ELEMENTS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING
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- Title
- ELEMENTS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING
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ELEMENTS OF RAINWATER HARVESTING
X
i
bi
Centre
\/rllajie$ ,
^c'eMCfi
VVARDHA «
Publrs bed b__________________________
I
Department of
tzem nqenl'" c>p
Science
Tnd’a
Whmolojy
N E-W
DELHI
»
_______________ _______ —_
PubliAKeA
Sc f
Tech ft o lay
Cfc
Pep a rtrn e n t"
op
-py Women
Tec h n
Scfen ce
y
Technology—
hie
Mehraulf
Raad
MEW
PEU4I
no
Produced
Ce n
bj
d.
Magan__ 5 a
WARPHA
Vrllaqga
5c? e ^\ce
ra ha la a
AA.200!
1992-
ST' l&O rv<|2_,
05763
_/iA4^X
p>A
/-J
f
|
f
(!>
bio chemic
■f
tt>
Tn
up
used
sing
._Is
mullftude
op
bio [dnys°cal processes_A (Tpe conirnue^__
and
replemshivient -eye^y
need
-a
-
-fkvj
hour^ JI________________
J
I
•anTMai
uiprld
rTvers
etc
the
Tb
is avaFlable
-^yom
ponds,, lak-eoz
u>h 11e
_' lh«__ plaht*
vuorld
drains ft Jygy^
gom
.rn*.
a _ a?r •Human
soilI__ a^d
and
UJelU added
To 1kls
es^en'ICally
JhL
(Pater
rafn
back
a
befnj^
b-ack 4 AH
ti%e
long
11
comer_ prp\ fatfon
of
op
^a^bout’
<sp
dfreerly
to the
__ b-a^k
to
tie
fheip
to
be
Sea
Op
urateY __ ■atpn.e^uc,
the _ land
the, frosh L!>iif
SM.d
first' ffedtFinq
$ to red
5p“| z or
__________
c7rcu?t cp.
the.
txtorldy
fn
runs
£Q J9 evaporale^
about
cycled Through
^auna
th'e
0
pre cT pF HaTi%i
ifie
atynospki ere .. The?,__ resF Oj
the, ffiora
__ nato
IFst"
o
ponds and
soaked '■ I 4
lake?.___ j
'■ M
the,
_3h_
IhTo
i/olume
IocaVcrn /__ih?
1ke
_be op
so?l
and
_'fe
fhe
precTpitatrcm
that occurs
'rfplume of culler
fha)~ ^e.ts
pp
stayjs
ttjere
_b LC__^phere
..-.. .......... l._..TKe
-r
in
The
jV___ Tne
■>
9a
C^ndf lfdw>
long
enough
to
depends . y p&n____
texture, a¥>d ^alfhy
____
it
-TJhe^ T^pe
tb|oo^yaphy
ijeoloff usa) ^eaTur&5
tWs*
•faot'h^
are
Trf^^ercd
(xork
'
asgatnsF.,
Th 5pfte op« /atfepact^ry.
f
■!■
■
.
’
tvor|di
rec^rdi _^e....hL0hedl_anau3L_^r^>Lfeljk>L^
iph’oh
r—
V
Suffer* . froYv>... geyere.... dn^k'n^„.<>rafer. prob)e
after
l^ed ‘ate^
.^s^ck^
raVn
!
eza^ple-
'fo|*-S
<?f
an
.&
de-a. yy
°f
__ A </a.LLad?£lL.ty.
pheiQOkn er>on u_______________
essen|?a|
d LlJlJSL
ar<d
c^ler_
,i|
of_ human habFI’atfcn amd
pfe-rez|uit|te
|||
fbft,_ center
and
mq$t
run
Through
pari 'odarly
The
severe
of
^fa,r e-nd
dry
Problems
lhe._
on_es_. .oc^u r
Ihe.
sfrnce
long
hs>s
and__ rhan
b-een__ ajfue Jb... jRe
+o(^3nds
jr
rain (Afa^_r han/eslfag
ppTeHlLaJ, of
j
C$WH) .
cfy-
.___J°n
l*n The
RWH
fae
archaeologFcal g°tes
Mans
Negev
produ0.1io-n
look^
On the
bland
of
Crete.
toda'j 0
avd
. .IC^The _ fio vn e n3
med <'t&rranea.h.
g uro pe A-n
-t
and
b^
can
l.^ste*ni
up err. Th b
5 of!__ureter
jp.UL.Lt_
(puFlb ®
the^
3^
J* the
the_ £a m e 1 fwye.
o
(AJ|
i’n... _clo>e
PK
the^
amd 6 ux/sez^ f I
■a
man']
■i
a
s^xlK
capacity
disntury A £)f ~
hdlRe^_ SLf^L1?.___’
o^. SO.ooo kn3,
tAj^ler
£treefe...And
0 f oral \ Gy\
uasV
^fzzed
uas
V xf
zzed ..
by.old rnJ 30000’
buBt..
are central feed
fs_avd_ paved
.,1
the
K^
e- Qp__ 3 *T=h§i z ^.4Its
e u
se
(//£ th
ti es
c. ’&.fer n.. J±2_Metfe-i _ by__7Q VWetf
PpTK
|k)
fn
HOizj
now
C-V/em
e.ven
locaTicns .Aifa----------
af
Fn Jjme morf
mortar
Ar p uiaJ
11
1700 ... .,■ j.:..
:f •
4 f- ’
wTth thoTr
mortar Construd r<rn«
Seen
1
R.WH__
sToYa^e - u/orkeJ °n
fm proved
brTok
fn
domej’
asstited ajr-foulture
leyd_ of
sysierns - odlectftfn
Thdr
up
de^rt CSsraeLL_5iiaC©.. ^xg>._e>a_ fo_____
. _7©OA_2.„_u>hich
Impos^fbk
Rh/H
Then
ghouj
o
a
£roTv\
"
prJonj^4_.“
... “
<YtMvL Lvd^ Ivzv-u^^f
con1fnUed__tb
VY H )
U Se •
de^?cient_ lh_-W^
ict o
coater
vnon^sde r j (ocstia-ns
lH
o^. Zthlk .X®Y2.
§?<ew'.ple$
desfon a^d consFructi^ e 9,n
cohV^es
Gibraltar
See ky
i
'^21d__"the^_ brFnj out“ a h^h
. .J>pan&h e ■•npi'rc
__ Stehdard . op
I
RVVH on a
to u&e
|gm_ demands
ger mudan
^cajg__and
modern
••? ’
RWH
---- zysie-vd__ an..fnte.^ ral_______ gartL op._^zer h consfracjirn
—-
1 ft
T®F:ifl
w
h/t” ■
cue
_ Nearer home
___ Thar desert and The
k no um
Op gundel kkahd
brou_gki~
^gs ., The
and
pe rennfal
tke.
also
r \j\ca
Ha^eb° kyie~lhod3
1
Ta i^?l na
*
Eerie
,
agr°cu Ifqi
^f_L*2
drfn kfjQ^
kfng
tua
ler joee^ s
m
aler
ch arg fng
^oum sIrcam .> * Ku^4s* oj? RaJasThan
u> e Ils
g^pecCally
basfn
_ :
pnosperi’l~y to_ their IPen^prcisirCes
are esgeyiVall^
Tkey
q^_&an^eKc
Aharj;
The
Through
methods o^- ~fhe
Khadf^
ha.ve
catered!
fc drtn kf^^tef Heeds □
____ Un Poxty n ate
The$e_ methodl _r?.Cc£jre d
___ back s>eat~m
- deuelo gm ent
_ Wisdom U
a
fnde pen de nos
lh e
programmes t batng dubbed prCrylThr^
dawnfr)^_ once a_g-a°n. 5en5°ng The
■
*
____ Qi m? t~atfems
4
....
P-and
in some
Cases
the _.alt.ef2iALfW4. <>
Ro I eg an
^h’ nd'" z a
ik
Western.Maharashtra
shot
droggnt
up to__ natrona/„ hoTce
p-atlure }
idllaj e
prone
belt
as an exporter -°£
green fodder to ri&ed^...i/il[a^es nearby ?
