AIDS
58
29 V>l
29 VA
Express accepting attitudes on all 4
indicators
Women
KARNATAKA
Men
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Percentage Who Express Accepting
Attitudes on All Four Indicators by State
□ Women
Percentage age 15-49
45 46 46 47
26
28 29
29
29
29 30
F
30
37
33 34 35
Men
50 50 53
56
59
40 40 40
-P
t
t
t
♦
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
10
Contents
HIV/AIDS Knowledge
Stigma and Discrimination
Sexual Behaviour
□Youth: Knowledge and Behaviour
□Family Life Education
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Median Age at First Sexual Intercourse in
Karnataka
25.3
17.6
180
18.6
19-2
Men
Women
Age 35-39
25.5
Age 30-34
Age 25-29
Age 20-24
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
11
Percent Who First Had Sex by Age 18
53
Karnataka
50
45
40
5
I
4
f
r
4
3
1
I
______ Women___________________________ Men
Age 35-39 Age 30-34 Age 25-29 Age 20-24
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Higher-Risk Sex among Never Married
Men - Karnataka
□Among never married men age 15-49
who had sexual intercourse in the past
12 months, 14% had more than one
partner
□35% of never married men who had
higher risk sex in the past 12 months
used a condom the last time they had
sex
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
12
Paid Sex and Condom Use by Men Age 15-49
KARNATAKA
1.0 -i
0.8
80
0.6
60
0.4
0.3%
40
30%
0.2
20
0.0
Paid for sexual
intercourse in last 12
months
0
Used a condom at
last paid sex
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Attitudes toward Negotiating Sex with
Husband - Karnataka
If husband has a sexually transmitted disease,
his wife is justified in:
Percentage age 15-49
78
Refusing to have sexual intercourse
with him
82
Asking that they use a condom
83
Refusing to have sexual intercourse
with husband or asking to use a
condom
89
Women
Men
NFHS-3. India 2005-06
13
Contents
□ HIV/AIDS Knowledge
□ Stigma and Discrimination
□Sexual Behaviour
yYouth: Knowledge and Behaviour
□ Family Life Education
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Youth: Knowledge of HIV - Karnataka
Percentage of youth age 15-24
Women
Men
90
77
76
78
67
49
36
Heard of AIDS
Use condoms
Limit sexual
intercourse to
one uninfected
partner
46
Abstain from
sexual
intercourse
Prevention methods
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
14
Youth: Comprehensive Knowledge and Knowledge
of a Condom Source - Karnataka
Percentage of youth age 15-24
80
46
33
31
21
12
Who reject three
misconceptions and
know how to prevent
HIV/AIDS
With comprehensive
knowledge about
HIV/AIDS
Men
Who know a condom
source
Women
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Other Risk Behaviours
❖ 4% of women and 2% of men have ever had a
blood transfusion
Women age 40-49 are most likely to have had a blood
transfusion (8%)
<♦ More than half of women (54%) and men (58%) have had
at least one injection in the last 12 months
❖ On average, both women and men received 3 injections
in the last 12 months
❖ In almost all cases (94% for women and 97% for men),
the needle had been sterilized or was taken from a newly
opened package
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
15
Contents
□ HIV/AIDS Knowledge
□ Stigma and Discrimination
□Sexual Behaviour
□Youth: Knowledge and Behaviour
zVamily Life Education
NFHS-3, India 200S-06
Percentage who agree that family-life related topics
should be taught to children in school - Karnataka
% of women who
agree
% of men who
agree
Topic to be taught
in school
Girls
Boys
Girls
Boys
Pubertal changes
in boys’ bodies
68
76
84
91
Pubertal changes
in girls’ bodies
85
53
89
82
Sex and sexual
behavior
49
44
74
75
Contraception
51
41
77
76
HIV/AIDS
73
72
91
92
Condom use to
prevent STDs
45
43
82
82
16
For additional information on
NFHS-3, visit
yvwyv.nfhsindia.org
Thank
You
17
HIV Prevalence among General Population
NFHS-3
USAID
FROM THE AMERICAN PEOPLE
2005-06 National Family Health Survey
(NFHS-3)
HIV Prevalence
I
|iH
Fred Arnold
Macro International
Overview
❖ The 2005-06 National Family Health Survey
(NFHS-3) is the third in a series of surveys,
preceded by NFHS-1 in 1992-93 and NFHS-2 in
1998-99
❖ NFHS surveys are conducted under the
stewardship of Ministry of Health and Family
Welfare, Government of India
❖ The International Institute for Population
Sciences (UPS) in Mumbai has been the
coordinating agency for all three surveys
>6
1
Overview
❖ NFHS-3 is funded by USAID, DFID, the Gates
Foundation, UNICEF, UNFPA and GOI
❖ Macro International has provided technical
assistance to all three NFHS surveys
❖ The National AIDS Control Organization and
the National AIDS Research Institute assisted
with the HIV component of the survey
❖ NFHS-3 fieldwork was carried out by 18
Research Organizations
❖ ISEC carried out the fieldworkjn Karnataka
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
NFHS-3 Sample
Response
Number
Rate
Interviewed
Households
109,041
98
Women (age 15-49)
124,385
95
Men (age 15-54)
74,369
87
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
2
Topics Covered in NFHS-3
Household and housing characteristics
Characteristics of women and men
z Fertility and contraception
/ Utilization of health services and quality of
care
Maternal health
/ Child immunization and child health care
Nutrition
/ HIV related knowledge, stigma, high-risk
behavior
/ Women’s status
Domestic Violence
NFHS-3, India 2OO6-OB
Contents of Presentation
Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
□ How HIV Was Tested in NFHS-3
□ Coverage of HIV Testing
□ HIV Prevalence
□ Analysis of Missed Population
NFHS-3. India 2006-0S
3
Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
> HIV testing of dried blot spots
> Haemoglobin testing for anaemia
> Height and weight measurement
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Goals for HIV Prevalence Estimates
HIV prevalence was to be estimated:
For the general population in India, by sex, age,
urban-rural residence, and groups of states
J For each of NACO’s six “high prevalence” states,
Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Manipur,
Nagaland, and Tamil Nadu, by sex
s For one low prevalence state, Uttar Pradesh, by sex
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
4
Contents
□ Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
How HIV Was Tested in NFHS-3
□ Coverage of HIV Testing
HIV Prevalence
□ Analysis of Missed Population
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Collection of Blood Samples in the Field
for HIV Testing
■ Blood spots from a finger
prick were collected on a
special filter paper card
■ No names or personal
identifiers were placed on
the filter paper sample
■ Self-adhesive barcode
labels bearing the same
numbers were affixed to
the filter paper card and
the questionnaire for each
individual respondent
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
5
Storage and Shipment of Samples
fl
s s X ■
X X
i '. '
■ After collection, samples were
dried overnight in a drying
box with desiccants and a
humidity indicator card
■ Appropriately packaged DBS
samples were transported to
the SRL Ranbaxy collection
centres
■ The collection centres were
responsible for transporting
samples in a biosafe manner
to the Ranbaxy lab in Mumbai
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
External Quality Control
■ A sub-sample of more than 5,000 DBS
samples was sent to the National AIDS
Research Institute (NARI) in Pune for
external quality control (QC)
■ All positive samples and 5% of negative
samples were sent for external QC
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
6
Linking HIV Test Results to the
Questionnaire Data
■ The HIV test results were linked to the
questionnaire data through barcodes
■ To further preserve anonymity,
enumeration area and household numbers
were randomly scrambled before the
questionnaire data file was merged with
the HIV test result file
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Ethical Standards Followed
^NFHS-3 strictly followed all
international and Indian
guidelines for the ethical and
safe collection of blood and
for HIV testing
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
7
Contents
□ Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
□ How HIV Was Tested in NFHS-3
^Coverage of HIV Testing
□ HIV Prevalence
□ Analysis of Missed Population
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Coverage of HIV Testing
■ Blood samples for HIV testing were
collected from women age 15-49 and men
age 15-54 in randomly selected households
■ Blood could not be collected in Nagaland
due to local opposition
■ NFHS-3 HIV prevalence estimates are based
on tests of 102,946 blood samples (50,093
from men and 52,853 from women)
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
8
Coverage of HIV Testing
■ Percent of eligible women and men in
India whose blood was tested for HIV
■ Women: 85 percent
■ Men: 78 percent
■ Response rates are comparable to HIV
test response rates in other national
household surveys worldwide
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Response Rates in Six States
Women (%)
Men (%)
Tamil Nadu
93
90
Manipur
91
85
83
82
78
82
81
79
72
68
State
Andhra Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Response rates are higher than the national average in Tamil
Nadu and Manipur, about the same as the national average in
UP and Andhra Pradesh, and lower than the national average
in Maharashtra and Karnataka
NFHS-3, India 2006-06|
9
Non-Response Rates by Reason (Karnataka)
Women
Men
(%)
(%)
Not interviewed*
8
17
Refused to give blood
6
6
Absent at time of
blood collection
1
2
Reason
Other
4
3
*
Persons who were not interviewed were not eligible for
blood collection
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Contents
□ Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
□ How HIV Was Tested in NFHS-3
□ Coverage of HIV Testing
HIV Prevalence
□ Analysis of Missed Population
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
10
HIV Prevalence
HIV prevalence for women and men age 15-49
INDIA
Total: 0.28%
Confidence interval:
0.23-0.33
Women: 0.22%
Men: 0.36%
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
HIV Prevalence
HIV prevalence for women and men age 15-49
KARNATAKA
INDIA
Total: 0.28%
Total: 0.69%
Confidence interval:
Confidence interval:
0.23-0.33
0.44-0.93
Women: 0.22%
Women: 0.54%
Men: 0.36%
Men: 0.86%
NFHS-3. India 2005-06
11
HIV Prevalence by State
Total
Women
Men
State
(%)
(%)
(%)
Manipur
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
Non-high
prevalence states
1.13
0.97
0.69
0.62
0.34
0.07
0.76
0.76
0.54
0.48
0.40
0.05
1.59
1.22
0.86
0.78
0.27
0.10
0.12
0.08
0.16
India
0.28
0.22
0.36
NFHS-3, India 2006-0S
HIV Prevalence by Residence and
Sex, India
Sex
Women (%) Men (%)
Total (%)
Urban
0.29
0.41
0.35
Rural
0.18
0.32
0.25
India
0.22
0.36
0.28
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
12
Ratios of HIV Prevalence Rates by
Residence and Sex
Female:Male
Rural:Urban
Manipur
Andhra Pradesh
Karnataka
Maharashtra
Tamil Nadu
Uttar Pradesh
Non-high
prevalence states
1:2.1
1:1.6
1:1.6
1:1.6
1:0.7
1:2.1
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
1:2.1
NA
India
1:1.6
1:1.4
State
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
HIV Prevalence by Age, India
Age
Total (%)
Women (%)
Men (%)
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
50-54
0.04
0.18
0.35
0.54
0.37
0.30
0.33
0.07
0.17
0.28
0.45
0.23
0.19
0.17
NA
NA
0.01
0.19
0.43
0.64
0.53
0.41
0.48
0.34
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
13
HIV Prevalence in India by Prior HIV Testing
Only 3% of women and 4% of men in India
have ever been tested for HIV
1.71
□ Women
DMen
0.49
0.40
0.25
Ever tested
Never tested
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
HIV Status among Married Couples in India
>NFHS-3 data on women and men
can be linked to identify married
couples
>Married couples in which both the
wife and the husband were tested
for HIV in NFHS-3 can be studied to
examine HIV discordance
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
14
HIV Discordance among Couples
■ Among the 27,771 married couples who were
tested for HIV in NFHS-3, there were 138
couples in India in which the wife or the
husband or both were HIV positive
■ Among these couples
■ For 22%, both the husband and wife were
HIV positive
■ For 64%, only the husband was HIV
positive
■ For 14%, only the wife was HIV positive
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Contents
□ Biomarker Tests in NFHS-3
□ How HIV Was Tested in NFHS-3
□ Coverage of HIV Testing
□ HIV Prevalence
I
Analysis of Missed Population
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
15
Non-Response Analysis
When is non-response important?
Substantial bias is possible only if
both of the elements below are
present
1.
Non-response is large
2. Prevalence rates are very different
between those tested and those not
tested
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
NFHS-3 Analytical Approach
Eligible respondents in India are
divided into three categories
1. Interviewed and tested
2. Interviewed but not tested
3. Not interviewed, not tested
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
16
NFHS-3 Analytical Approach
>
HIV prevalence is predicted among those
who were not tested based on a model of
HIV for those who were tested
>
Separate predictions are made for “not
interviewed, not-tested” and “interviewed,
not-tested” groups
>
Adjusted HIV prevalence is calculated as a
weighted average of observed prevalence
in the tested group and predicted
prevalence in the two non-tested groups
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Observed and Adjusted HIV Prevalence Rates
Percent
1.0
India
0.8
0.6
0.36
0.4
0.28
0.28
0.37
0.36
0.28
0.22
0.19
0-21
0.2
0.0
'Total
VC Tested
^Woqien________
Not tested
Men
Adjusted
NFHS-3. India 2005-06
17
Analysis of Missed Populations
Household surveys may miss persons who
do not live in households
> Homeless population
> People staying in group quarters
(hospitals, barracks, dormitories,
brothels, prisons, monasteries)
> 2001 Census shows 1.9 million
houseless persons and 7.8 million
persons living in group quarters
> In Karnataka, there are 102,000
houseless persons and 483,000 persons
living in group quarters, according to the
census
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
Analysis of Missed Populations
•
NFHS-3 does not miss highrisk groups unless they do not
live in households!!!!
NFHS-3, India 200S-06
18
HIV Prevalence under Various Assumptions
about the Missed Population in India
Assumption
NFHS-3 actual HIV prevalence
HIV prevalence
0.28
HIV assumptions for missed
populations
10 times national HIV (2.81%)
20 times national HIV (5.62%)
10% HIV prevalence
0.31
0.34
0.40
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
Conclusions of Special Analyses
• NFHS-3 provides an accurate and robust
estimate of HIV prevalence in the general
household population age 15-49
• Analysis of non-response and missed
populations provides evidence that HIV
prevalence in the general population age 1549 in India is approximately 0.3%, and could
not be higher than 0.4% under any
reasonable assumptions
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
19
New GOI/UNAIDS HIV Estimates
> Based on the HIV results from NFHS-3
and other data, the Government of
India and UNAIDS released new
prevalence estimates of HIV in India
last year
> The new official estimate of HIV
prevalence among the adult
population was revised downward
from 0.92% to 0.36%
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
New HIV estimates
• The estimated number of persons in
India living with HIV was reduced
from 5.2-5.7 million to 2.5 million
• This was the largest single
adjustment that led UNAIDS to
reduce the global estimate of the
number of persons living with HIV
from 39.5 million to 33.2 million
NFHS-3, India 2005-06
20
HIV Prevalence - Summary
> Despite the lower HIV
prevalence estimates for India,
strong programmes are still
required to prevent the further
spread of HIV
NFHS-3, India 2006-06
21
Levels & trends in HIV Prevalence among ANC
attendees
Table 1 Profile of ANC attendees
Year
I
_____ 2006
_____ 2005
_____ 2004
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
36.4
7866
8461
39.3
8155
37.8
37.0
13761
63.6
13444
62.2
60.7
63.0
13073
49.9
10800
50.0
10800
50.0
10800
50.2
50.1
10827
10734
10800
50.0
50.0
49.8
27.7
33.4
7010
32.5
5983
35.1
7200
15644
72.3
64.9
14334
66.6
14590
67.5
12000
55.5
11934
55.4
55.6
12000
55.5
44.4
9627
44.5
44.5
9600
44.6
9600
13.2
3075
3028
14.0
2846
15.8
14.3
53.1
11814
54.6
52.5
11435
53.1
11473
25.4
25.9
24.9
5473
25.4
5489
5593
1239
5.8
1306
6.0
1106
5.1
5.3
1.4
312
1.4
304
1.4
1.2
268
14510
67.4
68.3
14501
67.1
14660
67.8
7024
31.7
32.6
7099
32.9
6967
32.2
61.8
12819
12658
12039
55.7
59.5
58.6
10.8
2528
11.7
2578
11.9
2281
10.5
7.8
1673
7.8
1786
8.3
1575
7.3
2.7
3.4
681
3.2
816
3.8
745
5.2
1250
5.6
5.8
1243
1209
5.8
10.5
2387
11.1
2338
10.8
2759
12.8
174
0.8
0.9
160
0.7
282
1.3
0.2
22
0.1
20
0.1
0.0
10
21534
21627 ~
21599 -
_______ 2003
Number Percent
Locality
jANC/FRU
Education status
Lone
|Age group
|Age group
| Occupation
Total
Urban
Rural
DH
FRU
Illiterate
Literate
South
North
<20
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
<25 years
25+ years
Agricultural and unskilled worker
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
Industrial and factory worker
Hotel staff
Service class people
Businessmen
Unemployed
Student
7992
13598
10800
10790
7571
14019
11990
9600
3406
11337
5385
1150
312
14743
6847
13337
2325
1694
593
1116
2276
201
48
21590 -
Table 2 HIV prevalence by profile of ANC attendees
Total
District Name
Locality
ANC/FRU
Education status
Zone
Age group
Age group
Occupation
2004_______
_____ 2003
2005______
2006_____
Number Percent
I
Number
F
I
Percent
INumber
Perce
F
nt Number
I
Perc
F
ent
1.52'
21590 ’
1.46 '
21534 ‘
21600 "
1.34 ' 21627 '
1.13
1.88
2.50
0.88
800
Bangalore (Rural)
800
800
800
0.50
0.63
800
Bangalore (Urban)
800
1.38
800
0.50
800
1.38
800
800
Bagalkot
3.13
2.63
800
2.88
800
2.13
800
1.13
0.88
800
1.50
800
Bellary
1.63
800
800
Belgaum
4.50
800
4.25
800
3.63
800
3.13
0.88
0.88
800
0.88
800
800
Bidar
1.38
800
2.13
800
Bijapur
1.63
800
1.38
800
811
1.23
Chamarajnagar
800
1.00
800
1.63
800
1.38
790
0.51
734
0.95
0.88
800
1.50
Chikmagalur
800
0.50
800
0.75
800
0.63
800
0.25
800
0.38
800
Chitradurga
2.13
1.38
800
1.38
800
800
0.88
800
Davangere
1.13
800
0.88
800
800
0.88
1.13
800
Gadag
0.88
800
2.25
800
2.63
800
Gulbarga
800
1.63
1.00
1.38
800
2.38
800
Hassan
0.75
800
800
0.63
800
0.38
800
0.63
800
Haveri
1.38
800
2.63
3.00
800
2.88
800
800
0.88
Dharwad
800
1.38
0.75
816
1.35
800
Uttara Kannada (Karwar)
800
1.00
800
800
0.75
800
0.75
800
0.75
800
Kolar
1.00
3.00
2.88
800
1.63
800
4.13
800
800
Koppal
800
0.25
800
1.13
1.13
800
1.00
Mandya
800
0.75
800
0.75
800
0.50
800
800
Kodagu (Coorg)
0.25
1.38
0.38
800
0.75
800
800
0.88
800
Mangalore (Dakshina Kannada)
800
1.00
800
0.50
2.38
800
1.13
800
Mysore
1.13
800
1.63
800
1.38
800
800
1.63
Raichur
0.88
800
0.50
800
0.75
800
0.50
800
Shimoga
1.00
800
1.88
800
1.50
800
0.75
800
Tumkur
0.63
800
0.75
800
1.00
800
800
0.88
Udupi
7866
1.25
1.62
8155
1.53
7992
1.46
8461
Urban
13444
1.22
13761
1.06
1.46
13073
1.45
13598
Rural
1.54
1.37
1.50
10800
10800
1.33
10800
10800
DH
1.14
10827
0.89
1.58
10734
1.54
10800
10790
FRU
1.72
7010
1.90
5983
1.35
7571
1.92
7200
Illiterate
15644
1.04
1.21
14334
1.42
14590
1.07
14019
Literate
11934
1.22
12000
0.92
12000
0.93
11990
0.90
South
9627
1.37
1.89
9600
1.86
9600
2.16
9600
North
1.27
1.52
1.02
2846
3075
1.41
3028
3406
<20
11814
1.02
11337
1.39I
11435
1.45i
11473
1.19
20-24
1.49i
5593
1.27
1.61
5489
5385
1.62:
5473
25-29
2.42!
1306
1.38;
1106
1.90
1150i
1.30 I
1239
30-34
304
1.97
268
1.12
312
2.24t
312
1.28I
35+
1.40 I
1.41
14501
1.26i
14660
1.02
<25 years
14743i
14510i
1.74F
1.49I
6967
6847
7024
7099
1.36
1.59I
25+ years
1.41
1.44I
1.34F
12039
0.97
Agricultural and unskilled worker
13337
12819i
12658
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
2.32!
2528i
2.22>
2578
1.86i
2281
1.36
2325i
1694
1.30
1.43
1.23I
1575
Industrial and factory worker
1673i
1786
0.89
1.62
1.47r
593
1.69
681
816
745
0.81
Hotel staff
1116
1.25
1250I
1.12
1243
1.53I
1209
1.65
Service class people
Businessmen
0.97
2387
1.34
0.81I
2759
1.63
2276
2338
174i
Unemployed
201
1.99
3.45
160
0.00
282
1.06
io|
Student
48
22>
0.00
20
0.00
0.00
2.08|
j
Table 3 Syphilis prevalence by profile of ANC attendees
Total
District Name
Locality
ANC/FRU
Education status
Zone
Age group
Age group
Occupation
2006
_____ 2004
2005_____
_____ 2003
I
ent
Number Percent
I
INumber 1Percent INumber IPercent Number Perc
1.17“
21627 ‘
21600 ’
0.37
1.70 ' 21534 ’
0.84
21590 '
0.75
0.50
800
800
0.00
800
800
0.13
Bangalore (Rural)
0.50
800
0.38
800
1.25
800
800
1.38
Bangalore (Urban)
800
0.00
8.13
11.75
800
9.50
800
800
Bagalkot
800
0.50
0.25
800
0.00
800
800
0.25
Bellary
800
0.00
0.00
800
0.00
1.00
800
800
Belgaum
0.88
0.50
800
0.75
800
800
3.00
800
Bidar
0.99
800
0.63
811
0.75
800
0.38
800
Bijapur
0.00
800
800
0.00
800
0.25
790
0.38
Chamarajnagar
0.14
800
0.00
734
800
800
0.38
Chikmagalur
800
0.13
800
0.50
800
0.38
800
0.13
Chitradurga
800
0.13
0.25
800
0.75
800
800
2.75
Davangere
0.13
800
0.25
800
0.25
800
0.25
800
Gadag
1.25
1.25
800
4.75
800
3.63
800
800
Gulbarga
0.00
800
800
0.25
800
800
0.25
Hassan
0.00
0.75
800
1.13
800
0.25
800
Haveri
800
800
0.13
1.38
800
0.63
800
1.13
800
Dharwad
0.38
816
0.86
800
2.75
800
0.75
800
Uttara Kannada (Karwar)
800
0.13
800
800
0.25
0.75
800
Kolar
1.63
1.13
800
800
5.63
4.13
800
8.75
800
Koppal
1.63
800
0.75
800
Mandya
800
3.13
800
2.13
800
0.50
800
0.13
800
0.38
0.00
800
Kodagu (Coorg)
0.00
800
0.25
800
0.25
0.25
800
800
Mangalore (Dakshina Kannada)
0.00
1.00
800
0.50
800
0.63
800
800
Mysore
0.63
0.00
0.00
800
Raichur
800
0.25
800
800
800
0.50
800
0.13
800
0.25
0.00
800
Shimoga
0.00
800
800
0.50
800
0.38
800
0.63
Tumkur
0.00
800
0.25
800
0.00
800
0.00
800
Udupi
0.52
7992
1.84
8461
1.48
8155
1.01
7866
Urban
13444
0.74
13761
0.29
13598
1.62
13073
0.96
Rural
0.80
0.72
10800
0.35
10800
DH
10800
1.21
10800
10734
1.54
10827
0.40
10790
2.19
10800
0.95
FRU
0.55
2.09
1.36
7010
1.18
5983
7571
7200
Illiterate
14334
0.67
15644
0.31
14019
1.49
1.07
14590
Literate
0.24
11990
0.83
11934
0.44
12000
0.38
12000
South
1.41
9627
0.54
9600
2.79
9600
2.06
9600
North
0.46
1.64
3075•
0.75
0.66i
2846
3028
3406
<20
11814
1.67
1.27
0.83;
0.35
20-24
11337
11435i
11473
5593
0.34
5385
1.82
5473i
1.28i
5489
0.95i
25-29
0.84
1106
0.72
1150I
1.57
1239I
1.05i
1306
30-34
0.00
312
312:
o.ooI
304
0.99I
268
1.92
35+
14660
0.37
14743I
1.66 i___ 14510I
1.16i
14501
0.79I
<25 years
6847
1.78i
7024L
1.18•
0.93I
6967
0.39
25+ years
7099
13337
1.63i
12819I
0.98I
0.92!
12039
0.35
Agricultural and unskilled worker
12658
2.24i
1.31
2281
0.48
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
2325i
2528I
2578
1.01
0.44
1694I
1.71
Industrial and factory worker
1673!
1.08I
1786
0.39)
1575
593I
2.02!
681
1.32!
745
0.40
Hotel staff
816
0.25>
0.50
Service class people
1116>
1.43I
1250)
1.12!
1243
0.48I
1209
Businessmen
2276»
1.58I
2387r
2.09)
2338
0.98J
2759
0.33
Unemployed
1.99I
174I
1.15>
0.635
282
0.00
201
160
48I
0.00)
0.00)
10
0.00
Student
22’
0.00)
20
Ecological analysis of Differential trends in HIV
among ANC attendees
Focus of the Present Analysis
Differential Trends in HIV
Prevalence among ANC Clinic
Attenders in Karnataka by
Intensity of District-Level
Intervention: an Ecological
Analysis
• Examine trends over time in HIV prevalence
from annual HIV surveillance conducted
among antenatal clinic (ANC) attenders in
Karnataka from 2003 to 2006
• Use a multivariate model and generalized
estimating equations to compare trends in HIV
prevalence between 18 districts with an
intensive preventive intervention (IPI) and the
other 9 districts with a less intensive
preventive intervention, controlling for district
HIV prevalence at baseline, rural/urban
location and other factors.
5
Number
DH
3
HIV Prevalence among ANC Clinic
Attenders by Age in Karnataka
Distribution of ANC Attenders by Type of
Site, Karnataka (27 Districts)
Year
r.
2
FRU
2001
3997
3997
0
2002
11600
10000
1600
2003
21590
10800
10790
2004
21534
10800
10734
2005
21600
10800
10800
2006
21627
10800
10827
o
£ 1.5
—
I> «
X
X
x 0.5
0
2003
2(K)4
2005
2006
Year
I-*-15-24 -0- 25+ -A-Overall
3
NFHS
NFHS male
NFHSfemale]
3
1
HIV Prevalence among ANC Attenders < 25
Years by Locality
HIV Prevalence among ANC Attenders < 25
Years by Literacy
1.8
2.0
1.8
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
-o■o-
0.4
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
2003
2004
2005
UrbaiT
2006
2003
Rural |
2<K)4
2005
2006
Illlilerale ~O~ Literate]
JE
f!"
3
HIV Prevalence among ANC Attenders
< 25 Years by Intervention Area
1.6
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
Multivariate Model of Trends in HIV
Prevalence Among ANC Attenders < 25
•
-o
Logistic regression with General Estimating Equations (GEE)
was used (STATA, stgee-logit)
• All records among women under 25 from all 54 ANC sites were
included, from 2003-2006
• Variables included in the final model were:
• type of site (DH/FRU)
• locality (rural/urban)
0.2
0.0
2003
2004
2005
•
•
•
•
2006
Intensive intervention districts (18)
-O Less intensive intervention districts (9)
s
HIV prevalence per district in 2003 (pre-intervention)
District group (by intensive/less intensive)
Interaction between year and program
Literacy (literate/non-literate)
• Term for centering the year
2
Results of Multivariate Model
Parameter
Adjusted
odds ratio
0?79
0.67-0.94
0.008
Rural location
0.87
0.73-1.04
Literate
0.79
Trend over time
by district group
(intensive/less
intensive)
0.79
FRU
95°Zo a
Adjusted HIV Prevalence Per Year from
Multivariate Model
P value
Year
Intensive Intervention
_____ Districts_____
Less Intensive
Intervention Districts
2003
1.48% (1.46-1.50%)
1.15% (1.11-1.19%)
0.12
2004
1.46% (1.44-1.49%)
1.26% (1.23-1.29%)
0.66-0.95
0.01
2005
1.21% (1.19-1.24%)
1.44% (1.41-1.47%)
0.63-0.98
0.03
2006
0.93% (0.92-0.95%)
1.24% (1.20-1.27%)
Overall
Decline
37%
No decline
s
s
jb
Summary of Results from ANC Surveillance
Data, 2003-2006 (1)
Summary of Results from ANC Surveillance
Data, 2003-2006 (2)
• Decline in HIV prevalence overall, from 1.5%
to 1.1%, with decline in 15-24 year olds from
1.4% to 1.0%
• In a multivariate model, controlling for district-wise
HIV prevalence at baseline (2003), the decline over
time in HIV prevalence in the intensive intervention
districts was greater than in the less intensive
intervention districts (adjusted mean difference of
1.2 fold per year, P=0.03).
• Decline in HIV prevalence in intensive
intervention districts from 1.6% to 1.1%; little
change in other districts
• A reduction in HIV prevalence of 0.4% among the
ANC population in Karnataka would reduce the
number of HIV positive newborns by as much as
1,500 or more per year, which is much greater than
even the most optimistic estimates from PPTCT
programs.
• Decline in HIV prevalence among 15-24 year
olds in intensive intervention districts from
1.49% to 0.9% (37% decline)
5
-S
3
IBBA among ANC Attendees
Table 1: Profile of the respondents - IBBA ANC, Karnataka
BANGALQ BELGAUMBELLARY MYSORE !SHIMOGA All Total
1014"
1059 ”
1004
5320
1135
1108
19.8
31.2
14.5
21.1
14.4
18.1
<20
53.0
53.1
50.1
52.4
50.8
58.6
20-24
22.0
27.2
15.1
22.2
22.5
22.8
25-29
4.1
3.5
2.3
4.7
3.8
2.7
30-34
0.7
1.0
1.1
1.0
I. 5
0.8
35+
0.4
0.6
0.3
I. 6
0.3
0.6
Missing
19.8
14.5
14.4
21.1
31.2
18.1
<20
Age
75.0
80.3
65.2
81.4
74.6
73.3
20-29
4.6
4.8
5.3
3.4
3.6
5.7
30+
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.3
1.6
0.6
Missing
22.9
22.3
22.2
21.5
22.4
22.6
Mean age of the respondent
24.9
19.2
10.9
31.0
47.1
13.5
Illiterate
Education status
12.7
6.4
8.8
6.4
37.2
3.5
Literate, primary
26.4
22.0
21.4
20.7
21.9
20.0
Middle
28.8
37.4
42.7
19.8
39.5
7.3
High school
10.2
12.5
7.4
12.5
19.1
0.5
Secondary and above
1.4
2.1
0.7
1.1
0.8
2.1
Missing
11.9
13.4
14.1
14.0
8.2
18.9
<25
Age of spouse
44.6
44.7
42.2
49.5
43.0
43.3
25-29
28.6
26.4
28.2
30.5
29.4
28.8
30-34
15.4
12.1
II. 0
10.3
12.2
12.1
35+
1.2
2.4
I. 4
0.8
0.0
1.2
Missing
28.5
27.9
28.4
29.1
28.6
28.6
Mean age of spouse
1.7
0.6
0.4
0.0
0.3
0.6
Spouse is older
Age difference between spouse
19.5
30.5
26.5
33.8
17.6
30.9
<5 years
51.0
59.0
71.9
59.1
60.6
51.5
2- 9 years
14.0
9.7
19.3
16.8
14.2
10.6
10+ years
6.2
6.2
5.6
6.2
7.0
6.0
Mean age gap between responc
15.7
27.3
15.7
23.9
21.5
38.1
Illiterate
Education status
3.3
8.6
6.1
15.0
4.3
51.0
Literate, primary
19.5
16.1
15.1
17.9
15.1
12.9
Middle
24.9
41.0
27.7
39.6
5.3
29.9
High school
16.4
14.4
2.0
23.7
II. 6
19.5
Secondary and above
7.0
1.2
2.9
Missing
I. 6
2.3
1.8
20.5
First trimester
15.4
14.2
16.7
24.7
33.1
Pregnancy duration
47.1
39.4
51.0
28.1
40.9
39.0
Second rimester
45.9
44.1
37.9
37.8
Third trimester
35.1
24.3
2.4
0.1
0.9
0.8
Missing
0.5
0.1
59.8
29.6
37.9
39.8
40.9
20.9
Number of children have
0
34.4
36.2
42.9
34.3
32.0
35.9
1
8.4
10.4
9.5
16.0
13.3
4.0
2
3.4
4.4
1.4
0.4
1.2
2.2
3+
29.4
5.3
6.3
24.7
13.6
Missing
1.5
0.8
1.0
0.4
0.8
0.7
Mean number children have
0.7
21.2
16.9
30.4
25.6
18.0
22.5
Localite
Locality
28.0
68.6
48.1
56.1
59.3
52.0
Outside town, within district
9.9
II. 6
20.1
18.4
Outside district, within state
34.5
17.0
16.2
4.6
9.9
1.3
2.6
7.0
Outside state
14.0
19.5
16.8
13.9
7.5
30.9
Duration of stay in the current place of rej <1 year
25.7
20.2
20.3
20.0
18.6
17.0
1-2 year
17.4
16.5
II.6
16.9
17.5
16.0
3- 4 years
24.4
15.0
17.9
13.3
22.2
13.5
5-9 years
40.8
35.2
21.2
22.5
29.1
24.7
10+ years
79.8
96.2
Mean duration of stay in the cur
122.6
89.6
112.5
73.6
81.7
89.4
92.4
87.5
94.7
91.5
Housewife
Occupation of the respondent
6.5
16.6
9.3
5.5
8.7
Others
4.8
3.2
1.7
Missing
1.0
0.5
3.0
1.9
Total
Age
Table 2: Sexual history of the respondents - IBBA ANC, Karnataka
| Bangalore Belgaum Bellary
Mysore
Shimoga Total
Total
1059
1108
1135
1014
1004
5320
Age at first sex
<15
1.6
2.7
3.2
4.4
1.9
2.8
15-19
50.8
61.9
64.4
62.2
39.7
56.1
20-24
37.5
29.6
23.3
27.0
45.8
32.4
25+
8.3
2.9
4.3
5.3
12.1
6.5
Missing
1.8
4.8
1.0
0.5
2.3
2.9
Mean age at first sex
19.8
18.8
18.5
18.9
20.5
19.3
Number sex partners in lifetime
1
96.8
94.5
97.4
98.0
98.3
99.5
2+
0.4
0.3
0.7
0.3
0.0
0.3
Missing
1.7
1.4
0.5
2.8
4.8
2.3
Mean number of partners
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.0
Ever seen condom
17.3
9.8
2.5
21.6
38.4
17.4
Ever used condom
10.2
8.1
11.0
4.3
2.5
13.3
Condom use at last sex with husband
0.8
0.3
0.6
1.2
0.3
0.6
Table 3: Condom use among ANC attendees
Percent
Used
condom at
last sex
Ever seen Ever used with
condom
condom
husband
Number
Age
<20
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
1055
2820
1168
188
55
34
11.3
17.1
22.4
28.2
9.1
11.8
2.9
8.0
11.9
16.5
5.5
2.9
0.3
0.7
0.5
2.2
0.0
0.0
1
2
3+
Missing
2015
1909
554
119
723
17.3
20.8
13.7
10.1
12.7
5.7
10.8
8.5
7.6
7.5
0.2
1.1
0.7
0.8
0.3
Age of spouse
<25
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
715
2373
1522
646
64
10.5
16.5
20.5
22.6
0.0
3.6
6.8
10.2
13.5
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.0
1271
796
856
1476
768
153
5320
7.6
14.7
16.0
22.5
29.2
11.8
17.4
3.7
5.5
5.6
10.8
15.8
6.5
8.1
0.6
0.6
0.1
0.8
0.8
0.9
0.6
# of children have
0
Education
Illiterate
Literate, primary
Middle
High school
Secondary and above
[Missing
Total
Table 4: Characteristics of the spouse (Currently married) - IBBA ANC, Karnataka
Shimoga Total
Mysore
Bangalore Belgaum Bellary
992
922
5031
1058
1058
1001
Total
82.3
91.5
87.2
89.7
79.6
93.1
Never
Frequency of travel
4.4
2.4
6.6
5.1
3.7
8.5
Daily
5.2
3.1
2.7
2.1
Weekly
2.6
2.9
2.1
0.8
2.0
1.8
2.8
2.6
Monthly
2.6
0.7
3.8
0.5
1.2
6.3
Once in a while
82.2
91.7
87.3
90.0
80.0
93.1
Never
Type of travel
11.0
16.7
6.8
14.8
7.3
9.1
Alone
0.9
2.7
0.7
0.5
0.6
0.1
With spouse
0.3
2.7
0.3
0.8
0.4
0.0
With family me
87.2
79.8
93.1
82.2
91.5
Never
89.6
Place travel
5.8
10.4
6.0
9.3
7.7
16.1
Within district
2.6
7.2
2.0
0.8
1.2
2.1
Outside district
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.3
1.5
2.0
Outside state
3.8
3.5
5.6
1.9
2.6
3.5
Noticed an STI in husband during the last 3 weeks
60.8
79.7
84.9
81.7
92.5
91.5
Husband ever had sex with person other Never
2.4
3.9
1.3
2.2
Occasionally o
1.5
1.8
16.4
13.8
16.1
Dont know
6.0
6.7
36.8
Table 5: Profile of the respondents by HIV and STI prevalence- IBBA ANC, Karnataka
Total
Total
District Name
Bangalore
Mysore
Bellary
Belgaum
Shimoga
Age
<20
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
Age
<20
20-29
30+
Missing
Education status
Illiterate
Literate, primary
Middle
High school
Secondary and above
Missing
Age of spouse
<25
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
Age difference between spouse
Spouse is older
<5 years
2- 9 years
10+ years
Education status
Illiterate
Literate, primary
Middle
High school
Secondary and above
Missing
Pregnancy duration
First trimester
Second rimester
Third trimester
Missing
Number of children have
0
1
2
3+
Missing
Locality
Localite
Outside town, within district
Outside district, within state
Outside state
Duration of stay in the current place of residenc <1 year
1-2 year
3- 4 years
5-9 years
10+ years
Occupation of the respondent
Housewife
Others
Missing
Age at first sex
<15
15-19
20-24
25+
Missing
Number sex partners in lifetime
1
2+
Missing
Ever seen condom
Yes
No
Missing
Ever used condom
Yes
No
Missing
Condom use at last sex with husband
Yes
No
IHIV
5029 ’
993
998
974
1066
998
997
2677
1102
181
53
19
997
3779
234
19
1229
642
1112
1470
520
56
667
2247
1446
620
49
28
1314
2926
706
1188
770
820
1402
722
127
1043
2067
1880
39
1948
1827
514
115
625
1124
2637
928
340
854
993
790
882
1431
4507
445
77
143
2844
1654
332
56
4953
17
59
903
3970
156
414
4526
89
28
4921
CT
1.43
0.91
1.10
1.03
3.10
0.90
1.30
1.16
1.72
2.76
7.55
0.00
1.30
1.32
3.85
0.00
1.87
2.34
1.44
1.09
0.19
1.79
1.95
1.38
0.76
2.58
2.04
0.00
1.45
1.64
0.57
1.77
2.34
1.22
1.00
0.83
2.36
0.67
1.40
1.91
0.00
1.23
1.75
1.36
1.74
1.12
1.33
1.74
0.65
1.47
1.17
1.21
2.03
1.81
1.26
1.46
1.12
1.30
2.10
1.55
0.85
2.71
3.57
1.33
29.41
1.69
0.66
1.56
2.56
1.45
1.41
2.25
0.00
1.42
NG
1.89
2.53
1.69
1.06
2.98
1.22
2.09
1.72
1.92
2.22
2.00
11.11
2.09
1.78
2.17
11.11
2.45
1.43
1.98
1.56
1.34
7.27
1.93
1.56
1.94
2.77
4.35
0.00
1.23
2.11
1.99
2.18
1.60
2.21
1.57
1.78
3.10
1.05
1.66
2.55
5.56
1.75
1.89
2.90
2.63
I. 39
2.32
1.75
1.73
2.03
1.98
1.41
1.16
2.50
2.02
1.87
1.83
3.75
4.96
1.93
1.45
2.40
2.56
1.85
II. 76
2.44
1.45
2.01
1.47
1.20
1.96
1.41
3.33
1.89
Syphilis
0.22
0.40
0.22
0.10
0.28
0.10
0.21
0.11
0.28
1.11
1.89
0.00
0.21
0.16
1.29
0.00
0.33
0.16
0.18
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.28
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.23
0.28
0.00
0.17
0.39
0.12
0.29
0.14
0.00
0.19
0.20
0.27
0.00
0.16
0.28
0.00
0.88
0.32
0.18
0.23
0.22
0.29
0.00
0.20
0.00
0.46
0.35
0.23
0.23
0.00
0.77
0.14
0.24
0.60
0.00
0.21
5.88
0.00
0.22
0.23
0.00
0.48
0.20
0.00
0.00)
0.00
1.46>
0.21
1.47
3.14
0.80
1.84
0.99
0.61
2.39
1.24
1.28
0.56
4.00
0.00
2.39
1.25
1.30
0.00
1.23
1.43
1.89
1.42
1.15
3.64
2.96
1.12
1.25
1.30
6.52
0.00
1.54
1.40
1.42
1.26
1.07
2.09
1.14
1.64
4.65
0.86
1.95
1.27
2.78
1.60
1.06
1.35
0.88
2.47
1.16
1.22
2.48
1.74
1.86
2.02
1.28
1.14
1.19
1.53
0.92
1.25i
0.71
1.72
1.15i
1.50I
0.00I
1.47
5.88I
0.00I
0.89I
1.56i
2.94I
0.96»
1.52!
