Concept of Social Capital
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Community Health Learning Programme
March 2009 to November 2010
REPORT
Mr-Ganesh
intern,Community Health Cell
Community Health internship
My name is S.Ganesh from Tanjavoor, Tamilnadu. I have done my post graduation in Social
work and Computer application as my under graduation. I have also done M.Phil in social work
from Loyola College, Chennai.
My prior work experience was in Tsunami affected areas of Nagapattinam, Tirunelveli and
Nagercoil districts. I was part of a research study titled “After Tsunami” funded by Action aid.
During this study I traveled to the above districts, interacted with community, met many
government officials to know about the way the different development sectors contributed in the
Tsunami rehabilitation. Before I joined the fellowship I was involved in a study regarding the
effectiveness of Dr.Muthulakshmi Reddy maternity benefit scheme in Tamil Nadu. During this
study I had opportunity to interact with my Professor Dr. Shanmuga Velayudham regarding
health and education status of Tamil Nadu. He suggested that I join the CHC internship course to
know more about health and I applied to the internship and I got an opportunity to do my
internship.
Orientation program
During orientation program I had opportunity to understand the various aspects of health,
community health, government services, caste and untouchability. Fellowship clarified me that
all the above issues are interrelated and not isolated as I thought before.
Monsoon game, was a great learning experience for me to understand the rural farmers
difficulties, caste and class structure of the rural areas. This game answered many questions for
which I was searching for answers for many years. I would like to recommend to the government
to include this game in the training sessions for the I.A.S and I.P.S officers.
I learnt many things about research, data collection, research ethics and the required attitude
during research were explained in detail by Dr.Rakhal, which was very useful.
Learning objective
Initially I thought to do my field work in environmental related areas. But, during the course I
felt that some basic aspects which were major causes for all the existing problems and I thought I
should study those problems. The idea was further developed through discussions with my
mentor and I found the relationship between societies and community cohesiveness played major
role in problem solving of the communities. The idea was further developed to explore the
concept of “Social capital”. Finally the following objectives were developed for my field work
and project.
1.
To explore the ways to strengthen the Public health system of Thirumanoor block,
Ariyalur district using social capital methods.
2.
To know more about National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) and Village Health, Water
and Sanitation Committees (VHWSC) through involvement in Community Action for
Health Project (CAH) in Perambalur and Ariyalur districts, Tamilnadu.
Field activities
Vertical Social Capital
For my first objective i.e. building social capital, I chose the entire 36 Panchayats of
Thirumanoor block. After detailed discussion with the key people in the block, a set of criteria
for selecting trainees were developed and based on that one VHSC member from each Panchayat
has been selected for the intervention.
The concept of Social capital has many aspects and dimension. I have chosen to study and build
the VERTICAL social capital. In simple words vertical social capital refers to the links with
upper levels in the hierarchy, while horizontal social capital refers to links within the community
or at the community level across communities.
In the first meeting with VHSC members many aspects were discussed and action plans were
developed but community members could not move forward with the action plan and they felt
they should know about Panchayat and government system in detail to do effective intervention
in health sector. Based on the feedback the following topics were choosen for training and
training was given by the subject experts.
1.
Primary health care - Resource person Mr.Ganesh and PHC medical officer
2.
Panchayat raj
-
Resource person Mr. Tirunavukkarasu,
Gandhigram university,
Dindigul
3.
Alternative medicine (Siddha) - Mr. Dhakshinamoorthy, Agathiyar Mooligai Pannai
Through the above trainings members build their knowledge and group feeling. The reason
behind to avail the resource persons from various organizations is to link the group with other
institutions which is one of the important aspects of Vertical capital. All these trainings were
done during the last 3 months of the internship.