Thanks To__ RWH set J nto pracltoe. by an
.... . ..^nlf^.h'te d__ ujJL^e
leader
'Kurd ' orThe
...'Tanka'
Anna
kne^od
Hazare -
^ai&^THan jT
■
I
household le^el
An
B. WH .
^cLMSL^J^^_dLLnk^
Tke
lAJater
___ Ltralfern
fn
built-
a
into
lA* 112^.e S .
the_ kund
Cle^n ?nth e
and_ key.
fs
a
W ltt\
1k<?
!<r2Q^soon
5 J0M. e
m u ck__'that'
so
j
people
and._J.LMe_e„JIhe
slczne
lock
generally
^ub 5qrface
5>k>reJ__ iv^Ter
UKldejr
p<5‘',£d_
.elabpiafe
f'fau.thar.’) _LL__pa>^£
^ards
Th^.
LQ-^p. and
I levied ..■fr.Q.in
roopst
r i tu a I
IB
deforce,
I’
Fn
'■
'
i
?
J^o^ular
c I£h e
‘prrmrtr^e
co^tw 1 ** meTHodz in
tb .ffie
prorn^ed
supply
Thrpi^ln
p^p^y
^Y\d
J<unds_y
cen Fra
panacea
pu^dfd^rhj
__ in^l^.cr avvd
l°n
5cry^e C^,^>
br^akdourn
pf5111 n f_Tp.n-hd!K__Th!^> 1 Ku*%d££
CatokT^q__ <
_Once more
covyjctou.^
•ffWb
Vlkal.
___ _
p
ifolbvv\Tarv|,
efptrrti
e-i
Grarnin
T°_
nn 111 (syv 5^)
Vfg t
— Lfme "tefracing
lo cm
!
Stone slabs
U=—j/
COCmlCO c™
4-
'fcTsfoped
land Ibu’M
- Jah* |
45 cm
Jc.
3 hn
A
3m
niKfo catchment
40 c*v> fk<cK
stone ujajl
Lime
/’ plaited
M
n
■>k
’me Concrete.
30 CM
T
Cfioss
a
'Tanka'
Section
Model
bemj
,
Thko'
T/\bi ka
promoted
by GWSamtH
I
■
••
: X
Avera2e_Water_consumEtion_2er-household
(liJ.res)
1C t
rd ha
Income Group
Sr,No. Purpose
A
B
C
D
E
2
3
4
5
6
7
1
1.
Cooking
38
45
45
60
60
2.
Washing
Clothes
60
60
75
90
185
3.
Washing
Utensils
30
45
45
90
90
4.
Bathing
75
75
75
90
185
5.
Toilet
15
15
15
30
50
6.
House
cleaning
10
15
15
30
45
7.
Cattle
30
75
90
150
8.
Gobar-gas
plant
30
60
75
375
540
680
Total
220
285
r
I
I
2Hx6.—K.uM'T3hJ<a_t_fr?elh6>d^
de ias / o p_h2.e jnt^
-L^d±^e nou s
^p e Ci f<a
One
pk^ tu r e
Such
p
Th e _ tofa I
u/3 te r
djorne^tfc
uer<y
bernq
e^enlialiv <d£ r
--------- <
F—
?ha^ /. L^Calioy)_______-
ha y e
a Ad __ the,
a koyc__j.:ketch [s o___
r.^y±r^d
_for_domeslfc
a n Pmals \ d/fn kfneeds )
small
P P —The
cp_unfa_r6und_
Ihe
ra7.n^Jl_on. the -PPQ fL ^ p£__ 1
14__ enouj h
to
Ipok
rn 1 * 5
0F
-p
rainfkH
aMnxal
__ Our
<LFohnesj) #
4_tcfllfor•
the
after
I
h^u.4e
dg jtlg.jlfc
needs
po
ih e
forr /fh<
oj?
y^r /^dH.
If €5
^4 Iouj as ,, 300_ JTL222 *« Ohk/Touslq
OKII ualrtfa
^trfstde_ The_ CSLns x fn ._ <5olkc
a n.d._
keg^inj
w0rk
___ f fl t’eri’n^
?s g
tot^)p.^Ci pj Fat fern, t n
our
a
purpo-
Th
page.
-_from
O _ 'far _th^ —ggriAarny) (non)__
czmtam LA^I I | -CA
___ av> d.
ratnu
da^j »
the__. m
h ty
(3 f$
land a
lef”
us
Tflj
^hag traltj x [h
thirst
PuranTc Ifmes^ rnuoked
h^a _ to _5iuench th § Jh/rs f
a ..-JAUch
The
dfpfi cud p__psrFs
rams ,
pf
ffo
of <4yc_
more
.Liodest
tfde
fa
ot^e
otre r
The
_bpd£es
bodies
more
_t^e_
..This -
hopes
re^^rd
_____I !
4
Pej^esT/c.. J«*£Mfo
'from
report or> _a
f* <A LA i° 3 h eJ. _
s el’"
cpyismn|2'|i4h . fr^Mfes
|->lac< +i>
up
st"
z
frpy^
to
hoq.se ,
W<ardha dutri'ct M
5uruc| c>f_
5 y.*5^
house
<»_ ^uri/e^i
you r ^_C%1L£A__./to
—
---------------------------------------- “
scale
9ear z to
to-heJ|?_ Jk_ rtader _fh Jthu
A
L
M'cyj
^eF secifi
----------- J
&
C-fLWkL) Cftn.bc bro Kg n down
Ksumu/ale-r
Hfc
•funzdions
-the -following
i:
Collecli'on on
1
n
Guitenn^
Jul
filltratica___
k
Contain rnent
anddowntake
____ ___
---------- 1
:
VV'lt draws I
I
widely
. Th®_ c, oye-rvolo^
different
j'h. u'dlxU
1q
ujronj
precast
Qur je pfort" .._ The ref<qre
Com brnal °OM ,
r—
be
an
i’deal
be
Jo
J _ ta&Ted
tesTed _ f
Ca>
tr-fed.. a'vdas. well
„ prc><2/it'
- wtjere.._ so HenKoreJ „}_ Tech h
Ciemer'i t$
o
reader
Ttve
1
ploratory____
r h e^oh op ti\e Tfr
fhTend|
wl^o
To
devfse
am
:
haue
„
■cUdEv'
sfem
■appro prTale „
•to
a4$e« j^e
sperTfi'c
(/arfous alfernaliVcs•
besT . se-kctcr) „.. and_ pr_Qd_^e.
__ 1&__ Iryxeet tie
f ‘5 .ht
be
^_Jh €
made
Ime in.
th£ry'
hst/e. the
y *j
^uanliT^ o
that'
loe
madg
rhe__kJ a ter ^Tor^ z conseri/aTfgn_____
puller
u.11° I»°z;a11_ The
u|?
hsib?h op
g?ve
make the
_ ^eT
^pe.^(tk Heedi ^...±o
al~ The
wallr
hk'J ^Fk.,. w-f)l
Ya
The
other o VVe
would Haye Jo
_ d^.trucTfon
^oe. __
_
ntlaTtj&n _ _______
piu^hm^ ....^
e.
_TbaL_5P^c’
J5^_
tn a ck\
' n the ho u se ho I d uj fl)
etc ,
^^ra^e
^hf
to Thai"
Y
T“at>le.
■
©KOONP CATCHMENT
&UN OFF
UnTreateJ
ji
bM
COEFFICIENTS
Au»<0pF .
CO
Ground
ld<> Tkc?n
crvy
i
.
____
pg-scr?
a .
2
I0/*
R^cky n^Hural ^^hsh^entk
0 to
O’?
o-2 t'o 0*5
Ground!
Tr ea+ed
I
sMoo/TeJ SoT )
0*3 'ho O '5
n
CLuj -t CbuJ dunjj (Gobdr) .poor
0-5 fo 0’6
in
57(\cco ne
0’5 to 0'3
i\/
v
S'odfurr) 5"alfc treated soil
a,
t
Para^pfn
'treated
(A) SA
Ire&ted
5ur
\/er \ noj5
O)iA£_rete
pa.ve4
5kee'lTn^
ii
^o\ I
il’i
Eufyl
-Rubber
iv
•Bmck
p-aveJ
Y
o '4- ’to O'%
O'G
to 0-?’