1.41I
Table 6: Characteristics of the spouse (Currently married) and HIV and STI prevalence - IBBA ANC, Karnataka
[Total
CT
HIV
4812
1.35
Total
4192
1.22
Never
Frequency of travel
1.65
243
Daily
3.27
153
Weekly
5.15
97
Monthly
127
0.00
Once in a while
4192
1.22
Never
Type of travel
531
2.82
Alone
43
0.00
With spouse
37
0.00
With family member other than spouse
4192
1.22
Never
Place travel
446
1.57
Within district
128
6.25
Outside district but within state
45
0.00
Outside state
162
0.62
Noticed an STI in husband during the last 3 wee Yes
4643
1.42
No
3940
1.19
Husband ever had sex with person other than re Never
107
7.48
Occasionally or regularly
760
1.58
Dont know
NG
1.85
1.69
3.33
3.95
2.00
1.57
1.69
3.00
2.33
2.86
1.69
3.36
0.78
4.44
2.38
1.81
1.85
3.70
1.46
Syphilis
0.23
0.22
0.00
0.67
1.03
0.00
0.22
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.22
0.23
2.34
0.79
2.22
0.00
0.62
1.79
1.40
0.20
1.24
0.21
1.85
0.94
0.27
2.25
1.41
1.48
0.42
0.66
2.00
1.57
1.48
1.13
0.00
0.00
1.48
0.45
Table 11: Profile of the respondents by HIV and STI prevalence- IBBA ANC, Karnataka
HIV
Total
Total
Age
<20
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
<20
Age
20-29
30+
Missing
Illiterate
Education status
Literate, primary
Middle
High school
Secondary and above
Missing
<25
Age of spouse
25-29
30-34
35+
Missing
Spouse is older
Age difference between spouse
<5 years
2- 9 years
10+ years
Illiterate
Education status
Literate, primary
Middle
High school
Secondary and above
Missing
First trimester
Pregnancy duration
Second rimester
Third trimester
Missing
0
Number of children have
1
2
3+
Missing
Localite
Locality
Outside town, within district
Outside district, within state
Outside state
Duration of stay in the current place of re^<1 year
1 -2 year
3- 4 years
5-9 years
10+ years
Housewife
Occupation of the respondent
Others
Missing________________
993
138
587
226
28
9
5
138
813
37
5
133
59
211
394
188
8
135
431
295
120
12
4
337
501
139
151
43
152
401
230
16
159
464
347
23
391
434
95
15
58
215
280
337
161
134
201
110
131
401
917
66
10
Bangalore
NG
CT
2.53
0.91
2.78
2.17
2.40
0.51
2.75
1.33
3.45
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.78
2.17
2.49
0.74
0.00
2.63
0.00
0.00
3.23
0.75
3.17
3.39
4.76
0.95
1.52
0.76
1.59
0.53
0.00
0.00
4.38
2.22
0.93
0.93
0.34
3.13
4.96
0.83
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.16
1.48
0.80
1.97
5.67
0.00
0.66
5.26
0.00
2.33
2.68
0.00
2.02
1.25
2.16
0.43
0.00
6.25
1.27
0.63
2.17
1.08
3.45
0.86
4.76
0.00
1.01
1.02
0.69
3.05
1.05
5.21
0.00
0.00
5.36
1.72
1.89
0.00
1.07
3.21
2.38
0.89
1.86
2.52
2.21
2.99
2.05
1.00
3.64
0.91
3.03
0.76
2.50
0.25
2.30
0.87
6.06
1.52
0.00
0.00
3.14
6.25
2.91
2.29
0.00
0.00
0.00
6.25
2.74
0.00
0.00
2.42
3.17
5.71
2.28
2.65
0.00
8.76
2.09
2.43
2.48
0.00
0.00
3.40
3.15
2.84
3.95
0.00
4.70
2.27
3.88
0.00
1.27
4.56
2.01
4.76
4.05
2.35
2.08
0.00
5.36
1.89
3.21
4.17
2.52
5.88
4.10
2.73
2.27
2.25
3.40
0.00
0.00
Syphilis
Total
0.40
0.72
0.17
0.44
3.57
0.00
0.00
0.72
0.25
2.70
0.00
0.75
0.00
0.47
0.51
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.46
0.34
0.83
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.60
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.66
0.75
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.43
0.58
0.00
0.26
0.46
0.00
0.00
1.72
0.00
1.07
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.50
0.00
0.76
0.50
0.44
0.00
0.00
HIV
998
312
498
151
23
11
3
312
649
34
3
192
86
213
373
127
7
142
441
283
124
8
5
193
600
192
273
86
129
297
195
18
247
506
244
1
594
345
40
4
15
256
561
168
13
309
166
174
133
209
944
49
5
Mysore
Total
Syphilis
CT
NG
0.80
0.22
1.69
1.10
0.00
2.23
0.96
0.96
0.22
0.60
1.19
0.80
0.00
1.99
1.32
1.99
0.00
0.00
4.35
0.00
0.00
9.09
0.00
9.09
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.96
0.00
2.23
0.96
0.76
0.17
1.38
1.08
3.03
0.00
2.94
2.94
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.24
1.55
1.04
2.59
0.00
1.15
1.15
1.16
0.00
0.47
1.86
1.41
0.00
0.80
1.34
1.60
0.00
0.00
0.79
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.00
2.80
1.41
0.00
1.34
0.22
0.91
1.41
0.39
0.35
1.41
0.87
1.63
3.23
1.63
0.00
0.00
12.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.03
1.04
0.51
0.37
0.66
2.31
1.33
0.00
1.05
0.52
0.52
0.84
1.46
1.46
2.20
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3.08
3.08
0.78
0.00
0.00
0.34
1.67
0.00
0.00
1.54
1.53
0.00
0.00
5.56
0.00
0.00
0.40
1.62
0.81
0.98
0.22
1.38
0.98
0.82
0.45
3.27
0.82
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.18
0.83
1.01
2.00
0.32
0.58
1.16
1.45
0.00
0.00
2.50
0.00
0.00
25.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.72
1.17
1.17
0.20
0.53
1.07
1.60
0.62
1.17
1.19
0.58
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.29
2.26
0.32
0.00
0.59
1.78
1.20
0.00
0.00
0.57
1.15
0.79
0.75
1.50
3.01
0.47
0.50
0.95
1.91
0.74
0.12
1.79
1.06
2.13
2.04
0.00
2.04
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
District Name
Bellary
CT
Syphilis
HIV
NG
1.06
1.84
0.10
974
1.03
0.49
1.36
3.17
0.49
205
0.76
0.95
0.00
497
0.60
0.87
0.00
218
1.83
2.16
38
0.00
2.50
0.00
0.00
13.33
6.67
13.33
0.00
15
0.00
0.00
1
0.00
0.00
0.49
205
1.36
3.17
0.49
0.98
0.00
715
0.79
1.32
3.77
3.64
0.00
53
3.64
0.00
0.00
1
0.00
0.00
0.00
460
1.52
0.83
1.45
0.00
2.86
0.00
33
0.00
1.46
189
1.06
1.46
0.00
2.86
198
0.00
0.95
0.51
0.00
74
0.00
0.00
0.00
9.09
20
5.00
9.09
0.00
181
0.55
0.51
3.06
0.00
0.24
419
0.72
0.90
1.35
0.00
258
0.78
1.45
1.09
0.00
2.94
1.87
0.93
102
0.00
14
7.14
0.00 21.43
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2
1.27
0.00
294
1.02
0.63
1.34
566
0.88
2.01
0.18
0.98
0.00
0.00
97
1.03
0.00
373
1.88
1.02
1.02
6.06
29
0.00
3.03
0.00
0.00
1.23
0.62
0.00
150
240
0.78
1.56
0.00
0.42
0.00
0.00
1.67
0.88
114
8.33
0.00
68
2.94
2.78
2.50
0.00
3.53
0.00
160
1.46
0.25
393
0.73
1.02
1.55
0.00
0.48
1.77
420
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1
0.45
0.43
0.86
0.45
223
0.00
2.18
1.52
0.91
321
0.81
1.50
3.01
0.00
123
0.00
0.00
0.00
46
0.00
3.42
261
0.38
1.03
0.00
0.96
0.34
1.37
1.29
291
0.00
1.20
0.86
1.80
466
4.24
0.00
116
0.00
0.00
1.87
0.00
1.98
0.93
101
0.00
2.41
0.00
0.00
76
2.14
0.00
0.59
0.53
170
0.00
1.82
0.00
160
1.88
0.87
1.30
0.00
0.45
222
1.93
1.65
1.47
0.29
340
0.94
1.87
1.10
0.12
853
0.00
1.04
0.00
1.02
96
3.33
3.33
25
4.00
0.00
Table 11: Profile of the respondents by HI
HIV
Total
Total
Age
Age
Education status
Age of spouse
Age difference between spouse
Education status
Pregnancy duration
Number of children have
Locality
Duration of stay in the current place of re;
Occupation of the respondent
1066
196
564
237
52
11
6
196
801
63
6
335
400
236
80
5
10
90
534
306
121
15
0
186
752
112
234
551
193
55
20
13
146
424
491
5
444
367
172
38
45
185
737
105
39
148
213
179
253
266
880
179
7
Belgaum
NG
CT
2.98
3.10
2.75
2.04
3.18
3.01
3.06
3.38
0.00
5.77
9.09
0.00
16.67
0.00
2.75
2.04
3.15
3.12
0.00
6.35
16.67
0.00
5.10
3.58
1.56
3.00
1.83
2.97
4.00
2.50
0.00
0.00
10.00
0.00
1.23
5.56
3.38
3.18
2.35
1.96
3.60
4.13
7.14
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.69
1.78
3.20
3.59
2.88
0.89
2.14
3.70
2.10
3.09
3.30
4.15
3.64
7.55
0.00
5.00
7.69
0.00
1.39
0.00
2.83
3.32
4.28
3.21
0.00
0.00
2.85
2.25
2.04
3.27
4.24
2.33
8.33
5.26
2.38
11.11
2.70
5.45
2.57
3.80
1.94
0.00
2.56
0.00
2.10
1.35
1.99
3.29
4.47
3.05
3.67
3.56
3.24
2.63
3.00
3.52
2.38
1.12
14.29
0.00
Total
Syphilis
0.28
0.99
0.00
1.10
0.18
1.31
0.42
0.00
1.92
2.08
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.10
0.25
0.92
1.59
1.79
0.00
0.00
0.64
0.30
0.25
1.30
0.42
0.91
0.00
1.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.19
1.19
0.65
0.67
0.00
1.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.54
0.59
0.27
0.70
0.00
3.85
0.00
0.46
0.54
1.15
0.00
0.55
0.00
1.89
0.00
5.00
0.00
0.00
0.68
0.00
0.00
1.02
0.41
1.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.19
0.27
0.58
0.00
0.61
2.63
0.00
4.76
2.22
0.54
1.21
0.14
1.00
0.00
0.97
2.56
0.00
0.00
1.40
0.47
1.49
0.00
1.22
0.40
1.22
0.00
0.38
0.34
0.96
0.00
1.19
0.00
0.00
HIV
998
146
531
270
40
7
4
146
801
47
4
109
64
263
425
126
11
119
422
304
153
0
17
304
507
166
157
61
196
409
163
12
331
280
378
9
296
360
84
12
246
177
593
202
26
187
243
167
143
215
913
55
30
Shimoga
NG
CT
0.90
1.22
1.38
1.37
0.95
0.75
0.37
1.14
2.50
5.00
0.00
0.00
25.00
0.00
1.37
1.38
1.01
0.62
4.26
2.13
25.00
0.00
0.92
0.92
0.00
0.00
0.38
0.76
1.41
1.42
2.44
0.00
10.00
0.00
1.68
0.85
0.97
0.71
1.33
0.33
1.96
1.97
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.02
1.32
1.39
0.79
0.60
0.60
1.27
1.27
0.00
0.00
1.05
0.51
0.75
1.22
3.05
0.61
0.00
0.00
0.91
0.00
1.08
0.36
1.35
2.12
0.00
11.11
1.01
1.71
1.41
1.39
1.19
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.82
0.00
1.14
1.69
0.68
0.84
2.51
0.50
0.00
3.85
1.60
2.15
0.84
0.00
0.00
1.20
2.14
2.10
0.94
0.47
0.99
1.22
0.00
0.00
3.33
0.00
0.61
2.07
0.19
0.76
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.07
0.38
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.15
0.47
0.81
0.00
0.85
0.72
0.66
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.68
0.80
0.00
0.00
0.00
2.09
0.50
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.44
0.54
0.00
1.03
0.56
0.00
0.00
0.41
0.57
0.68
0.50
0.00
0.00
1.68
0.61
0.00
0.47
0.67
0.00
0.00
Syphilis
0.10
0,00
0.00
0.37
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.12
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.33
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.24
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.28
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.17
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.70
0.00
0.11
0.00
0.00
Regional Variations in Knowledge, Attitude,
Behavaviours and Prevalence of HIV and Other
STIs: Finding from GPS
HIV/STI PREVALENCE AND RELATED
BEHAVIOUR IN THE GENERAL
POPULATION OF THREE KARNATAKA
DISTRICTS
CONTEXT
x HIV prevalence in ANC sentinel sites:
- Only represents sexually active women
- Often overestimates population prevalence in moderate
HIV epidemics
> HIV components now in many DHS surveys
> Useful at district level for community-based programs
>• Essential in projects like CHARME, when assessing the
population impact of targeted interventions
Michel Alary
A.A.Jayachandran
Rajaram S.
Catherine M. Lowndes
Jan Bradley
B.M. Ramesh
Reynold Washington
on behalf of the CHARME-lndia team
CHARM^IPIA
CHARMt^tOP
26 February 2008
GPS WITHIN CHARME-INDIA
METHODS (2)
GPS WITHIN CHARME-INDIA
METHODS (1)
r- Six surveys (Mysore, Belgaum, Bellary, Guntur,
Mumbai-slum, Mumbai non-slum)
> Target sample size of 6000 per district:
- 3000 rural and 3000 urban (except Mumbai)
- -3000 men and 3000 women
> Age range 15-49
r Random selection of villages and urban blocks
> Community mobilization
> Complete census of the population
> Random sample based on a list of usual residents
> Witnessed verbal consent
> Extensive face-to-face interview (FTFI)
> Blood, DBS and/or urine samples
> HIV, syphilis, NG and CT testing
> HSV-2 testing on a sub-sample
> Separate random sample of -3000 for polling booth
surveys (PBS)
- 4 groups: unmarried men and women
married men and women
GPS PARTICIPATION IN BELGAUM AND
MYSORE DISTRICTS
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
POPULATION COVERED IN THE GPS (1)
rji.kru
Mysore.
Total sampled
1
j
3000 I 2996 T
300
0
•
JUUU
2868
Eligible for survey
ZL2864_fZ2"^
!% interviewed
79.0
!% with >= 1 bio spec.
[Beloauin_________
! 3039 I 2959
Total sampled
1 2981 ' 2897
Sigible for survey
80.6 I 87.0
!% interviewed -------- .
75.9 [37
;% with >= 1 bio spec. I
I 2909
•
| 7998 I
. 2961 )
. 86.3
! 82.7 !
2:1
5996
5732
81.4
i
3000 T 5998 i
2917
5878.J
81.1 J...... 837..
78.3 :
73.8
29.2
.29..Q,
Hindu...... .... •. >6
17.S
Muslirn
79.0
19.4
Mean age
Religion
Jain___
Other
Number'
cases
Of
t
’_1.6 “
L5 ’ ’
_0L_.
03
2372
2577
CHAyA^.r’'/:
JXS- 3^5
I T-S&^
I 29.7 j 30.1
o'
'
■
-
-f-
29.5 J
30.0
91-9
90.6
7.4 , 8.6
0.1_
0.2
6.7
0.7
85.8
85.7
8.9 ... 8.6 _
3.5
3-6 _
1.6
2083
2403
2570
2519
SOME CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
POPULATION COVERED IN THE GPS (2)
ZXBagaJM 2003 i Mysore, 2005/06 Belgaum, 2007
..... Iir
----- ._ij .....
----- Ma)e Female
Male
Female
Male in
j Female
Characteristics
Marital status
«.5 I 74.0
5&9|
74.4
Currentiy married
62.5
61.9
75.1
' Separated
.. 0.3... 2.6. 0.3
1.9
0.3
2.9
0.7
0-6
0.1
: Deserted
o-i
0.2
I 0.3
0.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
Divorced
I 0.5
6.6 T 0.2 , 4.6
Widowed
0.2
5i !
19.0
37.5
16.1 |
Never married
Number of cases I 2372 1 2577
2083
2570
2403
2519
o.o
PERCENTAGE OF NEVER MARRIED
WHO HAD PRE-MARITAL SEX
iSex/Place of
[residence
Urban Male
Urban Female
[Urban
'Rural Maje
Rural Female
[Rural_______
Male
.... .
Female
Total_________
Belgaum, ,
Bagalkot, | Mysore,
2003 | 2005/06
I 2005/06j i
2007
,
3.4_' ZTZZZ3> ’
■
5.8
_m24——i—P-.®
__ L__l
6.3
0.0
4.2_
4.5
0.0
3.1
1.
8.4
r 0.2
[
;
j
6.0
1.2
4.6
|
|
5.7
’ .
8._1 : j
6.0..... 1
4L
5.4,
4.5
.JJ
CHAIwf-WPIA
PERCENTAGE OF CURRENTLY MARRIED
WHO HAD EXTRA-MARITAL SEX
: Sex/Place of
residence
Urban Male
Urban Female
Urban________
Rural Male
Rural Female
Rural_________
Mate
Female_______
Total.
Bagalkot, . Mysore, Belgaum, J
2007
2005/06
2003
4.4
17.8
i
5.9
0.2
1.6
z qa
2.4
2.0
8.6
6.5
9.6
19.8
00. _
1.3
0.6
_ _;
3.9
8.2
18.7
1.5
9.6"
O.i
L
3.3
!
I
!
3.2
6.0
0.5
TZSpZZ
PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO EVER HAD SEX
WITH MORE THAN ONE PARTNER
Sex/Place of
residence________
Urban Male
Urban___________
Rural.Mate.. .....
RuralFemale___
Rural____________
Male
Female__________
Total
Bagalkot, j Mysore, Belgaum,
2005/06
2PO7__
2003
9.3~
1.4
4.2
6.2
_ _ 1L9_
___ 13.9.
.......18-1
0-7
2.6
.... TO .
8.0
_6^__
8^8 _
'14.6
10?9
12.5
I
09 J_ 0.9 ___
1.9
7.2
. _5.8_.__
i.i......tl?.■
■
.......................-
CHARM^Pia
PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO EVER HAD SEX
WITH A NON-REGULAR PARTNER
Sex/Place of
residence
Urban Male
Urb_an Female
Urban________
Rural Male
Rural Female
Rural
, Mysore, ! Belgaum, j
2005/06 L_2Q07... 1
Female
Total
i A5_
T 6.3
Z-3
Q-9_
6.6
i„.._oa_
1
0-3
!
3.4
.10.5
0.5
'
i
8.0... [__ §4__ I
I
9.6
;
0.5____ j
4.9
13.2
PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO EVER
RECEIVED OR PAID MONEY FOR SEX
Sex/Place of
residence
Urban Male
yrban^maje
Urban_________
Rural Male
Rural Female
Rural____
Male__
i Female________
Mysore, ■ Belgaum,
2005/06 j
2007
"Q.
___ ?_*.3__ .. .?,.5
!
0.1
0.4
0.2
Bagalkot,
_„_2003__
1^2__
1.3
i-£ ”
__ 0.0_
____ 1.2__ ]|_0.6
l.-P_
J__ 0.5---|__ 0.9
_____ 1.:.?__ L——8.__ L ... _l.i5---- j
_
0-6 ,
0.2
j__ 0.4...... j
Tote!
CHARA^P'A
2
PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO EVER USED
CONDOM (Among who ever had sex)
Sex/Place of
residence
Urban Male
Urban Female
Urban________
Rural Male
Rural Female
Rural_________
Male
Bagalkot^' "Mysore,
2003
2005/06
25-3
] 23.0
11.1
16.3
19.7
16.1
12:2 '
8.3
-I
■I-
Female..............
Total
3’1
5-2_
16.5
7.6
11.3
I
2.5
6.4
17.1
8.0
11.6
Belgaum,
2007
30.9
18.0
I
L 23^6
13._1'
5.5
8.9
17.4
_ ^'3
j
PERCENT OF RESPONDENTS WHO USED A CONDOM
IN THEIR LAST SEX (Among who ever had sex)
Bagalkot,
Mysore,
Belgaum,
Sex/Place of
2005/06
2007 ,
residence
2003
4.7
Urban Male
8.0
9.6
1 -5
2 ..... L .
Urban Female __ u 2.6
3--5
Urban____________ _
34_ _____ 5'2........ .
7.0
4.2*
1.8
Rural Male
3.1
0.4
Rural Female
2.9
L3
Rural
_ __ "LQ___ l 2'5___
3.4
IMale
5.0
5.4
1.6
2.1
Female
3.2___
"Total ’......... 1 _ 2.3 T 3.9 ” ' ■ 3.5
CHAil^TlNt'iA
CHAU-'Ki^IA
PERCENTAGE USING CONDOM AT LAST SEX WITH
A NON-REGULAR PARTNER (Among who had sex with
non-regular partners)
PERCENTAGE USING CONDOM AT LAST SEX WITH
A FEMALE SEX WORKER
(Among those who had sex with a female sex worker)
Sex/Place of
Residence
Urban Male
Urban Female
Urban—-----Rural Male_
Rural Female
RuraL...... ..
JMale_____
Female_____
Total
Mysore, j Belgaum, j
... 2005/06 I
2007 , |
Ji _—i.._.i.2.y
(0/9) J
8.4 _i
12J
(0/8)
50
j
(1/2L j
19.5
(Q/2)
36.94
40
:
J
...18.J_
- HH— .Cl/4)
18.4
_J
Ik
... (o/nr ■
...............11.2
54,02
60
Ois
17,7 „.._j
MA
sM---
COMPARISON OF FTFI AND PBS FOR ELICITING
SENSITIVE BEHAVIOURS AMONG UNMARRIED
SUBJECTS IN THE MYSORE GPS
COMPARISON OF FTFI AND PBS FOR ELICITING
SENSITIVE BEHAVIOURS AMONG MARRIED
SUBJECTS IN THE MYSORE GPS
CHA
Unmarried women
Year-2005/06
FTFI
PBS
Unmarried men
FTFI
PBS
Married women
Year - 2005/06
FTFI
(n=2036)
PBS
(n=57S)
(n=534)
(n=545)
Ever taken HIV test*
0.6%
2.5%
Ever taken HIV test*
Vaginal (urethral) discharge last year
6.1%
3.5%
14.6%
27.5%
3.4%
20.9%
2.5%
0.5%
4.5%
Vaginal (urethral) discharge last year
7.9%
Genital ulcer last year
0.8%
17.6%
Genital ulcer last year
0.6%
7.7%
0.3%
7.6%
Pre7extra-marltal sex ever
0.8%
Ever seen a condom
30.3%
47.9%
67.5%
76.0%
(n=882) (n=484)
Ever had heterosexual sex
0.6%
2.4%
8.3%
20.9%
Ever been paid / paid for sex
0.0%
0.6%
1.8%
6.2%
Ever had anal sex with a man
0.0%
0.6%
0.8%
6.6%
•:Among those who have heard of HIV/A1DS
Married men
FTH
PBS
(n=1201) (n=409)
3.1%
6.0%
10.5%
10.3%
0.1%
0.1%
18.7%
35.9%
6.1%
Ever been paid / paid for sex
0.3%
3.1%
2.3%
7.6%
Husband (wife) ever had extra-marital sex
10.3%
29.9%
0.5%
2.7%
Husband ever had sex with FSW
1.9%
12.4%
NA
Ever had heterosexual anal sex
0.5%
4.4%
3.0%
5.6%
Ever had homosexual anal sex
NA
0.5%
5.4%
•:Among those who have heard of HIV/A1DS
3
COMPARISON OF FTFI AND PBS FOR ELICITING
SENSITIVE BEHAVIOURS AMONG UNMARRIED
SUBJECTS IN THE BELGAUM GPS
Unmarried women
Unmarried men
FTFI
(n=464)
FTFI
(n=631)
Ever taken HIV test*
3.4%
Vaginal (urethral) discharge last year
0.7%
Year - 2007
PBS
PBS
COMPARISON OF FTFI AND PBS FOR ELICITING
SENSITIVE BEHAVIOURS AMONG MARRIED
SUBJECTS IN THE BELGAUM GPS
Married women
Year - 2007
Married men
FTFI
(n=2055)
PBS
(n=715)
FTFI
(n=1456)
PBS
(n=707)
(n«947) (n=750);
Ever taken HIV test*
19.5%
20.9%
8.5%
15.9%
3.0%
2.6%
8.3%
Vaginal (urethral) discharge last year
2.3%
19.9%
17.1%
1.9%
16.5%
Genital ulcer last year
0.2%
14.5%
Pre7extra-marttal sex ever
0.2%
0.2%
9.1%
Ever been paid / paid for sex
Husband (wife) ever had extra-marital sex
5.9%
15.5%
0.6%
0.4%
11.7%
2.1%
0.1%
17.7%
11.0%
35.1%
12.9%
3.7%
Genital ulcer last year
0.0%
5.4%
1.2%
13.2%
Ever seen a condom
17.0%
19.0%
75.7%
79.7%
Ever had heterosexual sex
1.1%
2.7%
5.6%
19.9%
Husband ever had sex with FSW
0.9%
7.3%
NA
Ever been paid / paid for sex
0.0%
0.2%
0.8%
8.5%
Ever had heterosexual anal sex
1.4%
7.8%
iEver had anal sex with a man
0.0%
0.5%
0.6%
4.9%
Ever had homosexual anal sex
NA
1.0%
0.2%
3.6%
5.4%
5.9%
CHARMED:*
’ Among those who have heard of HIV/AIOS
•:Among those who have heard of HIV/AIOS
HIV PREVALENCE IN THE
GENERAL POPULATION
Sex/Place of
residence_____
llrba_n_Male___
Urban_Female
Urban________
Rural Male
Ru ral Fem ale
Rural_________
Male.....
[Female_______
Total
Bagalkot,
2003
2.86
_U2._
2.38
3.96
3.59
_3,33
2.46
2.89
PREVALENCE OF ACTIVE SYPHILIS
Mysore, Belgaum, l
2005/06
2007
0.69
1.06___
_JL84
_0.18
0.94
0.63
0.93
0.51
_ 1.90
),
0.71
1.69
I
1.2 8
0.98
1.58
|
0.65
|
_0!8L_„ | 1.43
|Sex/piace of
. residence__
jUrban M ale
i Urban F e m a Ile
jUrban________
iRural M ale
Rural Fem ale
Rural________
,M ale_________
Fem ale_______
[Total
_
Bagalkot, J Mysore,
2005/06
2003
’ _ oTso J '___ 1^69 ___
6.99”
J _0.20
1.31
0730
0.60
’___ 1.87
0.90 _
0.60
0.5 0
1
J o.soL
6730 ~
:__ oao.„
1.39
1.80
0.94
1.36
Belgaum ,
_ 20Q7__
"o.oo _
0.24
0.12
_ 0-13
_ 6.91
0.5 2
0.10
0.75
0.42
Note: In Bagalkot VDRL test was done, and in other RPR test was done
PREVALENCE OF CHLAMYDIA
S ex/Place of
re s ide n ce_____
Urban M a le
Urban Female
Urba n__________
Rural M ale____
Rural Fem aie
Rural___________
M a le____________
Fem a le________
|T o ta I
Be Iga urn ,
M yso re,
2005/06 _
2007
1_J3 9
- -Q Q2 _
0 1 1
1.13
0.30
0.91
_____ 0^.3 3—„
1.0 6
0.49__
"oTC
_ 1_L°
1 .00
1 .05
~'0.41~
0.37
_
0~4 0
!£Ji
PREVALENCE OF GONORRHOEA
>Only 5 cases (0.1%) in Mysore:
>4 Females and 1 Male;
>4 in Rural and 1 in Urban
>No case in Belgaum
_[__ 0 3 8___
CHAIW^IP<5
4
PREVALENCE OF HSV2
S ex/Pla ce of
M ysore,
Belgaum ,
2007
.reside nee
2005/06
4.0 0.... 1
iU rba n M a le
7.98
Urban Fem a le
1 1.01
11.53
Urban_______
7.5 4
__
R u ra I Md le
9.64
Ru ra I Female
13.83
27.96
Rura I______
J... .ILiQ’-'l 19-87__
~ 9.5.5
8.97
Eale___
Fem a le
.„’__1L67.... _.2A-.2 9_ .
10.89
16.93 ]
Total
MYSORE GPS
VARIABLES ASSOCIATED WITH HIV
> Among women
x Increasing no. of partners (p for trend = 0.004)
> Being separated or widowed (1.96% vs. 0.7%
among married and 0% among single, pcO.001)
<Anal sex: (4.93% vs. 0.53%, p=0.062)
> Among men
x Increasing no. of partners (p for trend = 0.021)
> Previous sex with a FSW (5.41% vs. 0.9%,
p=0.032)
COMPARISON OF HIV AMONG ANC
WOMEN, BELGAUM DISTRICT
3.04
2.92
2.62
a Si
I
-J
Number of cases: Sentinel Surveillance - 800, GPS - 306
GPS
UTILITY AND LESSONS LEARNED (1)
> Participation rates vs. refusal rates
> Low population-based STI rates
> Heterogeneity of the HIV epidemics in Karnataka
need to adapt interventions to these variations
> Sentinel ANC prevalence overestimates true adult
prevalence in Belgaum: not all adult women sexually
active; age structure not the same in ANC vs. general
population
> Crucial to obtain district-based data because district is
the geographical unit for impact assessment with
modelling
GPS
UTILITY AND LESSONS LEARNED (2)
> PBS improves behavioural information (note that, in
Mysore, 6 cases of CT and 2 of NG reported no
previous sex, confirming bias in FTFI)
> Behavioural data still to analyze in the GPS much
more extensive than what is reported in other
surveys
> PBS will be crucial for modelling impact of targeted
interventions
> GPS: an important component of HIV surveillance
THANKS!!!!
5
Belgaum District
Table 2.1: Percentage distribution of respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS, according to selected background
characteristics
No answer/
Total
Don't know Missing
percent
Yes
No
Characteristic__________
Place ofresidence
83.6
12.8
3.5
0.1
100
Rural
100
2.3
Urban________________
87.7
10.0
0.0
Sex
100
Male
8.2
3.9
0.2
87.8
2.6
0.0
100
81.5
Female_______________
15.9
ztge
91.5
15-19
7.0
1.5
0.0
100
20-24
0.2
86.3
10.8
2.8
100
100
25-29
88.7
10.0
1.3
0.0
30-34
82.6
14.5
2.9
0.0
100
35-39
14.8
83.3
1.8
0.1
100
40-44
100
77.5
12.6
9.6
0.3
75.7
45-49________________
18.2
100
0.3
5.9
Marital status
Currently married
82.8
13.7
3.4
0.1
100
Marriage dissolved
75.3
21.1
3.6
0.0
100
Never married_________
2.6
0.2
90.9
6.3
100
Literacy and education
Illiterate
69.2
0.2
23.9
6.7
100
Primary
80.7
12.1
0.0
7.2
100
Middle
85.3
13.0
1.8
0.0
100
Secondary
92.2
5.4
2.1
0.4
100
Secondary+___________
96.4
3.1
0.4
0.1
100
Occupation
Cultivator
78.6
6.4
14.6
0.5
100
Agricultural labourer
2.2
85.3
12.5
0.0
100
Non-agricultural labourer
78.7
17.3
3.9
0.1
100
Business
91.1
5.8
3.1
0.0
100
Salaried employment
1.0
97.7
1.3
0.0
100
Housework
81.4
2.7
0.0
15.9
100
Student______________
0.7
96.2
3.0
0.0
100
Religion
Hindu
84.4
12.2
3.3
0.1
100
Muslim
15.2
82.5
2.3
0.0
100
Jain
87.3
8.8
4.0
0.0
100
Other________________
99.4
0.6
0.0
0.0
100
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
3.9
84.3
11.8
0.0
100
Scheduled Tribe
79.4
5.8
14.9
0.0
100
Other_______________
85.2
2.9
11.8
0.1
100
Household SLI
Low
79.5
16.0
4.5
0.0
100
Medium
82.4
3.5
0.1
14.0
100
High________________
91,5
6.8
1.6
0.2
100
Total________________
84.6
12.1
3.2
0.1
100
Note: Total include cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
Number
2555
2367
2403
2519
887
849
767
656
757
492
514
3295
216
1411
1301
255
763
359
2240
592
171
755
650
468
1594
673
4019
648
220
35
481
359
4082
1362
1581
1970
4922
Belgaum District
Table 2.2: Percentage of respondents who have ever heard AIDS according to source of information
Rural
Urban
Source of information
Male
Female
Total
Male
Female
Total
Male
Radio
43.8
39.8
41.8
30.9
30.4
29.9
40.4
Television
69.8
58.4
64.1
77.6
84.6
80.8
71.8
Cinema
11.2
5.8
8.5
8.3
5.4
6.9
10.4
N ewspapers/magazines
31.7
16.3
24.1
36.1
32.3
34.3
32.9
Posters/hoardings
19.5
8.2
13.9
13.4
13.9
13.6
17.9
Exhibition/mela
5.1
0.7
2.9
3.6
1.1
2.5
4.7
Adult education program
6.1
3.7
4.9
1.7
1.1
1.4
4.9
Health worker/ANM
11.6
11.4
11.5
5.4
6.4
7.5
10.0
NGO worker
9.9
3.3
6.6
6.4
1.2
4.0
9.0
Anganwadi worker
1.9
4.6
3.2
1.3
2.7
2.0
1.8
AIDS counselor
2.2
1.0
1.6
1.6
1.3
1.5
2.1
Friend/neighbor/col league
57.2
64.1
60.6
51.5
53.1
52.2
55.7
Sexual partner
0.5
1.8
1.1
0.4
1.8
1.0
0.5
Community meetings
6.1
14.8
10.4
1.8
6.8
4.1
5.0
Workplace
2.0
2.3
2.2
1.7
2.8
2.2
1.9
Schools/teachers
19.2
13.9
16.6
18.4
21.5
19.9
19.0
Religious leaders
0.8
1.5
1.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.6
Political leaders
0.5
0.9
0.7
0.2
2.9
1.4
0.4
Other
4.7
1.6
3.2
4.6
3.4
1.9
4.7
Total
Female
37.5
64.7
5.7
20.1
9.6
0.8
3.0
10.5
2.8
4.1
1.1
61.5
1.8
12.9
2.4
15.7
1.2
1.4
1.7
Total
39.0
68.3
8.1
26.6
13.8
2.8
4.0
10.2
6.0
2.9
1.6
58.5
1.1
8.8
2.2
17.4
0.9
0.9
3.2
Number
2,074
4,220
1,100
2,143
1,103
Percentages may add more than 100.0 due to multiple responses.
1,043
974
2,077
2,146
Belgaum District
Table 2.3R: Percentage distribution of RURAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their
perception of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to sex__________________________________________
Male
Female
No
Don't Missing
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
_____ Yes
Modes of transmission of
Sponta- After
Sponta- After
know
know
HIV/AIDS_____________
neous
neous _probe
probe
4.0
0.2
40.7
31.0
6.2
22.1
0.0
62.3
30.9
2.6
Unprotected sexual contact
13.4
0.0
32.7
44.5
12.8
8.1
0.0
45.5
8.4
Blood transfusion
34.5
0.0
12.6
Mother to child
7.1
62.8
17.0
13.1
68.0
8.3
11.1
0.0
36.4
14.6
0.0
Mosquito bites
3.5
45.6
3.5
36.0
44.3
16.2
0.0
Shaking hands
0.6
74.3
12.1
0.0
0.7
18.4
0.0
13.1
15.7
65.2
72.2
0.0
Swimming or bathing
0.5
13.6
13.8
0.3
21.4
60.9
17.4
0.0
Sharing meals
12.7
0.0
2.0
1.7
17.1
68.5
26.9
56.8
0.1
14.2
0.0
Sharing shaving sets
26.3
50.7
15.6
7.5
16.5
59.0
13.4
0.2
11.0
5.5
Sharing needles/ syringes
39.7
48.8
0.0
46.7
39.0
4.0
5.9
10.2
0.0
Saliva
8.0
27.3
44.7
20.0
0.0
1.7
23.5
0.0
49.7
25.2
Tears
0.2
11.6
65.6
0.0
0.4
17.4
22.7
55.3
0.0
26.8
0.2
Touching/hugging
13.3
69.6
16.9
0.0
0.8
57.7
22.5
19.1
0.0
Kissing
0.8
1.3
21.5
59.0
0.0
26.4
0.0
50.7
22.2
183
Other_________________
19.9
80.1
0.0
28.3
0.0
71.7
[Number
1043
1100
PMWI
Table 2.3U: Percentage distribution of URBAN respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their
perception of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to sex__________________________________________
Male
Female
Yes
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of transmission of
Sponta- After
Spontaknow
After
know
HIV/AIDS __________
neous probe
neous
probe
Unprotected sexual contact
62.8
2.0
31.3
3.9
0.0
52.2
27.8
4.9
15.1
0.0
Blood transfusion
39.7
43.2
12.9
0.0
44.2
4.3
41.2
8.2
6.5
0.0
Mother to child
12.5
65.2
13.7
8.6
0.0
21.2
62.8
7.2
0.0
8.8
Mosquito bites
2.2
25.8
57.1
15.0
0.0
1.9
24.0
61.2
0.0
12.9
Shaking hands
0.3
6.2
82.0
0.0
11.5
0.1
7.0
80.3
12.7
0.0
Swimming or bathing
0.0
6.2
82.5
11.3
0.1
0.0
6.3
77.9
15.8
0.0
Sharing meals
0.8
9.3
79.0
11.0
0.0
1.7
14.3
73.5
0.0
10.5
Sharing shaving sets
33.3
49.5
12.6
4.6
0.0
23.4
57.2
10.1
9.2
0.0
Sharing needles/ syringes
50.3
40.5
4.9
4.3
0.0
63.1
27.2
4.6
5.0
0.0
Saliva
14.4
4.3
65.4
15.8
0.0
0.1
7.9
63.0
28.9
0.1
Tears
0.1
6.2
75.8
17.9
0.0
0.0
5.0
66.9
28.1
0.0
Touching/hugging
0.2
5.1
79.3
15.5
0.0
0.9
8.2
18.1
72.8
0.0
Kissing
0.4
12.4
69.6
17.6
0.8
0.0
10.0
66.0
23.1
0.1
Other_________________
23.5 I
76.5
0.0
19.1
80.9 L
;'.L 0.0
Number
1103
974
i^ai
Belgaum District
Table 2.3T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to sex_____
Male
Female
_____ Yes
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of transmission of
Sponta- After
know
Sponta- After
know
HIV/AIDS_____________
neous probe
neous
probe
Unprotected sexual contact
62.5
31.0
2.5
4.0
0.1
30.2
43.5
20.4
5.9
0.0
Blood transfusion
35.9
44.2
12.8
7.1
0.0
35.5
44.5
8.4
11.7
0.0
Mother to child
8.5
63.4
16.1
11.9
0.0
14.7
66.8
8.4
10.2
0.0
Mosquito bites
3.2
33.6
48.6
14.7
0.0
3.2
33.1
48.3
15.4
0.0
Shaking hands
0.5
11.3
76.3
0.0
11.9
0.5
15.7
68.8
15.0
0.0
Swimming or bathing
0.4
11.7
74.9
0.0
13.1
0.3
17.8
65.0
17.0
0.0
Sharing meals
1.4
15.1
71.3
12.2
0.0
1.9
23.9
13.3
60.8
0.1
Sharing shaving sets
28.2
50.4
14.8
0.0
6.7
18.2
58.6
12.4
10.8
0.1
Sharing needles/ syringes
42.5
46.6
5.7
5.2
0.0
36.2
50.7
4.2
9.0
0.0
Saliva
7.0
23.9
50.2
18.9
0.0
19.8
1.3
52.9
26.0
0.0
Tears
0.2
10.2
68.3
21.5
0.0
0.3
14.4
58.1
27.1
0.0
0.2
Touching/hugging
11.2
72.2
16.5
0.0
0.8
19.0
61.3
18.9
0.0
Kissing
1.0
19.1
61.8
18.1
0.0
22.4
0.8
54.4
22.4
0.0
.-,r 73.9
Other_________________
20.8
79.2 J
0.0
26.1
0.0
Number
2146
2074
Table 2.3T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to place of residence_________________
Rural
Urban
_____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of transmission of
Sponta- After
know
Sponta- After
know
HIV/AIDS_____________
neous probe
neous
probe
Unprotected sexual contact
51.6
30.9
4.4
13.0
0.1
57.9
29.7
3.4
9.1
0.0
Blood transfusion
33.6
45.0
10.6
10.7
0.0
41.8
42.3
10.7
5.3
0.0
Mother to child
9.8
65.4
12.7
12.1
0.0
16.5
64.1
11.4
7.9
0.0
Mosquito bites
3.5
36.2
44.9
15.4
0.0
2.1
24.9
59.0
14.0
0.0
Shaking hands
0.6
15.7
69.8
0.0
13.9
0.2
6.6
12.0
81.2
0.0
Swimming or bathing
0.4
17.5
66.6
15.5
0.0
0.1
6.3
80.4
13.4
0.0
Sharing meals
1.8
22.0
62.7
0.1
13.5
1.2
11.6
76.4
10.8
0.0
Sharing shaving sets
21.5
54.8
13.3
10.4
0.1
28.7
53.1
11.4
6.7
0.0
Sharing needles/ syringes
44.0
43.2
5.0
7.9
0.0
56.3
34.3
4.8
4.7
0.0
Saliva
4.8
25.4
47.2
22.6
0.0
2.4
11.4
64.3
21.9
0.0
Tears
0.3
14.5
60.5
24.8
0.0
0.1
5.6
71.7
22.7
0.0
Touching/hugging
0.5
17.9
63.7
18.0
0.0
0.5
6.5
76.3
16.7
0.0
Kissing
1.0
23.9
20.2
54.9
0.0
0.6
11.3
67.9
20.1
0.0
Other_________________
24.1
21.5 |
75.9
0.0
78.6
0.0
Number
2143
2077
Belgaum District
Table 2.4: Among the respondents who have some knowledge about HIV/AIDS, the percentage who have specific
misconceptions about transmission of HIV/AIDS, according to selected background characteristics_____________
Number
Characteristics
Any one
Any two
Any three
More than three
Sex
Male
Female________________
Place of residence
Rural
Urban
misconception
misconceptions
misconceptions
misconceptions
56.0
40.1
35.3
19.1
26.4
11.8
21.4
7.3
2143
2077
54.1
49.7
30.1
32.4
21.3
24.3
16.0
19.7
2146
2074
21.5
15-19
51.2
17.4
808
28.9
20-24
21.3
51.1
30.6
17.0
742
25-29
52.7
19.5
27.5
15.1
683
30-34
55.7
35.5
25.9
19.8
566
24.8
35-39
50.6
35.1
18.6
625
40-44
51.7
31.4
25.2
19.6
398
45-49_________________
51.1
31.1
23.5
18.7
398
Marital status
Currently married
53.5
33.1
24.9
19.7
2779
Marriage dissolved
48.2
35.5
28.3
23.8
160
48.9
Never married_________
26.2
17.0
12.4
1281
Literacy and education
Illiterate
38.8
56.0
30.1
23.6
900
Primary
41.5
32.8
58.6
200
28.0
Middle
59.4
29.4
36.8
24.9
634
24.4
Secondary
33.0
49.9
18.3
322
Secondary+____________
23.0
46.3
14.3
10.4
2160
Occupation
Cultivator
43.0
65.1
33.8
27.6
474
Agricultural labourer
41.2
62.6
31.0
23.9
140
Non-agricultural labourer
52.6
24.2
32.6
20.3
601
Business
47.3
24.5
13.8
10.6
593
Salaried employment
48.6
24.2
15.2
10.5
456
Housework
49.7
32.1
24.1
18.7
1298
Student_______________
41.7
19.3
12.7
8.9
644
Religion
Hindu
52.8
31.7
23.3
18.7
3463
Muslim
48.0
20.2
29.2
13.1
526
Jain
23.6
30.8
49.7
16.3
197
Other_________________
39.7
11.8
23.5
3.9
34
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
57.8
29.5
36.5
23.7
412
Scheduled Tribe
55.7
29.3
36.2
26.0
292
Other________________
50.9
30.1
21.3
16.3
3516
Household SLI
Low
54.5
37.6
28.7
21.9
1079
Medium
55.4
31.2
23.3
19.1
1318
High_________________
47.2
26.7
17.8
13.6
1817
31.2
52.0
22.8
17.8
Total_________________
4220
Note: Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
The misconceptions are: Mosquito bites, Shaking hands, Swimming or bathing, Sharing meals, Saliva, Tears, Touching oi
hugging and kissing
Belgaum District
Table 2.5R: Percentage distribution of RURAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex_____
Male
Female
_____Yes
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of preventing
Sponta- After
know
Sponta- After
know
HIV/AIDS______________
neous =probe
neous
probe
Take medicine or herbal
2.5
9.5
52.1
35.4
0.7
3.7
18.7
53.4
23.7
0.4
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
26.1
12.8
29.9
30.6
8.4
0.4
0.5
21.6
44.3
25.3
Avoid sharing injection
23.6
18.1
17.4
0.4
29.1
28.8
26.6
40.9
14.8
0.5
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
1.6
8.0
57.8
32.0
1.0
0.4
0.7
12.9
69.5
16.2
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
2.0
13.0
55.8
29.0
0.2
1.5
8.5
65.4
24.6
0.0
Eat nutritious food
Have sex only with one
faithful partner
Other__________________
[Number
1.0
19.5
8.5
15.4
19.5
49.8
30.3
91.0
1043
33.2
30.1
0.7
0.5
2.9
30.7
0.5
4.8
18.4
10.6
61.5
43.6
16.7
14.7
0.4
0.4
0.4
94.8
1100
Table 2.5U: Percentage distribution of URBAN respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their
perception of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex
Male
Female
Yes
No
Don't Missing
Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of preventing
Sponta- After
Sponta- After
know
know
iHIV/AIDS______________
neous probe
neous _ probe
Take medicine or herbal
2.5
13.4
54.0
29.9
0.2
2.3
10.8
53.8
33.1
0.0
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
28.4
32.6
13.8
25.1
0.2
17.5
16.9
37.2
28.4
0.0
Avoid sharing injection
17.0
0.2
29.1
25.0
12.0
28.6
32.8
35.1
20.1
0.0
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
0.9
8.6
62.2
28.0
0.2
0.8
4.9
70.6
23.8
0.0
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
3.8
25.4
59.4
0.0
11.4
3.2
17.7
69.1
10.0
0.0
Eat nutritious food
3.2
13.1
55.1
28.4
0.2
14.4
2.2
58.0
25.3
0.0
Have sex only with one
21.8
20.2
32.4
0.2
25.4
28.1
12.9
37.1
22.0
0.0
faithful partner
Other__________________
9.5
90.3
0.2
7.0
0.0
B
1 93.0
Number
1103
974
/ 3!