NRHM - CAH
Community Action for Health project under NRHM ( NRHM-CAH) is being implemented in
Perambalur block of Perambalur district, Thirumanoor and Andimadam blocks in Ariyaloor
district. In my initial days of field work, I have been fully involved with the project activities to
develop my understanding about the Tamilnadu health system, health issues in Tamilnadu, and
about
VHWSCs. I had regular interaction with the block coordinators and Panchayat level
animators. I had organized orientation program for the animators. During this time I met
Perambalur district collector Mr.VijayaKumar l.A.S. and explained to him about the CAH
process and he was impressed by the process, promised us of extending his support for the
activities and inaugurated the project in the district.
I used innovative methods to train the Panchayat animators. I recorded the review meetings,
community meetings conducted by the animators and screened to them in the following review
meeting and the entire group analysed the animators’ performance and gave positive feedback to
strengthen the capacity of the animators.
Trainings I have undergone
The orientation program I had undergone during the initial 40 days in CHC is a different
experience in my life. The experience of self learning, adult learning, group learning and
community learning are very useful exercises. This orientation provided me an ability to think
from different angle.
I have attended the tools preparation workshop organized by Community Health Cell Extension
unit, Chennai, where I have learnt about the primary health care system of Tamilnadu in detail.
I have attended one day workshop on 31 campaign organized by Makkal Nalavazhvu lyakkam,
where I came to know the issues around. Immunisation, Institutional deliveries and Insurance
schemes of Tamilnadu.
I had attended one day workshop on developing vision and mission for Catholic Health
Association of Tamilnadu. Dr.Rakhal facilitated the session and I have learnt various steps
involved in developing vision and mission for the organization.
Right to food campaign - I have attended a public meeting on food security in Trichy in which
the issues in agriculture policies of Tamilnadu, food production, government’s policy in food
distribution were discussed.
During the mid term meeting of the CHLP program I have learnt a lot. Specifically Ms.Shoba’s
session on personality development was useful to know about myself and my objectives.
Dr.Shiridi Prasad’s session was very useful to learn the techniques for effective training and
through Ms.Sathyashree’s session I have learnt about gender and sexuality.
I have attended workshop on Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) conducted by Mr.Sam Joesph.
Though I had prior experience in PRA, this session taught me PRA from different dimension.
The value of community’s opinion and ways to minimize the research bias in PRA was discussed
in detail.
I have visited the school for children released from child labour and trained to enter mainstream
schools in Pothnal. I was amazed by the teaching methodologies practiced in this school. I also
met the group of artisan women who produces terracotta materials. The women group members’
confidence and skills of producing and marketing the products was extraordinary.
I
have visited the reproductive health clinic of RUWSEC in Chengalpet, Tamilnadu. The
hospital is fully managed and run by Dalit women. I have unlearned many things about the Dalits
during this visit. In this hospital, equal importance is given to other allied services like
counseling apart from medical care.
Overall learnings of my Internship
•
Knowing myself: Through the internship I have built enormous confidence on public
speaking and presentation, which were not my strengths earlier.
•
Learning from others: Internship taught me the importance of learning from others.
Especially listening others and taking notes from others presentations were worth
mentioning.
•
Learning from Group: I have learnt many things from the group. Skills to interact with
group, giving importance to others views are significant learning. Through many
interactions with Ms.Manjula I have realized the importance of doing things successfully
inspite of the difficulties, from Ms.Lavanya I learnt how to speak in English, how to use
the appropriate words, etc., from Mr.Anand I learnt many aspects of ethical research and
how to write research papers, from Ms.Shivamma I have learnt about gender, from
Mr.Hanumanthappa I have learnt the difficulties of the differently abled persons, from
Mr.Karipasappa I have learnt the art of conducting public hearings, from Ms.Shoba I
have learnt about the water borne diseases, from Madappan I learnt about agricultural
issues and from Ms.Rohini I learnt the importance of community dentistry.
As a whole I have learnt many things about community health, development and community
participation. Development should be inclusive, health should go beyond medicine and
community should be involved in all the aspects with autonomy.
Health for all now !
Communities unity is social capital !!
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