0’6 to
o-%
o*7
to
o*8
o*«
h> c*?
0*5
t> o '6
4.
7
i
5
F
Y
f$
Calckment
tfie
ar
^a__ oohjcJ^ vohfcA
ujater ts Collected M
area
|
3
mosT ca$e^
drink*
coater
PL..J^o
on
addy trcmal g round
*re
_ dye Tafc
^srd
or
bare
eollecirnj
fe e tak^en
groundo
'from
to
ground
keejo JTfic
to
free
encro'az-lnn'i-ent^/
lej£dqpenod
yards
-------
malters
TFl^m_
collect um o faued
are
Ihj s _._k_. n_ot
knocoTj f the JAynple.^r
f
i
£>obar -t- .soi|___
the.
-floQY __ preparaltovi , TKej>e
m S’ n ? w u m
dffle rent
^p
fle.L_ t>cqt vuhen
L
^veila ble__ 9 rocLnd. Jr^dl^ne^iis.
P-f-
roo^s tf
catckkient ;
Ground
Whe4n
jpuj
collected
collected
srnaJl._. ro0f
paved
caT^hJ^i^nf
fc
various
lo
^?jdd
need '
. _{?p7ntLnj._ to ora rd^ Tte ^Tbrage
c^efpfc? ent$
. Th_e__ run- off
Surfaces
o^ The
£y£faccs __-fillo 6u
u
h'hen
>
haj__ to__„ ^lle^t___'frorvi
pne
6ne
Can__ ^a^lkf
But
bohen... one_ ha^_. to
(?r^u-
to
4£ntrot _d\rt ..frpr±_^h<ter i_ng
*n>ure ,
ground
have
kh
'fb
c_are
^urt^dra
cu^lero
an_._un ^thnded,^
heeds
to be ^^er^jsed
^fetabllUu... . ofi- Ilk__ 5&ie<l.. .^ater^___________
Pre pat^.lTpcn
7W
Golkct __fr6rn
opi_ land. ,__^ar__ greater
1 .***£_.; ttTe.
an . inlernaJ
________________________________________
should
be
done
be_cjearxd.o£ __^1!__ This will
Ph. ..<a_
^rjsatrn • JJrniLarlj
The
teCuUrri^^ has?!_.year____
ground _
U_
fo
’THftESHlNO FLOOR
r COKRU6ATED
IKON COU^R
|4___ 3 M eta
*Z*A'
T
B
d
B,
I
, 3 LAy£R5 pLASTEX
_ Jill
0N ck,CONCRETE
ckb,<
WITH
r
>
A Ground
Catchment
Method
planter
FINISH
CATOiMEN'T
UnfreateJ
a.
#UN OFF
COEFFICI&JST-S
<Sround
07
i
<5D slope* les*-than
li
Rz^cky nolHural C-atkh^eily
v
o*2 to o *S
I
^ompaotej <ai4<J ^MootkeJ
0'3 to ° '5
u
Ckuj -t CboJ dunj (^obaO ^loor
o*5 to
iii
S t (ioOo ne
k
Sodium sail; Treated s-oil
0'5 to
0'4- tb
v
Para^ptn
0'6
"treated
pati/eM
e
il
Slaee'ITn?
fbaTy I
^rFck
0*9
£z> \/er?n6j5
t
ill
jv
o 11
Treated
Sur faoe
C .
>
o to o* 3
GroanJ
Tr esgte<J
b,
l^/o6
0’6 fa 0-2>
0’7
■Rui>b^r
p-a-ueJ
to
0'8
h> O'?
0'5
t o%
i'
1 !••
il
cracks in 'ypuiAd >/ilLhay&.
Y
be
T<?
b_e__ .f.L^ttenei__
filled
i*i4„ s___.9-t--
_p
€UI^a£^_I*l—
rg-Pefable.,.jp
.-pRI^ Opp^?.
huwan / animal----------
_!<ee|?.Jt .„Safe__fkGm.
TO
^-'1! ha’'fa—
nece ^sa r}) _ __'fa<'—tfag—
buLLir ..up.
£lope
n> mounts
SCWth a
patch *d
To
. ;;v;:
-jp. j
.,
■■
—-
&ug2ear^_ch^r^L..r^
■pie
run-off .our turr^are. generally
keep
the
l^r
longer
- j!
nor doJh^
.
V ■'
"r
/ar.^lon^uj. ted±urn$^!ts—do_.hol^-----
perfor mare
J
(bran
wd%„ ^Iveo
paraffin
^pensfee ,0^,
a
a.
reasonable
^abar-^JH dunjfi -t- £1.^
H '
p^f^r-------
e&rv^ inUtiir®... plastered- o^L.-.
I
&._..a.
-flcor.
SouigAz
normal
Ln— 9ndi’an
practice
yFllayes.
...
and
_kno£f__ pr^ctLCaJ--------------------------------------
Ji ;
water
2>* _£pnk_ of-_±eit cara
„carrL«i .._cm<fe.mf.naTW'_m —-;'
col ledLOTL- a r4*
_rf aa
, '»*•
the JfablI“ti£s. inherrent__2?—
fu f <R<r__ a^5LYaYate4_.
5a b -
I
usuajb/
Ca)‘ch nients
groy rtd
Qn. open---------- j
Gollecr^d
cu F IlS<d r<a w^a (
here
|
■
pumps,
of-
>
nof
...and
and ... ^er JreaL'd^tk....
4£aa f ecTFem
!®gj .feigme Bf<W-1 -’------------- -—■ • - -
ca to k
Roof
A
are
__ e^sehU'aH.j
e^sehlTall
roof
. _ Al at H
•a-vxdi
R W ti .a
fczr
•*
Most*
tXe
di'Acyii.sed
roof
de^igheJ
e .. _ offer i
j>>ould
do
for
.non-pe/cplali
idea) _.^d ?
s_ fyr ._.
-f^---
npn -^.FNbFlj^ .
. wfem roofi^ mater)
Jpelpvr?.-------- ------
------------------------
-------
—
s>
Malklials
■Roepiny
Y
Hots
absorberif'
Cff^crele z
hia+eriaJ^_d»ke
-LCQ.n / Man^ahre liks z stone /slafo _ sl^hs
easTejstl_ajidL
V
halp rpqnd
ecu ntry
cue 11
^ured
pal™. ^Qt'che^.....no
^^Pjp\e_rv\ ?
.^xoept
par.....Ihe... greater ..dFr|
uAfch
c
ptaW^_ stLCpares
Lea.dlJy._
The
E.uen
R W H_a
■and
VnosT
ef-c
wpulJ ..re^ixlre
Cer raf u\
more
Itltle
(^-v\d
.thatches
colour
visual
kn ay
.T
Roopfn.
ckew i £-al£
Them
Ca^e.
be^cc->v\ a
•
Matetf'i’ais
5A._ *r)r)£_CG_n^
s_.... are
50 o
may
boTlCnj
and
U^uih^bta
be
ovaler
uj h °ch
*?ep<rre
Cinder
the
non - potable f ?n
op^ewce
(oad______
flus^t3^ <•
sotvxq
necessary
• __ Piastre
se/jbus
uahTle
p<o | tr at«an
b ro jo er
|G>ok o
a
les
ultr«a chokt"
Th-ey
flit
dyrada1f<m The^
*22^ _ lea-ch
pa/Vcular ly
a-s
Case
oqh
haz-ardok S
6?^
recyc^d
hna^
Carrj-f loosened
pjailici
>■-....
As t» e> tos
Ce ha e nt
roop
ke2
-ff brd’s
ooh Teh
Le^d
ba^ed
roop?