Belgaum District
Table 2.5T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex_____
Male
Female
No
Yes
Don't Missing _____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of preventing
Sponta- After
Sponta- After
know
know
HIV/AIDS______________
neous probe
neous
probe
Take medicine or herbal
2.5
10.5
52.6
3.4
33.9
0.6
16.8
53.5
26.0
0.3
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
27.8
29.5
29.2
0.4
10.6
13.1
20.5
26.0
42.6
0.3
0.4
Avoid sharing injection
27.8
25.1
17.8
29.0
28.6
16.1
38.9
16.1
0.3
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
1.4
8.1
58.9
30.9
0.6
1.0
11.0
69.7
18.0
0.3
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
0.6
1.5
12.1
53.9
31.9
1.5
14.2
64.8
19.1
0.3
Eat nutritious food
0.6
1.5
14.8
31.9
51.2
2.7
17.5
60.7
0.3
18.8
0.4
Have sex only with one
20.1
19.7
28.9
30.1
30.9
11.2
16.4
42.0
0.3
faithful partner
Other__________________
8.8
90.8
0.4
5.3
94,4
0.3
Number
2146
2074
Table 2.5T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according place of residence______________________________________
Rural
Urban
_____Yes
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
No
Don't Missing
Modes of preventing
Sponta- After
Sponta- After
know
know
HIV/AIDS______________
neous probe
neous
probe
Take medicine or herbal
3.1
14.0
52.7
29.6
0.6
2.4
12.2
53.9
31.4
0.1
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
17.4
17.2
37.0
28.0
0.5
25.6
15.2
32.5
26.6
0.1
Avoid sharing injection
34.9
25.1
17.7
0.5
21.8
31.9
14.7
30.6
22.7
0.1
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
1.3
10.4
63.6
24.2
0.6
0.9
6.9
66.1
26.1
0.1
utensils
1.4
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
13.9
58.9
25.2
0.6
1.8
10.9
60.3
26.9
0.1
Eat nutritious food
1.9
16.9
55.6
25.0
0.6
2.7
13.7
56.5
27.0
0.1
Have sex only with one
25.1
15.1
22.5
0.5
36.9
24.7
16.8
34.6
23.8
0.1
faithful partner
Other__________________
6.7
92.8
0.5
16.7
83.3 I.. ■ J
0.0
Number
2143
2077
C.............
■...............-.J
Belgaum District
Table 2.9R: Percentage of RURAL respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
______ Total
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
0.5
216
6.9
200
3.4
20-24
2.8
189
160
19.5
10.0
25-29
3.4
151
17.9
198
11.0
30-34
6.6
133
14.3
146
10.5
35-39
7.6
156
6.6
172
7.1
40-44
8.2
3.9
93
120
5.9
45-49________________
1.8
105
7.2
104
4.6
Marital status
Currently married
6.0
648
13.2
830
9.9
Marriage dissolved
0.0
8
99
10.5
9.7
Never married_________
0.8
387
1.7
171
1.1
Literacy and education
Illiterate
5.6
175
7.0
444
6.6
Primary
1.3
79
4.8
48
2.3
Middle
4.7
138
13.6
207
9.8
Secondary
1.3
73
15.1
83
7.8
Secondary+___________
4.1
578
16.4
316
8.0
Occupation
Cultivator
3.9
337
0.4
73
3.2
Agricultural labourer
11.4
66
0.0
55
6.0
Non-agricultural labourer
2.0
185
144
9.5
5.1
Business
3.5
132
15.1
36
5.6
Salaried employment
9.7
124
26
15.6
10.8
Housework
0.0
4
15.6
674
15.5
Student______________
0.8
192
0.0
87
0.6
Religion
Hindu
4.3
903
11.1
935
7.6
Muslim
1.0
71
8.4
81
4.3
Jain
3.1
59
20.3
69
12.0
Other________________
0.0
10
7.0
15
4.1
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
4.4
109
11.9
107
7.8
Scheduled Tribe
1.7
67
5.6
83
3.9
Other_______________
4.1
867
11.7
910
7.8
Household SLI
Low
1.8
317
8.5
372
5.3
Medium
6.2
376
12.5
379
9.2
High________________
3.5
347
12.9
348
7.9
Total________________
4.0
1043
11.2
1100
7.5
Total include 2, 8 and 4 cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
416
349
349
279
328
213
209
1478
107
558
619
127
345
156
894
410
121
329
168
150
678
279
1838
152
128
25
216
150
1777
689
755
695
2143
Belgaum District
Table 2.9U: Percentage of URBAN respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
______Male
_____ Female
______Total
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
1.1
211
181
5.5
3.1
20-24
3.7
216
29.4
177
14.7
25-29
34.6
13.8
160
174
24.6
30-34
9.6
145
32.1
142
20.6
35-39
11.4
151
15.6
146
13.5
40-44
13.9
108
11.6
77
13.0
45-49________________
112
6.7
9.3
77
7.7
Marital status
Currently married
10.9
615
27.4
686
19.5
Marriage dissolved
0.0
5
14.8
48
13.4
Never married_________
3.9
483
4.5
240
4.1
Literacy and education
Illiterate
1.6
122
16.6
159
9.7
Primary
0.0
46
11.8
27
4.1
Middle
6.9
143
19.2
146
12.8
Secondary
6.2
94
72
19.2
12.2
Secondary+___________
9.7
697
23.2
569
15.8
Occupation
Cultivator
2.6
8.4
49
15
4.1
Agricultural labourer
0.0
11
28.6
8
12.9
Non-agricultural labourer
5.5
234
13.1
38
6.5
Business
7.1
351
16.7
74
8.6
Salaried employment
16.1
228
27.6
78
18.9
Housework
100.0
1
25.0
619
25.1
Student______________
3.1
226
5.2
139
3.9
Religion
Hindu
7.7
851
22.1
774
14.4
Muslim
5.6
206
13.4
168
9.1
Jain
14.2
39
36.8
30
23.6
Other_______________
38.6
7
54.7
2
41.7
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
12.7
105
21.5
91
16.7
Scheduled Tribe
4.8
81
17.1
61
10.1
Other_______________
7.5
917
21.4
822
13.9
Household SLI
Low
3.8
209
18.0
181
10.1
Medium
5.9
311
17.2
252
10.8
High________________
10.0
582
23.7
540
16.6
Total________________
7.7
1103
21.1
974
13.9
Total include 2, 6 and 2 cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
392
393
334
o on
Z.O /
297
185
189
1301
53
723
281
73
289
166
1266
64
19
272
425
306
620
365
1625
374
69
9
196
142
1739
390
563
1122
2077
Belgaum District
Table 2.9T: Percentage of TOTAL respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
____ Total
Characteristic__________
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Place of residence
Rural
4.0
1043
11.2
1100
7.5
2143
Urban
7.7
1103
21.1
974
13.9
2077
15-19
0.7
427
6.6
381
20-24
3.1
405
22.3
337
25-29
6.1
311
22.2
372
30-34
7.4
278
18.9
288
35-39
8.5
8.7
307
318
40-44
9.9
201
5.4
197
45-49________________
3.2
217
7.6
181
Marital status
Currently married
7.2
1263
16.4
1516
Marriage dissolved
0.0
13
147
11.2
Never married_________
1.7
870
2.7
411
Literacy and education
Illiterate
4.9
297
8.0
603
Primary
1.1
125
6.1
75
Middle
5.3
281
14.7
353
Secondary
2.6
167
16.1
155
Secondary+___________
5.8
1275
19.3
885
Occupation
Cultivator
3.8
386
0.8
88
Agricultural labourer
10.8
77
1.4
63
Non-agricultural labourer
3.0
419
9.8
182
Business
5.2
483
15.8
110
Salaried employment
12.3
352
21.5
104
Housework
8.4
5
18.1
1293
Student______________
1.5
418
2.0
226
Religion
Hindu
5.1
1754
13.6
1709
Muslim
3.4
277
11.0
249
Jain
5.7
98
23.2
99
Other________________
3.5
17
7.8
17
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
6.3
214
14.2
198
Scheduled Tribe
2.6
148
8.0
144
Other________________
5.0
1784
14.1
1732
Household SL1
Low
2.2
526
9.7
553
Medium
6.2
687
13.4
631
High________________
5.9
929
16.9
888
Total________________
5.0
2146
13.6
2074
Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
3.3
11.3
14.5
13.2
8.6
7.6
5.4
808
742
683
566
625
398
398
12.1
10.3
2.0
2779
160
1281
7.0
2.6
10.5
8.9
10.7
900
200
634
322
2160
3.2
6.3
5.4
7.0
14.2
18.1
1.7
474
140
601
593
456
1298
644
9.2
6.8
14.4
5.9
3463
526
197
34
9.9
5.5
9.4
412
292
3516
6.0
9.5
11.1
9.1
1079
1318
1817
4220
Belgaum District
Table 2.12R: Percent of never married RURAL respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
Characteristic
____ Male
Percent
Number
____ Female
Number
Percent
____ Total
Percent
Number
236
0.0
147
3.2
4.9
15-19
24
6.6
20-24
7.8
143
0.0
10.2
12
7.1
6.5
25-29
46
10
9.3
30-49________________
4.6
11
15.9
Literacy and education
11.6
37
23
6.6
0.0
Illiterate
Primary
0.0
12
0.0
1
0.0
9.6
13
9.9
Middle
9.9
49
22
0.0
Secondary
19.8
38
12.8
Secondary+___________
2.7
300
1.0
134
2.2
Occupation
6.4
Cultivator
83
0.0
1
6.6
0.0
Agricultural labourer
15
0.0
1
0.0
Non-agricultural labourer
15.4
10.4
67
9
14.9
32
Business
1.3
9
0.0
1.0
40
Salaried employment
6.1
0.0
11
4.9
Housework
Nil
Nil
74
1.8
1.8
Student______________
3.1
198
0.0
88
2.2
Religion
Hindu
4.9
384
1.4
164
3.9
Muslim
32.1
0.0
15
19
19.6
Jain
8.9
29
0.0
10
6.8
4
Other________________
0.0
0.0
4
0.0
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
1.5
54
2.5
5.4
19
Scheduled Tribe
14.8
24
9.9
13
13.5
Other_______________
6.0
358
0.0
161
4.2
Household SLI
Low
65
9.5
127
1.7
7.1
Medium
63
4.2
162
2.1
3.6
High________________
65
5.0
0.0
146
3.5
Travel due to work
Yes
8.2
225
0.0
48
6.9
No__________________
3.1
211
1.6
2.5
145
Total________________
6.0
436
193
4.6
1.2
Note: Total includes person with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
383
167
58
21
60
13
62
60
434
84
16
76
41
51
74
286
548
34
39
8
73
37
519
192
225
211
273
356
629
Belgaum District
Table 2.12U: Percent of never married URBAN respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
_____ Total
Characteristic__________
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Age
15-19
1.1
221
1.27
176
1.2
397
20-24
10.1
199
0
65
7.7
264
25-29
8.6
73
0
15
7.2
88
30-49_______________
4.9
18
0
15
2.8
33
Literacy and education
Illiterate
11.0
29
3.8
14
8.8
43
Primary
11.0
9
0.0
1
9.7
10
Middle
6.9
49
0.0
22
4.8
71
Secondary
7.6
55
0.0
24
5.2
79
Secondary+___________
4.9
369
0.9
210
3.5
579
Occupation
Cultivator
0.0
17
Nil
Nil
0.0
17
Agricultural labourer
0.0
1
Nil
Nil
0.0
1
Non-agricultural labourer
14.4
88
0.0
1
14.3
89
Business
5.4
115
3.4
14
5.1
129
Salaried employment
3.6
58
0.0
22
2.7
80
Housework
Nil
Nil
0.5
88
0.5
88
Student______________
3.8
231
0.9
145
2.7
376
Religion
Hindu
5.6
415
1.1
202
4.1
617
Muslim
6.7
82
0.0
58
3.9
140
Jain
0.0
11
0.0
11
0.0
22
Other_______________
26.5
3
Nil
Nil
26.5
3
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
15.3
43
0.0
23
9.9
66
Scheduled Tribe
0.0
40
0.0
19
0.0
59
Other_______________
5.4
428
1.0
3.9
229
657
Household SL1
Low
11.6
82
0.9
7.4
53
135
Medium
7.7
160
3.0
62
6.5
222
High________________
3.1
268
0.0
155
1.9
423
Travel due to work
Yes
9.8
185
4.4
31
9.0
216
No__________________
3.7
326
0.4
240
2.3
566
Total________________
5.8
511
0.8
271
4.1
782
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
)
Belgaum District
Table 2.12T: Percent of never married TOTAL respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
2
Characteristic__________
Place ofresidence
Rural
Urban
____ Male
Number
Percent
6.0
5.8
436
511
___ Female
Number
Percent
1.2
0.8
193
271
____ Total
Number
Percent
4.6
4.1
457
323
2.6
0.4
4.01
15-19
342
0.0
89
7.0
20-24
8.56
7.4
27
7.2
119
7.13
25-29
9.0
4.74
25
6.5
29
30-49________________
Literacy and education
11.4
Illiterate
66
0.5
37
7.0
21
0.0
2
1.4
Primary
1.5
9.2
98
5.6
35
Middle
8.5
0.0
46
Secondary
16.5
93
10.8
3.4
344
Secondary+___________
669
0.9
2.6
Occupation
Cultivator
100
0.0
6.3
1
6.1
Agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
16
1
0.0
15.2
10
Non-agricultural labourer
155
10.1
14.7
Business
3.5
147
1.1
23
3.1
Salaried employment
98
0.0
33
5.3
4.2
Housework
1.4
162
1.4
Student______________
3.3
429
0.4
233
2.3
Religion
Hindu
5.1
1.3
799
366
4.0
Muslim
16.6
101
0.0
73
9.9
Jain
7.5
40
0.0
21
5.4
0.0
Other_______________
2.9
7
4
1.7
Caste/Tribe
4.4
Scheduled Caste
97
42
3.8
4.2
Scheduled Tribe
10.2
64
32
9.0
6.3
Other_______________
5.8
786
0.3
390
4.1
Household SL1
Low
9.8
209
1.5
118
7.2
Medium
5.1
4.4
322
2.3
125
High________________
4.3
414
0.0
220
2.8
Travel due to work
Yes
8.5
410
0.8
79
7.3
No_________________
3.3
537
1.1
385
2.4
Total________________
6.0
947
464
1.1
4.5
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
629
782
780
431
146
54
103
23
133
139
1013
101
17
165
170
131
162
662
1165
174
61
11
139
96
1176
327
447
634
489
922
1411
Belgaum District
Table 2.13R: Median age at first sexual intercourse among RURAL respondents by sex, according to selected
background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
______ Total
Median age
Number Median age Number Median age Number
Characteristic__________
Tge
15-19
16.8
9
15.8
70
16.0
79
20-24
20.1
77
15.7
167
17.6
244
25-29
21.5
128
15.7
214
342
17.7
30-34
22.6
150
15.0
183
17.9
333
35-39
22.6
178
15.3
216
18.3
394
40-44
22.3
120
15.3
148
18.5
268
45-49________________
22.6
141
15.5
133
18.9
274
Marital status
Currently married
22.0
771
15.6
1006
18.1
1777
Marriage dissolved
18.9
9
14.6
123
14.7
132
Never married_________
17.7
23
15.1
2
17.5
25
Literacy and education
Illiterate
20.9
229
14.7
588
15.8
817
Primary
21.4
90
15.4
59
19.9
149
Middle
21.2
125
15.7
226
17.3
351
Secondary
20.8
45
16.4
65
18.2
110
Secondary+___________
24.1
314
18.2
191
21.3
505
Occupation
Cultivator
21.6
338
14.9
95
20.2
433
Agricultural labourer
20.5
66
14.3
16.8
63
129
Non-agricultural labourer
21.4
178
14.7
178
17.8
356
Business
23.8
114
16.6
29
22.9
143
Salaried employment
23.5
91
18.5
15
22.5
106
Housework
20.4
4
15.8
742
15.9
746
Student______________
17.8
10
Nil
Nil
17.8
10
Religion
Hindu
21.7
687
15.3
968
17.7
1655
Muslim
22.1
15.3
67
18.0
83
150
Jain
24.2
43
17.0
69
18.7
112
Other________________
25.0
6
19.5
11
20.5
17
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
20.7
85
14.6
108
17.4
193
Scheduled Tribe
59
20.9
14.4
87
15.8
146
Other________________
22.0
659
15.7
936
18.1
1595
Household SL1
Low
21.6
282
14.8
394
17.1
676
Medium
21.8
282
15.6
411
17.9
693
High________________
22.0
236
16.5
324
18.5
560
Travel due to work
Yes
21.8
421
15.0
154
19.9
575
No__________________
21.9
382
15.5
977
17.1
1359
Total________________
21.8
803
15.4
1131
17.9
1934
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.13U: Median age at first sexual intercourse among URBAN respondents by sex, according to selected
background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
______Total
Median age Number Median age Number Median age Number
Characteristic__________
zlge
15-19
17.2
3
16.7
30
20-24
20.4
51
18.1
145
23.7
25-29
18.0
103
187
30-34
25.3
141
18.0
156
24.3
35-39
17.4
159
189
40-44
24.4
116
18.8
98
25.2
45-49________________
124
17.6
109
Marital status
Currently married
24.4
662
18.0
841
Marriage dissolved
27.6
5
16.2
72
Never married_________
30
19.8
15.0
1
Literacy and education
Illiterate
21.4
130
15.7
252
Primary
45
17.0
22.7
38
Middle
23.4
116
16.8
172
Secondary
22.7
47
66
17.5
Secondary+___________
358
19.8
25.7
385
Occupation
Cultivator
24.6
38
16.9
21
Agricultural labourer
21.2
10
14
14.9
Non-agricultural labourer
22.5
15.4
191
62
Business
24.5
270
73
17.2
Salaried employment
25.9
175
18.7
61
Housework
30.0
1
18.1
679
Student______________
19.2
10
22.0
1
Religion
Hindu
24.5
512
18.0
711
Muslim
23.1
151
17.3
180
Jain
26.6
29
19.1
20
Other________________
21.0
5
19.7
3
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
21.6
75
81
15.9
Scheduled Tribe
22.7
49
15.6
66
Other________________
573
24.6
18.2
767
Household SLI
Low
22.0
168
16.2
205
Medium
22.9
189
17.2
263
High________________
25.8
340
446
18.8
Travel due to work
Yes
23.8
319
18.3
63
No__________________
24.6
17.8
378
851
Total________________
24.2
697
17.9
914
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education and occupation.
16.7
18.8
19.9
21.0
19.7
21.9
21.3
33
196
290
297
348
214
233
20.3
16.4
19.7
1503
77
31
17.6
20.4
18.7
18.8
22.1
382
83
288
113
743
21.5
18.1
21.0
23.4
24.5
18.1
19.4
59
24
253
343
236
680
11
20.1
19.5
22.6
20.6
1223
331
49
8
18.8
18.5
20.4
156
115
1340
18.6
19.0
21.4
373
452
786
22.7
19.2
20.0
382
1229
1611
Belgaum District
Table 2.13T: Median age at first sexual intercourse among TOTAL respondents by sex, according to selected
background characteristics
_______ Male
______ Female
_______ Total
Median age
Number Median age Number Median age Number
Characteristic__________
Place of residence
Rural
21.8
15.4
803
1131
17.9
1934
Urban
24.2
697
914
17.9
20.0
1611
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+___________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other_______________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_______________
Household SLI
Low
Medium
High________________
Travel due to work
Yes
No_________________
Total
16.8
22.8
22.7
23.0
12
128
231
291
337
236
265
15.9
16.5
16.2
15.5
15.7
15.7
15.7
100
312
401
339
405
246
242
16.1
17.9
18.1
18.6
18.7
19.3
19.4
112
440
632
630
742
482
507
22.4
19.9
18.2
1433
14
53
16.0
14.8
15.1
1847
195
3
18.6
15.0
18.0
3280
209
56
21.0
21.6
21.7
21.3
24.5
359
135
241
92
672
14.8
15.8
15.9
16.7
14.8
840
97
398
131
576
15.9
20.0
17.6
18.4
21.6
1199
232
639
223
1248
21.7
20.5
21.6
24.1
24.8
20.5
18.3
376
76
384
266
5
20
14.9
14.4
14.7
16.9
18.6
16.5
22.0
116
77
240
102
76
1421
1
20.2
16.9
18.5
23.1
23.5
16.5
18.4
492
153
609
486
342
1426
21
22.1
22.4
24.7
24.7
1199
218
72
11
15.7
16.2
17.2
19.5
1679
263
89
14
18.2
18.8
19.3
20.5
2878
481
161
25
20.8
21.5
22.5
160
108
1232
14.8
14.6
16.3
189
153
1703
17.8
16.3
18.5
349
261
2935
21.7
22.0
23.4
450
471
576
14.9
15.8
17.4
599
674
770
17.4
18.1
19.3
1145
22.1
22.4
22.3
740
760
1500
15.2
217
1828
2045
20.4
17.6
20.1
21.9
23.3
369
16.0
15.8
18.3
1049
1346
957
2588
3545
f
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 RM: Percent RURAL MALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected background
characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
partner
partner
partner
sex with
received Any of the
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
12 months 3 months 12 months
Characteristic
partner
sex
behavior
Number
2.2
0.0
2.2
3.3
0.0
15-19
1.4
5.5
1.9
0.8
0.6
20-24
0.5
0.5
0.2
12.0
0.0
25-29
1.6
2.3
21.0
2.3
30-34
1.8
0.9
0.5
0.9
18.4
3.8
35-39
40-44
1.3
0.9
0.3
15.3
3.6
2.0
3.0
3.0
45-49________________
15.1
0.7
Marital status
1.4
Currently married
1.3
1.3
17.3
2.0
4.6
0.0
4.6
Marriage dissolved
25.6
0.0
1.9
0.3
0.2
Never married_________
1.8
1.9
Literacy and education
1.3
1.4
1.4
Illiterate
13.9
2.5
18.4
Primary
3.6
3.2
3.6
2.1
Middle
1.2
1.2
0.9
9.6
1.3
Secondary
7.5
0.0
6.3
12.6
0.0
Secondary+___________
0.5
0.3
0.5
10.1
0.8
Occupation
1.4
Cultivator
1.7
1.4
14.5
0.5
0.0
Agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
16.7
7.9
3.7
1.2
3.7
11.2
Non-agricultural labourer
1.3
1.2
0.4
1.2
Business
16.7
1.1
1.0
1.0
Salaried employment
1.0
13.5
3.0
0.0
0.0
Housework
0.0
24.3
0.0
0.0
Student______________
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
Religion
Hindu
1.2
1.0
1.1
11.4
1.2
9.1
1.4
9.1
Muslim
21.7
0.0
Jain
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.4
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Other_______________
20.0
10.0
Caste/Tribe
0.0
0.0
0.0
Scheduled Caste
4.3
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Scheduled Tribe
10.8
0.0
2.0
Other_______________
1.1
1.9
13.1
1.6
Household SLI
Low
2.1
0.8
2.1
9.7
1.5
Medium
1.0
1.1
1.1
1.9
13.6
1.9
0.9
1.5
High________________
12.5
0.5
Travel due to work
1.4
2.5
2.3
16.1
Yes
2.1
0.4
No_________________
0.6
0.6
6.5
0.3
Total________________
1.6
0.9
1.5
11.9
1.3
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
3.3
5.6
12.0
21.0
18.4
15.3
15.1
240
215
170
157
179
120
143
17.3
25.6
2.0
779
9
436
13.9
18.4
9.8
12.6
10.1
262
102
171
82
607
14.5
16.7
11.3
16.7
13.5
24.3
0.4
418
81
239
147
128
4
204
11.5
21.7
2.4
20.0
1059
85
70
10
4.3
10.8
13.1
138
82
1004
9.8
13.6
12.5
401
441
377
16.2
6.5
11.9
636
588
1224
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 RF: Percent RURAL FEMALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected
background characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
partner
partner
partner
sex with
received Any of the
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
Characteristic
12 months 3 months 12 months
partner
sex
behavior
Number
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.6
20-24
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
25-29
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.3
0.6
30-34
2.9
3.2
3.2
2.9
3.2
35-39
0.0
0.6
0.0
0.0
0.6
40-44
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.5
0.0
45-49________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Marital status
0.6
Currently married
0.6
0.6
1.0
0.6
1.0
Marriage dissolved
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.5
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
Never married_________
0.0
0.0
0.0
Literacy and education
0.9
Illiterate
0.9
0.9
0.9
1.7
1.7
0.0
Primary
0.0
0.0
1.1
1.1
2.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Middle
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
Secondary
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Secondary+___________
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
Occupation
Cultivator
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.0
1.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Agricultural labourer
1.7
1.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
Non-agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Business
0.0
0.0
1.3
1.3
0.0
2.2
Salaried employment
2.2
0.0
0.0
2.2
0.8
Housework
0.8
0.8
1.2
0.9
1.2
Student______________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Religion
Hindu
0.5
0.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
1.1
Muslim
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Jain
0.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
2.3
2.3
Other________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Caste/Tribe
0.0
Scheduled Caste
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Scheduled Tribe
4.7
4.7
4.7
5.7
4.7
5.7
Other________________
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.5
0.6
Household SLI
Low
1.2
1.2
1.2
1.3
1.7
1.8
Medium
0.0
0.1
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
High________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Travel due to work
Yes
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.9
2.7
3.2
No__________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.5
0.5
Total________________
0.4
0.4
0.5
1.0
0.5
1.0
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
15-19
219
192
225
186
221
153
135
1008
130
193
»
618
61
238
87
325
98
65
187
38
26
820
88
1139
98
79
15
128
101
1102
462
477
390
202
1129
1331
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 R: Percent RURAL respondents who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected background
characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
partner
partner
partner
sex with
received Any of the
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
Characteristic
12 months 3 months 12 months
partner
sex
behavior
Number
1.2
0.0
2.1
15-19
1.2
0.0
2.1
20-24
1.0
0.4
0.7
3.1
0.3
3.2
0.2
0.2
0.1
5.7
5.9
0.2
25-29
30-34
2.6
2.8
11.2
2.4
2.3
11.2
0.4
0.3
0.4
8.9
1.8
35-39
8.9
40-44
0.6
0.4
0.2
7.9
1.7
7.9
1.0
1.6
1.6
7.8
0.4
7.8
45-49________________
Marital status
1.0
Currently married
0.9
0.9
1.2
8.3
8.3
0.0
0.3
3.6
0.4
0.3
4.0
Marriage dissolved
0.2
1.3
1.3
1.3
0.2
1.4
Never married_________
Literacy and education
5.4
Illiterate
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.4
5.4
2.2
13.1
Primary
2.5
2.5
1.8
13.4
4.3
0.4
Middle
0.5
0.5
0.6
4.4
0.0
4.0
0.0
3.4
Secondary
6.8
6.8
0.4
6.9
0.4
0.2
Secondary+___________
0.5
6.9
Occupation
1.3
1.1
1.1
11.3
0.4
Cultivator
11.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
9.2
3.9
Agricultural labourer
9.2
2.1
0.7
2.1
6.3
6.4
0.7
Non-agricultural labourer
0.4
1.0
14.1
1.0
14.1
0.9
Business
1.2
0.8
0.8
11.5
2.5
11.5
Salaried employment
1.2
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.9
Housework
1.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
Student______________
0.3
Religion
0.7
0.8
6.1
0.9
0.9
6.2
Hindu
11.3
0.7
0.0
4.7
4.7
11.3
Muslim
2.4
0.0
0.0
0.6
2.4
0.6
Jain
0.0
0.0
0.0
8.2
4.1
8.2
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.4
2.4
0.3
Scheduled Caste
2.7
7.9
7.9
2.7
2.7
2.7
Scheduled Tribe
1.0
0.6
1.0
6.7
0.8
6.7
Other_______________
Household SLI
1.6
1.0
1.6
5.4
1.4
Low
5.5
7.3
1.0
7.3
0.5
0.6
0.6
Medium
0.4
0.8
6.4
1.0
0.3
6.4
High________________
Travel due to work
1.6
2.3
12.8
2.3
2.5
12.9
Yes
0.1
0.2
2,6
0.1
2.6
0.2
No_________________
Total________________
6.3
6.4
1.0
0.7
1.0
0.9
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
459
407
395
343
400
273
278
1787
139
629
880
163
409
169
932
516
146
426
185
154
824
292
2198
183
149
25
266
183
2106
863
918
767
838
1717
2555
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 UM: Percent URBAN MALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected background
characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
partner
partner
partner
sex with
received Any of the
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
Characteristic__________
12 months 3 months 12 months
partner
sex
behavior
Number
zlge
15-19
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
221
20-24
2.0
1.2
1.9
3.5
4.4
1.8
231
25-29
1.9
0.0
1.3
8.4
3.3
8.8
170
30-34
0.0
0.8
0.8
12.0
0.9
12.0
151
35-39
1.8
1.4
2.2
14.8
5.2
14.8
163
40-44
2.1
2.1
3.1
9.0
1.1
9.0
119
45-49________________
0.5
1.3
1.3
14.4
2.3
14.4
124
Marital status
Currently married
1.2
1.3
1.9
13.0
2.7
13.0
663
Marriage dissolved
0.0
0.0
0.0
17.5
0.0
17.5
5
Never married_________
1.1
0.4
0.8
1.1
1.1
1.7
511
Literacy and education
Illiterate
1.8
2.3
2.3
12.8
1.9
12.8
156
Primary
2.1
2.1
2.1
13.5
4.2
13.5
53
Middle
0.0
1.0
2.0
9.6
2.7
10.2
160
Secondary
1.9
1.2
1.2
9.0
2.0
9.0
99
Secondary+___________
1.1
0.4
1.1
5.6
1.7
5.9
710
Occupation
Cultivator
1.1
0.0
0.0
8.3
0.0
8.3
55
Agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
0.0
6.2
0.0
6.2
11
Non-agricultural labourer
2.7
2.8
3.5
10.4
3.9
10.8
266
Business
0.7
0.8
1.1
9.3
1.0
9.5
378
Salaried employment
0.9
0.0
0.9
9.7
2.8
9.7
231
Housework
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1
Student______________
0.6
0.0
0.6
0.6
1.1
1.1
234
Religion
Hindu
1.2
0.8
1.4
7.7
2.0
7.9
905
Muslim
1.1
1.3
1.9
8.6
2.3
8.9
227
Jain
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
1.8
40
Other________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
38.6
0.0
38.6
7
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
3.4
1.7
2.5
17.3
4.5
18.2
111
Scheduled Tribe
2.6
1.3
2.6
10.9
2.6
10.9
89
Other________________
0.8
0.7
1.2
6.5
1.7
6.7
979
Household SLI
Low
3.6
2.0
3.4
13.2
5.1
13.6
241
Medium
0.3
1.2
1.5
6.9
1.7
7.3
338
High________________
0.8
0.3
0.7
6.4
1.1
6.6
599
Travel due to work
Yes
1.5
1.2
1.8
11.7
3.1
12.1
485
No__________________
0.9
0.6
1.2
5.3
1.3
5.5
694
Total________________
1.2
0.9
1.4
7.9
2.0
8.1
1179
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
/
Belgaum District
1
Table 2.22 UF: Percent URBAN FEMALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected
background characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
than 1
partner
partner
partner
sex with
received Any of the
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
Characteristic__________
12 months 3 months 12 months
partner
sex
behavior
Number
Age
0.0
0.0
15-19
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
207.
20-24
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
211
25-29
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.4
202
30-34
1.4
0.6
1.3
2.1
0.6
2.1
162
0.0
0.0
35-39
0.0
1.2
1.2
0.0
194
0.0
0.0
40-44
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
100
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
45-49________________
0.0
112
Marital status
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.6
0.1
Currently married
0.6
845
0.0
0.0
1.8
Marriage dissolved
2.8
0.0
2.8
72
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
271
Never married_________
Literacy and education
0.4
0.4
0.8
0.4
1.4
1.4
Illiterate
265
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Primary
0.0
39
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.0
Middle
0.0
194
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Secondary
0.0
91
0.2
0.0
0.0
Secondary+
______
0.5
0.0
0.5
598
Occupation
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21
Cultivator
0.0
0.0
0.0
7.6
7.6
14
0.0
Agricultural labourer
7.6
2.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
2.0
Non-agricultural labourer
63
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.5
1.5
87
Business
1.1
1.1
1.1
2.3
1.1
2.3
83
Salaried employment
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.0
Housework
0.3
769
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
147
Student______________
Religion
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.8
0.1
0.8
916
Hindu
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
238
Muslim
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
31
0.0
Jain
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3
0.0
0.0
Other_______________
Caste/Tribe
0.9
0.9
0.9
104
0.9
0.9
0.9
Scheduled Caste
3.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
3.0
87
Scheduled Tribe
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.1
0.0
997
Other_______________
Household SLI
0.6
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.0
1.2
258
Low
0.3
1.2
1.2
0.3
0.7
0.3
325
Medium
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
604
0.0
High________________
Travel due to work
0.9
0.9
0.9
94
0.9
0.9
0.9
Yes
1094
0.6
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.6
0.0
No_________________
Total________________
0.2
0.1
0.2
0.1
1188
0.6
0.6
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 U: Percent URBAN respondents who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected
background characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had Ever paid/
partner
partner
partner
received Any of the
sex with
during last during last during last more than 1 money for
risk
Characteristic__________
12 months 3 months 12 months
partner
sex
behavior
Number
/Ige
0.0
15-19
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
428
1.1
20-24
0.6
1.0
1.8
1.0
2.4
442
0.0
0.9
25-29
0.6
4.0
1.5
4.1
372
0.7
30-34
0.7
1.1
6.9
0.7
6.9
313
7.4
35-39
0.8
0.6
1.0
7.4
2.4
357
40-44
1.1
5.4
1.1
1.7
5.4
0.6
219
45-49________________
0.3
0.7
1.2
0.7
7.6
7.6
236
Marital status
Currently married
0.6
0.6
1.0
6.1
1.2
6.1
1508
0.0
Marriage dissolved
1.7
0.0
3.8
0.0
3.8
77
Never married_________
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.7
0.8
1.1
782
Literacy and education
0.9
Illiterate
1.1
1.3
5.7
0.9
5.7
421
Primary
1.3
1.3
1.3
8.0
2.5
8.0
92
Middle
0.0
0.5
1.2
0.9
4.7
4.9
354
Secondary
0.6
4.4
0.9
0.6
4.4
1.0
190
Secondary+___________
0.7
0.6
0.2
3.3
0.9
3.5
1308
Occupation
Cultivator
0.8
0.0
0.0
5.8
0.0
5.8
76
Agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
4.7
7.1
0.0
7.1
25
Non-agricultural labourer
2.6
2.3
2.8
8.7
3.1
9.0
329
Business
0.5
0.6
0.9
8.0
0.8
8.1
465
Salaried employment
1.0
0.3
1.0
7.8
2.4
7.8
314
Housework
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
0.3
770
Student______________
0.4
0.4
0.0
0.4
0.7
0.7
381
Religion
Hindu
0.7
0.8
0.5
4.2
1.1
4.4
1821
Muslim
0.5
4.2
0.6
0.9
1.1
4.3
465
Jain
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.0
0.0
1.0
71
Other________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
27.6
0.0
27.6
10
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
2.2
1.3
1.7
9.4
2.7
9.8
215
Scheduled Tribe
1.3
0.7
1.9
6.9
1.3
6.9
176
Other_______________
0.5
0.4
0.6
3.4
0.8
3.5
1976
Household SLI
Low
2.0
1.0
1.7
7.1
2.5
7.3
499
Medium
0.3
0.7
1.1
4.2
1.0
4.4
663
High________________
0.4
0.1
0.3
3.2
0.5
3.3
1203
Travel due to work
Yes
1.4
1.2
1.6
9.8
2.7
10.1
579
No__________________
0.4
0.2
2.4
0.5
0.5
2.5
1788
Total
0.7
0.5
0.8
4.2
1.0
_________
4,4
2367
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
r
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 TM: Percent TOTAL MALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected background
characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
Ever paid/
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had
partner
received
partner
sex
with
Any of the
partner
during
last
more
than
1
money
for
risk
during last during last 3
partner
sex
behavior
Number
months
12 months
Characteristic___________
12 months
Place of residence
1224
1.5
11.9
11.9
Rural
1.6
0.9
1.3
1179
1.4
7.9
2.0
8.1
1.2
0.9
Urban
1.7
2.6
0.0
2.6
1.7
0.0
15-19
4.9
1.5
1.0
5.3
2.0
0.9
20-24
0.4
0.5
11.1
0.8
11.2
0.8
25-29
18.7
1.4
1.9
1.5
18.7
1.7
30-34
4.1
17.6
1.2
17.6
1.1
0.7
35-39
13.8
1.2
13.8
3.0
1.0
1.5
40-44
14.9
14.9
1.6
2.6
2.6
1.1
45-49_________________
Marital status
1.4
1.5
16.3
2.1
16.3
1.3
Currently married
3.8
24.2
0.0
24.2
0.0
3.8
Marriage dissolved
1.7
1.9
0.3
1.5
0.5
1.7
Never married__________
Literacy and education
2.4
13.8
13.8
1.5
1.5
1.3
Illiterate
2.4
3.4
17.7
17.7
3.4
3.1
Primary
1.2
9.6
1.7
9.9
1.1
0.9
Middle
11.7
0.5
11.7
5.0
6.1
0.3
Secondary
8.7
1.1
8.8
0.3
0.7
0.7
Secondary+____________
Occupation
14.3
0.5
14.3
1.4
1.4
1.7
Cultivator
16.2
16.2
0.0
7.5
0.0
0.0
Agricultural labourer
11.2
11.0
3.7
2.0
1.7
3.5
Non-agricultural labourer
13.3
13.4
0.6
1.1
1.1
0.9
Business
1.0
12.0
2.9
12.0
1.0
0.6
Salaried employment
0.0
22.2
22.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
Housework
0.4
0.6
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.2
Student_______________
Religion
1.4
1.2
10.6
10.7
0.9
1.2
Hindu
1.2
15.3
1.4
5.5
15.1
5.1
Muslim
1.0
0.0
2.3
2.3
0.0
0.0
Jain
0.0
21.7
21.7
9.1
0.0
0.0
Other_________________
Caste/Tribe
7.2
0.4
0.5
7.0
1.3
0.7
Scheduled Caste
0.7
10.8
0.7
10.8
0.4
0.7
Scheduled Tribe
11.4
1.6
11.5
1.7
1.0
1.7
Other________________
Household SLI
10.4
2.3
10.3
2.1
1.0
2.3
Low
12.2
12.3
1.1
1.2
1.9
0.9
Medium
0.7
10.4
1.2
10.3
1.5
0.7
High_________________
Travel due to work
15.4
2.2
15.3
2.3
2.3
1.3
Yes
6.2
0.4
6.1
0.6
0.8
0.7
No__________________
1.5
10.9
1.5
11.0
0.9
1.5
Total_________________
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
461
446
340
308
342
239
267
1442
14
947
418
155
331
181
1317
473
92
505
525
359
5
438
1964
312
110
17
249
171
1983
642
779
976
1121
1282
2403
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 TF: Percent TOTAL FEMALES who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected
background characteristics
Had sex
Had sex
Had sex
with a non with more with more
regular
than 1
than 1
Ever had
partner
partner
partner
sex with
during last during last 3 during last more than 1
12 months
months
12 months
partner
Ever paid/
received
money for
sex
Any of the
risk
behavior
Number
0.5
0.1
1.0
0.6
1331.0
1188.0
0.0
15-19
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.4
20-24
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.0
25-29
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.6
30-34
2.6
2.4
2.8
3.0
2.4
3.0
0.0
35-39
0.0
0.0
0.7
0.0
0.7
40-44
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.0
1.4
0.0
0.0
45-49_________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Marital status
0.5
Currently married
0.5
0.5
0.9
0.5
0.9
Marriage dissolved
0.3
0.0
0.0
2.2
0.4
2.5
0.0
Never married__________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Literacy and education
0.8
Illiterate
0.8
0.9
1.6
0.8
1.6
Primary
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.9
0.9
1.8
Middle
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.0
Secondary
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Secondary+____________
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.3
0.0
0.3
Occupation
Cultivator
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.2
0.0
1.2
Agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
0.5
2.1
0.0
2.1
0.2
Non-agricultural labourer
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
Business
0.0
0.0
1.4
0.0
1.4
0.6
Salaried employment
0.6
1.6
2.2
0.6
2.2
0.6
Housework
0.6
0.6
0.9
0.6
1.0
0.0
Student_______________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Religion
Hindu
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.0
0.5
1.0
Muslim
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Jain
0.0
0.0
1.0
1.9
0.0
1.9
Other_________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
3.7
Scheduled Tribe
3.7
3.9
5.1
3.7
5.1
Other_________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.5
Household SLI
Low
1.1
1.0
1.0
1.6
1.1
1.7
Medium
0.1
0.1
0.2
1.1
0.1
1.1
High_________________
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Travel due to work
Yes
2.2
2.2
2.2
2.7
2.4
2.9
No___________________
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.6
0.0
0.6
Total_________________
0.4
0.4
0.4
0.9
0.4
0.9
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
426
403
427
348
415
253
247
Characteristic___________
Place of residence
Rural
Urban
0.4
0.2
0.4
0.1
0.5
0.2
1.0
0.6
1853
202
464
883
100
432
178
923
119
79
250
125
109
1589
235
2055
336
110
18
232
188
2099
720
802
994
296
2223
2519
Belgaum District
Table 2.22 T: Percent TOTAL respondents who have reported specific sexual behaviours, according to selected background
characteristics
Had sex | Had sex
Had sex
with
more
with
more
with a non
Ever paid/
than
1
Ever had
regular
than 1
received
Any of the
partner
sex with
partner
partner
money
for
risk
during last during last 3 during last more than 1
behavior
Number
partner
sex
12 months
12 months
months
Characteristic___________
Place of residence
6.4
2555
1.0
6.3
0.9
0.7
Rural
1.0
4.4
2367
4.2
1.0
0.8
0.7
0.5
Urban
1.6
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.9
0.9
15-19
3.0
2.8
0.5
0.5
0.8
1.0
20-24
5.4
0.5
0.2
5.3
0.4
0.2
25-29
10.2
2.4
10.2
2.0
1.9
2.2
30-34
8.6
0.6
8.6
1.9
0.5
0.3
35-39
7.3
1.4
0.5
7.3
0.6
0.7
40-44
7.7
1.4
7.7
0.6
1.4
0.8
45-49_________________
Marital status
7.8
7.8
1.2
0.8
1.0
0.9
Currently married
0.4
4.0
3.6
0.0
0.3
0.5
Marriage dissolved
1.2
1.3
1.1
0.3
1.2
0.2
Never married__________
Literacy and education
5.5
5.5
1.3
1.0
1.1
1.0
Illiterate
12.5
12.3
1.9
2.1
2.3
2.3
Primary
4.5
4.4
0.7
0.4
0.5
0.5
Middle
6.2
6.2
0.3
0.2
2.7
3.2
Secondary
5.7
5.6
0.7
0.2
0.5
0.5
Secondary+___________
Occupation
11.0
0.4
11.0
1.0
1.1
1.3
Cultivator
9.1
9.1
3.7
0.0
0.3
0.0
Agricultural labourer
7.0
6.8
1.2
1.0
2.3
2.2
Non-agricultural labourer
11.3
11.3
0.9
0.5
0.9
0.8
Business
9.9
2.4
1.1
9.9
0.9
0.6
Salaried employment
1.0
1.0
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
Housework
0.4
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.0
0.1
Student_______________
Religion
5.7
0.9
5.8
0.7
0.8
0.8
Hindu
0.6
7.6
7.7
2.7
0.7
2.6
Muslim
2.1
2.1
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
Jain
9.3
0.0
9.3
3.9
0.0
0.0
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
0.8
4.0
0.4
3.9
0.3
0.5
Scheduled Caste
7.7
2.4
7.7
2.2
2.5
2.4
Scheduled Tribe
5.9
0.8
5.9
0.5
0.9
0.9
Other________________
Household SL1
5.8
1.6
5.7
1.0
1.6
1.7
Low
1.0
6.7
0.7
6.7
0.6
0.5
Medium
0.4
5.2
5.3
0.6
0.8
0.3
High_________________
Travel due to work
12.4
1.6
2.2
12.3
2.3
2.3
Yes
2.6
2.5
0.2
0.3
0.2
0.3
No__________________
0.9
5.9
______
I 0.6
5.8
0.9
0.9
Total
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
887
849
767
656
757
492
514
3295
216
1411
1301
255
763
359
2240
592
171
755
650
468
1594
673
4019
648
220
35
481
359
4082
1362
1581
1970
1417
3505
4922
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 RM: Percent distribution of RURAL MALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Neither heard
nor seen
Total percent
Characteristic
Seen
Heard but
not seen
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+___________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other_______________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_______________
Household SLI
73.4
76.6
84.2
75.6
79.9
57.7
53.7
17.2
14.6
8.9
9.6
4.6
18.8
14.2
9.4
8.8
7.0
14.8
15.6
23.5
32.1
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
240
215
170
157
179
120
143
71.0
87.2
76.0
11.3
4.6
15.1
17.7
8.2
9.0
100
100
100
779
9
436
50.2
74.3
73.2
62.6
85.8
17.3
10.3
12.9
26.2
8.2
32.4
15.4
13.9
11.2
6.0
100
100
100
100
100
262
102
171
82
607
70.2
59.9
68.5
75.5
87.4
51.5
79.2
10.7
24.2
13.7
11.8
11.8
48.5
11.5
19.1
15.9
17.7
12.8
0.8
0.0
9.3
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
418
81
239
147
128
4
204
72.3
73.2
72.4
100.0
12.6
17.6
11.3
0.0
15.1
9.3
16.3
0.0
100
100
100
100
1059
85
70
10
66.6
69.7
74.0
15.1
11.3
12.4
18.3
19.1
13.6
100
100
100
138
82
1004
Low
Medium
High________
68.7
72.4
78.8
14.1
13.7
9.6
17.2
13.9
11.6
100
100
100
401
441
377
Travel due to work
Yes
76.8
12.6
10.6
100
No____________
67.9
12.6
19.5
100
Total___________
72.9
12.6
14.5
100
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
Number
636
588
1224
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 RF: Percent distribution of RURAL FEMALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Characteristic
Seen
not seen
nor seen
Total percent Number
15-19
14.2
32.1
53.7
100
219
20-24
24.8
22.1
100
53.1
192
25-29
22.4
49.0
100
28.6
225
30-34
27.4
100
15.7
56.9
186
100
22.8
35-39
57.5
221
19.7
40-44
11.4
61.8
26.9
100
153
15.7
11.3
73.1
135
45-49________________
100
Marital status
22.2
20.7
57.1
1008
100
Currently married
19.2
Marriage dissolved
13.7
67.2
130
100
17.5
33.9
100
Never married_________
193
48.6
Literacy and education
10.0
16.6
618
73.4
100
Illiterate
20.4
Primary
21.6
58.0
61
100
24.7
Middle
27.2
48.1
100
238
Secondary
29.1
26.5
44.4
87
100
Secondary+___________
40.6
28.4
31.0
325
100
Occupation
8.5
13.3
78.3
100
Cultivator
98
11.9
19.0
69.1
100
Agricultural labourer
65
22.1
187
100
Non-agricultural labourer
17.9
59.9
28.9
35.2
36.0
38
100
Business
Salaried employment
59.8
29.6
10.6
100
26
24.1
Housework
21.5
54.5
100
820
19.4
37.8
Student______________
42.8
100
88
Religion
20.2
100
Hindu
58.3
1139
21.5
25.8
100
54.2
Muslim
20.0
98
19.4
44.5
100
Jain
36.1
79
35.0
30.0
35.0
15
100
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
16.4
20.0
100
128
63.5
Scheduled Caste
15.6
68.4
101
100
Scheduled Tribe
15.9
22.4
Other_______________
22.8
54.9
100
1102
Household SL1
19.4
60.4
20.2
Low
462
100
19.8
63.4
477
100
Medium
16.8
29.2
44.1
390
100
High________________
26.7
Travel due to work
26.6
28.2
45.2
100
202
Yes
20.1
59.5
No_________________
100
1129
20,5
21.2
56.9
100
21.9
Total________________
1331
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 R: Percent distribution of RURAL respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom, according
to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Characteristic
Seen
not seen
nor seen
Total percent Number
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+___________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other________________
Household SLI
Low
Medium
High________________
Travel due to work
Yes
No__________________
Total
46.1
52.5
54.1
49.0
49.5
32.7
35.2
24.1
18.1
16.2
13.0
12.7
23.2
12.8
29.9
29.4
29.7
38.0
37.9
44.1
52.0
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
459
407
395
343
400
273
278
44.0
23.6
59.1
16.5
13.1
20.5
39.5
63.3
20.4
100
100
100
1787
139
629
22.4
58.1
47.2
47.3
71.1
16.8
13.4
19.6
26.3
15.6
60.8
28.6
33.3
26.4
13.3
100
100
100
100
100
880
163
409
169
932
55.2
35.9
46.7
67.6
82.4
24.2
61.5
11.3
21.6
17.4
15.7
15.0
21.5
19.3
33.5
42.5
36.0
16.7
2.5
54.3
19.2
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
516
146
426
185
154
824
292
45.9
47.7
53.7
61.8
17.1
21.5
15.5
17.7
37.0
30.8
30.9
20.6
100
100
100
100
2198
183
149
25
44.4
38.9
47.7
17.3
13.8
17.7
38.4
47.4
34.6
100
100
100
266
183
2106
42.2
44.5
54.5
17.4
16.7
18.0
40.4
38.8
27.5
100
100
100
863
918
767
64.2
36.5
46.6
16.5
17,8
17.3
19.3
45.8
36.1
100
100
100
838
1717
2555
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 RM: Percent distribution of RURAL MALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
r
Heard but Neither heard
nor seen
Total percent Number
Seen
not seen
Characteristic
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+___________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other_______________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_______________
Household SL1
Low
Medium
High________
73.4
76.6
84.2
75.6
79.9
57.7
53.7
17.2
14.6
8.9
9.6
4.6
18.8
14.2
9.4
8.8
7.0
14.8
15.6
23.5
32.1
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
240
215
170
157
179
120
143
71.0
87.2
76.0
11.3
4.6
15.1
17.7
8.2
9.0
100
100
100
779
9
436
50.2
74.3
73.2
62.6
85.8
17.3
10.3
12.9
26.2
8.2
32.4
15.4
13.9
11.2
6.0
100
100
100
100
100
262
102
171
82
607
70.2
59.9
68.5
75.5
87.4
51.5
79.2
10.7
24.2
13.7
11.8
11.8
48.5
11.5
19.1
15.9
17.7
12.8
0.8
0.0
9.3
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
418
81
239
147
128
4
204
72.3
73.2
72.4
100.0
12.6
17.6
11.3
0.0
15.1
9.3
16.3
0.0
100
100
100
100
1059
85
70
10
66.6
69.7
74.0
15.1
11.3
12.4
18.3
19.1
13.6
100
100
100
138
82
1004
68.7
72.4
78.8
14.1
13.7
9.6
17.2
13.9
11.6
100
100
100
401
441
377
Travel due to work
Yes
76.8
12.6
10.6
100
No____________
67.9
12.6
19.5
100
Total__________
72.9
14.5
12.6
100
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on occupation and standard of living index.
636
588
1224
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 RF: Percent distribution of RURAL FEMALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but
not seen
Neither heard
nor seen
Total percent
Characteristic__________
Seen
Number
/Ige
15-19
14.2
32.1
100
53.7
219
20-24
24.8
22.1
53.1
192
100
28.6
25-29
22.4
49.0
100
225
30-34
27.4
15.7
56.9
100
186
35-39
22.8
19.7
57.5
100
221
40-44
11.4
26.9
61.8
100
153
45-49________________
15.7
11.3
73.1
100
135
Marital status
Currently married
22.2
20.7
57.1
100
1008
Marriage dissolved
19.2
13.7
67.2
100
130
Never married_________
17.5
33.9
48.6
100
193
Literacy and education
Illiterate
10.0
16.6
73.4
618
100
Primary
21.6
20.4
58.0
100
61
24.7
Middle
27.2
48.1
100
238
Secondary
29.1
44.4
26.5
87
100
Secondary-!-_________ _
31.0
40.6
28.4
325
100
Occupation
Cultivator
8.5
13.3
78.3
100
98
Agricultural labourer
11.9
69.1
19.0
65
100
Non-agricultural labourer
17.9
22.1
59.9
100
187
Business
28.9
35.2
36.0
100
38
Salaried employment
59.8
29.6
10.6
100
26
Housework
24.1
21.5
54.5
100
820
19.4
Student______________
37.8
42.8
88
100
Religion
Hindu
20.2
21.5
58.3
100
1139
Muslim
20.0
25.8
54.2
100
98
Jain
36.1
19.4
44.5
100
79
Other_______________
35.0
30.0
35.0
100
15
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
16.4
20.0
63.5
100
128
Scheduled Tribe
15.9
68.4
15.6
100
101
Other_______________
22.4
54.9
22.8
100
1102
Household SLI
Low
19.4
20.2
60.4
100
462
Medium
63.4
16.8
19.8
100
477
High________________
29.2
26.7
44.1
100
390
Travel due to work
Yes
26.6
28.2
45.2
100
202
No_________________
20.1
59.5
100
20.5
1129
Total________________
21.2
21.9
56.9
100
1331
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 R: Percent distribution of RURAL respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom, according
to selected background characteristics
Condom
Characteristic
Seen
Heard but
not seen
Neither heard
Total percent
nor seen
Number
459
100
24.1
29.9
46.1
15-19
100
407
29.4
52.5
18.1
20-24
100
395
29.7
54.1
16.2
25-29
100
38.0
343
49.0
13.0
30-34
100
400
37.9
49.5
12.7
35-39
23.2
44.1
100
273
40-44
32.7
100
278
12.8
52.0
35.2
45-49________________
Marital status
39.5
100
1787
44.0
16.5
Currently married
100
139
23.6
13.1
63.3
Marriage dissolved
20.5
20.4
100
629
Never married_________
59.1
Literacy and education
22.4
16.8
60.8
100
880
Illiterate
13.4
28.6
100
163
Primary
58.1
100
409
Middle
47.2
19.6
33.3
100
26.4
Secondary
26.3
169
47.3
Secondary+___________
71.1
15.6
13.3
100
932
Occupation
Cultivator
55.2
11.3
33.5
100
516
100
Agricultural labourer
21.6
146
35.9
42.5
100
17.4
36.0
426
46.7
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
67.6
15.7
16.7
100
185
Salaried employment
82.4
15.0
2.5
100
154
Housework
24.2
21.5
100
824
54.3
Student______________
61.5
19.3
19.2
100
292
Religion
Hindu
45.9
17.1
37.0
100
2198
30.8
100
Muslim
47.7
21.5
183
53.7
100
30.9
Jain
15.5
149
61.8
17.7
20.6
100
Other_______________
25
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
44.4
17.3
38.4
100
266
47.4
100
Scheduled Tribe
13.8
183
38.9
47.7
100
Other_______________
17.7
34.6
2106
Household SLI
40.4
17.4
100
42.2
Low
863
38.8
100
918
Medium
44.5
16.7
18.0
27.5
767
100
54.5
High________________
Travel due to work
64.2
19.3
100
838
Yes
16.5
36.5
45.8
1717
17.8
100
No_________________
Total________________
46.6
36.1
100
2555
17.3
Note: Total include persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 UM: Percent distribution of URBAN MALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Characteristic
Seen
not seen
nor seen
Total percent Number
15-19
65.9
22.2
12.0
100
221
20-24
85.4
8.7
5.8
100
231
25-29
89.2
3.3
7.4
100
170
30-34
91.6
5.7
2.8
100
151
35-39
80.4
5.4
100
14.2
163
40-44
75.1
11.2
13.8
100
119
45-49_____________
66.0
19.9
14.1
100
124
Marital status
Currently married
80.8
9.4
9.9
100
663
Marriage dissolved
68.0
14.5
17.5
100
5
Never married_________
77.4
13.4
9.3
100
511
Literacy and education
Illiterate
57.5
17.9
24.6
100
156
Primary
68.2
16.8
15.0
100
53
Middle
77.9
10.9
11.3
100
160
Secondary
69.9
100
13.1
17.0
99
Secondary+___________
86.4
9.0
4.6
100
710
Occupation
Cultivator
73.1
8.2
18.7
100
55
Agricultural labourer
55.1
35.3
9.6
100
11
Non-agricultural labourer
71.4
13.4
15.3
100
266
Business
82.0
9.0
9.0
100
378
Salaried employment
92.5
4.6
2.9
100
231
Housework
100.0
0.0
0.0
100
1
Student______________
72.9
17.7
9.4
100
234
Religion
Hindu
79.0
10.3
10.8
100
905
Muslim
15.5
78.5
6.0
100
227
Jain
89.6
5.4
5.0
100
40
Other________________
80.7
19.3
0.0
100
7
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
78.8
13.8
7.3
100
111
Scheduled Tribe
70.3
14.6
15.1
100
89
Other________________
80.2
10.5
9.4
100
979
Household SLI
Low
72.1
14.1
13.9
100
241
Medium
76.3
13.1
100
10.6
338
High________________
83.4
9.0
7.6
100
599
Travel due to work
Yes
85.1
8.5
6.5
100
485
No__________________
75.3
12.9
11.8
100
694
Total________________
79.2
11.1
9.7
100
1179
Note: Total include persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 UF: Percent distribution of URBAN FEMALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
nor seen
Total percent Number
Seen
not seen
Characteristic
207
35.7
54.8
100
15-19
9.5
34.1
36.9
100
211
20-24
29.0
25.4
28.7
202
45.9
100
25-29
30-34
51.0
23.6
25.5
162
100
34.2
40.7
194
25.2
35-39
100
40-44
37.7
36.4
100
25.9
100
45-49________________
28.7
15.8
55.6
112
100
Marital status
Currently married
40.8
24.7
34.5
100
845
Marriage dissolved
13.9
60.8
25.4
100
72
Never married_________
13.3
49.4
37.2
271
100
Literacy and education
Illiterate
13.2
64.1
22.7
100
265
Primary
25.7
25.4
48.9
100
39
Middle
25.0
24.5
50.5
194
100
Secondary
31.5
42.2
26.3
100
91
Secondary-!-___________
44.8
31.1
24.1
100
598
Occupation
Cultivator
15.6
52.8
31.6
100
21
Agricultural labourer
14.0
16.5
69.5
14
100
16.4
Non-agricultural labourer
15.6
68.0
100
63
Business
42.7
17.7
39.6
100
87
Salaried employment
54.2
26.4
19.4
100
83
Housework
35.4
27.1
37.5
100
769
Student______________
16.1
37.9
46.1
100
147
Religion
Hindu
35.0
28.7
36.3
100
916
Muslim
20.9
24.0
55.1
100
238
Jain
58.6
22.5
19.0
100
31
Other________________
100.0
0.0
0.0
100
3
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
24.6
48.1
27.3
100
104
Scheduled Tribe
21.8
18.3
59.9
100
87
Other________________
35.0
28.5
36.5
100
997
Household SLI
Low
24.3
13.1
62.6
100
258
Medium
29.5
24.9
45.6
100
325
High________________
42.2
30.1
27.8
100
604
Travel due to work
Yes
50.0
18.8
31.3
100
94
No__________________
31.4
27.2
41.4
100
1094
Total________________
33.0
39.5
27.6
100
1188
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 U: Percent distribution of URBAN respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom, according
to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Characteristic
Seen
not seen
nor seen
Total percent Number
15-19
38.7
28.7
32.6
100
428
20-24
58.9
20.7
100
20.4
442
25-29
65.4
15.5
19.2
100
372
30-34
70.6
14.9
14.5
100
313
35-39
55.2
16.2
28.6
357
100
40-44
17.8
58.2
24.0
100
219
45-49________________
48.3
18.0
33.8
236
100
Marital status
Currently married
58.4
23.7
100
1508
18.0
Marriage dissolved
17.5
24.6
57.8
100
77
55.4
21.6
Never married_________
782
100
23.0
Literacy and education
Illiterate
29.7
49.4
100
421
20.9
Primary
50.8
100
28.9
20.3
92
Middle
49.4
354
18.2
32.4
100
Secondary
50.4
100
19.8
190
29.8
Secondary+___________
67.4
1308
100
19.1
13.5
Occupation
22.5
Cultivator
56.0
21.5
100
76
Agricultural labourer
29.6
23.6
100
25
46.9
Non-agricultural labourer
60.4
100
329
25.8
13.8
75.1
14.4
100
465
Business
10.5
314
100
Salaried employment
82.8
10.1
7.1
100
Housework
35.5
27.0
37.5
770
51.2
25.4
23.4
381
100
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
1821
100
56.9
19.5
23.6
48.8
Muslim
465
100
19.9
31.3
76.4
11.0
Jain
12.7
100
71
86.2
Other_______________
13.8
0.0
100
10
Caste/Tribe
100
Scheduled Caste
52.7
27.0
215
20.3
Scheduled Tribe
46.1
100
176
16.5
37.5
Other_______________
100
57.4
19.6
23.0
1976
Household SLI
Low
41.9
100
499
19.3
38.9
27.5
Medium
53.7
100
663
18.8
100
High________________
19.7
17.8
1203
62.5
Travel due to work
78.9
Yes
12.5
8.6
100
579
No_________________
48.7
21,6
29.7
1788
100
19.4
2367
100
Total________________
56.1
24.6
Note: Total includes persons with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 TM: Percent distribution of TOTAL MALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
nor seen
Total percent Number
Seen
not seen
Characteristic__________
Place of residence
100
1224
12.6
14.5
72.9
Rural
100
1179
79.2
11.1
9.7
Urban_______________
A^e
18.4
10.0
100
461
71.6
15-19
100
446
20-24
79.0
13.0
8.0
100
340
85.4
7.5
7.1
25-29
11.8
308
100
30-34
8.6
79.6
342
80.0
4.8
100
15.3
35-39
40-44
100
239
62.0
16.9
21.1
100
267
45-49________________
56.6
15.5
27.9
Marital status
Currently married
73.2
16.0
100
10.9
1442
Marriage dissolved
100
14
9.8
83.9
6.3
Never married_________
76.4
14.6
9.1
100
947
Literacy and education
Illiterate
17.4
31.2
100
51.4
418
Primary
15.4
73.5
100
155
11.2
Middle
74.4
12.4
13.3
100
331
Secondary
64.4
23.0
12.6
100
181
Secondary+___________
86.0
8.5
5.6
1317
100
Occupation
Cultivator
100
70.3
10.6
19.1
473
Agricultural labourer
59.7
24.7
15.6
100
92
Non-agricultural labourer
69.3
13.6
17.1
100
505
Business
10.5
78.5
100
525
11.1
Salaried employment
89.5
8.9
1.6
100
359
Housework
0.0
55.5
44.5
100
5
Student______________
13.4
77.3
9.3
438
100
Religion
Hindu
73.8
12.1
14.1
100
1964
Muslim
16.5
7.6
100
75.9
312
Jain
10.0
14.0
76.0
100
110
Other_______________
98.2
1.8
0.0
100
17
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
69.2
14.8
16.0
100
249
Scheduled Tribe
69.8
18.0
12.2
100
171
Other_______________
75.6
100
11.9
12.5
1983
Household SLI
Low
69.2
14.1
16.7
642
100
Medium
73.3
13.6
13.2
100
779
High________________
80.4
9.4
10.2
100
976
Travel due to work
Yes
78.4
11.8
9.8
100
1121
No__________________
70.2
12.7
17.1
1282
100
Total________________
74.4
12.3
13.3
100
2403
Note: Total include 1,6 and 6 cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living
index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 TF: Percent distribution of TOTAL FEMALE respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom,
according to selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Characteristic__________
Seen
not seen
nor seen
Total percent Number
Place ofresidence
Rural
21.2
21.9
56.9
100
1331
Urban________________
33.0
27.6
39.5
100
1188
A^e
15-19
13.0
33.0
54.0
100
426
20-24
25.9
25.4
48.7
100
403
25-29
33.0
23.2
43.9
100
427
30-34
32.7
17.5
49.8
100
348
35-39
25.6
21.0
53.4
100
415
40-44
16.3
26.7
100
57.0
253
45-49________________
18.6
12.3
100
69.1
247
Marital status
Currently married
26.4
21.6
51.9
100
1853
Marriage dissolved
18.3
15.7
66.1
100
202
Never married_________
16.1
35.0
48.9
464
100
Literacy and education
Illiterate
10.4
17.3
72.3
883
100
Primary
22.5
21.4
56.2
100
100
Middle
48.6
100
26.7
24.7
432
Secondary
26.4
100
43.8
29.8
178
Secondary+___________
42.4
31.0
26.6
100
923
Occupation
Cultivator
8.8
15.2
76.0
100
119
Agricultural labourer
12.1
18.8
100
69.1
79
Non-agricultural labourer
17.8
21.4
60.8
100
250
Business
35.3
27.0
100
37.6
125
Salaried employment
56.9
15.1
100
28.0
109
Housework
27.1
100
22.9
50.0
1589
Student______________
18.1
44.1
37.8
100
235
Religion
Hindu
23.5
100
23.1
53.5
2055
Muslim
20.5
100
24.9
54.7
336
Jain
39.6
100
19.9
40.5
110
Other________________
34.0
36.8
100
29.2
18
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
18.4
100
232
21.7
59.9
Scheduled Tribe
17.2
16.2
100
66.5
188
Other________________
25.4
24.2
50.4
100
2099
Household SLI
Low
18.4
60.8
20.8
100
720
Medium
19.3
20.8
59.9
100
802
High________________
34.0
27.9
38.1
100
994
Travel due to work
Yes
29.6
100
28.6
41.8
296
No__________________
22.3
54.7
2223
23.0
100
Total________________
24.1
52.7
100
23.3
2519
Note: Total include 3, 13 and 3 cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of
Belgaum District
Table 2.23 T: Percent distribution of TOTAL respondents by whether seen or heard of a condom, according to
selected background characteristics
Condom
Heard but Neither heard
Total percent Number
nor seen
Seen
not seen
Characteristic________________
Place ofresidence
100
2555
36.1
46.6
17.3
Rural
2367
100
19.4
24.6
56.1
Urban
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49______________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_______________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+_________________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student____________________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other______________________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_____________________
Household SLJ
Low
Medium
High______________________
Travel due to work
Yes
No________________________
Total______________________
44.3
54.3
56.9
54.1
50.8
38.2
38.3
25.2
18.8
16.0
13.4
13.5
22.0
14.0
30.5
27.0
27.1
32.4
35.7
39.8
47.8
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
887
849
767
656
757
492
514
47.3
22.6
58.0
16.9
15.0
20.8
35.9
62.4
21.2
100
100
100
3295
216
1411
23.4
56.9
47.7
48.1
69.8
17.4
14.5
19.3
24.6
16.8
59.3
28.6
33.0
27.3
13.4
100
100
100
100
100
1301
255
763
359
2240
55.2
35.6
49.5
71.0
82.6
27.2
58.1
11.7
21.7
16.7
13.4
12.9
23.0
21.3
33.1
42.8
33.9
15.7
4.5
49.8
20.6
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
592
171
755
650
468
1594
673
48.3
48.3
57.8
63.1
17.7
20.7
15.0
17.5
34.0
31.0
27.3
19.5
100
100
100
100
4019
648
220
35
46.2
40.7
50.1
17.9
14.4
18.1
35.9
44.9
31.8
100
100
100
481
359
4082
42.2
46.4
57.4
17.7
17.2
18.6
40.2
36.5
24.0
100
100
100
1362
1581
1970
66.8
39.9
48.9
15.8
18.8
17.8
17.4
41.3
33.3
100
100
100
1417
3505
4922
Note: Total include 4, 19 and 9 cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of
1
living index.
Belgaum District
Table 2.28 R: Percent RURAL respondents who are aware of the symptoms of STI among men and women, by
sex of the respondent
Yes
Symptoms of STI_________________________
Male
Discharge from penis
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
Swelling in the groin
Painful swelling of the genitals/scrotum
Burning pain while passing urine
Other
No symptoms
Don’t know_____________________________
Number________________________________
Female
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
Vaginal discharge
Painful swelling of the groin/vagina
Burning pain on urination
Pain when having sex
Chronic pain in the lower abdomen
Other
No symptoms
Don’t know_____________________________
Number
Spontaneous
After Probe
No
Don't know
8.3
7.0
4.4
3.6
6.3
31.6
32.8
26.4
28.5
31.8
23.0
22.3
27.5
25.8
23.0
37.1
37.9
41.7
42.2
38.9
10.9
0.4
6.6
28.2
27.4
1224
6.17
24.49
3.79
10.44
3.2
1.83
3.95
0.05
10.91
41.5
50.3
40.5
49.7
34.7
37.1
27.8
10.4
28.6
18.8
34.5
33.8
■■HMI
24.5
14.6
27.0
21.1
27.6
27.3
1331
Table 2.28 U: Percent URBAN respondents who are aware of the symptoms of STI among men and women, by
sex of the respondent
Yes
No
Don't know
Spontaneous After Probe
Symptoms of STI_________________________
Male
15.2
40.3
27.8
16.8
Discharge from penis
27.4
18.7
40.9
13.1
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
25.5
43.7
5.8
25.1
Swelling in the groin
42.8
24.1
28.9
4.3
Painful swelling of the genitals/scrotum
40.2
7.4
28.1
Burning pain while passing urine
24'4
10.2
Other
L
y.l
37.3
56.8
0.3
5.7
No symptoms
34.3
Don’t know_____________________________
1179
Number________________________________
Female
38.2
27.9
27.3
6.6
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
10.2
7.4
61.2
21.2
Vaginal discharge
33.4
27.0
6.4
33.2
Painful swelling of the groin/vagina
20.5
17.3
52.1
10.1
Burning pain on urination
35.5
27.5
34.7
2.3
Pain when having sex
27.4
35.6
35.8
1.3
Chronic pain in the lower abdomen
5.3
Other
54.1
37.0
0.5
No symptoms
8.6
Don’t know____________________________
Number
uwa
Belgaum District
Table 2.28 T: Percent TOTAL respondents who are aware of the symptoms of STI among men and women, by
sex of the respondent
Yes
Symptoms of STI_________________________
Spontaneous After Probe
No
Don’t know
Male
Discharge from penis
10.4
30.7
21.1
37.9
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
8.5
31.5
21.4
38.6
Swelling in the groin
4.7
26.1
27.0
42.2
Painful swelling of the genitals/scrotum
3.8
27.4
26.5
42.3
30.9
Burning pain while passing urine
6.6
23.3
39.2
!
Other
10.8
No symptoms
0.4
6.4
30.5
62.8
Don’t know_____________________________
29.1
Number________________________________
2403
Female
Sores/ulcers/ blisters on or around the sex organ
6.3
40.7
27.8
25.2
Vaginal discharge
23.7
52.9
9.7
13.6
Painful swelling of the groin/vagina
4.4
38.7
29.8
27.0
Burning pain on urination
10.3
50.3
19.2
20.2
Pain when having sex
3.0
34.7
34.8
27.5
Chronic pain in the lower abdomen
1.7
36.7
34.3
27.3
Other
4.3
No symptoms
6.0
0.2
35.6
58.2
Don’t know____________________________
10.4
I
Number
2519
■1
Belgaum District
Table 2.29 R: Percent RURAL respondents who ever had selected symptoms of STI or had selected symptoms of STI during
the year preceding the survey, according to selected background characteristics___________ _________________________
Total
________ Male
Female
Last 1
|__________ Last 1
Last 1
Characteristic
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
6.8
9.7
1.2
219
8.4
4.2
7.3
240
15-19
4.4
2.9
1.9
215
16.7
7.3
192
9.3
20-24
7.0
2.9
170
19.0
6.1
225
13.5
4.6
25-29
2.7
157
5.1
24.2
5.7
186
15.6
4.3
30-34
2.0
2.6
7.4
1.8
221
0.9
12.1
179
35-39
4.4
6.1
0.0
120
17.2
153
12.1
2.4
40-44
135
2.0
8.5
1.9
14.5
2.7
143
1.9
45-49________________
Marital status
1.7
17.7
4.4
1008
11.7
3.2
4.3
779
Currently married
0.0
0.0
9
19.4
7.8
130
18.1
7.3
Marriage dissolved
4.8
3.6
5.8
436
5.2
193
5.6
0.5
Never married_________
Literacy and education
2.0
4.4
262
22.2
6.2
618
16.7
4.9
Illiterate
8.4
4.3
102
13.6
1.6
61
3.5
10.0
Primary
10.2
11.4
5.2
171
3.1
238
4.0
10.9
Middle
0.6
0.6
82
12.0
1.9
87
5.9
1.2
Secondary
Secondary+___________
3.4
2.5
607
7.2
1.5
325
4.6
2.2
Occupation
5.2
98
3.4
Cultivator
418
25.9
8.0
10.3
4.5
1.8
0.9
81
17.4
4.0
Agricultural labourer
65
9.6
2.5
6.6
3.2
26.5
7.4
5.0
Non-agricultural labourer
239
187
15.2
3.2
0.8
Business
147
19.9
7.0
38
6.0
1.9
3.0
128
1.0
2.2
0.0
2.8
Salaried employment
26
0.8
0.0
0.0
4
Housework
12.9
3.0
820
12.9
3.0
5.0
204
Student______________
4.3
3.1
0.5
88
4.4
3.2
Religion
2.4
4.3
1059
15.9
Hindu
4.3
1139
10.2
3.4
6.7
4.9
Muslim
85
15.1
6.6
98
10.7
5.7
5.5
3.9
70
12.6
3.2
Jain
2.6
79
9.1
20.0
10.0
10
28.0
Other________________
0.0
15
24.7
4.1
Caste/Tribe
5.8
3.6
138
12.2
Scheduled Caste
3.7
128
8.6
3.6
7.4
0.7
82
19.3
101
Scheduled Tribe
6.5
14.2
4.0
4.4
2.9
10.4
1004
16.1
4.0
1102
3.4
Other_______________
Household SLI
3.7
5.9
5.0
12.9
Low
401
19.0
462
4.4
1.8
441
5.0
14.7
5.2
477
9.9
Medium
3.5
3.6
3.2
377
13.6
2.1
390
High___________
8.5
2.7
Travel due to work
5.4
2.5
636
19.6
202
5.5
9.0
3.3
Yes
3.2
4.0
No____________
15.3
3.9
11.4
588
1129
3.7
4.8
2.8
1224
Total___________
16.1
1331
4.2
10.5
3.5
Note: Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Number
459
407
395
343
400
273
278
1787
139
629
880
163
409
169
932
516
146
426
185
154
824
292
2198
183
149
25
266
183
2106
863
918
767
838
1717
2555
Belgaum District
Table 2.29 U: Percent URBAN respondents who ever had selected symptoms of STI or had selected symptoms of STI
during the year preceding the survey, according to selected background characteristics_________________________
Total
________ Male
Female
"1 Last 1
Last 1
Last 1
Characteristic
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
0.2
0.0
221
5.4
1.7
207
2.7
0.8
15-19
2.9
2.0
231
9.7
1.1
211
6.1
1.6
20-24
4.5
1.1
170
10.0
3.1
202
7.5
2.2
25-29
1.0
7.5
2.0
2.9
151
11.7
2.9
162
30-34
194
2.7
163
10.8
3.8
7.1
2.5
1.0
35-39
2.8
1.1
5.4
0.0
4.0
119
100
0.6
40-44
0.0
0.0
112
124
5.6
4.0
0.0
4.9
45-49________________
Marital status
3.2
9.4
2.2
845
6.7
1.4
0.4
Currently married
663
0.0
72
3.3
0.0
5
3.5
11.9
12.8
Marriage dissolved
2.5
1.6
511
1.3
271
3.3
1.5
4.8
Never married_________
Literacy and education
2.2
0.4
156
12.8
4.8
265
8.9
3.2
Illiterate
0.0
3.5
53
0.0
0.0
39
2.1
0.0
Primary
194
9.4
2.4
2.8
1.6
160
15.1
3.1
Middle
0.0
0.0
3.5
0.0
99
8.9
91
6.3
Secondary
1.0
710
5.1
0.9
598
3.9
Secondary+___________
2.9
1.1
Occupation
21
2.1
4.8
1.2
55
8.5
4.3
5.9
Cultivator
14
7.8
0.0
7.6
7.6
4.7
8.0
11
Agricultural labourer
1.7
0.5
266
16.5
6.8
63
4.7
1.8
Non-agricultural labourer
18.2
2.0
87
6.9
1.3
4.5
1.1
378
Business
3.5
1.1
5.6
0.0
83
0.8
2.8
231
Salaried employment
8.1
1.9
769
8.1
1.9
0.0
0.0
1
Housework
0.8
234
3.4
0.7
147
2.1
1.3
0.9
Student______________
Religion
0.8
7.8
1.7
916
5.3
1.3
2.8
905
Hindu
7.4
2.1
1.0
3.2
238
3.2
227
11.3
Muslim
5.2
31
3.2
2.2
0.0
0.0
40
7.5
Jain
20.9
0.0
3
9.2
12.9
7
41.0
12.9
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
2.1
104
5.0
1.5
0.8
111
5.1
4.8
Scheduled Caste
6.2
9.4
2.5
87
1.9
3.0
1.3
89
Scheduled Tribe
1.4
5.8
8.8
2.0
997
2.6
0.9
979
Other_______________
Household SLI
7.6
3.2
258
3.4
1.8
241
11.6
4.6
Low
1.4
2.0
9.0
325
5.6
0.8
338
2.5
Medium
1.1
604
5.1
0.9
0.7
7.2
2.9
599
High________________
Travel due to work
2.6
0.6
7.6
1.2
94
0.4
485
1.5
Yes
694
1094
6.7
1.8
3.8
8.7
2.1
1.3
No_________________
1.5
2.0
1188
5.7
2.9
0.9
1179
8.6
Total________________
Note: Total include cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Number
428
442
372
313
357
219
236
1508
77
782
421
92
354
190
1308
76
25
329
465
314
770
381
1821
465
71
10
215
176
1976
499
663
1203
579
1788
2367
Belgaum District
Table 2.29 T: Percent TOTAL respondents who ever had selected symptoms of STI or had selected symptoms of STI during
the year preceding the survey, according to selected background characteristics___________
Total
Female
________ Male
Last
1
Last
1
Last 1
Characteristic_______
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
Number
Ever
year
Place ofresidence
4.2
1331
10.5
3.5
Rural
4.8
2.8
1224
16.1
2.0
1188
5.7
1.5
2.9
0.9
Urban________________
1179
8.6
Age
7.0
3.4
5.6
5.2
461
8.6
1.3
426
15-19
2.0
403
8.4
3.7
20-24
2.9
446
14.8
5.6
6.4
427
12.0
2.4
340
16.7
5.3
4.0
25-29
308
4.5
21.4
348
3.8
13.7
30-34
2.3
5.1
2.2
342
415
7.3
2.0
0.9
11.8
2.9
35-39
10.4
2.0
239
15.0
5.3
0.3
3.6
253
40-44
3.4
247
7.6
1.5
1.5
267
12.1
1.5
45-49________________
Marital status
1853
10.5
2.8
4.0
1.4
1442
15.8
3.9
Currently married
0.0
0.0
14
202
17.1
6.6
18.3
7.1
Marriage dissolved
464
3.9
4.9
947
5.1
0.8
4.9
2.9
Never married_________
Literacy and education
4.0
883
Illiterate
1.8
418
21.0
15.7
4.7
6.1
Primary
7.7
3.7
155
10.8
1.3
100
8.8
2.9
8.4
432
Middle
4.3
331
12.3
3.1
10.6
3.7
1.3
1.4
178
0.9
Secondary
0.5
181
11.2
6.0
Secondary+___________
3.2
2.1
4.4
1317
6.3
923
1.8
1.2
Occupation
5.2
Cultivator
3.3
473
25.0
7.8
119
10.1
4.4
2.1
0.9
Agricultural labourer
92
16.7
4.3
79
9.5
2.6
5.3
7.4
Non-agricultural labourer
2.5
505
25.4
250
4.4
13.1
3.8
Business
1.0
525
4.7
125
6.4
19.1
1.6
2.9
1.1
Salaried employment
359
4.0
0.0
109
3.1
0.8
0.0
Housework
0.0
2.7
5
11.6
1589
11.6
2.7
3.9
Student______________
3.3
2.4
438
3.2
0.6
235
3.7
Religion
4.0
Hindu
2.1
1964
14.1
3.7
2055
9.1
2.9
4.9
Muslim
2.9
312
4.8
336
9.0
13.1
3.9
Jain
4.3
3.1
110
11.8
3.0
110
8.1
3.0
Other________________
19.4
10.3
17
28.3
0.0
18
24.5
4.4
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
5.6
3.0
232
249
10.5
3.3
7.8
3.2
Scheduled Tribe
6.2
0.8
171
17.1
5.6
188
12.2
3.5
Other________________
4.0
2.4
14.4
1983
3.5
2099
9.3
3.0
Household SLI
Low
5.5
3.4
642
17.9
4.9
720
12.1
4.2
Medium
4.5
4.6
1.5
779
802
9.0
13.6
3.0
3.4
High________________
2.3
976
11.3
1.7
994
7.3
2.0
Travel due to work
Yes
4.7
2.1
1121
18.0
296
7.9
4.9
2.8
2.6
No__________________
3.9
1282
13.6
3.5
2223
10.1
3.1
Total________________
4.3
2.3
2403
14.3
3.7
2519
9.4
3.0
Note: Total include cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living index.
Number
2555
2367
887
849
767
656
757
492
514
3295
216
1411
1301
255
763
359
2240
592
171
755
650
468
1594
673
4019
648
220
35
481
359
4082
1362
1581
1970
1417
3505
4922
Belgaum District
Table 2.30: Percent distribution of respondents who reported any symptoms of STI during the year preceding the survey by
source of treatment, according to place of residence and sex__________________________________________________
Urban
Total
Rural
Female
Total
Female
Total
Total
Male
Male
Male
Female
Source of treatment
30.4
23.7
18.4
21.0
20.0
8.7
19.5
19.5
19.4
Govt, clinic / hospital
35.8
37.6
37.0
51.2
46.0
48.0
49.5
47.3
Pvt. clinic/doctor
52.9
0.0
1.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.0
0.0
1.3
Pharmacy
3.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Home Remedy
0.0
1.6
1.4
10.6
0.0
3.3
4.2
0.0
PSI (KEY) Clinic
3.5
7.0
4.3
0.0
5.3
3.6
0.0
7.3
4.4
Other
0
32.0
36.0
41.0
30.5
34.5
34.3
45.0
30.3
40.5
No treatment
0.0
0.0
0.6
0.4
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.7
Don't Know
0.0
Total percent
Number
100.0
29
100.0
47
100.0
76
100.0
12
100.0
24
100.0
36
100.0
41
100.0
71
100.0
112
STI symptoms for females are: Vaginal discharge, lower abdominal pain without diarrhoea and not during a period, and
genital ulcer/sore
STI symptoms for males are: Urethral discharge, and genital ulcer/sore
Percent may add more than 100.0 due to multiple responses.
Belgaum District
Table 3.1 R: Among the RURAL respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested HIV
positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics_________________________________
______ Male
_____ Female
Total_____
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Number
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
Level of significance ofX2
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student
Level of significance ofX2
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Household SLI
Low
Medium
High
Level of significance ofX2
Total
0.16
0.33
0.00
3.04
4.98
1.17
1.48
232
207
163
149
169
114
135
0.00
1.12
3.01
4.18
3.05
0.55
0.53
Pr<.01
2.18
0.00
0.25
209
183
216
181
208
143
125
Pr<.01
742
8
419
Pr<05
Pr<.01
963
120
182
0.99
11.87
0.00
441
390
379
330
377
257
260
0.09
0.70
1.62
3.68
3.96
0.85
1.02
I. 53
II. 20
0.18
Pr<01
1705
128
601
Pr<.01
1.99
585
1.20
57
0.67
227
2.13
83
2.76
311
Not significant
2.21
2.36
1.63
0.95
1.19
0.80
395
2.31
76
3.53
233
1.26
139
1.89
120
0.00
4
0.00
199
Not significant
0.53
5.14
3.11
5.20
3.82
1.57
0.00
0.73
3.66
3.35
1.95
2.27
1.56
0.00
Pr<.05
Pr<05
1.57
1008
0.00
83
2.63
68
0.00
10
Not significant
1.79
1080
0.00
96
3.65
74
6.99
15
Not significant
1.68
2088
0.00
179
3.15
142
4.11
25
Not significant
1.93
130
0.90
80
1.47
959
Not significant
0.37
118
4.26
91
1.83
1056
Not significant
1.24
248
2.69
171
1.65
2015
Not significant
382
1.53
2.00
428
355
0.86
Not significant
1.48 I 1169
3.21
1.89
0.35
439
452
372
2.43
1.95
0.61
821
880
727
1.90
Pr<.01
|
1265
1.69
Pr< 01
|
2434
2.68
2.85
2.87
0.00
0.45
248
95
161
79
586
Pr<.01
89
59
180
38
25
781
84
833
152
388
162
897
Pr<.05
484
135
413
177
145
785
283
Belgaum District
Table 3.1 R (Contd.): Among the RURAL respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested
HIV positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics________________________________
Total______
_____ Female
______ Male
Number
Percent
Number
Characteristic___________________ Percent
Number
Percent
Travel due to work
Yes
1.35
608
0.83
191
1.23
799
2.13
1074
1.96
1635
No
1.65
561
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever done blood transfusion
2.47
48
3.20
61
Yes
5.59
13
1.44
1156
1.88
1217
1.66
2373
No
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
1264
1152
No
1.41
1.91
1.66
2416
0.00
Yes
5.79
17
1
4.46
18
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
1.55
2305
1.29
1049
1.78
1256
No
2.84
13.78
8
3.68
128
Yes
120
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX________
Ever paid/received money for sex
1.64
1.40
1153
1.86
1262
2415
No
2
7.44
18
Yes
7.03
16
8.47
Not significant
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had any risk behaviour1
No
1.29
1048
1.73
1255
1.53
2303
9
4.01
130
Yes
2.83
121
17.56
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Pr<01
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
2204
1.46
1118
1.82
1086
1.63
No
2.30
179
2.22
230
Yes
1.97
51
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX________
Whether circumcised
0.00
Yes
95
1074
No
1.61
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
____—
| 2434
1.48
|
1169
1.69
Total
1.90 I 1265
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
paid/received money for sex
Total includes cases with missing information on occupation, education, standard of living, ever had sex with
more than one partner, ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
I
Pr<.01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below .05 level
<
•
-
■
Belgaum District
Table 3.1U: Among the URBAN respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested HIV
positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics_______________________________
______ Male
_____ Female
____ Total
Characteristic___________
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
zlge
15-19
0.00
206
0.00
184
0.00
390
20-24
0.00
188
218
0.00
0.00
406
25-29
1.79
160
1.36
178
1.56
338
30-34
1.18
138
1.74
143
1.47
281
35-39
0.85
144
0.72
0.77
173
317
40-44
0.71
109
0.00
93
0.38
202
45-49
0.97
111
0.00
99
0.51
210
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Marital status
Currently married
1.14
604
0.38
756
0.71
1360
Marriage dissolved
0.00
5
5.01
65
4.63
70
Never married
0.13
477
0.00
237
714
0.09
Not significant
Pr<01
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Pr<.01
Literacy and education
Illiterate
1.32
140
1.37
241
1.35
381
Primary
2.88
51
0.00
1.73
35
86
Middle
2.21
152
1.61
184
1.89
336
Secondary
0.00
95
0.00
80
0.00
175
Secondary+
0.12
647
0.00
517
0.06
1164
Pr<.05
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Pr<01
Occupation
Cultivator
0.00
54
0.00
20
0.00
74
Agricultural labourer
0.00
11
0.00
14
0.00
25
Non-agricultural labourer
0.85
239
1.52
57
0.99
296
Business
1.15
351
0.00
82
0.94
433
Salaried employment
0.73
211
1.71
71
0.96
282
Housework
0.00
1
0.60
684
0.60
685
Student
0.00
216
0.00
126
0.00
342
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Not significant
Religion
Hindu
0.64
841
0.74
824
0.69
1665
Muslim
0.68
205
203
0.00
0.34
408
Jain
2.09
33
0.00
29
1.14
62
Other
0.00
7
0.00
2
0.00
9
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Not significant
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
0.88
104
2.26
97
1.54
201
Scheduled Tribe
0.00
84
78
1.34
0.65
162
Other
0.74
898
0.33
883
1781
0.53
Not significant
Pr<.05
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Household SLI
Low
0.58
229
0.98
243
0.79
472
Medium
1.35
290
309
0.57
0.98
599
High
0.35
548
0.43
525
0.39
1073
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
0.69
|
Total
1086
| 2144
0.58 7 1058
0.63
Belgaum District
,
Table 3.1U (Contd.): Among the URBAN respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested
HIV positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics_________________________________
_____ Female
Total_______
______ Male
Number
Percent
Number
Characteristic__________________
Percent
Number
Percent
Travel due to work
82
0.66
531
449
0.00
Yes
0.79
976
0.63
1613
0.61
637
0.63
No
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever done blood transfusion
42
0.00
55
0.00
13
0.00
Yes
2089
1073
0.61
1016
0.65
No
0.69
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
1056
0.64
1073
0.58
2129
No
0.69
0.00
13
0.00
2
15
0.00
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
0.62
999
0.59
0.60
2047
1048
No
1.29
0.00
1.40
87
8
95
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX________
Ever paid/received moneyfor sex
1064
0.64
2119
0.70
0.58
1055
No
0.00
22
1
23
0.00
0.00
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had any risk behaviour'
2044
996
1048
0.61
0.62
0.59
No
0.00
90
8
1.26
98
1.36
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX_________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
0.64
950
0.68
1049
1999
0.71
No
108
0.00
145
0.00
0.00
37
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Whether circumcised
207
0.67
Yes
879
0.69
No
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
_____ ___ ______ _________
0.58
|
1058 ~
0.63
|
2144
0.69
|
1086
Total_________________________
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
Total includes cases with missing information on occupation, education, ever had sex with more than one partner,
ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
Pr<.01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below .05 level
Belgaum District
Table 3.IT: Among the TOTAL respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested HIV
positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics_________________________________
______Male
_____ Female
Total_______
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
0.12
438
0.00
393
0.07
831
20-24
0.24
425
0.82
371
0.51
796
25-29
0.45
323
2.60
394
1.60
717
30-34
2.58
287
3.65
324
611
3.16
35-39
4.03
313
2.49
3.21
694
381
40-44
1.05
223
0.74
0.43
236
459
45-49
1.37
224
246
0.41
0.90
470
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX^
Marital status
Currently married
1.95
1346
0.85
1.34
1719
3065
Marriage dissolved
0.00
13
10.71
185
10.07
198
Never married
0.22
896
0.00
419
0.15
1315
Pr<05
Pr<01
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Literacy and education
Illiterate
2.47
388
1.92
826
2.09
1214
Primary
2.85
146
0.95
92
2.25
238
Middle
2.71
313
724
0.89
411
1.69
Secondary
0.00
174
1.53
337
163
0.70
Secondary+
0.35
1233
1.60
828
0.80
2061
Pr<.01
Not significant
Pr<.01
Level of significance ofX2
Occupation
Cultivator
0.76
449
0.50
109
0.70
558
Agricultural labourer
2.20
4.70
87
73
3.42
160
Non-agricultural labourer
2.86
2.94
472
237
2.89
709
Business
1.21
490
2.79
120
1.49
610
Salaried employment
1.38
331
2.79
96
1.68
427
Housework
0.00
5
1.31
1465
1.31
1470
Student
0.00
415
0.00
210
0.00
625
Not significant
Pr<05
Pr<01
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Religion
Hindu
1.36
1849
1.56
1904
1.46
3753
Muslim
0.33
288
0.00
299
0.17
587
Jain
2.53
101
3.05
103
2.79
204
Other
0.00
17
17
3.88
34
6.83
Not significant
Pr<.05
Pr<.05
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
1.71
234
0.82
215
1.31
449
Scheduled Tribe
0.66
164
3.56
169
2.17
333
Other
1.29
1857
1.47
1939
1.38
3796
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Household SLI
Low
1.37
611
682
2.87
2.17
1293
Medium
1.87
737
1.62
742
1479
1.75
High
0.68
903
897
0.38
0.53
1800
Pr<.05
Pr<.01
Pr<01
Level ofsignificance ofX2
1.58
|
1.43
|
Total
1.28 ] 2255
2323
4578
Note: Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation and standard of living.