Make
Tke
UJdTer
Callee'llG-n
^re
m ate rial
te
harmpu I 9
or
surfaces
harm Ac) u
IF'
Io
Ku^-opf C^efflcignh - «o°p^
foo-£s
GtTa //ft™*
~1c^y r ak
- O
Slalei
<3.1 •
^heeb /o^r >y^Theirci
F tah
TOOT5
- C>r9
0’7
Ga’ncrehZ
O *3
p^ej
Pl-e^^e
‘‘h
ejcceed
the
e ne-edz
1he^5eli/e^
b^i\y ser*ousl'-|
roof area$
^Fbra^e
(needs
n^anj
jfce
tV\Q a'fjW)>'dabl Kfy
i/jhole
Ca.lcu.l^tfo^
vs&y
Tke.
dictated by
hag&fe hold r
_lhe
h^e +□ J&it-Mf
nn
.x—....
Roop
>
parT^ op d5ux cpunjll
^oU „ih.al”
Q
o ’
_^?p
p
selected
ctn
fdiif
t/a y i <DuS
re'ason^ <^p c/2st arxd
C<on$Tro)cTrov4
co^\/e-y\f evACfi c
KWH
^r n^le
th
P^r/AS ar£
pfl'ch
They
Hoi/Jeirer
lA/TtW^uF
TKis
fr>uGh
Ca
be
ad a pte<4
jrppcu. lV
offers 15? ^5“est’ cdkctfc>\
on. ._On«
sTde
cows^d e.r ab^
Cvdt?rvj
C<rd~5
poKNls
4
KWH
Fl
single;
dou bl
tai
I-
(?y ra hrndt
roof
n^lhkethu ( ■,hner C£,u'
)
►
K
Vau Ited
roo
II
pi :
_y^!?X
€-OUld
b<3
b.tPu^ht__^^.elfterL._ ahd_^atKis^-t5l_
-----
tak&
l>£^1L
on._elfoef
-tV*
onQ
fs
fyrainr4 ropf__ 1
waulJ
^TJe
Jq.
Aliern^O
___
More
colic ch L
To
r mS
roof.
^^c$4^Lta1Tn^.__..^.uitefln^..
__
n^hk
pth^k -
_. J__.._Coknrn^n _!^dK«__ AQMlhe™ .park of.._
__ c-ouk)trjy
provrd i
-
_________________________________________________ lla
bu
fl? e
h <? u s e
fa r a.L>??p s r all
a
a Isp
Iso
|s
5
ocru v*en **?wT
ver j
RWHLji- Th_ —thh®T______ rh<
Cah
be
coll ecteJ
cour Kjard
alo'Vyp
____ccxarr ruh
Fb IKe__ I inn er______
tbg_
u/>tK
__ Ijha _ja_ f uk^urH£e
tan
kp^<?ye4*„.1tiu
Ph®:
J
a
fc
not
outer
panels
or
n> Ore
fee
brcujht into £eryrc€ a$
SeCah^ary
op
fa*
source Q
^una 7h<4e
l/aulti_yau*tl__ ^rA._bepp>nin3
.dofKa 'wwy ..J^lft? ^-^ros
pop^l^r
neater fa Is l<*ke
t“o
_. _.t Fl^ ropfo^have been j?lu/>4S
__.„pjrpyl^
P^llect__ cm's
_Jr‘>pLP'
I
^tone
hnaterf al
t^Ug
tp
tfr-g
to
doi>rnTak<2.
r___fp
u/» tho uF fpr rrtfVJ___ pools * The
^lab
ulJ
hold
ar lea<t
have
b'ack
a
splashes o
^rora^e
f>U /(ooSQ
_________________________
Calcul ^~ho-n $.
for d.om<a^1fc
J^e
j
lh?__ £o I[o_4aJ lA^_______________________
P^aJ_ Upcrn
UJoter culture of the co^nmunriy
tfcc
d^terrnin*. _______
b\«. dail^ ^KSU^p0^
or IkouithtyM to^__lASer2
3
-a
b
___
c
___
hu^ber
sfora^a
Th<4<i
•a
C-abcUx m eryV
___
br<ck IjlL para^ef
o^.e
Catch
Ske
..
fp-r*
the
crater
^otnlA
to
yx^-
bu?lt
haa 'to bo
I
a Ad
flat-
ccnTt The
_.TVie_.
"fg-ch
n Tc^l o 1^- 9e2t^r§lly
fa/__
la^
F _?»\d
z
CzrYA vr\€K surale
hoT
aja C£_
p^Xpo
Th
co^F
^x.» bk
l>a^
r -- Th
clarity- 3Ikn o£F all
_ 1Xr&
Y
te__ R C C
Of
brfok J-a ck arche^. o
avvJ
Are^
*3
:
of •ferai’c^ dav|£ _ ________
S
.
c
b
Tke catek\iv\ e/xt
^tora^e
parity
a punclFori dr£in
a
fcTA 'tia
4
.pr^cff^tdirpn
run-off
tK/e <atcP\»Y\^ $>u,rpi co. i
Coe^\ CA^v\T
Q ik ^c^uare rn^fres.^
Are^
S
RF x RC
w h€.fA
RF
RC
«
Rnwal
raiv'fJl
a Ruivoff
j*
coeppci’e^f of
sqr^ce
GUTIEgs
v
Gutters
normally -employed
^re
roof
_._thro qj_ ff a iva <j
(V a J I s
To
C£ry-y 'the ____
to
pr o m__ d a m a^e and
guard the
One
fs
$cn I
drscolourali^n„ as also
pound at Con o ^SlS-XYH-j
near
[rite rested
ujater To
carry fny
thfs
drfnkfnq
use o Vt/kfle m
CollecTlovy
tLy) ks
kvok\
^.pj^ircairovi Tine gutt^rs. Cz>uIId be______
KVYH
^^rw^'dered
'f<9r
d fsp«hJ^_2 I Aa *y w u nd erf___
'a
fr afnT^ z ftRy
are
m h nvo
va ece ssi^ty
a
/-
TKe
- GrTrfcaltby
of gutters
1k'M* revered
Kb/JdL___e^^
b
-a
tkus
4
unimportant
rather
hard u/a re
f hem
receives ._scanty, ^uper ui^j o-^ o
I ey ^ay
czrrA£/>
f< VVH
to
r^H^taUy?
Ike. . roof
'as
a
utters
roh
houst
to
^fven
recefue
but
lh^
fu^.... t-L. To^ypwfde.
gutter
S^dfovi
area 0
9v->
•^.IrcFn^ encrv^^
Crf
Gutters,
to
far
addrffovi
ea^ch
hot
a.
m
cm ** op
* of"
_
...
tt\e. gutter $kxru.^
“take
(A>e?g kb
i^Tq.t
^M£LJM keav’fest
usually
the
close
our
o|2~ ^utt’er
be
uU
V\/e may
tre-at So.
f^A^oy
and
ybOlA^Q.
th
but
PfEnenjsfcm^
roo^
df
^Fevvi
PsW H
I-
protect the.
To
trfrated
3^4
+urbul€iAC<
out of ^alua ^r^4__
(4
/
o
s nd
i ron
TV\e,
re Cow}
A
°P
<s/vtd
foil cric
T
ServT ce 4
Pivnen^ron;
Gutter
Half ft>u h d
KH2-
7htGkkqe55
ftecTY linear
diameter
of 0.1 • shocf
rg kn
25
80
40
105
40
(bO
12*5
60
Xloo
0’7
oo
IO&
150
75 X HO
o-7
loo
- 1^0
\9O
9o X 140
O *7
160
250
250
115 X \9O
O-&
I es$ finan
o-G>5
X-^5
O *65
.. - — A--------
of
s tV u cbc{ fa]
utter
<faY
tt>e
U)h?)e
tn eTre
$u l^orte
this
♦-
ab
haY*
o£
UJe?rer
/ fbr e\/ery
2.20
-Pu I)
load
and "the
be
i/ery
^ood
io
1
to
carr^
Thrckves3e3 kave
load* TU2’
G. I .
sheel"
uror ked
OlX^
•f-br
one
metre
centre
to Centre
br^cketj o
The
bra eke t;
utters
tuoidd
UJa'ter
would
been
vn|>xo op
ah
-tke
^7
J?.
h __£tyon^
£ wc
uck
'p&rl
I
The
30
J kj
cs»rry
larjesf around
Ien^.TK
and Thti tnethod
V
Tm
i m portahTo The.