Belgaum District
Table 3.IT (Contd.): Among the TOTAL respondents who have given any biological sample, percentage tested
HIV positive, according to sex and selected background characteristics________________________________
_____ Female
Total_______
______ Male
Characteristic__________________
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Travel due to work
1330
1.24
1057
0.72
273
1.13
Yes
1.74
2050
1.59
3248
1198
No
1.33
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2_________
Ever received blood transfusion
90
2.31
116
Yes
4.10
26
1.77
1.58
2233
1.41
4462
1.26
2229
No
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2_________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
2320
1.41
2225
1.59
4545
No
1.23
0.00
4.77
30
3
3.73
33
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level of significance ofX2_________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
2304
1.32
No
1.12
2048
I. 49
4352
II. 34
16
3.26
Yes
2.58
207
223
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
Level ofsignificance ofX_________
Ever paid/received money for sex
1.39
4534
No
1.23
1.56
2317
2217
41
38
8.08
3
5.40
Yes
4.66
Not significant
Pr<.01
Pr<.05
Level of significance ofX2_________
Ever had any risk behaviour1
No
Yes
Level ofsignificance ofX2_________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
No
Yes
Level ofsignificance ofX2_________
Whether circumcised
Yes
No
Level ofsignificance ofX2_________
Total
[
2044
211
1.12
2.56
14.57
2167
88
Not significant
0.29
1.40
4347
228
1.30
3.51
Pr<.01
Pr<.01
1.27
1.64
2303
17
1.46
Pr<.01
1.52
2036
287
1.95
Not significant
1.39
L58
1.43
4203
1.88
375
Not significant
302
1953
Not significant
L28
2255
2323
4578
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
paid/received money for sex
Total includes cases with missing information on occupation, education, standard of living, ever had sex with
more than one partner, ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
Pr< 01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below ,05 level
Belgaum District
Table 3.2 R: Among the RURAL respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active syphilis,
according to sex and selected background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
Total_____
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other
Level of significance ofX2
Total
0.00
208
0.00
180
0.00
155
0.00
136
0.00
157
0.40
103
0.84
118
Not significant
0.00
0.00
0.51
0.20
671
0.00
6
0.00
380
Not significant
0.95
2.00
0.00
0.24
222
0.41
84
0.00
143
0.00
67
0.08
541
Not significant
1.66
0.00
0.10
365
1.02
66
0.18
204
0.00
129
0.00
110
0.00
4
0.00
176
Not significant
5.31
1.66
0.60
0.00
6.44
0.10
1.03
979
0.00
89
0.00
73
0.00
13
Not significant
0.57
0.55
0.87
106
83
965
0.27
1.18
0.48
207
157
1847
0.91
Pr<.05
|
1154
0.52
Pr< 01
| 2211
912
0.63
71
0.00
65
0.00
9
Not significant
0.00
0.70
0.09
101
74
882
0.59
0.00
1.79
5.41
Not significant
|
10~57
878
107
169
0.00
0.00
0.27
3.05
Pr<05
Not significant
75
55
163
35
23
716
78
0.12
0.00
1.91
0.00
749
138
357
141
825
1.22
0'28
0.21
0.00
0.05
Not significant
440
121
367
164
133
720
254
1.24
1.35
0.35
0.00
1.09
0.12
0.00
Pr<05
1.66
1549
113
549
0.61
Pr<.01
527
54
214
74
284
0.37
0.00
0.00
402
342
360
297
342
238
230
0.33
0.00
1.13
Pr<.01
Not significant
0.13
194
162
205
161
185
135
112
Pr<05
1891
0.32
160
0.00
138
0.00
22
Not significant
Belgaum District
Table 3.2 R (Contd.): Among the RURAL respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active
syphilis, according to sex and selected background characteristics
______ Total
_____ Female
______ Male
Percent
Number
Number
Characteristic__________________
Percent
Number
Percent
Household SLI
0.64
727
0.84
392
0.41
335
Low
416
0.86
807
1.80
0.00
391
Medium
671
344
0.00
327
0.00
0.00
High
Pr<.05
Not significant
Pr<.05
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Travel due to work
718
169
0.10
0.00
0.13
549
Yes
1493
985
0.76
1.09
508
0.12
No
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
0.52
2193
1040
0.91
1153
0.13
No
0.00
18
0.00
17
0.00
1
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
0.54
2091
1145
946
0.92
0.10
No
119
0.26
111
0.00
8
0.28
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever paid/received money for sex
0.52
2192
1151
1041
0.91
0.13
No
0.00
18
2
16
0.00
0.00
Yes
Not
significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had any risk behaviour1
0.54
2089
1144
0.92
0.10
945
No
121
0.26
0.00
9
112
0.28
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
1991
981
0.28
0.44
1010
0.13
No
220
173
2.35
3.01
0.00
47
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Whether circumcised
84
0.49
Yes
0.10
973
No
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2_______
0.52
| 2211 ~
0.13
|
1057
Total________________________
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
paid/received money for sex
Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation, standard of living, ever had sex with
more than one partner, ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
Pr<.01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below .05 level
Belgaum District
Table 3.2U: Among the URBAN respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active syphilis,
according to sex and selected background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
Total_____
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Total
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
173
184
142
124
130
93
96
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
1.24
149
157
155
122
141
0.56
77
0.00
87
Not significant
0.00
322
0.00
341
0.00
297
0.00
246
0.64
271
0.25
170
0.00
183
Not significant
540
5
397
0.33
638
0.00
57
0.00
193
Not significant
0.18
1178
0.00
62
0.00
590
Not significant
113
44
136
78
570
0.21
0.00
206
32
0.83
162
0.00
65
0.10
422
Not significant
0.13
319
0.00
76
0.44
298
0.00
143
0.04
992
Not significant
46
9
217
302
187
1
178
0.00
18
0.00
10
0.84
50
0.00
70
0.00
58
0.29
575
0.00
103
Not significant
0.00
64
0.00
19
0.16
267
0.00
372
0.00
245
0.29
576
0.00
281
Not significant
733
173
29
7
0.31
0.00
0.00
0.00
686
175
26
1
Not significant
0.15
1419
0.00
348
0.00
55
0.00
8
Not significant
91
73
778
0.00
76
0.00
64
0.29
748
Not significant
0.24 I
888
0.00
0.00
0.14
N.E.
0.00
0.00
0.00
N.E.
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N.E.
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N.E.
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
N.E.
0.00
0.00
0.00
N.E.
0.00
"T 942
167
137
1526
Not significant
I
1830
0.12
Belgaum District
Table 3.2U (Contd.): Among the URBAN respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active
syphilis, according to sex and selected background characteristics
Total_______
_____ Female
______ Male
Number
Number
Number
Percent
Percent
Characteristic__________________
Percent
Household SLI
212
0.23
408
196
0.45
Low
0.00
248
0.00
527
279
0.00
Medium
0.00
0.14
895
428
467
0.28
0.00
High_________________________
Not significant
Not significant
N.E.
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Travel due to work
60
0.00
452
392
0.00
Yes
0.00
1378
550
0.26
828
0.15
0.00
No
Not significant
Not significant
N.E.
Level of significance ofX2________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
0.12
1815
0.24
886
0.00
929
No
15
2
0.00
0.00
0.00
13
Yes
Not
significant
Not significant
N.E.
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
878
0.10
1743
865
0.19
0.00
No
8
0.50
85
6.08
77
0.00
Yes
Pr<.01
Pr<.05
N.E.
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever paid/received money for sex
0.12
1805
0.24
885
0.00
920
No
0.00
23
0.00
1
0.00
22
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
N.E.
Level of significance ofX2________
Ever had any risk behaviour1
0.10
1740
0.19
878
862
0.00
No
88
8
0.48
80
6.08
0.00
Yes
Pr<.01
Pr<.05
N.E.
Level of significance ofX2________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
1696
0.27
789
0.13
907
0.00
No
134
99
0.00
0.00
0.00
35
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
N.E.
Level of significance ofX2________
Whether circumcised
0.00
862
Yes
0.00
80
No
N.E.
___
____________________
Level of significance ofX2________
0.12
1830
024
888
0.00
942
Total
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
paid/received money for sex
Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation, ever had sex with more than one partner,
ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
Pr<.01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below .05 level
Belgaum District
Table 3.2T: Among the TOTAL respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active syphilis,
according to sex and selected background characteristics
______ Male
_____ Female
Total_____
Characteristic
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49
Level of significance ofX2
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+
Level of significance ofX2
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Jain
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other
Level ofsignificance ofX2
Total
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.30
0.64
381
364
297
260
287
196
214
0.00
343
0.00
319
0.39
360
0.46
283
0.29
326
1.53
212
4.08
199
Not significant
0.00
0.00
0.21
0.25
0.15
0.92
2.30
0.16
1211
0.00
11
0.00
777
Not significant
0.81
1.64
0.00
0.51
1.55
0.00
Pr<.05
Pr<.01
0.20
335
0.35
128
0.00
279
0.00
145
0.06
1111
Not significant
1.48
733
0.00
86
0.48
376
0.00
139
0.04
706
Not significant
1.08
1068
0.24
214
0.27
655
0.00
284
0.05
1817
Not significant
0.10
411
0.98
75
0.13
421
0.00
431
0.00
297
0.00
5
0.00
354
Not significant
4.99
1.55
0.63
0.00
3.11
0.16
0.00
93
65
213
105
81
1291
181
Not significant
1.19
504
1.28
140
0.31
634
0.00
536
0.59
378
0.16
1296
0.00
535
Not significant
0.08
1645
0.32
244
0.00
94
0.00
16
Not significant
0.88
1665
0.00
264
0.00
99
0.00
14
Not significant
0.47
3310
0.16
508
0.00
193
0.00
30
Not significant
0.00
192
0.51
147
0.07
1660
Not significant
0.10
I
1999
0.43
1.26
0.73
0.20
374
0.88
294
0.40
3373
Not significant
0.42
|
4041
Pr<.05
1516
164
362
182
147
1713
Not significant
0.75
| 2042
724
683
657
543
613
408
413
Pr<.05
2727
175
1139
Belgaum District
Table 3.2 T (Contd.): Among the TOTAL respondents who have given blood sample, percentage tested for active
syphilis, according to sex and selected background characteristics
Total______
_____ Female
______ Male
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Characteristic__________________
Percent
Household SLI
604
0.57
1135
0.77
0.34
531
Low
1334
0.68
664
670
1.44
0.00
Medium
0.05
1566
772
794
0.10
0.00
High_________________________
Pr<.01
Pr<.05
Pr<.05
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Travel due to work
0.08
1170
941
0.00
229
0.10
Yes
2871
1058
0.87
1813
0.59
0.09
No
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Sex with a non-regular partner in
last 1 year
0.42
4008
0.75
2039
0.10
1969
No
0.00
33
0.00
3
0.00
30
Yes
Not significant
Not significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had sex with more than one
partner
3834
0.74
2023
0.43
1811
0.08
No
204
16
0.30
188
1.10
0.23
Yes
Not significant
Pr<.01
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever paid/received moneyfor sex
2036
0.42
3997
1961
0.75
0.10
No
41
0.00
3
0.00
38
0.00
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had any risk behaviour1
3829
0.74
2022
0.43
0.08
1807
No
17
0.30
209
192
1.06
0.23
Yes
Not
significant
Pr<.01
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
Ever had symptoms ofSTI
0.24
3687
0.40
1770
0.10
1917
No
354
2.54
272
1.97
82
0.00
Yes
Not
significant
Not
significant
Not
significant
Level ofsignificance ofX________
Whether circumcised
0.27
258
Yes
1741
0.08
No
Not significant
Level ofsignificance ofX2________
0.10
|
0.75
| 2042
4041
0.42
1999
Total_________________________
1 Either had sex with a non-regular partner in the last 1 year, or ever had sex with more than one partner, or ever
paid/received money for sex
Total includes cases with missing information on education, occupation, standard of living, ever had sex with
more than one partner, ever paid/received money for sex and ever had any risk behaviour.
Pr< 01: Pearson Chi-square is significant below .01 level
Pr<.05: Person Chi-square is significant below .05 level
GPS Mysore
Mysore District
Table 2.1: Percentage distribution of respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS, according to selected
background characteristics
Total
Don't
know
percent
Number
No
Yes
Characteristic______
Place ofresidence
Rural
Urban________________
Sex
Male
Female_______________
Age
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49________________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married_________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary^___________
Occupation
Cultivator
Agricultural labourer
Non-agricultural labourer
Business
Salaried employment
Housework
Student______________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Other________________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other________________
Total
84.8
93.4
9.0
4.2
6.2
2.4
100
100
2467
2186
84.8
91.2
7.6
6.6
7.6
2.2
100
100
2083
2570
93.0
93.5
89.6
86.4
86.0
86.2
77.9
4.7
4.1
7.7
7.5
9.1
8.4
10.2
2.4
2.5
2.6
6.2
4.9
5.4
11.9
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
762
830
776
644
674
493
474
86.6
85.6
92.6
8.1
10J2
4.4
5.4
4.3
3.0
100
100
100
3031
206
1416
78.8
87.2
92.1
92.6
98.4
12J2
8.0
5.3
5.0
1.3
9.0
4.9
2.6
2.4
0.3
100
100
100
100
100
1728
217
607
531
1570
78.6.
85.3
78.7
91.1
97.7
81.4
96.2
14.6
12.5
17.3
5.8
1.3
15.9
3.0
6.4
2.2
3.9
3.1
1.0
2.7
0.7
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
592
171
755
650
468
1594
673
88.0
90.7
92.9
7.2
6.0
2.9
4.8
3.4
4.2
100
100
100
4134
478
40
84.0
86.6
90.4
88.3
7.8
9.3
6.0
7.1
8.2
4.2
3.6
4.7
100
100
100
100
805
1054
2792
4653
Mysore District
Table 2.2: Percentage of respondents who have ever heard AIDS according to source of information
Rural
Source of information
Male
Female
Total
Male
46.6
Radio
12.8
27.8
45.1
62.4
Television
44.6
52.5
80.7
Cinema
10.1
3.6
6.5
25.0
38.5
13.8
24.7
53.0
Newspapers/magazines
Posters/hoardings
29.7
11.7
19.7
36.8
2.2
0.9
0.6
0.7
Exhibition/mela
1.1
1.4
Adult education program
1.6
1.3
8.6
Health worker/ANM
18.9
9.5
13.6
NGO worker
4.6
1.8
3.1
2.9
0.2
Anganwadi worker
0.9
1.7
1.3
0.9
1.1
1.0
0.9
AIDS counselor
Friend/neighbor/colleague
69.2
93.6
82.8
65.9
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.5
Sexual partner
I. 0
0.9
2.2
1.6
Community meetings
II. 4
8.6
0.4
4.1
Workplace
6.8
15.8
19.1
12.3
Schools/teachers
0.0
0.2
0.2
Religious leaders
0.3
0.4
0.2
0.6
0.3
Political leaders
2.4
2.4
1.8
2.8
Other
0.2
0.0
0.1
0.1
Don’t know__________
927
1,191
2,118
876
Number______________
The percentages do not add to 100.0; multiple responses are coded.
Urban
Female
25.2
82.2
12.5
32.3
27.2
0.7
1.1
6.3
1.5
1.3
0.7
76.2
1.0
1.4
1.2
12.4
0.2
0.0
1.7
0.3
1184
Total
33.7
81.6
17.9
41.2
31.3
1.3
1.2
7.3
2.1
0.8
0.8
71.8
0.9
1.2
5.5
13.9
0.2
0.1
2.0
0.2
2,060
Male
46.0
70.1
16.3
44.5
32.7
1.4
1.2
14.6
3.9
0.6
0.9
67.8
0.7
0.9
9.8
17.7
0.1
0.4
2.1
0.1
1,803
Total
Female
18.2
60.9
7.5
21.8
18.4
0.6
1.4
8.1
1.7
1.5
0.9
86.0
0.7
1.8
0.7
9.2
0.3
0.1
2.3
0.2
2,375
Total
30.3
64.9
11.4
31.8
24.6
1.0
1.3
10.9
2.7
1.1
0.9
78.1
0.7
1.4
4.7
12.9
0.2
0.3
2.2
0.1
4,178
Maysore District
Table 7.4R: Percentage distribution of RURAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their
perception of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to sex____________
Female
Male
No
Don't Missing
No
Don't Missing _____ Yes
_____ Yes
know
Sponta- After
Modes of transmission of
know
Sponta- After
neous
probe
HIV/AIDS_____________
neous probe
0.0
10.4
33.7
1.6
54.3
0.2
10.8
0.9
45.3
43.1
Unprotected sexual contact
12.1
0.0
59.0
1.3
0.0
27.6
17.0
7.8
21.6
53.6
Blood transfusion
0.0
66.5
2.0
9.5
0.0
22.1
7.8
20.7
6.9
64.5
Mother to child
0.0
52.3
30.1
13.9
0.0
3.6
26.7
31.2
3.1
39.1
Mosquito bites
0.0
0.6
34.5
51.5
13.3
0.0
57.0
25.4
17.4
0.2
Shaking hands
0.0
14.3
0.8
34.6
50.3
0.0
25.3
0.0
21.4
53.3
Swimming or bathing
13.2
0.1
39.8
44.8
0.0
2.2
18.8
44.8
4.7
31.7
Sharing meals
0.2
61.4
7.6
14.0
0.0
17.1
12.0
49.8
8.0
30.1
Sharing shaving sets
0.0
43.5
46.0
2.0
8.5
11.2
0.0
6.7
32.4
49.8
Sharing needles/ syringes
39.8
18.6
0.0
0.8
40.8
30.0
0.0
35.4
31.6
3.0
Saliva
0.0
0.6
34.3
47.1
18.0
0.0
35.5
19.2
45.1
0.3
Tears
0.0
36.5
46.3
16.6
0.0
0.6
27.4
0.4
22.5
49.7
Touching/hugging
0.0
41.1
40.5
17.6
0.0
0.8
37.4
28.5
32.1
2.1
Kissing
0.0
46.1
gsasi
0.0
53.9
63.1
36.9
Other_________________
1191
927
[Number
Table 7.4U: Percentage distribution of URBAN respondents who have ever heard of HIV/A1DS according to their
perception of how HIV/A1DS is transmitted according to sex
Modes of transmission of
HIV/AIDS_____________
Unprotected sexual contact
Blood transfusion
Mother to child
Mosquito bites
Shaking hands
Swimming or bathing
Sharing meals
Sharing shaving sets
Sharing needles/ syringes
Saliva
Tears
Touching/hugging
Kissing
Other_________________
[Number
_____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous probe
35.2
58.7
46.4
41.2
10.6
60.3
1.8
33.1
9.4
0.1
0.3
13.3
1.2
17.5
36.0
49.4
48.0
44.3
2.0
25.8
0.2
11.2
12.4
0.7
20.4
1.2
34.5 ill
Male
No
1.2
4.3
14.9
49.0
77.2
72.7
69.0
9.2
4.1
52.2
66.4
72.2
62.0
65.5
876
,
Don't
know
Missing
5.0
8.1
14.3
16.0
13.3
13.7
12.3
5.4
3.6
20.1
22.2
14.7
16.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
.. :i
Yes
Sponta- After
neous
probe
17.3
45.3
44.2
44.6
24.7
62.2
1.9
31.9
18.1
1.1
18.8
0.7
21.7
2.1
20.8
56.3
59.8
31.0
1.5
24.0
18.2
0.2
0.4
18.8
0.6
23.7
I
Female
No
4.9
2.9
5.0
51.1
69.1
66.9
63.4
10.8
2.2
58.0
65.2
66.6
58.1
43.4
1184
Don't
know
Missing
32.5
8.3
8.2
15.1
11.7
13.6
12.9
12.1
7.0
16.4
16.4
14.2
17.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
Maysore District
Table 7.4T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of how HIV/AIDS is transmitted according to sex
Male
No
Yes
Modes of transmission of
HIV/AIDS_____________
Unprotected sexual contact
Blood transfusion
Mother to child
Mosquito bites
Shaking hands
Swimming or bathing
Sharing meals
Sharing shaving sets
Sharing needles/ syringes
Saliva
Tears
Touching/hugging
Kissing
Other_________________
[Number
opviiut"
neous
50.9
29.8
8.5
2.5
0.2
0.1
3.2
32.6
38.9
2.6
0.2
0.5
1.7
35.9
After
probe
39.8
50.6
62.7
36.6
14.1
18.0
25.7
49.7
47.5
31.4
15.8
18.3
27.2
1.0
6.4
10.8
38.7
65.5
61.4
54.9
8.5
5.6
40.2
54.0
59.1
47.7
64.1
1803
Don't
know
8.3
13.3
18.0
22.2
20.3
20.5
16.1
9.2
8.0
25.8
29.9
22.1
23.4
Missing _____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous
probe
13.4
0.1
38.7
0.0
34.8
52.7
0.0
23.2
64.6
0.0
2.9
43.5
27.4
0.0
0.8
27.7
0.0
0.7
0.0
2.1
32.0
0.0
18.7
59.2
0.0
50.6
39.5
0.0
1.1
33.5
0.0
0.4
27.3
0.0
28.8
0.5
0.0
0.7
33.5
0.0
55.1
Female
No
Don’t
know
3.1
2.0
3.3
39.2
59.2
57.5
52.9
9.0
2.1
47.7
55.0
55.1
48.1
44.9
2375
44.9
10.5
8.9
14.4
12.6
14.0
13.1
13.2
7.8
17.7
17.3
15.6
17.7
Missing
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Mysore District
Table 2.4: Among the respondents who have some knowledge about HIV/AIDS, the percentage who have specific
misconceptions about transmission of HIV/AIDS, according to selected background characteristics______
Number
Characteristics
Any one
Any two
Any three
More than three
misconception misconceptions
misconceptions
misconceptions
Sex
38.4
30.0
23.8
1803
Male
57.0
30.4
2375
57.4
33.1
37.5
Female__________
Place of residence
64.6
45.4
39.2
34.1
2118
Rural
2060
47.4
21.8
18.8
Urban
27.9
27.2
23.7
716
51.6
32.8
15-19
23.4
19.6
775
20-24
53.5
28.9
31.0
27.6
706
57.7
39.8
25-29
568
60.6
34.7
31.1
41.6
30-34
38.4
44.0
33.5
590
61.7
35-39
428
31.1
28.4
55.9
35.8
40-44
49.4
43.8
395
35.2
64.1
45-49_____________
Marital status
60.8
35.1
30.7
2671
Currently married
41.0
40.4
182
60.9
45.5
42.3
Marriage dissolved
30.2
23.2
19.0
1325
Never married______
49.0
Literacy and education
48.4
65.7
42.7
38.5
1381
Illiterate
43.4
67.2
45.9
189
Primary
53.1
38.9
32.3
563
29.3
60.7
Middle
28.4
498
23.2
56.6
Secondary
32.9
Secondary+________
45.0
18.2
13.6
1547
25.2
Religion
32.9
28.6
3706
Hindu
58.7
39.2
20.3
17.5
433
Muslim
44.5
26.0
13.4
28.7
13.4
6.7
38
Other____________
Caste/Tribe
63.5
44.4
39.0
33.5
696
Scheduled Caste
61.2
34.9
30.0
925
42.9
Scheduled Tribe
28.2
33.9
2555
24.7
Other____________
53.7
31.7
27.5
4178
37.9
57.3
Total_____________
The misconceptions are: Mosquito bites, Shaking hands, Swimming or bathing, Sharing meals, Saliva, Tears, Touching or hugging
and kissing
Mysore District
Table 7.5R: Percentage distribution of RURAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex
Modes of preventing
HIV/A1DS______________
Take medicine or herbal
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
Avoid sharing injection
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
Eat nutritious food
Have sex only with one
faithful partner
Other__________________
[Number
Yes
Sponta- After
neous _ probe
0.9
2.7
Male
No
Don’t
know
39.0
57.4
Missing _____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous =probe
0.0
0.9
15.6
Female
No
Don't
know
Missing
30.1
53.4
0.0
17.3
12.1
8.2
15.1
27.1
26.8
47.4
46.0
0.0
0.0
5.8
37.8
36.3
29.8
26.1
25.3
31.7
7.1
0.0
0.0
0.1
8.3
41.4
50.3
0.0
0.6
21.2
68.8
9.4
0.0
0.1
9.9
40.5
49.5
0.0
1.3
37.9
49.8
11.0
0.0
0.4
13.4
10.2
40.8
26.7
48.6
45.9
0.0
0.0
8.0
65.7
38.1
4.5
42.6
24.9
11.2
4.8
0.0
0.1
14.0
7.2
0.0
0.0
wMI 100.0
0.0
1191
=
927 .
Table 7.5U: Percentage distribution of URBAN respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their
perception of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex
Modes of preventing
HIV/AIDS______________
Take medicine or herbal
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
Avoid sharing injection
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
Eat nutritious food
Have sex only with one
faithful partner___________
[Number
_____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous _ probe
0.6
3.6
27.9
Male
No
Don't
know
Missing
43.4
52.1
0.3
_____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous
probe
0.9
15.5
Female
No
Don't
know
Missing
37.7
45.9
0.0
7.1
16.0
21.2
0.3
0.3
41.1
21.5
43.5
43.0
18.3
19.2
55.9
17.9
23.1
20.4
17.5
5.7
0.0
0.0
0.1
3.5
49.9
46.3
0.3
1.2
13.5
76.2
9.1
0.0
0.3
0.3
17.1
7.2
46.3
44.9
46.0
45.6
43.4
0.3
1.9
65.2
50.5
0.0
5.3
59.6
22.2
33.6
12.8
10.8
0.3
0.3
10.6
21.6
5.8
0.0
0.2
9.0
18.0
21.3
876
1184
Mysore District
Table 7.5T: Percentage distribution of TOTAL respondents who have ever heard of HIV/AIDS according to their perception
of ways of preventing HIV/AIDS according to sex
Modes of preventing
HIV/AIDS______________
Take medicine or herbal
mixture before sex
Always use condoms
Avoid sharing injection
needles
Don’t share clothes or eating
utensils
Avoid mosquito/insect bites
Eat nutritious food
Have sex only with one
faithful partner
Other__________________
[Number
Male
No
Don't
know
Missing _____ Yes
Sponta- After
neous
probe
0.1
0.9
15.6
Yes
Sponta- After
neous probe
0.8
3.1
40.9
55.2
15.0
7.8
15.5
24.6
24.6
45.8
44.8
0.1
0.1
11.2
45.7
0.1
6.2
45.0
48.6
0.1
0.2
0.3
15.0
8.8
9.7
15.7
42.9
42.5
24.5
48.0
47.3
44.8
21.7
4.2
rWll 95.8 IBM
2146
Female
No
Don't
know
Missing
33.4
50.1
0.0
38.4
24.7
24.8
23.2
25.6
6.5
0.0
0.0
0.8
17.9
72.0
9.3
0.0
0.1
1.6
31.0
56.5
10.9
0.1
0.1
6.8
63.1
36.2
8.1
46.1
10.9
5.2
0.0
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.0
23.5
100.0
2074
0.0
Mysore District
Table 2.9 R: Percentage of RURAL respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
Characteristic
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49_____________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married______
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary*________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Other_____________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_____________
Total
____ Male
Percent
Number
____ Female
Percent
Number
____ Total
Percent
Number
1.4
9.0
2.9
5.1
0.8
6.6
0.5
159
194
163
101
119
94
94
3.0
10.2
2.8
2.2
1.4
0.0
0.3
212
180
205
164
191
112
123
2.2
9.5
2.8
3.2
1.2
2.9
0.4
371
374
368
265
310
206
217
5.0
0.0
2.8
516
4
404
3.5
2.3
1.3
861
95
231
4.1
2.2
2.3
1377
99
635
6.0
0.0
2.2
2.7
3.9
324
59
107
126
308
1.7
2.6
3.7
3.8
7.1
596
55
153
156
227
3.2
1.5
3.1
3.3
5.0
920
114
260
282
535
4.0
3.8
0.0
900
22
2
3.1
4.1
Nil
1164
22
0
3.5
3.9
0.0
2064
44
2
8.2
5.5
1.4
4.0
185
243
496
924
1.4
1.7
4,6
3.1
274
296
615
1187
4.3
3.4
3.2
3.5
459
539
1111
2111
Mysore District
Table 2.9 U: Percentage of URBAN respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
____ Male
_____ Female
______ Total
Characteristic________
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Age
0.0
147
1.8
191
I. 0
338
15-19
0.4
20-24
193
9.2
205
5.1
398
14.8
213
II. 2
25-29
4.9
123
336
30-34
9.4
134
4.2
166
6.5
300
114
1.4
165
279
4.5
2.7
35-39
40-44
8.1
83
0.9
139
3.7
222
2.4
2.9
81
97
2.6
178
45-49_____________
Marital status
5.6
468
7.9
819
7.0
1287
Currently married
80
0.0
Marriage dissolved
3
2.0
1.9
83
1.8
404
0.6
277
1.3
681
Never married_______
Literacy and education
1.9
Illiterate
1.9
178
2.0
455
277
1.8
38
3.0
75
Primary
4.2
37
4.6
112
5.5
185
297
Middle
3.1
132
5.0
4.7
215
Secondary
4.2
83
544
8.9
7.0
1009
4.9
Secondary+________
465
Religion
918
4.2
712
5.8
5.1
1630
Hindu
385
4.1
Muslim
2.2
148
5.3
237
9.6
21
7.4
36
3.9
Other_____________
15
Caste/Tribe
234
104
4.6
130
4.7
Scheduled Caste
4.9
206
5.6
381
4.4
Scheduled Tribe
175
6.7
840
4.8
1436
3.6
596
5.7
Other_____________
5.8
1176
5.0
2051
3.9
Total
875
Mysore District
Table 2.9 T: Percentage of TOTAL respondents who have reported to have undergone an HIV test, according to
selected background characteristics
T ______ Total
_____ Female
______ Male
Number
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
Characteristic
Percent
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45-49_____________
Marital status
Currently married
Marriage dissolved
Never married______
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Other_____________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_____________
Total
177
175
2.5
9.7
8.2
3.1
1.4
0.5
1.0
403
385
418
330
356
251
220
1.7
7.6
6.2
4.8
1.8
3.3
1.2
709
772
704
565
589
428
395
5.3
0.0
2.4
984
7
808
5.3
2.2
0.9
1680
175
508
5.3
2.0
1.8
2664
182
1316
4.7
1.6
2.6
3.2
4.4
502
96
219
209
773
1.7
2.4
4.5
4.3
8.4
873
93
338
288
771
2.8
2.0
3.7
3.8
6.2
1375
189
557
497
1544
4.1
2.3
3.7
1612
170
17
4.1
9.6
2082
259
21
4.1
4.1
7.2
3694
429
38
7.3
5.1
2,4
4.0
289
2.1
3.5
5.2
4.2
404
502
1455
2363
4.4
4.2
4.0
4.1
693
920
0.9
5.6
3.6
7.4
2.5
7.3
1.4
306
387
286
235
233
418
1092
1799
5.3
2547
4162
Mysore District
Table 2.12R: Percent of never married RURAL respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
_____ Total
_____ Female
______Male
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Characteristic_______
Age
341
1.72
172
0
169
3.05
15-19
226
38
12.32
188
0
14.2
20-24
98
19
4.69
1.43
79
5.91
25-29
36
12.08
0
19
24.74
17
30-49_____________
Literacy and education
147
5.8
49
98
0.0
8.9
Illiterate
23
4.9
0.0
5
18
5.3
Primary
71
22
3.7
0.0
5.4
49
Middle
126
0.9
52
74
0.0
I. 6
Secondary
334
7.9
120
0.4
214
II. 2
Secondary*________
Religion
5.4
683
240
0.2
443
7.9
Hindu
18
8
36.7
10
0.0
60.9
Muslim___________
Caste/Tribe
183
4.7
73
0.0
110
6.7
Scheduled Caste
9.1
188
65
0.0
123
14.7
Scheduled Tribe
330
110
3.9
0.4
220
5.5
Other_____________
Travel due to work
11.2
217
0.0
19
198
12.1
Yes
484
3.0
229
0.2
255
5.3
No_______________
701
5.7
248
0.2
8.4
453
Total
_______
Table 2.12 U: Percent of never married URBAN respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
_____ Total
_____ Female
______Male
Number
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Percent
Characteristic_______
Age
2.14
335
175
0.34
4.02
160
15-19
259
75
5.92
184
0
8.28
20-24
78
18
10.19
60
0
13.36
25-29
13.05
43
18
16.4
9.63
25
30-49_____________
Literacy and education
13
9.2
71
8.6
58
10.9
Illiterate
6
0.0
15
9
0.0
0.0
Primary
32
6.8
75
0.0
11.5
43
Middle
3.2
74
0.0
27
47
4.9
Secondary
4.4
480
208
272
0.3
7.5
Secondary+________
Religion
221
5.6
578
8.4
357
1.1
Hindu
0.0
58
1.9
123
65
3.5
Muslim
3.9
14
0.0
7
8.8
7
Other_____________
Caste/Tribe
45
2.9
102
57
0.0
5.2
Scheduled Caste
48
8.5
137
1.3
12.3
89
Scheduled Tribe
193
4.3
476
283
1.0
6.6
Other_____________
Travel due to work
10.2
94
0.0
5
9.7
99
Yes
4.0
0.9
281
6.8
335
616
No_______________
0.9
286
4.9
715
7.7
429
Total
Mysore District
Table 2.12 T: Percent of never married TOTAL respondents who ever had sexual intercourse, by sex and other
background characteristics
Characteristic________
Place of residence
Rural
Urban
15-19
20-24
25-29
30-49_____________
Literacy and education
Illiterate
Primary
Middle
Secondary
Secondary+________
Religion
Hindu
Muslim
Other_____________
Caste/Tribe
Scheduled Caste
Scheduled Tribe
Other_____________
Travel due to work
Yes
No_______________
Total
____ Male
Percent
Number
____ Female
Number
Percent
____ Total
Number
Percent
8.4
7.7
453
429
0.16
0.85
248
286
5.68
4.92
701
715
3.43
11.61
8.82
20.2
329
372
139
42
0.16
0
0.94
5.08
347
113
37
37
1.9
9.21
6.77
12.6
676
485
176
79
8.8
4.2
7.6
2.8
9.5
156
27
92
121
486
2.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.3
62
11
54
79
328
6.8
3.4
4.9
1.7
6.1
218
38
146
200
814
8.1
8.1
8.8
800
75
7
0.6
0.0
0.0
461
66
7
5.4
4.5
3.9
1261
141
14
6.3
13.8
6.0
167
212
503
0.0
0.4
0.7
118
113
303
4.1
8.9
4.1
285
325
806
11.5
6.0
8.1
292
590
882
0.0
0.5
0.5
24
510
534
10.7
3.5
5.4
316
HOP
1416
Polling Booth Survey among General Population
Sample Coverage, PBS 2007-08
r BfiT®
1
■
^Distn^
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
I'umkur______
All District
selected
«
35
15
30
10
15
12
11
23
10
12
15
13
201
207
90
180
60
90
72
65
138
59
71
89
78
1199
Total/ or muiviauais
^.s parucipaici
participated id t
___ _
^1^24)
Total |mf(15^9)~ mf(30-49) |mm(15-29)| mtn(30|
mi
362
379
375
371
353
2216
165
161
155
I6l
170
977
326
336
327
345
327
2015
122
126
114
121
117
725
163
167
167
175
160
1015
133
133
126
136
126
791
123
127
123
123
122
744
271
277
262
260
252
1598
109
103
114
103
117
649
126
133
120
139
136
788
161
162
147
170
176
997
132
131
130
130
131
785
2235
2193
2149
2245
2187
13300
376
165
354
125
183
137
126
276
103
134
181
131
2291
cetc
/
1
b (cy *kc' ?(
1
>-
Table:! Knowledge of HIV transmission risk, correct use of condom & source of condom
y
Isagalkot
% of respondents who ever heard
about HIV/AIDS
'Rural
?
L: LL,
.
:BeUan
Bellary
Bijapur
■PP' ______ Davanagere
EJr
Unarwao
’
76.4
66.1
72.2
62.8
65.7
68.9
72.6
66.6
77.8
73.4
64.1
70.3
70.2
58.6
42.3
51.4
42.1
43.5
48.2
54.3
42.7
56.1
48.9
43.0
54.4
49.4
% of respondents who think that
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted by
mosquitoes
28.9
25.7
29.8
25.5
25.1
27.7
33.3
30.0
24.3
28.8
26.1
32.2
28.4
% of respondents who think that
HIV/AIDS can be transmitted
through sexual intercourse
60.7
51.6
56.6
48.7
49.8
57.9
61.3
49.4
59.0
53.8
48.7
58.5
54.9
% of respondents who think that
they can tell whether a person has
HIV by looking at the person
24.5
14.6
22.2
23.0
21.2
16.8
15.1
20.0
14.2
20.4
15.8
26.8
20.3
% of respondents who think that
condom can protect against HIV
54.2
44.3
49.8
40.7
40.3
48.2
45.4
39.2
51.8
47.0
44.8
50.8
469
33.6
21.9
26.6
24.4
21.5
30.0
30.0
24.7
30.2
25.3
22.9
37.3
27.5
22.2
18.8
21.9
18.8
21.7
20.1
18.0
20.8
19.9
21.4
17.5
25.2
20.8
% of respondent who know where
to get condom
56.6
45.5
53.3
44.6
40.2
46.4
48.5
44.2
61.2
55.8
47.4
58.6
50.4
% of respondent who ever seen
condom demonstration
39.7
18.1
28.4
24.4
24.8
23.8
25.1
25.0
26.0
32.4
23.2
28.8
27.9
2216
977
2015
725
1015
791
744
1598
649
788
997
785
13300
% of respondents who received any
information about HIV/AIDS
transmission and prevention from
health workers, community worker,
link workers etc
% of respondents who reported
that it is not necessary to use
condoms every time with every
partner________________________
°/o of respondents who think that
anal sex is safe and a way to avoid
catching HIV
Total N
2
Table2: Knowledge of HIV transmission risk. correct use of condom & source of condom
Parameters
mf(30?49)-i
mf ■mm(15-29)
% of respondents who ever
heard about HIV/AIDS
63.8
67.8
66.6
66.3
66.9
% of respondents who received
any information about
HIV/AIDS transmission and
prevention from health workers,
community worker, link workers
etc__________________________
% of respondents who think
that HIV/AIDS can be
transmitted by mosquitoes
mm
^15-24)'
65.8
81.8
74.6
68.8
71.7
70.2
41.7
41.9
41.8
50.0
44.4
47.1
61.3
57.0
50.5
48.2
49.4
28.6
30.0
29.3
29.1
29.5
29.3
29.2
24.1
27.5
29.3
28.4
49.6
45.2
47.4
56.3
49.9
53.0
63.7
64.8
57.0
52.8
54.9
18.6
22.9
20.7
22.5
23.6
23.0
15.9
18.5
21.5
19.1
20.3
44.0
39.6
41.8
50.6
45.7
48.1
40.7
60.5
52.3
41.4
46.9
30.5
27.6
29.0
28.1
29.2
28.6
27.5
22.4
26.5
28.5
27.5
17.6
20.6
19.2
23.1
21.4
22.2
19.2
22.8
22.4
19.2
20.8
% of respondent who know
where to get condom
41.4
40.5
40.9
64.1
55.3
59.6
31.6
69.3
62.9
37.8
50.4
% of respondent who ever seen
condom demonstration
22.5
24.6
23.6
38.5
34.0
36.2
12.2
35.4
36.0
19.8
27.9
4432
2149
2235
4384
2193
2291
6675
6625
13300
% of respondents who think
that HIV/AIDS can be
transmitted through sexual
intercourse___________________
% of respondents who think
that they can tell whether a
person has HIV by looking at
the person___________________
% of respondents who think
that condom can protect against
HIV_______________________ _
% of respondents who reported
that it is not necessary to use
condoms every' time with every
partner______________________
% of respondents who think
that anal sex is safe and a way to
avoid catching HIV
Total N
2187
2245
3
Table3: Abstinence and fidelity among unmarried and married individuals
g
4 had sex before
y i' a "
''
han,one
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
Tumkur
Demographic group
mf(15-29)
m£(30-49)
mf
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
uf(15-24)
um(15-24)
All male
All female
Total
25.6
16.4
21.2
21.1
24.9
18.8
25.4
22.9
14.3
22.2
20.4
22.3
2216
977
2015
725
1015
791
744
1598
649
788
997
785
9.4
10.8
10.1
38.1
39.0
38.5
9.0
25.1
33.9
9.8
21.9
2187
2245
4432
2149
2235
4384
2193
2291
6675
6625
13300
partner
23.1
16.7
16.8
21.5
19.9
15.4
18.2
19.8
14.0
22.9
20.5
20.9
1478
647
1335
478
669
521
495
1051
437
528
655
522
10.2
11.9
11.1
25.8
29.8
27.9
2187
2245
4432
2149
2235
4384
27.9
11.1
19.4
4384
4432
8816
BH w
4
nionth1 ,
12.1
6.1
8.6
9.4
10.0
5.8
8.9
10.7
5.9
10.9
9.0
11.2
4.3
5.4
4.9
14.1
16.5
15.3
4.4
11.9
14.1
4.7
9.5
SKI
N
2216
977
2015
725
1015
791
744
1598
649
788
997
785
2187
2245
4432
2149
2235
4384
2193
2291
6675
6625
13300
Table4: % of UM/UF who used condom consistently and MM/MF who used condom last time they had sex outside marriage
nsistentlyin|%of MM/MF whousetic
SB]
; sex outside marriage
|n
— ~
^(15-49)|
mf (15-49) T-. .N
District __ ___ .
40.0
32.5
41.1
32.0
38.8
37.5
43.8
35.6
31.3
29.4
37.0
37.9
37.2
107
25
66
28
48
16
17
59
13
36
34
43
492
40.2
40.0
22.7
32.1
37.5
43.8
35.3
27.1
30.8
36.1
26.5
51.2
48
16
56
11
34
12
15
34
5
21
27
14
293
85.4
37.5
58.3
27.3
64.7
58.3
46.7
55.9
40.0
66.7
63.0
71.4
61.9
30
3
27
4
5
2
4
13
0
4
6
5__
103
53.3
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
(0-0)
19.0
Belgaum
(25.0)
Bellary
Bijapur
(0-0)
(50.0)
Davanagere
(25.0)
Dharwad
(38.5)
Gulbarga
Hassan
(0-0)
(50.0)
Kolar
(50.0)
Mysore
Tumkur_____ _______________ (60.0)
All District
__ ______ ______ 37.1
sample
size less than 25
( ) Based on
35.0
TableS: Unsafe sex with FSWs
■
i.