Ts
elern e nt$
SKxalle^tt
To
.bra_dke.fe
Tke
iecuri^t)
op The
sTrencjlh
msterTa^ The.
g utt erf m6)
Th
TTi e
Be;
&y&c
or Sa^
under
load z
fatJ_s.arii‘ lady
bestde
loe\
otKer
otXer
the
:
supported
da m
aY|
./co
057 68 Ar v<V^e'0' /AJ
io/
i
I
)
-
G(jfter
ho ri'zontsl
i lo
4
>?i
4
15
=n—
£lo |2e
o£ Gutt~er
»
?lcr[9^7(
'fou^rds "Th*
doujvj ta he
^luent‘_ £|ooo
The
g utters
should
so as to
L> &
ensure.
should_ b& Tathat__
Cars,
J
^re_ nc?
IKe/e
de.-pressCoM^
or
'forrvy __^uo(dL!«£._cohfch
err
breed
^Q^c^cLi
^\ope.
4^9—.
<S • I •
uil^
rrieJce
levvjTk o
E?X _1 °
>-
^ap
beture^iq The
loKkj
raQ
j''
root
e/ftTre
p fo
m
raqge
^222°? _
lead td_a bf^
gufror (to knetre
of
avoided
al*
every
1°
5119 hr I
o at u/d fd$_
jz>
drrppL»ng
wiualk^
b< •also
and
be able
hot
9
[A'
^.12.... ur^uld
b</_ plgC/3 ng____
Petrey _jp.r. so.z
r> aj ea Ne J J fn ? Is. u _
porta nt to
°fe_ that
recrari^ular
s haul J be sloped
j
to ensure
^\d
nna^
gutter-
q af> ._ brp UJ ht"...„dpurn io
C
♦
1,5 ■ 3 •’ 5
eaves and itj-e
'Mne
Uno.
a
Ty <_
The re<u>vn
&a>
a- gap o^-_ 9- to iS
LH_ Th^r ,.P?5e
ThJj?
hnag_ hp/!?QU_C 4frL/ _
slope. iry\a<j
. rao^, 'fW.s
<^h * ch
gag s
total
d ram^e
Al+ennaliVe
to
C^st an.d
to "the
£ ij5 m rc
j^ster
M^+erfals
<3 < J >
guite.r^... kyv^y
avaUabflrty
-a ter in^|iVe,;
be
i
u ° u d __
constraint; _«nAy
poZht'
_
------ ----J--- -
Ji
I id
L_.
L
PTaphra^^^
t>e Ch'sdlezi
Half Bamboo
J
-4
^Fck (?aLU
•er 5^/-
Length
Joint
Half Bambcd 6utte^
G Lid e
~rb.(b
3 V'erij
J5
^Tmpla
av\d
jev\e/peia$ (°ue rnefaod » Bui"
apj? I feeble
applfa^ble
fs
rf" fs
i’U^p^ceS
©h\^ /te
Of
Ccrv\C/ei~e
A
o
£ tbne
ledge fs
JTnvaed
«
?n
I
3-pproprT-aIS
rT^le
H'b^^rds
•^<jure
Q \~Of}^ y
i-e.
/the
across
knortar
haortar
'angle
Me
to gjufde
slo^e
the
^/aTe/r
dcrumtake
kn^d«
b-e_ ea$?|j
CT u.’ti'e. r
A.
b'an^boo^^
Cr|_
on t
h'a/VAOG^
(* p
i
I
4 di°aeber $ 't"2>O wirn are
o
I'a
Qf(H r\ ts
tftq cube
Le \n
haade
(of-
maL'ching
f'K a.t”ch f m
Uoa
rubber
J<oLy)l®v'
C'^y}
cutTrn^
by
ufbirH Ny
clo^e
Ih
be
ba mboos
sfaej) +0
□ Id
L 'fvor^
5heet
u nde r n e a fix' »
f f Oyv\
5heed“
+0
butt
£o?y\.T
hot"
bi Lumen u
both
should
knoTov tu be>sj) as a
by
Cau I l<oj
be
a hack
Secure 1He
bambGor
The
by
by
£ace
fru
G • |.
B^d
rubber
un re « Th a.
^Galcd
nalfuely
Tbe JoiKie
bann boo
of
pf-eoA
i
Gau Id
|pe
•a^noTLer
tWchl‘T5-
G>i/ey >fGe „
BavxabrH)
NW
of re^ufred
h/h-eAA
Gt re
^utter^
i^of
reeddy
auaf (able
di^nAeTef
could
)
be
h^sde
a
tubrn^
20
^embco
Vna4e Tb 5iz^
Gu'H’ef
Qrap(vnj)
<
bamboo Reit^fnt
L_.
•j
.x-r
Ma^iVvj 'foe <~?uuer
I
Method of p)<l^9
A
CAMECO MAT GUTTERS
bFiurner)
Mortar c^ulkiVi^
Prsckel' PU/ikl
o
b
|
r
♦
Woo DE H
(3(jTTg g
17.
out*
I
polygene
of
-^heeC _dra|?.e^
b»>viboo
t^'afs.
lAJOV'ev) to
app/opr I ale
(a4 cdtj
c aIc u I
^-rom The
cl Ta kne't'e r*
o.p fhe
should
v'e^ujj’ed
I
-
^7should
should
pok/rhene.. 5'hee.l'
b.^—iaj elded
■
A^ter',. .
5U[fface __________
t ouo
dr a png > lh«
0^
gutter
i
heated
LtQtk__^_L__?yIIg _
be
This
53^Jujfch
shouU
IKe
ba mbogf
re^lVafinf
m putlt^d
th e n
bracked
_____
,
■,
-
-
o n ___ .
and
.
,
-
——-—-
,
—
»
[s trfed only
C/7^se fi^le
ordinary
35
roopo
£>P foe
r^p+e^
+o
=>/■ Ove place,____
but found.pro^iiln^y
nc>ri .
A
«uld ,_al5Q Jbe_L..1_______
Guiters
Made,
ouf
P^kere
31/ailabj-c in ...Lengths,. . ._ . .
timber flanks
cosr?__A ' V shaped
fs _._out
notch
brackeh
___________
jola^ks
and the length
Hsfled toy&tkef
The
♦
ujcllII as
'as ho Ute
35 ujc
Sealed
^ffh
should be Caulked
j^l
grcci/e betujeen Tbe
3nd
___
heafed
bnfurnen sand
i ■•
'4
I
1
Mo y ta r
B^X
Un tfe
av\c( TCmb^
bam toe _ 3nd
[P
^posed
irmber
to ^uv\.
h^\/c a
shfiif
Ya m
a$ \s.......
J
-A-T
'^r
waFer
4bt
Zu-----
1 /
3
------------------- ^yclc
Rubber Tube
'
Rcibher Cen'ienT
6 1
& 1
UJ
1
Detail of
Vertical Jolht
Hot hTtakien
/ih all pore;
Rub txt’ strfp
i-
ir> rubber cemen
befbueeh bam tooJ
befoYG ^Trial
w
Po.nt^
Joint
Gutter - POWNTAKE
vu-aler
i
I&
4
h'ule^
out
htzayy
m-etal
4- 3 ye^af
p'a.Vnt
■p’i'
TradftTorta)
Bah f
9p
plants
bamboo
bamboc>^ X^oiaM.
lunar
h>
pen od
(A/bfe /
op
etc
av\di
erecT^cs>|^
a
ti^e
jdaLk h^l
tke
P f^Jec
th?
should
be
Fn
.
r\<e^
♦
a kniPnrmurn
On removali.'povi
o ^wknedTadely
hn’i ru
-pSMi/xt
t/rcmif’y
coater all
should
•pr/-
A
m Jte
bamboos
6h^<4
vv) eTk\od
n9^ into u/aler ffu||
Ovxq.
"t£\e
■&v\d
dipped
uh It
be
be
exterior useo
pbr
-piled,
be
and
mcrntt
are
czjiaIJ
tfo MaTeri^ak
uJater j ste'ayri^ y srvooke
lead
a
CreO£Qt§ / Ch^mtcal /
+^ited
treatrnerfts o "The
un l^_
Se^scmed
ujffK
and
Irred
i*-/ater U5e
case.- pnVi iKTr-^
happen th this
ttouhd to
be flacked ^erdtcaHy/n
7
foY’ a^V dr^tnjo
5
a p p 11 c±d
^pter
pull
pdibrroaTfcm
Si tu •*
^(TA
B g» m boo
K/hola
Pov) h t?> ke
bamboos
V^u r n i n
op?
cam
the
3are
ual I a b
(Here -are
a£
be, used
nodes
tn
5 u.qy e^liah 5
not 'Tn'ed any
/-ar
kyiowiedc} e
to The.
____ _____ -
do(Ary\ fa.ke
f£ ba^nb^O5
at
rij^ h*"
^ome exploratory
^ome
♦
<o
1
he re
pn^
-fl OO 'kvjYv\
feiV u/^Ter
4^
I
r^otor tycU tube
Vo
/
X
• 1 -
- - -f11
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roofo .reKnafn drj fby .{onj ^££ore_
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anfmal
Th.e^._pryr ^hpujrers >end..doay^_ a hTud£y_„
•thfs
per fod u
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thfc
into
storage o
tb
goi
to get The . roo.'f
A
repys^ . Thti Pan^o’t
5Cur^<e5. t>rooinedl and
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rains
dTrt
thfs
fs
flushes
sir ii
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^fvn pie. manual
usually
Motcrf 0-4
juJ&e
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aoT
be
mosF o(^ ttnfs
en6>u^h and The
rejected .
dfzerter
Th a 11 a nd
amd
<?£ 5 ho W H
ketch .... ___________
MeMod
_ M.
+0
rtd
gets
be... Made out" cf old __ __
... cam
E
allo^d
A ^e^eralhy observed ^recaulum
before The
but
°n._ .the .__rppp dariVyg
accumuble
droppings etc
he-^vy
U/3£ dey’elcTpaJ
lb get lid. __o^dusl^
dtrr .au.rPMaTiocalE__
.._ ,as._ yhoiArn tVi-ji'ie. ^kctchj?________
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general ...rije
re 1 Cab k_
5
s’^pl^r vneThpd^ are
altknt IP nJ gvel... dro ps „a £ijer tts e A' r* s
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fu^^lLP.hr.n^ _^t jt>__ ;_____
JeP,p>3rdi<La thl... _.?.L^£lLlhl4^ they___________
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rnore
b£ ^tp.ra^e^
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Rafn wafer
Leases etc
4-
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0
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^tora^e
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—
ftL_J
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1
slab r<2Op
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o
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o
a
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Itauc’S et<s
<rib
4
FILTER, FOR
GROUND LATCRM ENT
filters
I
Frites
cvd le r
5 Tor
e
5 te M5
but
-for
fC)0P..
mounted
on
on
not onlj£
c The
The 77
^re
oontafner
fh<>
into _tF>2-
►ntranls
-fu^Ther
all
pot
knust
'^h^plute
besT
to
dfs^llouJ
i^ateVo_____
-p'lle/' a
o
7V\T<,
coa r^e
to
meant
keep <oui*
leave.; and
^T^edI refuse •
otKef
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on<2
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as
Je^epS
Ifght 35
out
he^^/y ^olfd^ _^.*ld
^'9
51 If - The flow ba-PPte arrests
pps&Lbili fy
c
reducfnO) the
s pead
The
of-
dirt gafe-
crashing vJ hile dhe
out’ po^Tfn^
pfpe ajILoiA/£ _ o njy *<4 per.?
pi.i&>... The /TTanarr^
hjara^iT
kee
fr ne
urate.r In the XTorM
JecwTn<) Th*-
ir J°n Jhg ...fl I I e r .pot’ To l>e retT?py_?^_. fror^
■tCrvie _ To .dime „
4
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g ht h/
fa 12
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o
pl Ter
Thi°>
in
opt^n Employed
R^j^-sTpah
Ua^ge
but'’
(eaves
3 IIolajs
p° ^£5 Z)
keeps7 Out’
a Ad
^flt
ploa’lf'iAg
■fa
■
1
b
2
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4/
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Coyer
g- Man hole.
■^_Cb v*r
!i
i
nriTMi'i nr
3
UNDER CARVEP CONCRETE. TANK
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TKv>
a
fs
Foul
Flu.s>h
i/e^^
noterifsTmj
I
9)" allows
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5urhaWe_. -for
parl'cylariy
uhujarne^
<5|i-
co lie c.T?cm
ra'ns z
poul p]u-SL.__
ftjtd c/y
4* wtcryvnaji* Cally Q . ._. ..?___
9?
hL®rks
c^-
a.
has 15___
tM
woods m
____ _ _ __
^loah
_
tke
’__
wjhfch tfIFs •
dhe c/“ueiFe-f'
£-lu.$t
..... .
i
^cr
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l%
tlxe
fee epda ole
._
fndrcaW
o;
iktFck 0
di0o-erher
^s5y AAgF n’call
vj-fl f in ■g» !4-t|
pos° t-fcm eJ
'tflheJ
kjoodeh
'towards
th h^VA
^lQ5h.
a channel
thtej
£u I c <u
cm
'the
contaf nG_r_, _
rejector
^loci t Oh
Uz
1 e.i’ h t*
fo
I tve
do (warcis
Tte
refecltr/.^
hai J’usl- chou^Ia
cham nel
Ts
rj
^t’lleJ ’h tK«t ^oui
GvccT-e r O) eh A
rece^l'a_c)i e , TKe. WO od en t£lo ad
tXe
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eh I ir^teJ
c
au|5 a Icx^
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f^e
ck “^ert’ey
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to ura rd s
toe ...Conl'a/fne^^
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4<
u/cTer
rwofbr cycle. Tube
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X
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MAN^L
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2
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— h<fa.v7
50l“d^
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4o be renro^
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detail
)
THAILAND TRAP
ly
4/
□
/n\i kT
+y<ap I
refiAe l’>ke kave^>
To
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pa^lf
part?
h n d ...c?>icl i
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ik
tRe
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vaoI"
all
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z. .7 b rafAs tRrcu^ou]'_____
^€arlc|
d'a<| « Hou/ci/er
'e.uery
these lc?Ga1 r^r-A^ J^redrfnkr»nj
p'ar't iculark|
—^vxd
p©r1( cz^/^rIlj
_
^7'£e'
chafer- proi’le^vj d
9h. suck..^kAall*<P^
or o gr^up?....o^
.
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>
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e
be. To
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d o(x /| tdk+T....
co -afek
S t“o r a<i ^.._. d r u hi.
or OuTsyde,
0t/e.r pow
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Oi/er PIoIaj
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ffie
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o
r£w\ai r\
^ree
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ur^Tev
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be
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>/jaa<Ac\
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Automatic Foul Flush REJfCTOK
4.
0
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HAND POMP
■— pne-C^T COVER,
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TWINERS
S>TORA
container fs -the. i^ost eAperisfyc
A
I
apo
cryciJ cg^onent of the
-BVYHL-
Thi $ Js pa^iccdarly th4e.ln. c /hnares
ttat. celleclbn.^.
I OU. Sidia
.^35
^Ore apart in ttne,
be- -..A“x monlhs or
... TilL then Jhe tank_hag^fp
from
keep ttje uiater___
far m ‘dabIe enernfeg Itke le.a kajgy
5uch
•eya1?oran^^un^ne,
In i‘oh ...coir
.__The
o P—C^^t^rncf-S
^^J-cteile d
research—fn
aJ ternalrk/e^ - lom cost
Pht
break throughd±_yef
U5
kt ’ -Jhe-. ..edhuf .’as
■
nerafed
OpTlOhJ t
..fn
bu_
---- tenfeg^. reinforced tanks of y on
Cih d O ine^T aJ fead mai
....
low bu d^el- enUugt’asrti
------ fr45Frat'crn «_ -The
--------
ghort liVed
kakun^
Cernent Jars
and led
To
faJ|ed
bottoin^.jnitanc^.
hn^ be Jgxerc^ed jn
prpmoir^
w elLlkfW. .ife ch.nolo5 f^s
■for__
5tojia^ e._ cont’a fn-ers .