0/ 1,
■ '
District
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
Tumkur
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mtn
um(15-24)
mf(15-29)
mf(30-49)
Total
'
o/ ■ r KAT?' ■ iF'1 •
’
1
< ■■ ; -
mlif
KaXex^with
had sex with
f'SW __ |,
44.2
35.7
46.2
39.7
51.5
50.0
48.9
37.7
27.7
45.1
69.8
49.2
46.7
41.0
43.5
50.2
1130
481
1017
365
517
396
376
815
309
387
490
392
2149
2235
4384
2291
___ T______
7.8
O1
■
J
wno
■'
. j. •% had sex
ever had with FSW in
I ^ex
th-jFS5^Z.' last 6, inbnth
15.2
8.3
5.0
8.7
6.6
12.8
8.2
17.3
6.6
13.2
6.1
12.1
6.6
12.5
9.7
17.9
5.8
15.2
12.7
21.2
6.7
12.9
11.7
16.1
15.4
7.9
9.9
18.4
8.9
16.9
5.7
10.0
14.5
2 l;-T'
■I
6675
5
45.1
N
IWsex^wbrke;
20.6
172
42
7.9
130
11.5
26.1
63
68
14.3
48
11.8
47
8.6
19.3
146
16.5
47
82
23.3
63
15.3
14.9
63
330/
112
■ i
724
331
672
238
335
262
245
512
231
275
346
261
■
742^7
229flBI
7 I__ d
971
14.4
17.4
16.0
2187
2245
4432
N.
235
83
158
75
85
64
73
149
48
85
100
66
1221
Tablc6: Men having sex with men
E-
1
% of men ever
had sex with
had sex with other man in
.man-
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
Tumkur
Demographic group
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
um(15-24)__________
■ -v
-..yTotal
Tensed
condomlast
.^.h.yb.d
4.4
4.8
4.6
7.7
5.0
3.8
3.7
5.9
4.2
8.3
3.9
4.1
0.9
1.0
0.7
0.8
1.5
0.0
0.8
1.2
0.6
3.1
1.8
2.0
N
1130
481
1017
365
517
396
376
815
309
387
490
392
3.5
3.4
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.4
2149
2235
4384
2291
1.2
6675
BMBMMM|MM|7.9
5.0
I
;na5r J
| -
44.0
56.5
31.9
42.9
30.8
100.0
78.6
56.3
30.8
46.9
57.9
75.0
50
23
47
28
26
15
14
48
13
32
19
16
68.0
88.2
78.1
26.1
75
76
151
180
■ 49.8
Table 7: Consumption of alcohol
N
alcohol
gg
aF
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
fumkur
Demographic group
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
um(15-24)
Total
their drinking marriage after
cause problem
drinking
_______
I
38.4
38.9
37.9
43.8
42.7
32.8
40.4
43.9
38.8
41.9
41.8
46.4
20.4
18.9
18.3
20.5
20.5
16.7
19.7
20.6
17.2
20.7
16.7
24.5
9.2
8.3
8.8
12.9
7.7
8.6
8.5
12.4
5.8
13.2
9.0
16.3
1130
481
1017
365
517
396
376
815
309
387
490
392
45.0
47.2
46.1
29.4
40.4
21.0
24.7
22.9
13.3
19.6
10.5
13.1
11.8
6.4
10.0
2149
2235
4384
2291
6675
6
_____
-331
TableS: Forced Sex
District
__________
% of males who ever
forced any women to
have sex
% of females
ever been
forced to have
_____ sex_____
12.0
5.2
11.2
11.7
8.2
3.8
5.4
8.7
3.5
9.7
8.5
8.7
N
1130
481
1017
365
517
396
376
815
309
387
490
392
14.7
Bagalkot
8.5
Bangalore Rural
9.3
Belgaum
14 Q
i-r.O
Bellary
9.9
Bijapur
9.6
Davanagere
13.0
Dharwad
15.7
Gulbarga
8.1
Hassan
14.5
Kolar
8.8
Mysore
13.5
Tumkur
Demographic group
2149
13.3
mm(15-29)
2235
14.8
mm(30-49)
4384
14.1
mm
2291
8.0
um(15-24)
8.6
mf(15-29)
11.6
mf(30-49)
10.1
mf
6.1
uf(15-24)
6675
12.0
All male
8.8
All Female_________
8.8
6675
_________ 12.0__________
[Total
* For married persons including their spouse
Table9: % of married persons who discussed sex with their spouse in last 6 months
Married Female
N
Married Male
District____________
33.4
754
31.2
Bagalkot
21.1
316
26.3
Bangalore Rural
28.7
26.4
663
Belgaum
23.5
29.2
240
Bellary
21.2
334
28.7
Bijapur
14.9
259
29.0
Davanagere
16.3
250
32.4
Dharwad
26.6
539
32.3
Gulbarga
24.7
206
28.2
Hassan
28.7
253
38.7
Kolar
28.0
309
25.2
Mysore
27.2
261
34.5
Tumkur
N
1086
496
998
360
498
395
368
783
340
401
507
393
St
2187
2245
4432
2193
MHHM
Demographic group
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
mf(15-29)
mf(30-49)
29.0
30.8
29.9
29.9
N
724
331
672
238
335
262
245
512
231
275
346
261
2149
2235
4384
26.2
25.7
26.0
26.0
m£__________
Total
6625
6625
4384
7
2187
2245
4432
4432
TablelO; Willingness to be tested for HIV
•
..
District
.
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
Bijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
Tumkur
Demographic group
m£(15-29)
mf(30-49)
mf
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
u£(15-24)
um(l 5-24)
All male
All female__________
Total
■
% eve* been % willing to
_ be
tested for Hiv| tested
tested for
for HIV
HIV
21.3
12.6
16.0
14.8
13.1
17.2
12.9
17.6
18.2
19.7
14.5
16.2
46.7
32.9
48.0
37.0
37.3
44.9
45.3
39.5
52.2
49.2
39.0
50.3
N
2216
977
2015
725
1015
791
744
1598
649
788
997
785
23.1
19.3
21.2
16.1
18.2
17.2
11.1
12.3
15.5
17.8
16.7
41.1
37.6
39.3
44.4
40.3
42.3
47.9
50.5
45.1
42.1
43.6
2187
2245
4432
2149
2235
4384
2193
2291
6675
6625
13300
8
Table 11: Personally involved with HIV
I
0/
% attended
I
District
Bagalkot
Bangalore Rural
Belgaum
Bellary
JBijapur
Davanagere
Dharwad
Gulbarga
Hassan
Kolar
Mysore
Tumkur
Demographic group
mf(15-29)
mf(30-49)
mf
mm(15-29)
mm(30-49)
mm
uf(15-24)
um(l 5-24)
All male
All female_________________
Total
22.7
7.4
11.3
community
meeting on
H1V
44.2
16.3
27.3
23.4
31.8
25.0
25.5
24.6
34.2
28.2
21.3
27.9
23.2
26.6
25.0
26.3
24.7
25.5
29.9
26.6
25.9
26.6
26.2
11.5
14.0
12.8
16.1
15.2
15.6
12.0
14.0
15.1
12.5
13.8
25.2
26.6
25.9
28.4
26.6
27.5
37.2
29.2
28.1
29.6
28.9
% ever
% who know
any one with provided help
to PLHIV
HIV
--------- 22.5
38.7
6.0
12.7
16.2
30.7
13.8
26.3
14.9
27.6
8.1
18.1
9.9
23.8
12.6
25.7
3.7
19.1
11.3
29.3
15.5
9
N___
2216
977
2015
725
1015
791
744
1598
649
788
997
785
2187
2245
4432
2149
2235
4384
2193
2291
6675
6625
13300
uf(15-24) um(15-24) All male All female
mm(15-29) mm(30-49) mm
Better attitudes to PLHA__________________________ mf(15-29) mf(30-49) mf
6644
6576
2283
2189
4361
2220
2141
4387
2221
2166
% of respondent who agrees that s/he would be willing to
61.7
61.2
69.3
74.3
56.9
55.0
58.9
55.4
53.3
57.5
1 care for her/his relative sick with HTV/AIDS
% of respondent who agrees to buy vegitables from a
42.8
41.6
39.9
44.4
42.4
41.7
43.2
43.4
42.0
40.4
2 PLHA
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that " A child
33.8
35.7
33.8
30.0
36.8
37.5
36.0
35.7
38.3
33.1
3 with HIV should not be allowed to go to school"
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "
31.5
37.1
35.2
27.1
38.1
39.3
36.9
33.7
36.9
30.5
4 Families with HIV should be left alone to deal with it"
N
""
Total
13220
“
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "if a
5 women has HIV, its reflection of her moral character"
Improved attitude, to condoms
- 80^^
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Easy
6 access to condoms promotoes promiscuity"
7 % of respondent who agrees to the statement that "
38.0
42.3
50.3
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "There is
52.4
8 never any need for a man to use condoms with his wife."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
31.5
9 who carry condoms are “promiscuous”."
Improved attitudes to female
workers
' ■T<% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
37.1
10 get into sex work because they like sex."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
52.4
11 workers spoil morality in society."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
28.1
12 should be allowed to sell sex if they want."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
40.4
13 workers should have the same rights as everyone else."
Better attitudes to sharing and caring ’ "
1 .' ' ,
% of r ondent who agrees to the statement that "You
48.6
14 don’t talk about sex, you just do it."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It is a
43.4
15 woman’s responsibility to avoid getting pregnant."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "A man
16 should have the final word about decisions in the home."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Men
17 who cook are real men."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
should feel free to show their husbands when they want
18 sex."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Men
19 cannot control their sexual urges."
42.2
40.1
46.7
44.1
J53
H
37.1
41.4
44.0
Ums
39.1
61.4
42.2
34.8
34.3
41.6
<
’i
45.7
48.9
44.0
49.6
47.8
55.1
47.6
49.5
47.7
52.2
46.6
52.0
50.0
64.4
48.5
56.4
44.9
50.4
46.7
53.4
50.2
51.3
66.0
60.7
63.3
46.7
66.7
64.5
49.8
57.2
36.4
34.0
46.5
44.3
45.4
28.8
45.5
45.4
32.3
38.9
42.0
39.6
48.2
48.6
48.4
36.6
48.8
48.5
38.6
43.6
54.5
53.4
61.7
60.9
61.3
60.3
64.2
62.3
55.7
59.0
28.2
28.2
36.1
38.5
37.3
25.3
38.5
37.7
27.2
32.5
42.4
43.2
48.9
48.4
45.0
41.9
43.4
38.4
■Mil
_____ _
44.3
46.4
45.4
49.1
47.3
44.0
47.9
47.5
45.6
46.5
47.8
45.6
38.4
39.2
38.8
40.5
33.7
37.1
43.9
40.5
45.0
52.2
48.6
63.2
62.6
62.9
40.2
56.0
60.5
45.8
53.2
32.9
29.5
31.2
29.1
31.7
30.4
33.4
28.6
29.8
31.9
30.9
43.6
41.6
42.6
58.2
50.8
54.4
44.5
61.4
56.8
43.2
50.1
43.9
48.1
46.0
53.4
51.7
52.6
37.1
50.4
51.8
43.1
47.5
mf(15-29) mf(30-49) mf
2221
2166
Better attitudes to PLHA
N
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
20 for a man to force his wife if she won’t have sex with him."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "There
21 are times when a wife deserves to be beaten."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
22 who are raped are usually at fault."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s
23 immoral for a woman to seek pleasure in sex."
Better attitudes to women and girl effidlrehH
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "We
24 should feel sorry for people who only have daughters."
4387
mm(15-29) mm(30-49) mm
2220
2141
4361
uf(15-24) um(15-24) All male All female Total____
13220
6644
6576
2189
2283
36.2
38.9
37.6
49.8
48.6
49.2
29.4
45.6
47.9
34.9
41.4
50.2
50.5
50.3
65.9
60.8
63.3
53.1
65.4
64.0
51.3
57.7
24.6
28.4
26.5
38.3
40.7
39.6
18.1
36.3
38.4
23.7
31.1
span
40.1
40.2
40.1
43.7
43.2
43.4
43.2
39.9
42.2
41.2
41.7
64.6
65.9
65.3
70.5
69.5
70.0
68.0
71.1
70.4
66.2
68.3
56.3
58.0
57.2
70.9
68.3
69.6
44.2
63.5
67.5
52.9
60.2
30.1
34.3
32.2
41.1
42.9
42.1
22.7
35.1
39.7
29.1
34.4
20.3
27.8
24.1
41.3
43.8
42.6
15.1
37.5
40.8
21.1
31.0
49.5
52.6
51.1
51.8
51.8
51.8
56.5
55.0
52.9
52.9
52.9
37.1
49.4
43.3
56.0
55.3
55.6
21.2
49.8
53.6
35.9
44.8
18.0
22.2
20.1
33.2
34.9
34.1
9.8
29.9
32.6
16.7
24.7
46.7
49.6
48.2
67.4
66.3
66.8
50.5
71.5
68.4
49.0
58.8
36.3
40.7
38.5
42.1
43.7
42.9
31.3
34.3
40.0
36.1
38.1
22.5
30.0
26.3
52.3
46.7
49.5
18.1
53.8
51.0
23.6
37.3
51.8
55.1
53.5
62.5
58.6
60.6
27.8
62.6
61.3
44.9
53.1
20.4
22.2
21.3
28.3
28.6
28.5
14.8
28.5
28.5
19.2
23.8
61.4
64.2
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
25 who work should give their earnings to their husbands."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "If girls
26 have too much education, they do not make good wives."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
27 should be blamed for spreading HIV/AIDS."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "We
should not marry our daughters to famiUes who demand
28 dowry, however small the dowry is."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Girls
29 should be married as early as possible."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "If the
wife is away for an extended period of time, it is acceptable
30 for men to have sex with others."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s
31 immoral for men to have sex with men."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Real
32 men don’t cry."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
33 for boys to be sexually experienced before marriage."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
34 reduces men's streanth"
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
35 for girls to be sexually experienced before marriage"
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "An
36 ideal husband is one who can control his wife."__________
100
iM
InMl
100
78.4
76.3
80.5
62.8
100
100
100
100
100
69.8
60.9
78.6
79.2
57.0
100
100
100
100
Better attitudes to PLHA__________________________ Bagalkot
2211
_______________________ N_______________________
% of respondent who agrees that s/he would be willing to
65.5
1 care for her/his relative sick with HIV/AIDS
% of respondent who agrees to buy vegitables from a
44.2
2 PLHA
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that " A child
34.2
3 with HIV should not be allowed to go to school"
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "
40.0
4 Families with HIV should be left alone to deal with it"
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "if a
50.1
5 women has HTV, its reflection of her moral character"
Improved attitudes to condoms
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Easy
46.3
6 access to condoms promotoes promiscuity"
59.1
7 % of respondent who agrees to the statement that "
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "There is
8 never any need for a man to use condoms with his wife."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
9 who carry condoms are “promiscuous”."
Improved attitudes^to female sex workers . J® |
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that Women
10 get into sex work because they like sex."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
11 workers spoil morality in society."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
12 should be allowed to sell sex if they want."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
13 workers should have the same rights as everyone else."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "You
14 don’t talk about sex, you just do it."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It is a
15 woman’s responsibility to avoid getting pregnant."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "A man
16 should have the final word about decisions in the home."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Men
17 who cook are real men."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
should feel free to show their husbands when they want
18 sex."
____
___
Better attitudes to GBV and forced sex
?”'7 '
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Men
19 cannot control their sexual urges."
All
Bangalore
Belgaum
Rural
2013
960
Bellary
719
Bijapur
1002
59.2
66.0
59.7
58.7
61.7
60.5
42.3
39.4
37.3
41.9
36.5
30.5
31.6
32.4
32.5
25.7
38.2
32.7
33.6
41.6
42.2
47.6
50.2
55.6
'
Davanagere Dharwad Gulbarga Hassan
647
1579
742
789
Kolar
780
Mysore
993
Tumkur
785
District
13220
58.3
64.5
62.7
56.4
55.5
61.4
35.7
44.6
45.4
50.0
38.2
49.4
42.2
31.9
29.5
37.9
38.2
43.3
32.2
48.2
34.8
26.2
23.1
27.4
37.2
36.0
42.9
25.6
44.5
34.3
27.4
41.1
41.3
41.6
51.0
33.7
57.9
40.8
49.2
37.6
47.8
53.1
55.0
55.9
57.1
43.1
48.4
47.8
56.3
51.9
52.2
43.1
50.4
52.1
51.8
46.7
53.4
59.7
58.6
49.1
55.7
56.0
64.7
55.2
59.4
61.C
59.7
53.0
57.2
32.7
38.5
42.3
33.1
31.8
34.2
42.8
38.9
52.2
32.0
S3
-'-i
l:£
41.6
__
38.9
MH
46.0
34.6
45.5
35.7
25.8
49.6
48.8
49.1
44.2
55.6
38.8
44.3
43.6
58.3
59.5
60.6
53.3
52.6
62.5
67.1
58.5
59.8
63.2
56.0
59.0
59.0
37.0
26.8
38.7
27.3
26.4
29.3
31.4
33.8
23.5
36.8
27.4
34.9
32.5
38.4
47.0
40.2
38.8
35.2
43.5
40.0
35.2
a MMM
52.8
40.5
50.3
40.1
39.0
47.5
52.0
43.8
48.8
51.0
38.6
45.4
46.5
47.9
23.9
43.6
37.8
34.8
42.0
38.0
43.0
39.1
41.4
33.2
46.6
40.5
59.3
38.8
53.1
55.9
42.2
41.3
47.2
63.6
56.0
67.1
41.8
60.8
53.2
30.7
35.7
33.3
30.7
27.1
28.1
30.9
28.8
28.0
33.8
35.3
24.5
30.9
52.0
49.2
47.1
47.0
55.0
49.1
45.9
49.5
54.0
43.6
49.6
50.1
44.9
42.8
47.8
38.3
52.2
52.6
47.9
52.4
60.3
41.4
45.5
47.5
50.1
SI
48.9
Better attitudes to PLHA
N
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
20 for a man to force his wife if she won’t have sex with him."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "There
21 are times when a wife deserves to be beaten."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
22 who are raped are usually at fault."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s
23 immoral for a woman to seek pleasure in sex."
BeffirMafftowoniehandW
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "We
24 should feel sorry for people who only have daughters."
Bagalkot
2211
All
Bangalore
Belgaum
Rural
2013
960
Bellary
719
Bijapur
1002
Davanagere Dharwad
742
789
Gulbarga Hassan
647
1579
780
Mysore
993
Tumkur
785
District
13220
Kolar
40.5
32.7
42.7
44.5
42.8
45.4
40.7
48.1
38.6
44.5
34.1
38.7
41.4
62.1
53.3
56.7
59.8
52.1
51.5
55.8
63.4
58.4
67.9
48.4
55.5
57.7
32.9
25.8
31.2
35.0
26.8
30.7
25.9
33.7
28.0
31.7
29.6
38.2
31.1
44.3
39.6
29.8
45.4
50.8
40.7
38.3
45.9
41.1
41.4
41.7
42.9
■
asm
68.6
65.4
66.6
66.8
57.9
75.8
75.3
69.5
71.7
77.4
64.9
66.1
68.3
64.5
50.1
58.3
57.0
56.7
56.3
64.0
68.7
60.4
70.9
50.8
57.6
60.2
39.5
22.2
36.7
34.1
22.0
33.0
38.7
36.2
36.8
38.5
25.1
44.6
34.4
34.2
21.6
31.9
30.7
23.1
30.2
33.7
34.7
30.0
39.7
23.3
34.8
31.0
51.9
52.6
59.3
55.1
48.3
49.6
57.4
52.1
45.0
50.5
55.9
49.6
52.9
49.0
35.8
48.5
31.4
45.1
45.8
43.3
52.9
32.7
55.3
44.8
25.7
19.1
23.0
31.2
22.5
20.5
20.1
28.3
24.6
33.3
22.1
26.4
24.7
53.5
62.8
60.4
60.8
59.0
64.8
70.2
58.4
51.9
55.8
67.7
43.4
58.8
43.5
30.6
42.1
33.7
28.6
36.1
40.2
39.7
36.0
38.3
26.6
49.9
38.1
40.0
29.9
40.2
38.5
31.6
35.2
31.1
40.8
37.4
41.4
30.7
43.1
37.3
46.6
47.9
58.5
50.1
51.9
52.7
65.6
56.8
59.2
61.8
47.2
43.7
53.1
35 for girls to be sexually experienced before marriage"
26.5
22.6
28.0
25.7
19.1
23.2
21.6
22.6
24.1
21.9
17.9
25.9
23.8
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "An
36 ideal husband is one who can control his wife."_________
74.7
61.0
74.0
63.6
63.6
67.8
75.2
67.4
71.1
76.8
61.4
73.8
69.8
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
25 who work should give their earnings to their husbands."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "If girls
26 have too much education, they do not make good wives."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Women
27 should be blamed for spreading HIV/AIDS."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "We
should not marry our daughters to families who demand
28 dowry, however small the dowry is."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Girls
29 should be married as early as possible."
n
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that If the
wife is away for an exi ended period of time, it is acceptable
30 for men to have sex with others."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s
31 immoral for men to have sex with men."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Real
32 men don’t cry."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
33 for boys to be sexually experienced before marriage."
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "Sex
34 reduces men's streanth"
•'iV . :r
% of respondent who agrees to the statement that "It’s OK
IBBA among FSWS: Key findings from Round 1
Table 1.1: HIV Prevalence among high risk groups by District and Site, Surveillance___________
2006_______
2004_______
2005_______
2003
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number Percent
Number Percent
9.37
18.38
1751
1050
1050
19.81
17.10
1035
Total
STD
jType of TG
3.60
28.67
250
150
150
34.00
33.33
150
Belgaum
7.57
251
28.00
150
21.33
150
21.33
150
Gulbarga
250
13.60
16.67
150
31.33
150
18.00
150
Dharwad
17.60
150
7.33
250
14.67
150
17.33
150
Bellary
5.60
150
15.33
250
150
18.00
14.67
150
Bangalore
3.60
150
4.67
250
4.67
150
6.00
150
Dakshina Kannada
18.67
20.00
250
14.00
150
150
135
12.59
Mysore
19.20
250
250
10.00
155
11.61
10.80
250
Bangalore
MSM
8.64
17.37
1007
14.40
250
21.60
685
250
Total
FSW
751
9.32
250
21.60
529
19.28
14.40
250
Bangalore
6.64
256
0.00
0
0.00
156
10.90
0
I Dakshina Kannada
I
L
Table 1.2: HIV Prevalence among STD clinic attendees by characteristics Surveillance________
2004_______
2006_______
2003
2005_______
Number Percent
Number
Number Percent
Number Percent
Percent
9.37
18.38
1751
1035
17.10
1050
19.81
1050
Total
STD
84
8.33
59
10.17
3.57
60
10.61
66
Age group
<20
7.02
16.19
11.22
218
16.06
210
299
196
20-24
23.02
262
21.37
423
7.33
229
22.71
265
25-29
324
12.65
18.65
208
22.12
209
18.18
193
30-34
134
141
12.78
147
17.01
26.12
26.95
266
35-39
77
15.58
80
200
10.00
15.00
91
15.38
40-44
9.03
18.58
88
15.91
89
10.11
155
113
45+
262
11.07
278
14.39
269
14.87
383
6.27
<25 years
Age group
772
21.76
1368
10.23
19.59
773
19.15
781
25+ years
17.04
917
10.03
486
17.90
575
630
17.78
Urban
Locality
834
16.39
475
23.16
420
19.29
8.63
549
Rural
18.87
190
25.79
197
27.41
349
14.90
302
Education status Illiterate
287
18.47
295
23.73
299
17.06
507
9.86
Literate upto 5th standard
442
16.97
5th standard to 12th standard
342
16.37
408
6.69
15.69
643
16.44
104
10.58
123
11.38
146
252
7.54
Graduate and above
Illiterate
302
18.87
190
25.79
197
27.41
349
14.90
Education
16.37
Literate
733
860
18.49
853
16.30
1402
7.99
19.19
388
16.75
200
21.50
172
155
9.68
Migrants
Migrant
647
17.31
850
19.41
18.22
1596
9.34
Non migrant
878
18.13
359
24.79
11.72
Occupation
Agricultural and unskilled worker
353
250
24.80
435
124
14.52
106
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
27.36
86
22.09
110
13.64
Industrial and factory worker
108
15.74
91
16.48
120
23.33
105
12.38
18.87
55
Hotel staff
53
51
25.49
27.27
72
8.33
Service class people
67
13.43
96
11.46
89
7.88
15.73
165
Businessmen
82
25.61
107
18.69
117
176
6.25
20.51
Unemployed
16
0.00
15
20.00
22
21
9.52
9.09
64
Student
9.38
63
7.94
54
11.11
73
0.00
Sex worker
19.05
162
257
168
14.20
8.95
551
8.35
Housewife
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
0.00
41
17.07
Other
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
0.00
2
0.00
Table 1.3: HIV Prevalence among MSM by characteristics, Surveillance
MSM
2004_______
2003_______
2005_____
2006*______
Number Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number Percent
Total
250
10.80
250
10.00
155
11.61
250
19.20
Age group
<20
56
3.57
32
0.00
19
5.26
16
25.00
20-24
88
11.36
68
8.82
65
12.31
98
15.31
25-29
45
54
17.78
14.81
32
6.25
76
19.74
30-34
19
21.05
29
17.24
23
17.39
31
12.90
35-39
15
6.67
22
4.55
6
0.00
9
11.11
40-44
7
0.00
25
12.00
5
20.00
14
42.86
45+
20
10.00
20
10.00
5
40.00
6
50.00
Age group
<25 years
144
8.33
100
84
6.00
10.71
114
16.67
25+ years
106
14.15
150
12.67
71
12.68
136
21.32
Locality
Urban
244
10.66
205
10.73
142
11.27
203
15.76
Rural
6
16.67
45
6.67
13
15.38
47
34.04
Education status Illiterate
53
11.32
65
10.77
35
22.86
13
23.08
Literate upto 5th standard
105
15.24
137
8.03
59
6.78
78
19.23
5th standard to 12th standard
83
4.82
41
12.20
53
7.55
133
16.541
Graduate and above
11.11
7
9
28.57
8
25.00
26
30.77|
Education
Illiterate
53
11.32
65
10.77
35
22.86
13
23.08
Literate
197
10.66
185
9.73
120
8.33
237
18.99:
127
Migrants
Migrant
56
3.57
8.66
45
8.89
91
17.58
Non migrant
194
12.89
123
11.38
12.73
159
110
20.13,
Occupation
Agricultural and unskilled worker
12.62
99
11.11
8.33
103
36
18
5.56
26.67
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
11
9.09
15
18
11.11
2
50.00
24
Industrial and factory worker
60
11.67
0.00
32
6.25
49
14.29
15.38
5
0.00
9
Hotel staff
2
50.00
13
11.11
44
11.11
Service class people
8
0.00
9
15
13.33
20.45
Businessmen
30
6.67
75
8.00
26
7.69
77
28.57
8
30.43
37
Unemployed
23
8.70
12.50
23
16.22
7
0.00
0.00
3
13
0
0.00
7.69
Student
0
5
Housewife
0
0.00
0
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0
6
16.67
Other
0
0.00
0
0.00
Table 1.4: HIV Prevalence among Female Sex Workers (FSW) by characteristics, Surveillance
2004_______
2006_______
2005_______
2003
Number Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number Percent
Base:AII
14.40
250
21.60
685
17.37
1007
8.64
FSW
250
13.64
14
Age group
<20
22
34
5.88
55
5.451
14.29
5.931
19.67
55
20-24
18.18
61
130
23.85
236
67
74
16.57
271
9.96
17.57
25-29
17.91
175
7.25|
36
30-34
11.11
45
33.33
128
17.19
138
35-39
8.33
31
12.90
119
15.97
152
36
10.5?
40-44
14
35.71
17
17.65
59
16.95
88
14.77.
5.97]
27.27
15.00
45+
17
5.88
11
40
67
<25 years
77
16.88
75
18.67
164
20.12
291
Age group
5.8*
175
22.86
521
16.51
13.29
25+ years
173
716
9.781
141
564
Locality
Urban
195
14.87
19.86
17.55
892
8.97
55
12.73
109
23.85
121
16.53
Rural
115
6.09.
9.58|
21.95
Education status Illiterate
13.74
123
366
19.13
449
131
41
21.95
209
14.35
345
8.41
Literate upto 5th standard
91
17.58
5th standard to 12th standard
28
7.14
85
21.18
17.92
211
7.111
106
4
Graduate and above
0
0.00
1
0.00
0.00
2
0.00'
Education
Illiterate
131
13.74
123
21.95
19.13
449
366
9.58
7.89|
Literate
127
21.26
119
319
15.36
558
15.13
Migrants
Migrant
40
20.00
132
18.94
17.73
217
6.91
203
118
482
17.22
Non migrant
210
13.33
24.58
790
9.11]
Occupation
Agricultural and unskilled worker
130
5.38I
Industrial and factory worker
43
11.63
16.00|
25
Hotel staff
Service class people
114
12.28
Businessmen
112
2.68.
Unemployed
290
7.24|
Student
2
0.0C
Sex worker
138
7.97j
Housewife
13.79'
58
Other
95
14.74
"able 2.1: Prevalence of VDRL among high risk groups by District and Site, Surveillance______
2006_______
2004_______
2005_______
2003_______
Number
Percent
Number Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
3.08
4.29
1751
5.71
1050
5.70
1050
1035
Total
STD
"ype of TG
250
0.00
0.67
0.67
150
2.67
150
150
Belgaum
12.75
251
6.67
150
12.67
150
14.00
150
Gulbarga
250
1.20
10.00
150
10.00
150
8.00
150
Dharwad
2.40
1.33
250
150
0.00
4.00
150
150
Bellary
1.20
250
2.00
150
150
11.33
150
6.00
Bangalore
250
1.20
0.67
150
0.67
150
0.00
150
Dakshina Kannada
2.80
250
8.67
4.44
150
5.33
150
135
Mysore
21.94
250
15.20
155
2.80
250
5.20
250
MSM
Bangalore
1007
4.17
685
9.34
250
17.60
250
6.00
FSW
Total
10.40
751
5.06
250
17.60
529
250
6.00
Bangalore
5.77
1.56
0
0.00
156
256
0
0.00
Dakshina Kannada
I___
I
L
fable 2.2: Prevalence of vdrl among STD clinic attendees characteristics Surveillance
_______ 2004
_______ 2006
|
2003
_______ 2005
Number
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Percent
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
| STD
5.71
1751
3.08
1035
5.70
1050
4.29
1050
Base:AII
4.76
84
66
4.55
60
6.67
59
5.08
Age group
<20
5.24
20-24
196
7.14
218
210
299
4.01
6.42
262
3.44
423
1.65
6.42
25-29
229
8.30
265
5.77
324
2.47
30-34
193
208
209
2.39
4.66
5.44
141
2.63
147
134
3.73
3.55
266
35-39
77
80
200
6.50
40-44
91
4.40
7.50
2.60
6.74
1.94
89
113
1.77
88
155
6.82
45+
6.47
Age group
<25 years
262
6.49
278
269
5.20
383
4.18
772
5.44
3.97
25+ years
773
781
1368
2.78
5.43
4.14
5.57
5.97
Locality
Urban
486
575
630
4.60
917
549
834
5.46
Rural
475
420
3.81
1.92
5.89
Education status
Illiterate
302
190
197
8.42
6.29
3.55
2.29
349
Literate upto 5th standard
287
295
7.12
507
6.97
299
5.35
3.35
5th standard to 12th standard
342
5.26
442
4.07
408
643
2.64
4.17
104
1.92
123
4.07
Graduate and above
146
3.42
4.76
252
Education
Illiterate
302
6.29
190
8.42
197
3.55
2.29
349
Literate
733
5.46
860
5.12
3.28
853
4.45
1402
Migrants
388
6.96
Migrant
200
9.00
172
4.65
155
1.94
647
4.94
Non migrant
850
878
4.21
1596
3.20
4.95
Occupation
Agricultural and unskilled worker
353
359
7.24
6.00
6.80
250
435
2.30
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
124
8.87
106
86
3.64
5.66
6.98
110
Industrial and factory worker
108
1.85
91
4.40
120
4.17
105
0.95
5.66
51
Hotel staff
53
55
3.64
72
1.39
5.88
2.99
Service class people
67
96
5.21
5.62
89
165
7.88
Businessmen
107
82
6.10
12.15
117
176
5.68
5.98
Unemployed
16
12.50
15
6.67
4.76
22
9.09
21
64
Student
6.25
63
1.59
54
1.85
73
1.37
Sex worker
168
3.57
162
0.62
257
0.78
551
2.00
Housewife
0
0
0.00
0.00
0
0.00
41
4.88
Other
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
2
0.00
0.00
[
I
I
I
I
I
I
Table 2.3: Prevalence of vdrl among MSM by characteristics, Surveillance
MSM
Base:AII
Age group
Age group
Locality
Education status
Education
Migrants
Occupation
2003_____
2004 2005_______
2006_______
Number Percent
Number Percent
Number Percent
Number Percent
250
2.80
250
5.20
21.94
155
250
15.20
<20
56
0.00
32
0.00
19
5.26
16
0.00
20-24
88
1.14
68
8.82
65
16.92
98
9.18
25-29
4.44
45
54
7.41
32
31.25
76
22.37
30-34
19
10.53
29
3.45
23
34.78
31
16.13
35-39
15
6.67
22
0.00
6
33.33
9
11.11
40-44
7
0.00
25
4.00
5
20.00
14
42.86
45+
20
5.00
20
5.00
5
20.00
6
0.00
<25 years
144
0.69
100
6.00
84
14.29
114
7.89
25+ years
106
5.66
150
4.67
71
30.99
136
21.32
Urban
244
2.87
205
5.37
142
21.83
203
14.29
Rural
6
0.00
45
4.44
13
23.08
47
19.15
Illiterate
53
0.00
65
3.08
35
28.57
13
15.38
Literate upto 5th standard
105
5.71
137
7.30
59
11.86
78
20.51
Sth standard to 12th standard
83
0.00
41
2.44
53
26.42
133
11.28
Graduate and above
7
9
11.11
0.00
8
37.50
26
19.23
Illiterate
53
0.00
65
3.08
35
28.57
13
15.38
Literate
197
3.55
185
5.95
120
20.00
237
15.19
Migrant
56
0.00
127
3.94
45
28.89
15.38
91
Non migrant
194
3.61
123
6.50
110
19.09
159
15.09
Agricultural and unskilled worker
103
3.88
99
1.01
19.44
36
18
11.11
Truck/Auto/Taxi dirver and cleaner
11
0.00
15
13.33
18
16.67
2
0.00
Industrial and factory worker
24
60
3.33
0.00
32
18.75
49
14.29
Hotel staff
2
0.00
13
15.38
5
20.00
9
11.11
Service class people
8
0.00
9
11.11
15
26.67
44
11.36
Businessmen
30
0.00
75
9.33
26
23.08
77
23.38
Unemployed
23
0.00
8
0.00
23
30.43
37
10.81
Student
7
0.00
13
7.69
0
0.00
3
0.00
Housewife
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
0.00
5
20.00
Other
0
0.00
0
0.00
0
0.00
6
0.00
Table 2.4: Prevalence of vdrl among Female Sex Workers (FSW) by characteristics, Surveillance
——]
“J
2003
FSW
Base:AII
Age group
<20
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45+
Age group
<25 years
25+ years
Urban
Rural
Illiterate
Literate upto 5th standard
5th standard to 12th standard
Graduate and above
Illiterate
Literate
Migrant
Non migrant
Agricultural and unskilled worker
Industrial and factory worker
Hotel staff
Service class people
Businessmen
Unemployed
Student
Sex worker
Housewife
Other
Locality
Education status
Education
Migrants
Occupation
2004_______
2005_______ _______ 2006
Number Percent
Number Percent
Number Percent
Number Percent
9.34
6.00
250
17.60
685
1007
4.17
250
14
21.43
34
14.71
3.64
22
0.00
55
55
2.54
7.27
61
14.75
130
10.00
236
17.57
7.38
67
74
175
8.57
271
10.45
36
45
22.22
128
10.94
138
2.90
2.78
9.24
2.63
2.78
31
16.13
119
152
36
14
7.14
5.68
17
11.76
59
6.78
88
0.00
11
27.27
40
5.00
67
1.49
17
164
77
5.19
75
16.00
10.98
291
2.75
173
6.36
175
18.29
521
8.83
716
4.75
564
9.22
195
6.15
141
14.18
892
3.70
9.92
55
5.45
109
22.02
121
115
7.83
131
8.40
123
20.33
366
10.66
449
4.68
91
4.40
41
14.63
209
6.70
345
3.77
15.29
28
0.00
85
106
10.38
211
3.79
0.00
1
0.00
4
0.00
2
0
0.00
131
8.40
123
20.33
366
10.66
449
4.68
119
3.36
127
14.96
319
7.84
558
3.76
40
7.50
132
19.70
217
9.36
203
2.30
210
5.71
15.25
482
9.34
118
790
4.68
130
5.38
43
6.98
25
16.00
114
4.39
112
1.79
290
2.07
2
0.00
138
4.35
58
1.72
8.42
95|
IBBA among FSWs: Findings from two rounds in
Mysore
Selected FSW Characteristics, Mysore
IBBA, Rounds 1 and 2 (1)
Round 1
Two Rounds of IBBA in
Mysore District:
Changes in Condom Use
And STI Prevalence
(July 2004,
N=429)
s
Selected FSW Characteristics, Mysore
IBBA, Rounds 1 and 2 (2)
a
Round 1
Round 2
(July 2004,
N=429)
(Dec 2006,
N=425)
Round 2
(Dec 2006,
N=425)
Typology
Public places
Home-based
Brothel-based
87.9%
11.7%
0.5%
90.7%
Age
18-24
25+
19.6%
80.4%
14.6%
85.4%
Average duration of sex
work (years)
4.5
6.2
Mean clients per week
8.4
9.2
5.5%
3.8%
s
k_
Outreach and Clinical Services, and
HIV Testing
Round 1
(July 2004, N=429)
Round 2
(Dec 2006, N=425)
Ever had anal sex
7.2%
4.9%
Condom use, last commercial
client_______________________
64.8%
89.9%
Ever been tested for HIV
20.8%
38.0%
Condom use, last regular
client
53.3%
66.3%
Ever visited program-linked
clinic
52.0%
95.8%
Condom use, main partner
(•lover")
6.5%
31.3%
Visited by outreach worker in
past six months
64.1%
99.3%
Witnessed condom
demonstration in past six
months
6.5%
31.3%
Currently carry a condom
7.3%
30.2%
Condom breakage during last
month
26.3%
27.3%
s
----------------------
STI Results, Mysore IBBA, Rounds 1
and 2
Round 1
(July 2004)
Round 2
(December 2006)
HIV
26.1%
24.3%
Syphilis
24.9%
12.0%
15.0%
3.3%
High-titre syphilis
Gonorrhea
5.4%
2.4%
Chlamydia
10.8%
4.4%
Trichomoniasis
32.9%
13.4%
BED Testing Results Among Female
Sex Workers, IBBA
District
HIV
Prevalence
BED'New'
Infections
BED
"OldInfections
Shimoga
(2005, N =>390)
:
10.6%
Belgaum
(2005, N=363)
34.4%
13
97
Mysore, Round 1
(2004, N = 429)
25.6%
24
81
Mysore, Round 2
(2006, N=425)
23.8%
15
86
Bagalkot, 2006
(Microbicide trial, N = 73)
49.3%
0
33
BED
Annual
Incidence
33
?
?
3
1
A0«
Aga a( fWst sn
Ag» started wi work
Ouratwn of sex work
Literacy leveli
Potential Pathways between Peer Education,
and Condom Use and STI Prevalence
Causal Pathways
Time to treat
/ I) Vaginal discharge
11) Abdominal Pain
ini IMcw
Marital status
£1
Residency
Chlamydia A
• For increased condom use with commercial
clients: witnessing a condom demonstration,
and always using a condom when wanting to
(peer education)
Gonorrhea
Sex work ouWde
Myvore laitfi
montfis
CHnlc
visit I
Sex work sole
Current
Syphilis
a) Occasional
commercial
SoUcrt commercial
clients
Entertain
commercial clients
b) Repeat
commercial
clients
Charge per sex act
• For increased condom use with regular
partners: visiting the drop-in centre, and
always using a condom when wanting to (peer
education plus DIG)
Tnchomonas
Earnings per wwek
• Other factors may also be involved, e.g.
increase self-esteem
Commercial cHents
Proportion of
commercial clients
who are new
Regular partner
H
2
Conclusion
• This targeted intervention has been scaled up quickly
and effectively.
• It is almost certainly resulting in reduced STI
transmission, and possibly HIV transmission, in the
context of sex work.
• Since most transmission in India is likely from high
risk networks through bridge populations to the
general population, this is likely to have both a short
term, as well as a substantial longer-term impact on
the epidemic.
• Second round IBBAs planned in three more districts,
\\March-May 2008
2
2
Sentinel Surveillance among high risk groups
Table 1: Percent distribution of FSWs by selected background characteristics, IBBA-FSW
Age group
Educational status of respondents
Marital status
Type of cohabiting partner
Has source of income other than sex work
Locality
Ever worked in Mumbai
Ever done sex work outside city
Typology________
District name
Total
Belgaum Bellary Shimoga Bangalore Urban Mysore Public plac Home Brothel
217 2312
790
1305
429
676
394
427
386
Number
28.3 19.9
20.6 16.3
19.6
21.4
17.6
17.2
19.6
<25 years
43.5 43.9
44.2 43.8
49.7
43.0
42.5
40.2
45.0
25-34 years
25.6 31.3
31.3 33.2
27.5
31.7
34.2
27.5
37.6
35-44 years
2.5 4.8
6.8
3.9
3.3
4.0
5.8
7.9
5.1
45+ years
30.9
29.1
31.9
30.6
30.0
30.7
31.8
31.0
31.6
Mean age of the FSW
63.6 61.6
63.8 58.1
75.7
47.3
62.7
58.9
82.6
Illiterate
36.4 38.4
36.2 41.9
24.3
52.7
41.1
17.4
37.3
Literate
24.8 13.2
7.5 17.1
5.1
6.7
6.9
34.5
27.3
Never married
27.3 36.7
36.9
38.9
41.5
44.9
45.9
20.2
14.8
Currently married
32.3 44.6
51.4 39.7
50.8
48.0
46.8
34.4
34.3
Marital dissolution
15.6 5.4
2.2
6.3
2.6
0.3
0.4
23.5
10.9
Others
30.3 31.2
26.8 37.2
NA
43.4
39.3
28.1
20.9
Cohabiting with husband/lover/main par
24.5 23.8
17.8 31.4
NA
25.0
32.6
26.0
37.1
Has husband/lover/boyfriend but not cot
45.2 44.9
55.4 31.4
NA
31.7
28.1
53.1
34.7
Others
48.7 60.0
58.4 65.4
44.8
56.5
79.8
71.6
51.8
35.6 52.0
51.9 57.3
48.4
64.1
67.9
32.2
56.2
Localite
64.4 48.0
42.7
48.1
35.9
51.6
43.8
32.1
67.8
Non localite
6.6 2.3
1.4
2.0
0.5
2.1
0.3
9.0
0.9
14.8
29.8
13.3
12.4
9.3
10.5
14.4
17.8
31.2
Table 2: Percent distribution of FSWs by sex work details and condom use by district and typology: IBBA-FSW
Number
Age at first sex
Age at start of sex work
Sex work duration
Number of clients per week
<=14
15-19
20+
Mean age at first sex
<=19
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
Mean age at start SW
< 2 year
2-4 years
5+ years
Mean duration of SW
Mean number of clients per day
<5
Typology________
District name
Total
Belgaum Bellary Shimoga Bangalore Urban Mysore Public plaq Home Brothel
217 2312
790
1305
429
676
394
386
427
36.1 34.0
37.0
31.1
30.5
23.5
29.0
55.2
46.0
53.3 53.5
52.7
54.1
56.6
58.3
56.4
49.4
41.5
10.6 12.5
14.7 10.1
12.8
18.0
14.6
4.6
3.3
15.8 16.0
16.3 15.8
16.8
16.1
16.5
14.8
15.0
33.0 22.6
18.8 24.4
14.9
14.2
14.9
41.2
42.1
30.9 26.9
27.8 24.4
31.5
24.0
29.5
24.2
32.8
20.2 24.7
26.3 24.0
29.4
27.2
25.7
20.4
16.0
12.8 15.7
16.7 15.2
14.7
20.8
20.0
6.6
8.1
3.1 10.1
10.4 11.9
9.6
13.9
9.9
3.0
5.2
22.8 25.1
25.6 25.0
25.5
26.9
21.4
21.9
26.1
27.6 24.3
25.4 21.9
25.4
33.2
15.6
12.5
20.9
25.7 32.2
36.7 28.3
40.3
36.6
31.3
22.6
15.7
46.7 43.5
37.8 49.8
34.3
30.1
68.7
47.8
64.9
6.2
5.9
6.9
5.0
4.5
3.9
5.7
10.4
9.1
3.8 2.6
2.2
2.6
2.5
2.6
2.7
1.9
3.3
11.6 26.8
24.5 34.4
28.7
21.2
53.2
15.2
27.5
5-9
10-14
15+
Mean # of clients per month
Number of regular clients for every 10 clients entertained
<3 clients
3-6 clients
6+ clients
Mean # of regular clients per 10 clients
Ever had anal sex
Partner type
Ever forced to sex
Can identify condom
Currently carry condom
Last source of condom
Has no main regular partner
Has main partner but not stay with him
Stays with the main regular partner
Peer/ORW
Client
Others
Never acquired condom
Had the experience of condom break last one month
Had an occasion in the past one month wanted to use condom but did not
Condom use by the last client
Condom use by the last occasional client
Condom use at last sex with regular client
Condom use in last sex with main partner
Condom use everytime with occasional client
Condom use everytime with regular client
Condom use in last sex with main partner
Consistent condom use with all partners
Consistent condom use with occasional clients
Consistent condom use with main regular partner
Heard of STI
Experienced any STI in the past 12 months
Currently experiences any STI
Ever heard of HIV/AIDS
KnowVCTC
Ever taken HIV test
Received any service from program
Have seen condom demonstration
Received education on STI/HIV/AIDS from NGO
Ever visited the clinic
Ever received grey pack
20.5
16.9
47.3
67.8
44.0
38.4
17.6
3.7
8.1
53.1
26.0
20.9
5.5
98.9
16.8
81.6
2.2
13.5
2.7
10.1
13.6
88.5
98.1
85.2
56.2
93.0
79.6
56.2
64.7
82.6
39.9
89.6
29.8
23.8
97.6
34.4
35.5
95.1
92.7
88.6
85.8
76.6
28.0
17.0
27.5
50.7
37.2
37.1
25.6
4.7
19.7
34.7
37.1
28.1
17.7
96.6
16.5
79.5
5.5
8.3
6.7
8.0
16.7
85.6
82.8
77.5
55.0
73.5
69.0
55.0
47.1
64.6
41.6
77.6
44.0
33.5
96.2
37.3
20.0
93.0
87.7
87.7
81.4
72.6
33.9
8.9
4.0
23.0
29.2
39.1
31.6
4.8
15.1
28.1
32.6
39.3
18.8
92.2
16.1
50.0
14.7
21.5
13.9
13.6
30.8
70.0
73.7
63.3
36.7
53.1
48.1
36.7
23.4
37.2
17.1
64.2
38.2
30.3
91.7
35.6
19.8
72.3
62.8
67.0
48.0
33.0
36.5
22.7
19.6
42.5
50.8
41.0
8.2
3.0
9.6
31.7
25.0
43.4
10.3
99.5
37.5
59.8
20.2
18.3
1.7
26.4
32.0
85.0
91.2
74.8
20.1
77.9
61.8
20.1
23.7
59.1
10.3
82.7
51.7
39.1
98.2
43.0
37.8
88.4
81.4
87.5
69.0
55.1
40.1
14.9
16.3
41.6
28.9
33.6
37.5
5.0
7.2
31.9
68.1
0.0
NA
NA
13.3
NA
NA
NA
NA
33.2
72.3
64.8
NA
51.7
6.5
NA
20.0
6.5
7.5
NA
1.7
NA
34.7
30.1
NA
NA
20.7
65.7
38.0
64.1
52.0
45.0
37.0
18.8
19.7
43.2
42.2
39.3
18.6
3.8
10.4
37.0
36.2
26.8
11.7
98.2
31.1
46.0
10.0
14.2
29.7
23.7
37.9
80.6
90.6
67.6
22.4
75.9
50.4
22.4
26.8
46.0
12.5
78.6
44.4
35.7
95.4
33.3
32.1
83.0
69.3
80.5
67.0
55.7
31.9
17.2
16.5
35.1
38.9
36.8
24.3
4.2
13.1
28.6
34.3
37.2
12.0
96.4
17.7
61.4
14.5
12.7
11.4
15.6
28.8
77.7
82.1
71.5
36.2
69.4
60.3
36.2
30.6
51.7
22.4
78.5
44.5
33.9
96.8
32.8
23.5
83.3
76.2
79.9
66.5
54.4
21.3 33.2
20.4 18.3
46.6 21.7
77.9 442
43.1 41.0
48.8 39.4
8.1 19.6
3.3
3.9
10.5 11.4
44.6 34.6
25.1 34.2
30.3 31.2
14.0 12.2
100.0 97.7
23.7 25.1
73.9 55.2
8.4 11.6
16.6 13.9
1.0 19.2
21.6 20.4
24.1 32.7
87.1 80.2
96.7 87.8
82.9 71.0
36.4 29.6
90.7 75.2
71.5 56.9
36.4 29.6
45.0 30.4
70.9 51.2
24.1 17.8
87.5 79.8
34.0 43.2
25.2 33.8
97.6 96.3
36.9 33.5
38.0 29.5
90.0 84.0
87.5 74.1
83.6 80.6
74.8 67.7
67.9 56.7|
Table 3: Prevalence of HIV by socio-demographic characteristics and by district and typology: IBBA-FSW
______ HSV2
Gonorrhea
High titre syphilis _____ Chlamidia
Active syphilis
HIV prevalence
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
67.2
2209
3.3
2277
6.4
2278
6.5
2205
10.6
16.6
2205
2277
Total
District
80.7
361
2.7
365
5.3
2.3
366.0
360.0
7.7
360.0
34.3
363
Belgaum
72.1
416
1.5
423
4.2
423.0
1.6
4.7
416.0
416.0
16.5
422
Bellary
58.1
386
1.7
393
393.0
5.3
1.7
386.0
386.0
3.1
9.5
390
Shimoga
65.8
653
3.5
669
6.3
8.1
669.0
654.0
654.0
11.1
11.1
673
Bangalore Urban
64.4
393
5.4
427
10.8
427.0
14.7
389.0
24.9
389.0
26.1
429
Mysore
Typology
68.2
1243
3.8
1288
6.6
1288
9.8
1239
15.6
1239
1294
18.6
Public places
64.7
770
1.9
5.6
786
786
3.2
769
769
5.0
11.5
782
Home
71.5
196
6.1
203
204
8.4
197
3.1
8.4
197
26.2
201
Brothel
Table 4.1: Prevalence of HIV by socio-demographic characteristics and by district and typology: IBBA-FSW
______ Typology
District name
Total
Age group
Educational status of respondents
Marital status
<25 years
25-34 years
35-44 years
45+ years
Illiterate
Literate
Never married
Currently married
Marital dissolution
Others
______ Brothel
_____ Total
Public places _______ Home
Mysore
Shimoga
Bangalore Urban
Bellary
Belgaum
Number
Percent Number Percent
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
11.5
201
26.2
2277
16.6
18.6
782
429
26.1
1294
9.5
673
11.1
16.5
390
363
34.3
422
14.4
71
469
17.9
25.0
133
17.8
26.2
265
9.0
148
11.5
84
27.7
71
30.5
101
65
1018
17.0
26.5
335
11.5
86
597
19.3
213
26.8
166
290
12.1
6.3
12.4
40.1
192
157
24.1
684
15.7
40
10.5
267
18.8
377
10.8
118
24.6
15.4
128
12.4
207
30.8
110
121
4
53.8
106
13.2
47
8.9
55
13.0
28
0.0
14
28.6
15.3
25
18.0
19
27.3
20
1465
32.5
491
12.7
124
19.1
20.9
324
850
27.8
234
11.3
312
11.4
300
18.3
33.9
295
73
13.9
12.6
286
9.8
792
433
14.9
10.3
104
21.2
13.9
154
7.2
347
120
67
35.0
47
26.4
110
12.6
262
16.2
105
15.6
40.9
10.7
31
43
22
6.6
86
14.4
80
23.7
58
16.6
829
11.5
283
6.9
488
14.1
305
7.3
178
23.6
14.3
173
6.6
115
58
30.2
69
27.6
1053
19.5
22.4
329
12.6
655
323
14.4
218
27.1
17.6
185
12.9
39.3
174
153
133
29.7
43.4
27
60
28.0
46
17.3
50.0
11
18.2
23.3
1
0.0
2
47
39.6
72
Cohabiting with
husband/lover/main partner
96
26.3
141
14.7
161
9.6
301
7.5
NA
NA
347
11.2
287
8.8
65
10.5
699
10.0
Has husband/lover/boyfriend
but not cohabiting
Others
Has source of income other than sex wo Yes
No
Localite
Locality
Non localite
Yes
Ever worked in Mumbai
No
Yes
Ever done sex work outside city
No
111
156
224
139
117
246
28
335
111
252
31.8
38.9
35.0
33.4
32.8
35.1
35.7
34.2
44.6
29.9
141
140
287
135
189
233
4
418
86
336
14.4
20.7
13.6
23.7
15.6
17.6
51.4
16.2
15.2
16.8
118
111
310
80
263
127
2
386
57
333
11.8
6.9
10.8
4.7
9.1
10.6
0.0
9.6
15.6
8.5
184
188
379
294
322
351
12
661
72
601
9.4
17.2
10.9
11.3
10.5
11.7
10.9
11.1
15.1
10.6
NA
NA
192
237
275
154
2
427
40
389
NA
NA
23.4
28.3
23.6
30.5
0.0
26.2
30.0
25.7
250
697
758
536
653
641
19
1274
198
1096
14.9
23.3
18.1
19.21
18.1
19.1
38.5
18.3
25.0
17.7
246
249
538
244
442
340
17
765
108
674
12.7
13.5
10.5
13.3
10.6;
12.7
17.7
11.4
17.5
10.6
58
78
96
105
22.1
40.4
23.1
29.9
20.9
29.2
15.7
26.9
32.3
23.9
554
1024
1392
885
1166
1111
48
2227
366
1911
14.6
22.3
15.4
18.5
15.1
18.3
24.2
16.5
23.8
15.4
Type of cohabiting partner
71
130
12
188
60
141
Table 4.2: Prevalence of HIV by sex work details and condom use by district and typology: IBBA-FSW
District name
Total
Age at first sex
<=14
15-19
20+
DK/No Answer
<=19
Age at start of sex work
20-24
25-29
30-34
35+
< 2 year
Sex work duration
2-4 years
5+ years
<5
Number of clients per week
5-9
10-14
15+
Number of regular clients for every 10 cl <3 clients
______ Typology
______Brothel
____ Total
Public places _______ Home
Shimoga
Bangalore Urban
Mysore
Bellary
Belgaum
Percent Number Percent
Number
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
2277
16.6
11.5
201
26.2
1294
18.6
782
673
11.1
429
26.1
16.5
390
9.5
34.3
422
363
61
35.4
802
20.5
21.4
303
16.0
33.6
438
153
15.9
131
7.5
206
14.3
118
194
36.2
9.9
120
21.3
1213
14.9
405
9.4
243
21.0
688
17.2
220
10.7
396
196
19.5
158
32.0
26.5
260
14.0
73
3.5
20
17.8
167
30.9
9.1
123
10.1
55
19
5.9
52
37.0
11
0.0
0.0
0
2
0.0
0.0
1
0.0
0.0
0
0.0
1
0.0
0
1
0.0
1
0
17.8
72
29.8
540
19.9
273
18.6
195
9.4
98
11.9
64
28.1
63
18.6
35.7
165
150
9.9
63
27.5
619
18.4
195
27.4
361
22.2
162
14.4
135
7.0
104
18.7
114
32.7
104
17.3
549
15.6
184
12.1
38
23.0
327
17.8
11.9
183
11.6
126
95
14.6
27.6
83
62
7.8
22
20.3
347
11.9
119
13.3
138
8.3
63
22.2
206
10.8
9.4
75
44
27
31.6
5.5
6
61.5
220
14.8
19.7
88
7.5
41
34.1
126
43
12.1
92
25
6.6
19
73.6
53
5.0
528
7.8
163
3.9
11.2
109
19.3
312
6.5
225
3.5
10.9
79
10.8
62
53
65
35.0
763
17.8
219
11.0
19.0
479
5.8
246
11.9
173
30.1
22.3
132
45.2
131
81
985
15.1
83
36.6
20.8
400
18.4
147
26.5
502
23.2
179
13.4
202
228
15.6
37.4
229
19
603
14.3
7.4
3.1
22.6
273
142
9.4
123
27.6
311
199
7.1
35.9
91
12.2
48
14.9
767
14.3
256
10.3
37
474
16.8
10.9
249
11.0
172
21.5
17.4
128
20.6
117
101
38
17.7
30.5
403
19.1
64
124
17.3
145
10.1
31.3
241
26.7
41
14.0
84
69
47.8
107
35.0
503
21.2
15.7
128
30.0
137
14.2
70
268
18.2
21.1
130
13.7
21
145
35.5
895
10.7
84
23.5
16.5
528
19.3
283
9.3
347
10.8
124
26.6
16.5
116
37.3
145
163
Ever had anal sex
3-6 clients
6+ clients
Yes
No
16.1
22.5
16.4
18.8
295
204
99
683
14.5
8.1
12.9
11.3
105
12
25
176
28.1
27.8
39.8
24.4
925
455
269
2008
17.2
15.6
17.3
16.5
137
33.6
438
23.1
218
13.5
76
40.3
732
22.3
9.4
292
22.6
509
19.3
277
12.7
60
22.8
846
17.0
301
72
601
0
669
3
0
244
429
174
489
7
217
456
578
95
617
48
8
151
451
99
380
188
99
380
522
150
368
230
58
335
7.5
14.7
10.7
0.0
0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
57
372
134
270
0
310
119
278
151
NA
NA
NA
207
222
19
273
137
19
273
NA
NA
86
343
2
215
0.0
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
NA
22.8
26.6
30.6
25.2
0.0
24.5
30.3
29.9
19.2
NA
NA
NA
22.7
29.3
21.1
22.7
33.6
21.1
22.7
NA
NA
32.6
24.5
0.0
22.3
347
125
791
0
897
18
0
366
928
292
955
12
505
789
1046
248
831
77
8
402
843
213
632
438
213
632
704
211
632
616
130
536
11.2
12.3
287
89
641
17.7
14.5
12
238
544
582
200
585
138
8
243
512
205
355
218
205
355
487
245
419
336
119
319
8.8
13.5
11.3
0.0
11.8
4.5
0.0
11.0
11.6
11.0
12.2
0.0
11.0
11.7
11.6
10.9
12.7
6.8
0.0
11.5
12.4
10.8
10.6
13.5
10.8
10.6
13.0
8.2
13.3
10.3
11.2
8.7
65
35
164
0
199
0
0
50
151
47
153
1
51
150
181
20
194
5
0
29
166
38
86
76
38
86
179
20
145
54
24
69
10.5
32.2
24.8
0.0
26.0
0.0
0.0
26.2
26.2
14.4
29.9
0.0
19.6
28.7
27.7
16.0
27.1
0.0
0.0
8.1
30.5
17.5
15.5
40.3
17.5
15.5
27.8
10.8
32.0
14.9
8.2
11.7
699
249
1596
2
1793
52
1
547
1730
445
1729
25
794
1483
1809
468
1610
220
16
674
1521
456
1073
732
456
1073
1370
476
1196
1006
273
924
10.0
16.0
14.7
0.0
14.9
11.3
0.0
15.8
16.9
17.5
16.7
12.1
18.0
15.9
16.9
15.3
15.5
9.1
19.7
15.4
17.3
14.0
13.6
22.3
14.0
13.6
15.7
12.4
17.6
15.7
13.2
11.9
92
99
380
6
153
520
401
272
54
431
11.2
6.5
75
19
273
0
32
397
0
429
5
24.0
21.1
22.7
0.0
50.0
24.2
0.0
26.1
20.0
22.6
18.5
17.8
15.4
13.8
20.8
17.8
14.6
21.9
16.9
15.8
10.7
16.2
126
205
355
4
224
558
379
403
122
442
167
565
15.7
10.8
10.6
14.8
13.7
10.5
13.0
9.9
13.0
10.0
9.2
12.2
32
38
86
1
78
123
138
63
23
102
28
171
31.1
17.5
15.5
0.0
39.8
18.0
30.4
17.8
16.7
15.9
9.5
28.6
347
456
1073
16
647
1630
1094
1183
276
1270
399
1448
18.7
14.0
13.6
13.5
20.5
15.0
16.2
17.1
14.7
13.5
9.9
16.2
36.6
19.2
28.7
34.9
185
92
73
349
17.0
15.7
16.1
16.6
170
104
60
330
12.4
6.2
13.7
8.8
278
46
70
603
11.2
16.2
10.5
144
161
31
398
156
38.9
140
20.7
111
6.9
188
17.2
11.8
184
9.6
Has no main regular partner
Has main partner but not
stay with him
Stays with the main regular
partner
Yes
Ever forced to sex
No
Missing
Yes
Can identify condom
No
No Answer
Yes
Currently carry condom
No
Had the experience of condom break las Yes
No
DK/No answer
Had an occasion in the past one month Yes
No
Yes
Condom use by the last client
No
Condom use by the last occasional clien Yes
No
Missing
Condom use at last sex with regular die No
Yes
Condom use in last sex with main part™ Yes
No
No main partner
Condom use in last sex with main part™ Yes
No
Condom use everytime with occasional Yes
No
Condom use everytime with regular clier Yes
No
Condom use everytime with main regula Yes
No
111
31.8
141
14.4
118
96
38
325
0
360
3
0
82
281
50
309
1
72
291
329
34
349
14
0
65
295
95
107
156
95
107
329
34
271
92
59
92
26.3
18.3
35.4
0.0
34.5
0.0
37.9
33.6
39.6
33.9
0.0
37.6
33.7
33.4
41.2
35.1
0.2
0.0
12.5
37.5
29.2
29.1
38.9
29.2
29.1
35.3
23.7
35.9
28.7
25.3
24.3
141
67
354
0
403
19
0
102
320
41
352
10
84
338
348
74
355
63
4
114
304
138
143
140
138
143
310
112
272
150
98
126
14.7
19.9
15.8
0.0
16.2
25.7
0.0
17.6
16.3
7.7
16.5
32.3
17.7
16.3
15.8
20.9
17.4
12.3
0.0
20.9
15.6
14.5
14.6
20.7
14.5
14.6
16.7
16.2
16.6
16.4
12.4
11.8
161
72
316
2
361
27
1
62
328
46
309
7
111
279
276
114
289
95
4
137
249
105
170
111
105
170
209
180
199
191
56
156
Not had sex last one week
Condom use in last sex with main partnt Yes
No
DK/No answer
Consistent condom use with all partners Yes
No
Consistent condom use with occasional Yes
No
Consistent condom use with main reguls Yes
No
No
Heard of STI
Yes
56
95
107
5
189
174
275
88
67
140
55
308
38.3
29.2
29.1
53.3
37.8
29.0
34.9
32.1
26.1
31.2
29.0
35.0
58
138
143
1
176
246
266
156
98
185
99
322
23.6
14.5
14.6
0.0
17.8
15.5
18.6
12.8
15.5
13.8
14.4
17.2
66
105
170
Partner type
25.8
26.1
525
239
145
1149
148
52
35
328
23.2
4
97
293
152
238
52
227
133
257
11.3
9.2
0.0
9.7
8.6
0.0
11.4
9.2
10.3
9.9
0.0
11.4
8.7
9.8
9.0
9.5
9.3
24.9
11.9
8.5
8.0
11.7
6.9
8.0
11.7
7.9
11.5
8.1
10.9
10.2
9.1
13.2
8.0
11.7
27.7
7.1
10.3
8.2
10.3
11.1
10.5
7.7
10.5
11.4
11.0
0.0
0.0
12.3
10.4
11.7
11.1
0.0
12.8
10.3
11.2
10.6
11.1
7.6
24.2
11.4
10.6
6.5
8.8
17.2
6.5
8.8
10.9
11.6
11.7
9.1
6.3
7.8
8.8
0.0
11.6
112
10.9
10.3
12.2
3.7
8.7
5.6
561
12.2
287
NA
NA
28.5
23.6
NA
NA
189
213
632
11
345
949
577
717
131
726
204
712
15.4
0.0
14.7
24.4
0.0
16.1
19.7
21.4
17.5
27.5
21.8
16.5
18.5
19.1
14.6
14.9
40.3
19.1
17.9
17.8
15.4
23.1
17.8
15.4
14.1
17.9
17.2
19.3
2
697
34
1
131
651
106
621
Experienced any STI in the past 12 mon Yes
No
Yes
Currently experiences any STI
No
Yes
Ever heard of HIV/AIDS
No
Yes
Ever taken HIV test
No
Yes
Received any service from program
No
Yes
Have seen condom demonstration
No
Received education on STI/HIV/AIDS fr< Yes
No
Yes
Ever visited the clinic
No
Yes
Ever received grey pack
No
130
233
100
263
353
10
117
246
346
17
331
32
324
39
303
60
266
97
36.4
33.2
36.2
33.6
35.3
0.2
37.0
32.9
35.8
9.8
36.3
13.4
37.5
7.9
36.2
24.7
36.2
28.8
202
220
164
258
402
20
84
338
371
51
334
88
351
71
315
107
304
118
20.9
12.9
24.4
12.4
16.9
8.3
19.3
15.8
16.4
18.5
16.4
17.7
15.9
22.6
15.8
19.8
17.6
13.5
154
236
118
272
354
36
85
305
287
103
250
140
268
122
201
189
144
246
8.8
10.0
7.0
10.6
9.4
11.0
15.2
8.1
9.9
8.6
10.1
8.6
9.8
9.1
8.1
10.9
6.8
10.9
363
310
276
397
657
16
252
421
589
84
547
126
584
89
463
210
375
298
11.0
11.2
10.6
11.4
11.2
3.3
16.1
8.1
11.4
8.7
10.8
12.3
11.3
9.2
11.6
9.8
11.5
10.6
149
280
129
300
NA
NA
89
340
282
147
163
266
275
154
223
206
193
236
30.2
23.9
27.1
25.7
NA
NA
32.6
24.4
29.8
19.0
28.8
24.4
29.5
20.1
27.8
24.3
28.0
24.6
584
710
466
828
870
47
373
921
1067
227
888
406
1031
263
869
425
746
548
18.5
18.6
17.8
19.0
15.2
10.2
23.1
16.4
19.5
14.0
18.4
19.0
19.5
14.9
19.4
16.9
19.6
17.4
342
440
269
513
704
28
182
600
634
148
571
211
605
177
497
285
406
376
14.0
9.4
15.0
9.7
11.9
2.2
13.9
10.7
11.9
9.6
11.8
10.3
11.8
10.4
11.6
11.3
12.5
10.2
72
129
52
149
192
7
72
129
174
27
166
35
166
35
139
62
130
71
18.9
30.8
17.2
29.8
26.6
7.1
29.2
24.5
28.0
11.8
27.8
16.4
29.0
10.5
29.0
18.7
29.1
20.6
998
1279
787
1490
1766
82
627
1650
1875
402
1625
652
1802
475
1505
772
1282
995
16.8
16.5
16.7
16.6
15.2
6.9
21.0
14.8
17.5
12.1
16.9
15.8
17.5
12.7
17.5
14.8
18.1
14.8
Table 5: Determinants of HIV prevalence
Category_______________________
Variable
<25 years
Age
25-34 years
35-44 years
45+ years
< 2 year
Duration in sex work
2-4 years
5+ years
Marital status
Never married
Currently married
Marital dissolution
Others
Education
Illiterate
Literate
Residence
Localite
Non localite
Sex work outside city
Ever done sex work outside city
Never done sex work outside city
Typology
Home
Public places
Brothel
Number of clients per week
<5
5-9
10+
Source of income
Has other source of income
Only sex work
Consistent condom use
Consistent condom user
Inconsistent condom user
Anal sex
Ever had anal sex
Never had anal sex
Partner type
Has no main regular partner
Has main partner but not stay with him
Stays with the main regular partner
Forced sex
Ever forced to have sex
Never forced to have sex
STI prevalence
Has any STI
No STI
Constant
Odds ratio Sig.
1.00000 0.05184
0.71061
0.51330 0.00081
0.45787 0.02213
1.00000 2.64721
0.00000
3.34353 0.00000
1.00000 1.01215 0.96107
1.18177 0.43364
1.45716 0.20154
1.00000 0.78535 0.07803
1.00000 1.30959 0.03383
1.00000 -0.73526 0.06441
1.00000 1.35620 0.04534
2.09735 0.00047
1.00000 0.86971
0.41660
1.09478 0.59355
1.00000 1.02177 0.87076
1.00000 0.82933 0.19343
1.00000 0.95575 0.81543
1.00000 0.00594
0.70018 0.01712
0.56076 0.00368
1.00000 1.11004 0.63232
1.00000 0.23512 0.00000
0.16105 0.00002
Table 6: Determinants of consistent condom use
Age
Duration is sex work
Marital status
Education
Residence
Sex work outside city
Typology
Number of clients per week
Source of income
Anal sex
Partner type
Forced sex
Condom demonstration
Odds ratio P
<25 years
25-34 years
35-44 years
45+ years
< 2 year
2-4 years
5+ years
Never married
Currently married
Marital dissolution
Others
Illiterate
Literate
Localite
Non localite
Ever done sex work outside city
Never done sex work outside city
Home
Public places
Brothel
<5
5-9
10+
Has other source of income
Only sex work
Ever had anal sex
Never had anal sex
Has no main regular partner
Has main partner but not stay with him
Stays with the main regular partner
Ever forced to have sex
Never forced to have sex
Has seen condom demonstration
Never seen condom demonstrtation
Constant
1.00000 0.79011
0.08690
0.76045
0.07134
1.25717
0.37218
1.00000 1.06435
0.63470
0.93113
0.59637
1.00000 0.68362
0.04123
0.46845
0.00000
1.60405
0.07895
1.00000 0.92678
0.44910
1.00000 0.01285
1.27725
1.00000 0.81088
0.13765
1.00000 1.25600
0.03333
1.17222
0.32393
1.00000 0.71074
0.00820
0.79240
0.07504
1.00000 1.24002
0.03566
1.00000 1.47423
0.01145
1.00000 0.60518
0.00006
0.55129
0.00004
1.00000 1.70049
0.00068
1.00000 0.51318
0.00000
1.87384
0.04790
Table 7: Percent of FSWs who have received education on STI/HIV/AIDS from the project, seen a condom demo, received condom by characteristics and clinic visit
Have seen condom
Received condom on STI/HIV/AIDS from
NGO______ Ever visited the clinic
from program
demonstration
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
67.7
2312
80.6
2312
77.4
1883
2312
74.1
Total
85.8
386
88.6
386
92.5
92.7
386
386
Belgaum
District name
81.4
427
87.7
427
89.2
427
427
87.7
Bellary
48.0
394
67.0
394
55.0
394
394
62.8
Shimoga
69.0
676
87.5
676
76.5
676
81.4
676
Bangalore Urban
52.0
429
64.1
429
0
0.0
429
38.0
Mysore
474
62.0
77.5
474
71.8
474
71.7
390
<25 years
Age group
71.0
1031
83.2
1031
81.3
818
76.3
1031
25-34 years
66.4
698
79.9
75.7
698
698
580
72.7
35-44 years
70.4
109
75.5
109
78.3
109
95
73.4
45+ years
63.0
533
77.2
533
424
69.6
533
69.7
< 2 year
Sex work duration
63.6
769
79.3
769
75.8
769
71.5
596
2-4 years
73.4
1009
83.6
82.7
1009
862
1009
78.5
5+ years
75.2
271
82.4
271
82.7
271
249
80.1
Never married
Marital status
837
63.3
80.5
75.7
837
837
73.2
659
Currently married
66.5
1061
78.7
1061
74.9
71.3
843
1061
Marital dissolution
143
89.1
93.2
143
93.8
132
143
88.7
Others
65.7
1492
79.0
1492
78.3
71.4
1168
1492
Illiterate
Educational status of respondents
70.6
800
800
83.1
76.3
78.0
696
800
Literate
66.9
1181
79.4
1181
77.2
1181
906
72.3
Localite
Locality
68.7
1131
82.0
77.7
1131
977
76.0
1131
Non localite
78.3
377
86.8
377
82.4
377
80.9
337
Ever done sex work outside city
Yes
65.9
1935
79.6
1935
76.5
72.9
1546
1935
No
67.0
1305
80.5
1305
76.7
69.3
928
1305
Public places
Typology
66.5
790
79.9
790
75.6
740
76.2
790
Home
74.8
217
83.6
217
85.4
217
87.5
215
Brothel
59.2
609
72.4
609
65.4
609
64.7
486
Number of clients per week
<5
66.7
775
82.1
775
78.4
72.8
603
775
5-9
74.3
927
927
85.0
84.3
793
81.5
927
10+
Has source of income other than sex
work
Yes
No
Consistent condom use with all partners Yes
No
Ever had anal sex
Yes
No
Has no main regular partner
Partner type
Has main partner but not stay with him
Stays with the main regular partner
Yes
Ever forced to sex
No
Missing
Yes
Any STI or HIV
No
1406
906
74.9
72.9
1214
669
76.7
78.7
1406
906
80.7
80.6
1406
906
67.8
67.7
1022
1290
271
2041
753
851
708
251
1629
432
1591
690
85.0
64.6
73.0
74.2
73.6
68.7
80.6
78.4
80.8
38.4
75.2
69.7
1016
867
240
1643
616
559
708
251
1629
3
1298
554
83.7
69.8
73.2
78.0
79.2
76.3
76.6
73.7
77.9
100.0
79.9
70.5
1022
1290
271
2041
753
851
708
251
1629
432
1591
690
87.6
74.5
79.6
80.8
80.6
78.2
83.4
81.8
83.8
64.3
82.6
77.5
1022
1290
271
2041
753
851
708
251
1629
432
1591
690
73.9
62.3
68.5
67.6
67.8
66.8
68.6
66.8
71.0
52.3
68.7
63.8
IBBA among MSMT in Bangalore: Key findings
Table If Distribution of Socio-demographic characteristics by personal identity
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Others
Total
Characteristics_____________________________
Age group
<24 years
42.8
40.6
50.4
38.1
44.3
29.4
23.4
25-29 years
35.5
22.5
27.8
14.4
21.3
23.6
30-39 years
12.1
16.8
11.8
40+ years
9.6
8.7
15.8
11.2
Age group
< 25
42.8
40.6
50.4
38.1
44.3
Number
131
92
64
34
25-34
35-44
45+
41.0
12.0
4.2
40.8
14.8
3.8
30.5
15.1
3.9
36.0
11.9
14.1
36.4
13.7
5.6
131
126
44
20
Age group
<25 years
25-34 years
35+ years
Age group
42.8
41.0
16.1
40.6
40.8
18.6
50.4
30.5
19.0
38.1
36.0
26.0
44.3
36.4
19.3
131
126
64
< 20
20-24
25-29
30-39
40+
12.7
30.1
35.5
12.1
9.6
2.0
38.6
29.4
21.3
8.7
2.0
48.5
23.4
14.4
11.8
4.2
33.9
22.5
23.6
15.8
5.3
39.0
27.8
16.8
11.2
14
117
92
64
34
90.2
9.2
0.6
70.8
22.3
6.9
77.9
22.1
0.0
64.2
35.0
0.9
77.5
20.8
1.8
244
73
4
98.4
1.6
97.5
2.5
94.4
5.6
94.7
5.3
96.2
3.8
309
12
24.8
12.3
11.8
49.6
1.6
27.5
12.8
15.3
41.9
2.5
41.5
20.9
16.0
15.9
5.6
17.9
23.8
9.3
43.8
5.3
30.2
17.3
13.6
35.1
3.8
63
55
43
148
12
64.5
35.5
12.6
87.4
99.6
0.4
10.9
89.1
57.2
42.8
132
189
10.9
6.4
34.8
16.9
31.0
18.4
8.1
6.7
3.3
63.5
10.7
10.1
12.7
63.4
3.1
14.0
23.4
12.2
6.3
44.1
12.9
10.9
17.3
28.8
30.1
44
38
57
46
136
80.9
4.6
14.5
0.0
63.7
12.3
24.0
0.0
74.8
7.9
14.9
2.4
52.2
16.1
31.7
0.0
70.4
9.3
19.5
0.8
222
38
59
77.4
22.6
107
75.5
24.5
86
47.4
52.6
56
55.4
44.6
72
62.7
37.3
321
207
114
321
Current marital status
Never married
Ever married
Missing
Residential status
Localite
Non localite
Duration of stay in the city
<5 years
5-10 years
11+ years
Since birth
Do not stay in the city
Source of income
Sex work
Others
With whom currently live
Living alone
Living with spouse/other female partner/male partner
Living with friend/colleague
Living with Guru
Living with family
Frequency of travel
Not at all
At least once a month
Not once a month, but at least once an year
No answer
Received injection from doctor/RM P/TMP
No
Yes
N
2
Characteristics________
Age at first anal sex
< 20 years
20+ years
Age at first vaginal sex
< 20 years
20+ years
Never had vaginal sex
DK/No answer
Place of solicitation
Home
Public places
Hamam
Table 2; Sexual behaviour characteristics by personal identity_______
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Others
Others
Sex work duration
< 5 year
5-9 year
10+ year
Not in sex work
Engaged in sex work
Engaged in sex work
Not in sex work
Type of sexual partner
Only men
Ever paid to have sex with a female
Yes
No
Have a main female sexual partner
No
Yes
N
No of STI symptoms in the past 12 months
None
One
Two or more____________________________
Total
Number
237
84
77.0
23.0
62.0
38.0
90.9
9.1
69.7
77.5
30.3
22.5
34.9
20.9
40.8
15.0
1.0
76.2
7.8
36.6
46.1
17.3
0.0
28.5
20.3
3.5
36.7
31.9
29.3
2.2
47.0
4.2
99
93
119
10
11.2
66.7
14.9
7.1
3.9
87.2
0.0
8.9
1.9
49.0
40.6
8.5
13.8
84.7
0.0
1.5
6.8
67.7
18.4
7.1
25
248
25
23
6.9
29.7
30.0
33.4
12.9
15.1
15.0
57.1
6.4
44.6
42.5
6.5
10.4
14.0
16.5
59.1
8.5
29.3
29.0
33.1
27
77
84
133
66.6
33.4
42.9
57.1
93.5
6.5
40.9
59.1
66.9
33.1
188
133
38.5
28.4
57.0
14.6
66.7
14.1
19.2
11.8
54.3
34.0
42.0
40.4
17.7
135
130
57
71.6
26.2
2.1
25.3
60.1
14.6
65.7
29.4
4.9
52.0
40.8
7.3
190
117
14
42.9
57.1
93.5
6.5
40.9
59.1
66.9
33.1
188
133
6.5
22.5
9.3
58.2
59.3
35.3
0.0
0.0
66.4
10.3
0.7
0.0
19.7
3.9
7.9
17.9
63.5
15.8
2.1
0.8
29
123
31
5
1
15.8
30.0
22.5
19.6
12.0
26.6
22.8
9.1
34.3
7.3
10.4
28.9
22.2
33.4
5.1
18.6
28.9
20.7
25.1
6.6
56
29.5
70.5
39.8
60.2
39.6
60.4
41.3
58.7
131
190
88.7
11.3
73.5
26.5
78.3
21.7
78.9
21.1
252
69
1.6
93.9
6.1
100.0
0.0
90.0
10.0
96.6
3.4
305
16
6.5
93.5
20.0
80.0
0.0
100.0
27.7
72.3
10.5
89.5
44
277
97.0
3.0
107
86.1
13.9
86
96.1
3.9
56
69.7
30.3
72
89.9
10.1
321
280
41
321
94.7
4.0
1.3
106
92.7
4.9
2.4
86
97.9
2.1
0.0
55
86.5
7.6
6.0
72
94.0
4.1
1.9
319
291
19
9
319
Men and women only
53.4
Men, women and Hijra
8.2
Number of anal sex partner in past one week prior to survey
63.2
< 3
3+
33.6
Missing
3.2
Ever received cash/gift in return for anal sex
Yes
66.6
No
33.4
Age when first sold sex
<15 years
18.2
15-19 years
62.1
20-24 years
14.7
25+ years
4.9
DK/No answer
0.0
Consumption of drinks last one month
Every Day
15.3
At lease once a week
36.2
Monthly, but not at least once a week
33.4
Never
12.4
DK/No answer
2.6
Have a main (regular) male sexual partner
Yes
53.4
No
46.6
Have regular non-paying partner other than main male partner
Yes
78.8
No
21.2
Had anal intercourse with Hijra
98.4
No
Yes
Total
89
79
76
21
Table 3: Condom use by personal identity_____
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Characteristics__________________
Ever used condom
83.6
77.5
98.0
Yes
16.4
22.5
2.0
No
Condom use in last anal intercourse
2.0
18.6
24.4
No
81.4
75.6
98.0
Yes
Experience of condom break last 6 months
8.4
Yes
22.9
17.3
No
82.7
91.6
77.1
Ever used lubricants
28.9
45.5
Yes
32.5
71.1
No
67.5
54.5
N
107
86
56
Condom use at last sex with main male/hijra regular partner
Yes
88.3
82.4
70.5
No
29.5
11.7
17.6
Total
58
20
26
Condom use everytime with male/hijra regular partners
Yes
80.8
65.3
78.5
No
19.2
34.7
21.5
N
107
86
56
Condom use everytime with known (regular) male partner
Yes
82.4
63.9
95.7
No
17.6
36.1
4.3
Total
73
64
29
Condom use in last sex with known (regular) male partner
No
41.0
43.7
56.0
Yes
59.0
56.3
44.0
N
107
86
56
Condom use everytime with partner you dont know or recognize (new)
Yes
83.9
57.2
98.0
No
16.1
42.8
2.0
Total
100.0
100.0
100.0
Condom use in last sex with unrecognised man
No
26.2
42.0
33.2
Yes
73.8
58.0
66.8
N
107
86
56
Condom use everytime with female regular partner
Yes
43.1
15.5
NA
No
56.9
NA
84.5
Total
7
16
NA
Condom use at last sex with main female regular partner
Yes
43.1
15.5
NA
No
56.9
74.8
NA
DK/No answer
0.0
9.7
NA
Condom use at last sex with all partners (male and female)
Yes
54.5
29.1
72.8
No
45.5
27.2
70.9
N
107
86
56
Consistent condom use with main male partner
Yes
79.2
57.5
68.2
No
20.8
31.8
42.5
Total
58
20
26
Consistent condom use with all male partner
Yes
74.9
56.9
75.1
No
25.1
43.1
24.9
N
107
86
56
Consistent condom use with female main partner
Yes
43.1
NA
15.5
NA
No
84.5
56.9
Total
7
NA
16
Consistent condom use with all partners (maile and female)
Yes
72.1
48.5
70.3
No
27.9
51.5
29.7
N
107
86
56
Others
Total
Number
77.7
22.3
86.5
13.5
267
54
25.5
74.5
15.1
84.9
62
259
17.9
82.1
17.0
83.0
263
45.4
54.6
72
36.1
63.9
321
126
195
321
71.6
28.4
27
78.7
21.3
131
103
28
131
49.5
50.5
72
71.5
28.5
321
221
100
321
67.3
32.7
38
78.9
21.1
204
156
48
204
57.8
42.2
72
49.7
321
156
165
321
65.2
34.8
100.0
80.3
19.7
100.0
178
60
238
51.3
48.7
72
36.2
63.8
321
116
205
321
19.3
80.7
26
20.7
79.3
49
11
38
49
29.0
68.5
2.5
25.7
69.4
4.9
33
19.8
80.2
72
49.9
50.1
321
135
186
321
63.9
36.1
27
69.7
90
41
131
45.0
72
66.3
33.7
321
118
321
19.3
80.7
20.7
79.3
11
38
26
49
49
33.3
60.1
39.9
321
179
142
321
55.0
66.7
72
50.3
30.3
131
58
14
2
203
Table 4: Program exposure by personal identity
Characteristics_______________________________
Kothis
DDs
Hijra
Ever contacted by the NGO staff
Yes
79.8
62.6
64.7
No
20.2
37.4
35.3
Ever given condom by NGO staff
Yes
76.4
57.1
62.7
No
3.4
5.6
3.9
Never contacted by the NGO staff
20.2
37.4
33.3
Condom given
Yes
76.4
62.7
57.1
No
23.6
42.9
37.3
Ever given lubircants by the NGO staff
Yes
64.2
25.8
36.1
No
15.6
36.9
30.6
Never contacted by the NGO staff
20.2
37.4
33.3
Personal Identity
Kothi
100.0
0.0
0.0
AC/DC/DD
0.0
100.0
0.0
Hijra
0.0
0.0
100.0
Others
0.0
0.0
0.0
Ever received a blue packets with 7 tablets at the clinic
Yes
57.1
34.2
34.3
No
6.9
3.3
0.0
Contacted by staff, but never visited the clinic
15.8
25.2
30.4
Never contacted by the staff
20.2
37.4
35.3
Lubricant given
Yes
64.2
25.8
36.1
No
35.8
74.2
63.9
N
107
86
56
Others
Total
Number
78.8
21.2
70.7
29.3
233
88
71.4
7.3
21.2
66.7
4.7
28.6
218
16
87
71.4
28.6
66.7
33.3
218
103
40.6
38.2
21.2
42.3
29.1
28.6
145
89
87
0.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
27.0
21.1
35.4
16.5
107
86
56
72
56.2
7.2
15.4
21.2
44.1
3.7
22.9
29.3
168
15
50
88
40.6
59.4
72
42.3
57.7
321
145
176
321
Table 5: HIV prevalence by Socio-demographic characteristics and Personal identity_____
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Other
Total
Characteristics
Age of respondents
19.4
22.0
18.2
17.6
<24 years
7.0
25.1
5.8
37.6
7.1
21.4
25-29 years
9.5
21.3
19.0
6.3
13.7
30-39 years
20.2
40+ years
12.0
43.1
57.2
30.4
Age group
< 25
25-34
35+
Number
129
88
63
30
19.4
22.5
21.1
22.0
5.8
27.5
18.2
27.5
27.6
7.0
8.6
31.9
17.6
17.5
27.2
129
122
59
15.5
21.1
25.1
21.3
12.0
0.0
23.1
5.8
9.5
43.1
0.0
18.9
37.6
19.0
20.2
0.0
7.9
7.1
6.3
57.2
10.1
18.7
21.4
13.7
30.4
14
115
88
63
30
18.2
27.5
35.8
0.0
7.0
8.6
7.2
58.2
17.6
17.5
28.4
24.2
129
122
42
17
21.6
26.4
7.9
25.1
16.2
27.0
239
67
20.7
52.1
14.3
0.0
18.6
37.2
298
12
19.2
25.6
21.7
16.2
52.1
17.2
6.3
30.5
14.6
0.0
19.3
17.4
19.7
18.1
37.2
59