4
Op ^crrtfca]
ktnd^
A
require rkienfe
contz»7 ners
Secure^ mah-hole
(would
be
,
oontaMfn^nU and I^Mne
fnlefr pytg£
7
An
over £ Iq 1*1
a rrar^ejv) e^
A
sump (and
clean o u_t_
-fioY'— f lu$h°r)u
for Oiqer ground tan ks'}
A tn
gy 5 tern
extractfoh
ttiatt
coni'am’qat^
»_<5utt
_A_ ?y^eYb £<?r
£\-e menti
oj- ttte
line
water
sprit
k
keeP3
_ ________
add to The ulrlfhy
i^ould
sy stbjrn
-
urjter level Tndfcatcrr
A
_ -flush_ refecticrn
P21-_the
■"_A_b?Pk
■" . A.
.
secpndart
ca^g
ujJlTdjnau^eind
5ub Surface JantS C/tt
p.f,over ground tanks ) to
Tie
the
qoll.ecp
Cattle
Cattie
foY'
system________
splp (xater and puerfl ou>
oq plontt ojatertny
I
<
&LOa</57ONE / &RICK
THese
rft-e
imater°a
mraterra b
unttry
Murttu
>nd
and The
p r Late ly
(would
-are
2(
Mor.ta<\
00
nv^0My
cxrA^dnly
skflls
skrlls
ffeld
javail-able. 0
qpn5t'ructr<TH_'^'ren ea_s 'er,
m’ter lock,!bn ck desfqn hao
'a
ail o;i/cr
d ^e^ed __ clone /latent*. H oc ks
mak.^ Ttte
'frcm-'i TPaJIavxd
used
butt b
$uccd$5.
The
been reported
yeb t'o tnake grade 35
roof, of the
tank
23
o
b’2' but It m
c^tin
P*£G j Sfone slabsor Jn br’ck
skTlL
per ^raf |abr|rri|
7
n
o
‘S’ixpervisicm
toivards
Cata ter proof-
pjastert^ fo Fnsyde^ Surtees
are
ei/eh
ca /\^enfenl^
(flfk-e
More
in
precast
-^orm
Centrfpci^alh^
rnocvU^
u
Moolpep
Plastfc
‘Thes.e
about"
are
S to raj e
T<s>n ks
•a va-f 13bl<2.
m
plAjH
The^e
fn
mterestfhj
For'
drftVc.a)h
have 'afhifn^
t^nks
zl-s
drfnkfry^
and
ToUtyx^
use-dA
facJ\s )
be cu.l~ ahd
h^s
o^ef
clort^
s'h^yld
sf'rt'c.heJ
shauy^
are.
l‘Q M3
me03od
gunny
^Ter
^ountr^
been
Cemenh Morfa-r Jars
Ke^
.
yahda/ and
to
recent” "ttrne^
rno 5^
coih
Kna^ ouTiueijt,
^^sce^lfble
J/VFkS
k/er^
~T (aj o
m^jt" •exfpen.sfi/e. „ guh
popujarfhj
(
phenomenal
/\
th nks 0
certain
*
Attacks> p
be ac/apte4;
Tanks
Tbe
M
rodent"
IV'
Cah
(xaT^rtigbr Mi/htness
£3ut Theiy
-4-
l3o
s forage
ccrr\
but" m<5ky he
or par1i*&||^
t*o . wake
-[Heir
st<cce^»
p recast"
)
(Aj-ell -
e^penSi(/e
-p»pe) J\CC
111
3 nd
Concrete- Tanks
toNF&FkCED
These
'e^sure^
normally
Thorough
Tf
proportioned Mortar^
u/ejl
bo
c/ph>
Tfr^h
z
err out
2*a M
//
/
\
I
I
/
I
\
V-
J
A
/•£. M
i
I —
I
the hoftoml^5
Afhsf
in$rJ«^ ^ut’
+o
pi-^$terrng
<?y^^ ‘bo
neaT
provTde a
"fa. fA
botrom.. op lank/
M
c£f<d& oy\ We ground » Plaoe
half- brreks or
nvaMe Jhe
To
2 i/a Fla bl<^
h^al'erfal
<5tRe,r
Some
•ar me. $C\-&
bo oo nta I n th r>
od rol(^ o Pl'a6e
polyitione^ ^/paper*
ouer thus
•S heeXt nj
to
break
ja-r
to
TnscXbe-d C/rcI^-
th The
Czmtaor
b -s
M Cx
ovzer rl~o
made
1*2
c-ement Sand
txJd.rer
a.nd
rnT/^aJ
Thorough 1^
marl'd r
by
th ?s
ba^
O-G parts
ae.w\ £nt~ aeldeJ "Thereapf-ey1
bueTtjht d>P
nd
*
TFvfs
tKe
on
cenne^t"
P'efo*'5- We
dr^Tn^- place
^harb
husk .
Make >urc
out*
fro>Y3
ytu-der
The ed^<es
TiAck^
IpeT^ezin
-bo
bet
Cr^-
the
stTcKs.. _._
op TRe
and
^acl<
avad the b^se.
6ueJjjhh
dotj“n b<^ the
QP(’ci
p3|| z u/Ttr s(aPVcienf
all aroiVA^c
the 'Top
wooden
cm
tfe.
a r\d
unto
t?ie
20
1h« rnorfer b-ase
Sket'cJn
a net
Fold
n
a.rr<rvj ^*nd d.oM
narreruj
$-Kel ^ack
the
TFu?
held
baxj
ba
rnPhoal
5acK sa^ dush/sand/
nca
the
I 3 rn rn
5ets - bul~ -a^te r
g-ackin^
f’lli'ng .We
o^L
th*cKHes3
plahe.
fhe.
Tri
4 )
a
to
cd role
r\ng
casifH^
The
^modTh
re^ul^’T ^ha-p«2.
o MaM-
prec&6^ one fn cemenf mortar^
(^or
or
external
a
?b clo^ o
dfa
(“jos
bo
o>p
t^orK a-S
open”o
■porm uJOrK
f ' 3A
Li
IS
4
fJZ)
1 <3HMA'
'Gha la 1
e-a n s
<^ ranary
basket I’h
Keny^^ Cernent
'fhes*
To
1
Vv\or fa r
plas Icred
is
cutter
a
a
store
An y
<Tron^
has kef
9n
nn a kf^
tBe
of
to
c m
ensure
U/afer
pfpe,
rhoi^/d
be
structure.
m3
C'ap'&clhj )
metres
T73
Top
piMrpc>.Je .
<d<°a
receive cemcre fe
docket
sketch
Th T c l\
C k>3
Th^j
bottoTr)
better
the
Lei/el
IAJ o r k Hryj
1*2^4-
a
far
j-^o and^ttar]
nc
s
deep
S -o
do
ojoLdd
rt^s
por
l>a mb<w
basket; 7he
fn The
3.
op
C^MXc/criod C2-’^
1 . Ccrv\$ tr u cb a
Place
z?uh
made
lAjoi/er; oaf
fiasketi Cou/J
be
Methqp
t'rad Fh’onally
is
shrqb
lAroody
o ^nmi” lte.c|
o
Ghala
3lso
2.0
basker
In
Keny a,
"Z.
OH
o
c cm c re l<
drouwj
the
r''p& dr^^emeHl" and embedJtnj
rt- ih TKe proc^^ a
-fa
&e£ore
rh e
l^l aCe
O~rr
b
o Ito m l^ss
bottom
(O^O trail
^.ly
6 hould
■f
terete Jo^r Jens
On
^tn k
15-20
nn hn
t’O
Pc4‘’ld
a
t
^,aAe. y
basket
The concrete
dep [t\
re Tam Tn g
allo iaj the
5.
fhat o 7T)e
intZ)
to
bcis PeP
hoiJ
tAj hole
Go on
foe
th a
JoisKet'
th tnj
StarlT pl^jerin^ the TnsFcle.
o
'•/ m
to
p* r rv) )y
c*
*
i n ^JdLe
harden-
the
tahk
prorn
PoitpiTi up / da.shmg hard.,._pn. the. u/eave_ 50 as._t’o_ iworK
ft
and
5rneari'n_6j
1^e
MJtn
Ihfck,
..15Take
care
iht&.