54
40
145
12
22.7
0.0
0.0
15.0
23.8
13.6
124
186
0.0
27.2
36.9
23.8
0.0
36.0
15.9
12.2
0.0
6.7
11.5
18.6
21.8
23.9
17.4
42
37
56
43
132
29.1
0.0
5.9
6.8
0.0
30.5
23.3
4.1
13.3
215
37
56
17.9
26.9
22.6
5.8
23.1
13.5
17.0
23.2
19.3
199
111
310
Age group
< 20
20-24
25-29
30-39
40+
Age group
< 25
19.4
22.0
25-34
22.5
5.8
35-44
23.9
34.5
45+
14.0
0.0
Current marital status
Never married
21.2
5.0
Ever married
20.0
33.7
Residential status
Localite
21.3
15.0
Non localite
0.0
73.7
Duration of stay in the city
<5 years
12.6
27.5
5-10 years
19.0
9.1
11+ years
8.1
23.0
Since birth
28.9
6.0
Do not stay in the city
0.0
73.7
Source of income
Sex work
24.9
45.0
Others
14.1
12.3
With whom currently live
Living alone
2.8
19.0
Living with a partner
0.0
27.2
Living with family
21.0
0.0
Living with friend/colleague
33.6
0.0
Other
20.0
22.0
Frequency of travel
Not at all
22.4
24.3
At least once a month
15.9
6.7
Not once a month, but at least once an year
15.1
0.0
Received injection from medical doctor/ nurse/RMP/TMP in last one year
No
18.2
Yes____________________________________ ________________ 30.0
Total
21.0
20.9
3.3
16.5
Table 6: HIV prevalence by sexual behaviour and Personal identity
Characteristics_________________________________________ Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Other
Age at first anal sex
< 20 years
22.2
20.5
22.7
10.0
20+ years
17.0
10.1
21.6
22.5
Age at first vaginal sex
< 20 years
24.9
24.6
0.0
12.9
20+ years
30.4
20.6
0.0
19.4
Never had vaginal sex
15.1
3.5
28.8
0.0
Place of solicitation
Home
11.9
0.0
0.0
17.3
Public places
23.0
19.0
26.5
11.3
Hamam
15.8
12.3
Others
25.5
85.1
0.0
100.0
Engaged in sex work
Engaged in sex work
24.6
23.8
23.3
16.6
Not in sex work
14.2
11.2
0.0
11.4
Type of sexula partners
Only men
10.9
3.6
29.7
0.0
Men and women only
27.1
22.6
0.0
11.9
Men, women and Hijra
32.3
18.3
17.6
20.5
Number of anal sex partner in past one week prior to survey
<3
17.2
17.9
22.1
17.9
3+
27.5
2.1
22.7
0.0
Missing
25.6
31.7
32.7
0.0
Ever received cash/gift in return for anal sex
Yes
24.6
23.3
23.8
16.6
No
14.2
11.2
0.0
11.4
Age when first sold sex
<15 years
22.9
0.0
0.0
7.0
15-19 years
20.4
37.7
28.3
6.1
20-24 years
46.9
3.7
25.0
43.1
25+ years
0.0
15.5
0.0
100.0
Consumption of drinks last one month
Every Day
37.0
17.3
25.1
26.2
At lease once a week
13.7
25.1
15.3
5.8
Monthly, but not at least once a week
25.1
43.6
15.8
10.3
Never
14.2
25.5
5.9
20.6
DK/No answer
0.0
12.9
0.0
0.0
Have a main (regular) male sexual partner
Yes
7.8
28.0
33.1
22.9
No
13.1
22.5
9.5
17.2
Male sexual partner other than main partner
Yes
18.2
14.0
21.1
15.1
No
31.2
36.1
28.6
7.4
Had anal intercourse with Hijra
No
20.9
16.7
22.6
15.1
Yes
13.5
27.3
0.0
0.0
Ever paid to have sex with a female
Yes
No
Have a main female sexual partner
No
Yes
No of STI symptoms in the past 12 months
None
One
Two or more
Number of Current STI symptoms
None
One
Two or more
Total
Total
Number
20.2
16.3
229
81
17.4
22.5
20.3
96
89
116
11.1
20.3
12.9
37.5
25
239
24
22
23.0
11.8
179
131
19.2
18.9
20.4
104
149
57
18.9
18.4
28.5
184
113
13
23.0
11.8
179
131
10.6
25.4
26.8
28.7
27
120
27
5
26.5
15.5
23.2
19.0
4.9
52
85
79
73
21
23.9
16.3
125
185
17.7
26.4
246
64
19.7
8.6
294
16
20.2
21.0
17.5
16.3
0.0
22.6
3.1
17.7
11.5
20.3
43
267
21.2
14.6
14.7
29.2
23.6
0.0
11.8
17.2
19.5
17.8
270
40
21.0
29.6
0.0
16.7
16.7
0.0
24.0
0.0
13.0
29.1
0.0
19.9
21.0
0.0
281
19
8
18.8
0.0
0.0
21.0
0.0
0.0
100.0
16.5
0.0
0.0
8.5
100.0
0.0
22.6
13.5
10.1
8.6
38.0
19.3
21
8
3
310
Table 7: HIV prevalence by condom use and Personal identity_______
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Other
Characteristics
Ever used condom
23.1
12.8
23.2
20.1
Yes
0.0
16.0
9.8
4.6
No
Condom use in last anal intercourse
18.4
4.2
8.6
0.0
No
23.9
20.5
23.1
11.8
Yes
Experience of condom break last 6 months
0.0
22.7
8.3
Yes
19.5
21.4
18.1
22.6
14.7
No
Ever used lubricants
15.2
13.0
11.0
27.5
Yes
No
23.9
19.3
27.9
1.9
Condom use at last sex with main male/hijra regular partner
26.4
40.1
Yes
28.5
5.5
25.0
0.0
11.9
13.2
No
Condom use everytime with male/hijra regular partners
23.4
Yes
23.1
23.2
5.0
No
12.2
19.2
3.1
21.3
Condom use everytime with known (regular) male partner
25.7
Yes
24.7
7.9
4.5
No
12.5
3.9
18.1
Condom use in last sex with known (regular) male partner
No
8.5
36.1
15.9
16.6
Yes
24.6
22.9
7.9
8.9
Condom use everytime with partner you dont know or recognize (new)
Yes
20.4
12.6
22.7
2.5
No
20.3
3.4
57.9
27.1
Condom use in last sex with unrecognised man
No
21.7
26.0
20.6
15.9
Yes
23.4
20.7
9.5
10.8
Condom use everytime with female regular partner
Yes
19.3
60.9
0.0
No
16.0
15.4
24.8
Condom use at last sex with main female regular partner
Yes
19.3
60.9
0.0
No
16.0
14.2
18.2
DK/No answer
100.0
0.0
Condom use at last sex with all partners (maile and female)
Yes
26.2
21.4
19.5
19.0
No
15.1
27.1
15.3
12.2
Consistent condom use with main male partner
Yes
23.7
57.6
23.5
0.0
No
44.5
0.0
21.3
20.8
Consistent condom use with all male partner
Yes
23.6
19.8
23.8
5.6
No
12.7
35.2
6.9
19.6
Consistent condom use with female main partner
Yes
19.3
60.9
0.0
No
16.0
24.8
15.4
Consistent condom use with all partners (maile and female)
Yes
21.1
23.8
21.1
2.8
No___________________________________________________
20.6
27.4
9.5
18.4
Total
21.0
16.5
22.6
13.5
)
Total
Number
21.0
9.2
257
53
9.4
21.1
61
249
16.4
19.9
57
253
15.9
21.3
123
187
26.5
13.5
99
26
21.2
14.0
215
95
16.9
9.8
151
46
22.0
16.8
151
159
18.4
15.2
175
58
21.1
18.4
110
200
24.4
19.0
10
37
19.3
16.5
73.7
13
32
2
22.4
16.1
130
180
24.7
22.1
87
38
20.2
17.5
197
113
24.4
19.0
10
37
20.0
18.1
19.3
174
136
310
Table 8: HIV prevalence by program exposure and personal identity
Characteristics____________________________________
Kothis
DPs
Hijra
Other
Ever contacted by the NGO staff
Yes
22.2
23.0
19.2
16.9
No
15.9
5.9
28.2
0.0
Ever given condom by NGO staff
Yes
23.3
21.9
19.2
13.9
No
0.0
46.4
33.5
0.0
Never contacted by the NGO staff
15.9
5.9
29.8
0.0
Condom given
Yes
19.2
23.3
21.9
13.9
No
28.2
13.5
9.5
12.6
Ever given lubircants by the NGO staff
20.4
20.8
27.6
13.3
Yes
6.1
No
29.5
24.5
20.9
Never contacted by the NGO staff
15.9
5.9
29.8
0.0
Ever received a blue packets with 7 tablets at the clinic
10.4
21.6
27.6
14.7
Yes
20.8
33.0
No
25.1
8.1
17.4
25.7
39.3
Contacted by staff, but never visited the clinic
28.2
Never contacted by the staff
15.9
5.9
0.0
Lubricant given
20.4
27.6
20.8
13.3
Yes
13.6
22.0
15.1
19.7
No________________________________________________
21.0
16.5
22.6
13.5
Total
Total
Number
20.4
16.7
226
84
20.0
23.9
17.1
212
15
83
20.0
17.9
212
98
21.4
18.4
17.1
141
86
83
19.9
25.7
20.6
16.7
165
14
47
84
21.4
17.8
19.3
141
169
310
k
IBBA among Clients of FSWS: Key findings
Table 1: Profile of clients- Percent of clients according to background details by district and place from where they pick FSWs
District
Number
<25
Age group
25-34
35+
<20
Age group
20-24
25-29
30-34
35-39
40-44
45+
Mean age
Never married
Marital status
Currently married
Separated/Divorced/Widowed
Yes
Currently cohabiting
No
Is cohabiting with partner among never married Yes
No
Illiterate
Education status
Primary complete
Middle complete
Secondary*
Transport worker
Main occupation
Service (govt/pvt)
Business/shop owner
Labor
Others
Place of interview and usual place of residence ss Localite
Non localite
Spouse lives with the respondent
Location of spouse
Spouse lives elsewhere
Not currently married/cohabiting
No answer
No at all
Frequency of travel outside
At lease once a month
Once in 2-6 months
Once or twice a year
No answer
Travelled and had sex
Sex while traveling in past one year
Travelled but not had sex
Not travelled
Number travelled in the past one year
Yes
Bought sex during travel in the past one year
No
1
Number of places travelled in the past year
2
3+
Place of solicitation
Brothel/
hotel/lodge/
Bangalore Public
Home
Dhaba
place
Shimoga Urban
Belgaum Bellary
778
343
823
684
424
426
410
26.1
34.8
29.7
24.9
41.4
22.8
32.5
43.4
38.8
40.0
42.9
33.7
45.1
41.5
30.4
26.3
30.4
32.3
32.0
24.9
26.0
3.0
7.9
4.3
2.6
3.3
7.1
6.8
23.1
26.9
25.4
22.2
19.5
25.4
34.6
22.7
25.3
25.8
25.0
20.4
23.9
26.7
20.7
13.5
14.2
17.9
21.2
14.8
13.3
12.8
12.8
13.8
12.4
15.1
11.0
11.9
7.5
7.3
8.0
8.7
7.5
6.5
7.9
10.2
6.2
8.6
9.7
11.0
7.1
6.5
31.1
29.2
30.3
31.2
31.7
28.6
29.6
36.0
42.0
35.7
38.4
37.9
33.6
36.3
62.2
56.4
62.1
60.1
60.7
65.0
60.3
1.8
1.6
2.2
1.5
1.4
3.4
1.4
67.2
64.4
67.7
65.4
66.4
69.8
67.9
32.8
35.6
32.3
34.6
30.2
33.6
32.1
13.5
19.0
14.7
12.9
14.4
14.7
20.7
86.5
81.0
85.3
87.1
85.3
85.6
79.3
20.3
20.5
27.8
19.4
24.1
30.4
24.1
28.6
30.8
25.8
26.5
26.9
35.7
25.2
15.7
12.5
14.6
17.7
16.1
12.3
10.1
35.3
36.3
31.8
38.0
31.2
38.4
23.8
26.6
32.0
29.6
29.2
29.8
26.4
29.0
14.7
16.1
15.5
19.7
7.8
8.2
20.2
13.7
13.5
8.5
13.2
14.3
10.0
8.0
36.3
30.1
41.0
29.0
41.5
51.6
33.9
8.6
8.3
5.4
8.8
5.8
6.6
7.0
93.7
90.6
92.6
93.4
94.1
98.3
85.1
6.3
9.4
7.4
6.6
1.7
14.9
5.9
65.8
61.3
65.7
62.6
68.4
65.8
65.7
1.4
3.1
1.8
2.8
0.6
1.0
2.1
32.8
35.6
32.3
34.6
33.6
30.2
32.2
0.0
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.0
44.1
42.1
41.1
39.2
36.6
52.5
44.5
9.2
12.5
9.0
7.6
9.6
7.4
15.0
20.1
17.5
19.0
22.0
19.1
20.8
15.8
26.7
27.5
30.9
31.9
33.8
32.4
11.6
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
27.5
29.3
29.4
28.4
28.4
35.7
23.7
28.4
28.5
29.4
32.3
11.7
35.0
31.7
44.1
42.3
41.2
39.4
36.6
52.5
44.5
433
206
476
258
417
214
226
49.2
50.7
50.0
44.7
46.8
75.3
42.8
50.8
49.3
50.0
53.2
24.7
55.3
57.2
47.4
47.4
46.3
45.2
30.2
53.3
57.1
31.9
27.9
34.5
30.9
28.8
35.3
33.3
20.7
24.8
19.1
11.4
23.8
40.9
9.6
Total
1944
29.3
41.2
29.5
4.5
24.8
24.4
16.8
13.2
7.6
8.8
30.4
37.2
60.9
1.9
66.8
33.2
15.3
84.7
23.1
28.1
14.6
34.3
28.8
15.3
11.8
36.7
7.4
92.6
7.4
64.8
1.9
33.2
0.1
42.6
9.8
19.1
28.4
0.1
28.6
28.8
42.6
1115
49.8
50.2
47.0
32.0
21.0
Table 2: Sexual behaviour/sex work details - Sexual behaviour and sex work details
PI a ce of solicitatio n
Brothel/
Bangalore Public
hotel/lodge/
place
Dhaba
Home
Shimoga Urban
Belgaum Bellary
343
778
426
684
823
424
410
4.0
2.4
4.1
4.6
2.3
2.5
5.8
15.0
8.7
12.9
11.6
10.2
10.1
9.6
27.9
26.8
32.7
27.3
34.7
25.1
33.6
41.4
44.0
48.4
44.9
45.8
50.9
40.1
11.0
9.6
11.5
11.5
11.3
6.8
10.8
19.8
20.1
20.3
20.4
20.1
19.7
19.9
6.8
7.5
8.8
3.3
9.1
8.3
7.3
20.9
27.9
23.3
21.5
19.3
34.0
25.8
51.6
48.3
50.3
55.5
48.3
49.2
50.7
20.6
17.6
19.5
23.3
16.2
8.4
16.2
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.0
0.2
0.0
21.1
21.3
21.8
21.8
22.1
20.1
21.1
28.9
36.4
29.7
25.1
29.9
40.6
33.0
22.7
21.7
25.4
24.9
19.2
22.9
24.2
49.4
44.9
40.9
50.9
50.1
36.5
42.8
10.8
10.5
9.1
11.3
11.0
8.9
9.6
60.6
64.3
58.0
57.2
77.2
47.2
63.6
25.7
26.0
28.3
28.8
34.6
18.1
25.6
14.0
13.3
9.7
4.7
13.5
18.2
10.8
0.0
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.8
1.8
1.3
1.6
14.9
18.0
21.7
13.0
12.5
5.1
22.5
20.8
23.0
23.1
31.5
21.0
18.7
19.4
33.9
35.4
35.3
40.1
32.6
36.4
45.3
23.5
30.7
26.6
28.3
14.2
30.9
21.8
4.3
4.0
3.8
4.7
4.2
2.9
3.6
6.4
13.3
12.3
6.8
2.4
5.1
13.6
39.5
37.1
50.4
32.5
35.8
39.6
32.6
29.8
32.1
31.8
36.1
30.8
37.2
33.8
21.3
24.3
17.5
13.7
23.3
20.8
20.0
66.9
58.2
69.4
63.1
88.2
45.9
76.0
29.2
28.1
34.1
36.7
11.5
49.8
22.7
2.6
2.8
5.1
4.0
4.2
0.3
1.3
34.9
38.0
44.0
32.6
12.2
24.7
56.3
65.1
67.4
62.0
87.8
56.0
43.7
75.3
10.2
8.5
9.2
4.6
15.0
4.4
7.6
89.8
91.5
90.8
95.4
85.0
95.6
92.4
68.0
69.3
65.5
67.9
70.0
66.9
68.1
30.7
34.5
32.0
32.1
33.1
30.0
31.9
District
Number
Age at first sex
Age at first paid sex
Duration since first paid sex
Mean duration since first paid sex
Number of different FSWs had sex in the past one month
Mean number of FSWs in the past one month
Number of different FSWs had sex in the past six month
Mean number of different FSWs in the past six month
Number of occasional FSW partner in the past 6 months
Number of regular FSW partner in the past 6 months
Paid for sex with regular FSW
Ever had anal sex with FSW
Have a steady female sexual partner
Had other non-regular, non-commercial partner in the past
one year
Number of other non-regular, non-commercial partners in
the past year
Mean number of other non-regular, non-commercial partner
last year
<=15 years
16-17 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25+ years
Mean age at first sex
<18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25+ years
DK/No answer
Mean age at first paid sex
<5 years
5-9 years
10+ years
1
2
3+
No answer
1
2
3-4
5+
0
1-2
3-4
5+
0
1-2
3+
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Total
1944
3.8
11.1
29.5
44.9
10.6
20.1
7.5
24.0
50.1
18.4
0.1
21.5
30. &
23.3
46.0
10.3
60.9
26.9
12.0
0.1
1.6
15.4
22.2
36.8
25.6
4.0
9.5
37.1
33.0
20.4
65.8
31.0
3.2
35.7
64.3
9.4
90.6
68.0
32.0
Yes
No
17.5
82.5
8.0
92.0
24.8
75.2
24.8
75.2
19.8
80.2
14.4
85.6
23.2
76.8
20.1
79.9
None
1-2
3+
No answer
82.5
16.1
1.4
0.0
92.0
7.5
0.6
0.0
75.2
20.7
4.1
0.0
75.6
21.5
2.9
0.1
80.2
17.6
2.1
0.1
85.6
13.2
1.2
0.0
77.1
19.9
3.0
0.0
80.1
17.6
2.3
0.0
0.3
0.1
0.5
0.6
0.5
0.2
0.4
0.4|
District
Belgaum
Had anal sex with a man or a hijra in the last six months
Number of male/hijra partners in the past 6 months
Mean number of male/hijra partner last six months
Number of paid male/hijra partners in the past 6 months
Mean number of times had anal sex with male/hijra six
months
____________ ___ _______ __
8.0
92.0
92.0
6.2
1.8
0.2
92.4
5.9
1.6
0.1
0.2
6.0
94.0
94.0
4.9
1.1
0.1
94.0
4.9
1.1
0.0
0.1
6.9
93.1
93.2
6.3
0.6
0.1
93.5
6.0
0.5
0.0
0.1
7.1
92.9
92.9
6.0
0.1
14.2
85.8
85.8
11.7
2.5
0.3
86.3
11.6
2.1
0.0
0.2
97.6
2.3
0.2
96.7
2.5
0.7
98.5
1.5
0.0
85.8
11.0
3.2
92.0
5.6
2.5
94.0
4.7
1.4
93.1
6.3
0.6
92.9
5.7
1.4
0.0
0.1
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.2
2.4
97.6
97.6
None
1-2
3+
No answer
97.6
2.1
1-2
3+
Total
1.5
98.5
98.5
1.5
0.0
0.0
99.0
1.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Yes
No
None
1-2
3+
Mean number of paid male/hijra partner last six months
Number of times had anal sex with male/hijra partners in the
None
past 6 months
Shimoga
Bellary
Place of solicitation
Brothel/
hotel/lodge/
Bangalore Public
Home
Dhaba
place
Urban
2.3
0.2
0.0
0.3
0.0
0.0
3.3
96.7
96.9
2.7
0.4
0.1
96.9
2.3
0.7
0.0
1.1
0.1
93.2
5.8
1.0
0.0
0.1
Table 3: Condom use - Percent of distribution of clients by condom use with different partners
|
District
Number
Condom use at last sex with occasional FSW
Condom use everytime with occasional FSW
Condom use at last sex with regular FSW
Number
Condom use everytime with regular FSW
Number
Reson for not using condom last sex
No available
Dont like using condom
Used condom everytime
Others
No answer
Number
Everytime condom use during anal sex with FSW
Number
Never had an occasion in the past 6 months when not
used condom
Number
Everytime condom use with main regular partner
Number
Last time condom use with non-regular, non
commercial partner
Number
Used condom at last sex with male/hijra partner
Number
Everytime condom use with male/hijra partner
Number
Carry condom at the time of interview
Consistent condom use with occasional FSW
Consistent condom use with regular FSW
Consistent condom use during anal sex
Consistent condom use with main regular partner
Consistent condom use with non-paid casual partner
Consistent condom use with all partners
Consistent condom use occasional/regular partner
Circumcised
Place of solicitation
Brothel/
Bangalore Public
hotel/lodge/
Belgaum Bellary
Shimoga Urban
place
Dhaba
Home
356
412
402
593
770
320
673
68.2
67.7
55.1
64.9
59.8
73.1
64.5
49.7
40.6
56.4
40.6
48.0
39.1
45.6
58.3
57.1
48.5
65.3
56.2
55.7
62.4
227
284
101
52
293
105
284
43.6
32.8
37.2
42.2
51.3
42.3
50.7
424
410
426
684
823
343
778
Total
1763
64.7
45.5
58.9
673
44.3
1944
9.6
35.0
46.4
8.7
0.4
34
57.9
410
15.4
42.4
39.9
1.8
0.5
19
47.0
424
7.4
44.2
39.9
8.2
0.3
20
31.2
426
18.9
24.3
45.3
8.9
2.5
104
45.5
684
17.2
35.9
37.3
8.7
0.8
82
38.2
823
13.9
30.5
51.3
4.3
0.1
29
59.3
343
11.7
33.2
45.3
7.7
2.2
66
48.0
778
14.1
33.6
43.7
7.3
1.2
177
46.3
1944
51.9
280
6.8
72
38.6
304
3.6
35
41.2
281
1.7
101
50.1
456
5.4
159
42.7
578
4.3
150
52.7
223
5.9
48
47.4
520
4.3
169
46.8
1321
4.6
367
39.8
10
39.5
10
28.7
410
14.4
49.7
43.6
57.9
6.8
20.8
13
41.0
13
25.3
424
18.7
40.5
32.5
47.0
3.6
37.8
6
24.9
6
24.9
426
7.4
40.6
42.2
31.2
1.7
25.5
86
64.7
86
55.3
684
26.8
48.0
51.3
45.5
5.4
24.9
63
58.3
63
49.3
823
15.9
39.0
37.2
38.2
4.3
38.5
20
68.0
20
49.3
343
24.5
56.4
42.3
59.3
5.9
33.0
32
56.0
32
49.8
778
18.6
45.6
50.5
48.0
4.3
30.9
115
59.1
115
49.5
1944
18.9
45.5
44.2
46.3
4.6
39.8
21.3
46.7
12.7
20.8
16.0
37.2
12.0
37.8
19.1
39.6
10.9
25.5
19.8
45.6
12.7
24.9
16.3
37.5
14.5
38.5
25.9
53.8
10.2
33.0
19.6
45.1
11.7
30.9
19.4
43.3
12.4
■ able 4,. ..Van<- oTI prc.^encb ...tong - .its o,. -male >,jxWc...^fs
Gonorrhea
Chlamidia
High Titre syphilis
Active syphilis
Prevalence of HIV
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Number Percent
Percent
Number
0.5
1659
1659
2.1
1841
1.4
4.0
1841
1938
3.9
Total
0.0
407
407
1.4
388
1.9
4.2
388
408
6.2
Belgaum
0.9
422
422
1.7
1.2
5.8
402
402
424
6.0
Bellary
0.8
150
0.0
150
0.5
422
3.1
3.0
422
426
Shimoga
0.6
680
680
3.0
629
1.7
3.8
629
680
2.4
Bangalore Urban
Table 5.1: Profile of clients and HIV
prevalence
Place of solicitation
Brothel/hotel/lodge/
Total_______
_______ Home
_______ Dhaba______
Public place
______ Shimoga
Bangalore Urban
______ Bellary
______ Belgaum
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Percent
Number
3.9
3.3
1936
778
5.2
340
4.0
818
3.0
678
2.4
426
6.0
424
408
6.2
2.0
1.6
591
222
114
3.5
1.5
255
0.0
194
0.7
102
165
3.9
130
3.3
4.2
769
3.7
318
6.8
138
3.2
2.8
313
186
2.8
272
6.3
145
7.0
166
5.5
576
238
4.0
5.1
88
7.4
250
3.2
138
212
5.4
9.1
114
8.5
112
3.4
727
296
2.2
7.1
143
2.3
288
282
2.9
167
0.5
4.8
134
6.1
144
4.3
1209
3.9
482
197
3.9
4.9
530
4.5
396
2.1
259
6.6
290
6.3
264
4.1
1287
3.8
512
218
4.2
4.4
2.6
557
434
4.2
278
298
6.2
5.4
277
3.6
648
2.1
266
7.2
122
260
3.1
2.0
244
0.5
148
5.5
126
7.9
130
District
Total
Age group
<25
25-34
35+
Marital status
Never married
Currently married
Currently cohabiting
Yes
No
Is cohabiting with partner among
never married
Education status
Main occupation
Place of interview and usual place
of residence same
Location of spouse
Frequency of travel outside
Yes
No
Illiterate
Primary complete
Middle complete
Secondary*
Transport worker
Service (govt/pvt)
Business/shop owner
Labor
Others
26
118
102
99
55
152
119
79
40
144
26
2.9
6.9
8.0
4.6
5.5
6.4
7.4
11.2
6.0
3.5
0.0
14
120
138
153
44
89
103
39
34
225
23
10.0
3.9
5.0
8.5
4.8
4.0
3.7
17.5
6.8
5.9
0.0
26
141
95
119
79
133
129
30
59
181
27
0.0
0.6
7.9
0.7
3.1
1.2
0.0
0.0
7.7
4.6
0.0
45
237
130
190
104
254
205
126
87
208
52
7.9
2.1
3.8
0.8
2.5
2.8
1.3
4.1
2.5
2.8
0.9
42
246
238
224
119
237
224
121
64
363
46
4.1
2.0
5.0
3.7
3.1
3.7
3.3
9.3
4.6
2.9
0.0
26
117
75
102
43
120
114
51
45
101
29
9.9
6.4
5.6
6.7
4.3
4.0
3.5
9.7
6.1
5.7
0.0
43
253
152
235
120
271
218
102
111
294
53
2.2
2.2
6.1
1.2
3.4
3.3
2.0
3.6
3.7
4.5
0.9
111
616
465
561
282
628
556
274
220
758
128
5.2
3.1
5.6
3.3
3.4
3.6
2.8
7.1
4.5
4.1
0.4
Local ite
Non localite
Spouse lives with the respondent
Spouse lives elsewhere
Not currently married/cohabiting
No answer
No at all
At lease once a month
Once in 2-6 months
Once or twice a year
353
55
269
8
131
0
183
29
62
134
0
6.8
2.9
5.6
0.0
7.9
0.0
7.5
3.1
3.6
6.3
0.0
407
17
295
2
126
1
210
60
100
54
0
5.7
10.9
6.4
0.0
5.5
0.0
5.7
13.2
4.3
1.4
0.0
418
8
275
3
148
0
168
37
89
132
0
3.0
0.0
4.3
0.0
0.5
0.0
2.0
6.2
4.2
2.6
0.0
633
45
410
24
244
0
264
73
125
215
1
2.1
6.1
2.5
5.5
2.0
0.0
2.7
4.4
3.7
0.7
0.0
764
54
539
17
261
1
345
77
161
235
0
3.9
4.4
4.3
9.5
3.1
0.0
5.4
6.2
4.5
1.2
0.0
310
30
208
10
122
0
135
38
65
101
1
5.1
6.6
4.4
0.0
7.2
0.0
3.8
14.9
4.1
4.0
0.0
737
41
502
10
266
0
345
84
150
199
0
3.2
4.5
3.9
0.0
2.1
0.0
3.9
2.4
2.8
2.9
0.0
1811
125
1249
37
649
1
825
199
376
535
1
3.8
5.1
4.1
3.2
3.6
0.0
4.4
6.9
3.6
102
123
183
6.2
4.3
7.5
166
48
210
5.5
9.1
5.7
116
142
168
7.0
0.8
2.0
179
233
264
2.9
1.7
2.7
244
228
345
3.1
2.9
5.4
105
99
135
7.1
5.5
3.8
214
219
345
4.7
1.0
3.9
563
546
825
4.6
2.6
4.4
No
102
123
6.2
4.3
166
48
5.5
9.1
116
142
7.0
0.8
179
233
2.9
1.7
244
228
3.1
2.9
105
99
7.1
5.5
214
219
4.7
1.0
563
546
4.6
2.6
70
61
83
13
47
147
191
26
37
145
207
34
1
6.3
3.5
8.4
0.0
1.8
6.1
7.4
4.6
0.0
4.5
7.5
9.4
0.0
134
89
35
10
40
112
208
56
16
98
224
87
1
3.5
4.1
2.6
0.0
8.0
2.2
2.1
4.7
0.0
0.9
3.1
5.6
0.0
190
138
84
34
79
190
295
80
53
141
327
157
0
1.1
3.4
2.9
0.0
1.3
3.9
1.9
3.1
1.9
5.0
1.4
2.6
0.0
215
162
95
37
92
272
337
80
62
234
391
130
1
2.1
2.6
6.0
0.0
98
60
46
9
49
95
152
35
24
80
177
59
0
7.2
210
138
85
33
65
220
369
91
50
180
391
156
1
3.0
3.0
1.9
2.8
4.6
4.3
2.6
2.9
3.5
3.7
2.9
3.6
0.0
523
360
226
79
206
587
858
206
136
494
959
345
2
3.6
3.0
4.6
1.2
3.1
4.3
4.1
4.2
2.5
3.7
4.1
4.4
0.0
No answer
Sex while traveling in past one year Travelled and had sex
Travelled but not had sex
Not travelled
Bought sex during travel in the past
Yes
one year
Number of places travelled in the
past year
Age at first sex
Age at first paid sex
1
129
7.1
2
72
3+
24
22
40
138
164
44
30
110
201
67
0
1.8
4.3
3.7
5.6
4.7
7.9
<=15 years
16-17 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25+ years
<18 years
18-19 years
20-24 years
25+ years
DK/No answer
6.3
7.4
3.1
7.9
5.3
0.0
2.1
4.6
3.9
6.5
0.0
5.4
3.2
5.7
0.0
3.7
7.5
0.0
2.8
3.8
7.6
3.5
4.9
0.0
8.0
4.3
0.0
2.5
0.0
Place of solicitation
Brothel/hotel/lodge/
______ Home
Total______
______ Dhaba_____
Public place
Bangalore Urban
Bellary_____ _____ Shimoga
_____Belgaum
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
3.3
1936
3.9
778
5.2
340
4.0
2.4
818
678
3.0
426
6.0
424
408
2.5
249
1.8
620
5.0
1.6
121
250
1.5
199
134
0.0
4.3
155
4.3
132
3.4
167
1.6
450
5.9
81
4.0
202
2.1
170
0.0
83
6.8
99
5.7
98
5.1
4.9
866
5.1
362
138
5.5
3.0
366
309
5.9
209
7.4
170
7.9
178
District
Total
Duration since first paid sex
Number of different FSWs had sex
in the past one month
Number of different FSWs had sex
in the past six month
<5 years
5-9 years
10+ years
1
2
3+
256
105
47
7.1
4.3
5.5
212
135
77
3.5
9.3
6.2
324
81
21
3.0
2.9
3.9
411
186
80
1.9
2.2
5.2
476
234
108
3.5
3.4
7.3
211
88
40
3.8
7.4
7.5
516
185
77.
3.2
3.9
1.9
1203
507
225
3.4
4.4
5.5
1
2
3-4
5+
86
76
153
93
5.1
8.6
4.8
7.6
24
90
184
126
0.0
3.1
6.6
8.0
91
132
138
65
3.7
0.6
3.9
5.0
92
151
237
198
1.6
0.7
3.5
2.7
96
182
322
218
2.0
2.6
4.8
4.7
54
83
117
86
5.5
1.6
5.4
7.9
143
184
273
178
2.4
3.0
3.5
3.9
293
449
712
482
2.9
2.6
4.4
5.1
54
127
142
85
4.0
6.9
5.2
8.2
12
172
153
87
0.0
4.8
5.4
10.2
24
208
131
63
0.0
2.0
4.2
5.2
91
228
203
156
1.7
1.4
4.0
2.1
53
305
286
174
0.0
3.7
5.4
3.3
23
137
104
76
6.0
3.1
4.7
9.2
105
293
239
141
2.1
2.8
3.2
5.2
181
735:
629
391
2.1
3.2
4.4
5.5
310
92
6
33
375
6.9
4.3
0.0
3.6
6.4
206
198
20
19
405
6.3
5.9
4.6
4.5
6.1
376
48
2
20
406
3.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
3.1
402
236
40
103
575
1.4
4.3
0.0
1.1
2.6
548
236
34
81
737
2.7
7.0
2.5
2.8
4.1
243
88
9
28
312
5.4
5.2
0.0
0.0
5.7
503
250
25
66
712
3.9
2.3
0.0
1.5
3.5
1294
574
68
175
1761
3.8
4.5
1.1
1.7
4.2
No
279
129
5.0
8.7
304
120
6.2
5.6
281
145
4.2
0.6
452
226
2.8
1.6
575
243
4.3
3.3
221
119
4.7
6.2
520
258
3.6
2.5
1316
620
4.1
3.6
Yes
No
71
337
1.1
7.3
35
389
0.0
6.5
101
325
3.7
2.8
157
521
0.6
3.0
148
670
0.9
4.7
47
293
0.0
6.1
169
609
1.7
3.7
364
1572
1.2
4.6
337
64
7
7.3
1.2
0.0
389
32
3
6.5
0.0
0.0
325
87
14
2.8
0.9
18.2
523
133
21
3.0
0.0
5.4
670
130
17
4.7
0.0
8.1
293
43
4
6.1
0.0
0.0
611
143
24
3.7
1.0
6.7
1574
316
45
4.6
0.5
6.5
240
114
4.7
10.4
223
189
9.1
2.6
255
147
2.1
5.2
394
193
3.1
1.3
454
311
5.1
3.1
233
84
4.8
6.3
425
248
3.3
3.7
1112
643
4.3
3.8
168
186
4.3
8.8
160
252
7.7
5.1
166
236
1.4
4.3
279
308
2.6
2.5
295
470
4.5
4.1
175
142
4.4
6.2
303
370
2.6
4.1
773
982
3.7
4.5
55
46
4.5
3.3
111
116
7.8
3.5
32
20
0.0
0.0
177
115
5.5
1.0
151
132
9.6
2.8
61
44
5.7
2.8
163
121
2.6
1.3
375
297
5.5
2.2
41
60
5.9
2.5
70
157
8.2
4.3
23
29
0.0
0.0
134
158
3.7
4.2
98
185
8.6
5.4
44
61
3.0
5.5
126
158
3.2
1.0
268
404
4.7
3.7
41
147
178
40
2
5.5
8.2
4.4
8.6
0.0
68
178
166
10
2
11.9
2.7
7.6
0.0
0.0
38
181
174
32
1
0.0
4.3
1.4
6.7
0.0
123
177
303
67
8
3.3
1.8
2.2
4.0
0.0
142
298
303
69
6
6.1
3.1
4.4
2.2
0.0
43
103
177
16
1
8.7
4.5
4.4
9.0
0.0
85
282
341
64
6
1.5
4.3
2.3
7.9
0.0
270
683
821
149
13
5.0
3.9
3.5
5.6
0.0
19
14
0.0
8.1
9
10
0.0
8.4
6
14
0.0
0.0
38
65
2.6
0.0
30
51
5.0
1.6
16
12
0.0
0.0
26
40
0.0
2.8
72
103
1.6
1.8
17
262
4.3
5.1
8
296
7.7
6.2
5
276
16.5
4.0
29
423
4.2
2.7
23
552
9.5
4.0
13
208
0.0
5.0
23
497
6.3
3.5
59
1257
5.8
4.0
50
344
14
3.5
6.9
0.0
78
333
13
9.6
5.2
5.6
35
382
9
7.5
2.7
0.0
150
516
9
3.6
2.0
0.0
122
673
22
5.9
3.6
4.8
77
254
8
6.2
5.1
0.0
114
648
15
3.7
3.2
0.0
313
1575
45
5.0
3.7
1.9
59
7.7
1.4
27°
~6
294
4c
•*75
4.4
3CK
2.6
7721
7|
Number of occasional FSW partner
0
in the past 6 months
1-2
3-4
5+
Number of regular FSW partner in
0
the past 6 months
1-2
3+
Yes
Ever had anal sex with FSW
No
Have a steady female sexual
partner
Had other non-regular, non
commercial partner in the past one
year
Yes
Number of other non-regular, non
commercial partners in tie past year None
1-2
3+
Condom use at last sex with
Yes
occasional FSW
No
Condom use everytime with
Yes
occasional FSW
No
Condom use at last sex with regular
Yes
FSW
No
Condom use everytime with regular
Yes
FSW
No
Reson for not using condom last sex No available
Dont like using condom
Used condom everytime
Others
No answer
Everytime condom use during anal
Yes
sex with FSW
No
Everytime condom use with main
Yes
regular partner
No
Carry condom at the time of
Yes
interview
No
Never seen or heard a condom b<
Consistent condom use with
Yer
casic
FS’
168
’lac
solt
on
Brothei/hotel/ioageF
Du
Total
No
Consistent condom use with main
regular partner
Yes
No
Total______
_____ Dhaba____________ Home
Public place
Bangalore Urban
Shimoga
______Bellary
_____ Belgaum
Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent Number Percent
Number Percent
1936
3.3
3.9
778
340
5.2
818
4.0
678
2.4
426
3.0
6.0
424
6.2
408
983
4.5
370
4.1
6.2
142
4.1
308
471
2.5
4.3
236
5.1
253
8.8
186
17
262
4.3
5.1
8
296
7.7
6.2
5
276
16.5
4.0
29
423
4.2
2.7
23
552
9.5
4.0
13
208
0.0
5.0
23
497
6.3
3.5
59
1257
5.8
4.0
Place of solicitation
Brothel/hotel/lodge/
Total_______
_______ Home
_______ Dhaba______
Public place
______ Shimoga
Bangalore Urban
_______ Bellary
______ Belgaum
Number 1 Percent
Percent
Number 1 Percent
Number
Percent
Number
Percent
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
Number
Number
Percent
3.3
1936
3.9
778
340
5.2
678
818
4.0
424
6.0
426
3.0
2.4
6.2
408
District
Total
Consistent condom use with all
partners
Consistent condom use
occasional/regular partner
Circumcised
Had an STI in the past 12 months
Most recent STI symptoms in past
12 months
Yes
No
83
325
4.3
6.7
61
363
7.2
5.8
83
343
1.9
3.3
135
545
2.5
2.4
122
696
4.0
4.0
91
249
3.9
5.7
149
629
3.0
3.3
362
1576
3.6
4.0
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
180
228
53
355
114
294
4.3
7.8
4.2
6.5
6.3
6.1
154
270 (
50
374
87
337
8.1
4.8
6.5
6.0
4.7
6.3
173
253
53
373
74
352
1.4
4.1
1.7
3.2
3.4
2.9
310
370
83
595
234
444
2.3
2.5
0.6
2.7
2.4
2.4
298
520
107
711
245
573
4.3
4.3
6.3
6.4
5.1
5.8
339
439
95
683
193
585
2.5
3.9
2.6
3.4
2.3
3.6
817
1121
239
1697
509
1427
3.5
4.2
2.7
3.3
180
160
37
303
71
269
Urethral discharge
Genital ulcers/Sores
Swelling in groin area
Burning pain on urination
Can not retract foreskin
Missing
4
19
3
80
8
0
20.8
5.0
0.0
6.9
0.0
0.0
15
15
17
39
0
1
11.8
0.0
4.9
4.3
0.0
0.0
1
12
3
51
7
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.8
0.0
0.0
47
6.4
1.6
0.0
1.6
0.0
0.0
47
38
33
119
8
0
11.1
0.0
2.2
5.6
0.0
0.0
3
13
6
43
5
1
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.7
0.0
0.0
17
34
19
114
8
1
0.0
4.7
0.0
2.6
0.0
0.0
67
85
58
276
21
7.8
39
35
106
6
1
2
4.1
0.0
0.0
2
112
367
41
0.0
6.5
6.2
6.6
3
84
406
18
0.0
4.9
5.6
16.7
1
73
401
25
0.0
3.4
3.0
3.8
21
213
605
73
6.2
2.1
2.4
2.8
17
228
744
74
7.9
5.2
3.7
6.8
4
67
319
0.0
3.1
5.1
21
6.4
6
187
716
62
0.0
2.4
3.3
3.1
27
482
1779
157
5.0
3.7
3.8
5.1
250
41
76
59
349
3.7
11.7
349
37
20
64
360
5.7
3.7
8.0
10.8
5.1
312
30
59
54
372
2.6
2.6
4.7
8.8
2.2
486
74
45
94
584
2.8
0.7
0.0
2.7
2.4
577
73
94
107
711
3.6
3.3
4.4
6.7
3.5
251
34
34
59
281
5.7
3.7
2.2
6.7
4.9
569
75
72
105
673
2.2
4.6
11.1
8.0
2.5
1397
182
200
271
1665
3.5
4.0
6.5
7.2
3.4
Among those had an STI in the past
year, visited the KEY clinic
Yes
No
Ever heard of HIV/AIDS
Yes
No
Feels at risk of being infected with
No
HIV/AIDS
Yes
Don't know
Yes
Ever taken an HIV/AIDS test
No_______
11.8
12.6
5.1
3.8
1.2
4.5
5.4
3.0
4.1
3.8
4.0
1.9
1.1
Table 6: Odds ratio of prevalence of HIV
Age
Marital status
Occupation
Residence
Education
Place where clients picks most FSWs
T ravel
Number of different FSWs in the last month
Duration since 1st paid sex
Circumcision
Consistent condom use
Prevalence of any STI
<25
25-34
35+
Currently married
Never married
T ransport worker
Service (govt/pvt)
Business/shop owner
Labor
Others
Localite
Non localite
Illiterate
Primary complete
Middle complete
Secondary+
Home
Public place
Brothel/hotel/lodge/Dhaba
Travelled and had sex
Travelled but not had sex
Not travelled
1
2
3+
<5 years
5-9 years
10+ years
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Constant
Odds ratio
1.0000
2.2796
2.6626
1.0000
1.6743
1.0000
2.2522
1.1340
1.0381
0.1260
1.0000
1.2162
1.0000
0.6755
0.6231
0.5950
1.0000
1.1748
1.6602
1.0000
0.6430
0.8408
1.0000
1.1845
1.0871
1.0000
0.9232
1.2266
1.0000
1.5350
1.0000
1.2431
1.0000
0.2369
0.0380
P
0.0791
0.0987
0.1495
0.0269
0.7814
0.9137
0.1146
0.6463
0.2557
0.2689
0.1448
0.5894
0.1137
0.2222
0.5620
0.5609
0.8221
0.8611
0.6898
0.3521
0.4199
0.0000
0.0001
Table 7: Odds ratio of consistent condom use
Odds ratio
Age
Marital status
Occupation
Residence
Education
Place where clients picks most clients
Travel
Number of different FSWs in the last month
Duration since 1st paid sex
Heard/seen/read messages on STI in the last 6 months
Heard/seen/read messages on Key clinics in the last 6 months
<25
25-34
35+
Currently married
Never married
Transport worker
Service (govt/pvt)
Business/shop owner
Labor
Others
Localite
Non localite
Illiterate
Primary complete
Middle complete
Secondary+
Home
Public place
Brothel/hotel/lodge/Dhaba
Travelled and had sex
Travelled but not had sex
Not travelled
1
2
3+
<5 years
5-9 years
10+ years
Yes
No
Yes
No
Constant
1.0000
1.2399
0.9265
1.0000
1.7553
1.0000
1.3983
1.2143
0.9311
1.9964
1.0000
1.0463
1.0000
1.0404
1.5174
1.3628
1.0000
0.7545
1.3697
1.0000
0.9492
0.7711
1.0000
0.8467
0.9093
1.0000
1.0048
0.6290
1.0000
0.8367
1.0000
0.9082
0.7805
P
0.1724
0.7229
0.0000
0.0304
0.2500
0.5647
0.0006
0.8075
0.7785
0.0119
0.0310
0.0117
0.0136
0.6936
0.0313
0.1445
0.5486
0.9757
0.0129
0.1025
0.3837
0.2893
Table 8: Programmatic issues
Place of solicitation
District
Number
Percent report condom not avaialbe
Percent don't like condom
Percent carry condom at the time of interview
Percent report condom breakage at last sex
Percent had an STI in the past 12 months
Number had an STI in the past 12 months
Among those had an STI in the past year, percent visited the KEY clinic
Percent ever heard of HIV/AIDS
Percent feels at risk of being infected with HIV/ AIDS
Percent heard/seen/read advertisement or message on condoms in the past
six months
Percent heard/seen/read advertisements/messages on STI in the past six
months
Percent heard/seen/read advertisements/messages on Key clinics in the past
six months
Percent ever been to a Key clinic for getting treatment for any kind of ailment
Brothel/
Bangalor Public hotel/lodg
e/Dhaba Home
Belgaum Bellary Shimoga e Urban place
Total
778
424
684
823
343
410
426
1944
9.5
7.5
8.4
9.7
5.0
12.1
12.1
9.6
33.2
42.4
44.2
35.9
30.5
33.6
35.0
24.3
14.4
7.4
15.9
24.5
18.6
18.7
26.8
18.9
12.4
17.1
16.9
12.5
10.7
8.3
8.5
10.6
24.4
30.1
19.0
26.2
18.2
15.8
32.3
25.3
234
245
71
193
509
114
87
74
7.1
3.2
3.1
4.8
1.7
3.1
1.2
7.5
91.4
93.6
91.8
90.9
96.1
95.2
89.6
92.0
11.2
11.5
10.9
7.4
12.7
10.0
10.9
10.8
92.4
90.5
92.9
93.6
93.0
91.0
93.1
93.4
57.7
44.8
65.4
64.8
58.1
49.3
62.3
62.5
36.1
22.1
40.8
39.1
40.0
32.2
36.9
39.1
2.2
1.1
1.2
1.3
3.5
1.4
1.8
3.1
Position: 2629 (2 views)