4
~1'
l^hfly
15
wnn
and
Oohd the S?cies u/trti the
to
Cutth
of the
£rije)",j^
first
Coah^ scratch
the.. second. Goat,
ap^
piaPZred
dWIarly
Tn
--4—
’fe.hh- hy
dr^ptn^. u/etl. 5acks
IT)£
cement. ^efs ,
_
the
1°
thTc kne55__ c>p
After J 2 hour5? p/J
C3pDc!i^y^
’ 5__ c rn __ de p e n d
up gn -foe
o-p en’m^ o
unper-gakver
QQncr
ThK Jfe anpTher -.mtere^lrnj metho</ Sm‘table ft■or____
co hsTructed
p-
sot If
nor mal
pQrmuiQrk..
'0
Capacity
M3
4.
cross
seel fan A To^cfrck
iVs’de clraMeher of-
sfd^s
u/t Ih
sofl 3nd
Cj*^
^Jurr?y_®
of
melYcs
plaster The
and ccw durjJ
excavated
on _..IKe fhsfcle
Tavnp fh
Up
t*o
z (Aiffhowlr
soc^x^oern
i-
Tamp up The
dotyn
T^rtk
•a_ tr^ncH
Th
roop
cfrcle
j-orm a vnound
___
around. The.___
4
the
____
ferro cement’ or CeJ^f'Orc.ed ccrv\cre.1^
Tin
Ca$h
Ifd
he
Goats^Maqld^elr^.
^o
t"O . qjA&rrer
/feyik.
another.
The putstde.. Ma^. new
ThtckneSS.
_ Tank . after the
8.
drying
aftter
ImmedtsPky
ft
^ortar ffrsT Coat
£!22Pp1h.en . ■Sh.a.rpn.ess;
and
6,
i:z
fib
2.
Lay
trench
J
re i°»n porce ment
bearvn
and
post ITo-n 7n^
one
ter t
df?
3-
•at
The
k e e |9
me
Lo.y
rf2:4
Ce m e n t
Tla/O
i>jee Ks
3
pro r^\
c
e-<*.ch
on
on
•arr<3 n6j e ment-
Under
f be r
rhe
CiVculgr
ry^^n holes
Two
a
±rde
c ro urn «
cp ?ron
IaJ hole
the
the
(Z..d\jvf
fefn porce nnen t"
M
ca^e
Take
U/aler fnlet
to
care
c. ho
clear
°£ 3r^nd^
ConcrelTa
Cure
ouell o
car (re
r^)i°SA
dome
to
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c7 I *
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wbrch
k^hkars
^odul<?i')
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As
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are
$ br o ly^'6'!'' 0 Th^
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PBECAiT R&IHFORC£P
CONCRETE R1N&
- PLACE PCJR.
man hole.
PRICKS
LAIP on
CANP (REMOVAL OF
*r
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FILLING
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pvank;
//
%
WOODEN BLOCKS
//
7 w^'
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SUPPORT*
//
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cf
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the p/ocr
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to a
a
tth^b
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9
<2-
a^d
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wooded
behove
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the
ho
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£
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I
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CohTaiAev .
\
Comparative. Costs of ^ontajn^
PARTICULAft$_____ _________________ RAJ6 RER LITRE in &
R-anjan
2 • 00
___ Cl&fra
1-00
Ferro Cement Tsn 1<$
-2-00
d/ay
0'^0
5e^ment Tanks
( SOURCE.___ a S V
/
<F
■
_ -Y/A^ t’HA ■)
zn uc h
I
Th a
b c t’cu d g n
A
o
The
alloio
oxv/Cj^^
oxy 6)<? H
sets;
rout?
sTratTn
cracks.
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&P
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th e
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k
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4
owr p\o do
fhe
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and
k.
a
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rt .
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u •
aj iA/ci Lj
^rcrkv)
h^use «,
?>
3
J-^Tecc
a
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Pro vi°de
Hi
rejeri/oi r
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Fr a c iTd-yj
a
op
ujel
copper
k no urn
in
IT
3 Forage «
^<?r mfcide
a r ra n o) cm ent” or) tTe
I o c k iV)^
e/id
as
cue II
The
user
ijoF
m <^b)
ho I €
A
Covers
iV
v
,
9^>Tri4^F
Hegjr
HTe
May
b e com <2
Sei^FrucF
roo p
RVVH’
To
hlanF
the
p^lir^y
r <yop
a
hntr ha c
user
pO re.
To
euer j
leoi/e>
o
Idkoom
and swee^
mCTY\sGO^
a-rtd
P"rs r
the
r-ej-ect~
L^te r
hs
pici-shes
fec^
t?0
the
cle^Y o
cr ^ s Icil
KEY elements Op
project
SUCCESS
5 TOP. I E S
I
vAti 2-d
OY
kouse k\o)d
Ah
h •
I ah ola r
|°rn p|
^rcJy^ 1K?
a.v\6/
ben^p*cr^n<0€^
' benep^c r 0
nn e. yy hat\ OYy
<5 fa r te-d
iv
Comes
<2>£
9n \/olv
.
Meas z punds
part- op the
l-coiV"
|>kA<| -sfc^l
i’p
be nep* Ciary comMU^i^y
o£. the:
' pe I t
plavinir^.^
in
kn a Tn ten a nee
and
-5 ^a)l
BI6UO6RAPHY
Rai^iArahe/
t
- Arvnoia Pac*7
H-svv/eslin^
T-ech^olo^y
^ne-V/'a le
ii
RgHk\ ivaiZr
i/oi v*i
R<7trf
-
C^bGhment
O^^izJiv^
A
4
Rural
Rural
SamMfovA
-
•a-bov^c
k/a rcfke
ycf^ce frY
Techno Io ^jy
5 cT^v^ce
vVaT^ r
Kef’®*'I"
Cavwbt*(ed
r
V
rvient
Model
A
S tru cbiAr<s>
frubircelr^
Ce ntre
iv/
OrountX
H^SJe
GAT^
Vj
•u/ifa Adrian Callis
by
fc^
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Cenh-e
’
of Sc/°^Ce pn< ^///ajO9
War^/Jva
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Co n*\ p 4;. n d \ U M R e \/
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s
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S
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i'
i/ll
i
e >7 /Sa /
As Ta *1
Tus^f^u/e
Pe rsoneJ
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E ki i//7o
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ki>
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Co vn knun r’ca'Il°<M
Par^ a l/dl'Cvl
f
4
A
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/>i f-cr
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- <2>raryu‘n
V/j/l
£ov
ViS) y a n
S a kn i t*|
t3achaye' (Hl**a4/2
Vi’K^S
1
p?3?- Casting Manhole Cover
*
WITHDRAW
W/’^drawal
and
R W H__ sf-e^
ttT€
bunder a^en£
oh
©
ff~
uzoulg/
Lo
r>-nprs£5 ~thij
rtfe
u s eAf s1
hn’nds 6
tfr~e
case
C>£.
talks
can
be
eas’l^
proble m
tap
op thn
pig has
c m
op
clear
pioov
level
^v\d
the
Fu / (Kev
keep
sfltt.____________
tenk£ / hoidet/fi^^
po p u I a rMore,
&we
_ £n
to
f|^4C2
su rfate
sub
provfdfn^
al" lea^k
be
1 4l>"0
by
The
~Prfe The wTfhdrg'n/^l
sedTimeh'ted
the
<yj-
~rr\poYtav}Ce.
ground.
aioue
should
the
'aboi/e
foe.
be ~Tfte Jutcj
tackjed^
bottom u>
the
at
tap
a
t n^portait •aspect'
very
a
b
because
cp ill __ To e u * t~~
case
^ase
b_ri or p
t'
ground
sub
SGI rpa.ee
tKe
the
ca fchments ,
tan ks
3 re
c^ine. ■zdp evo
the
knuch
PreulJ
fie r be
a bi tjdraujn
t^aher gho
_ should
he.p ef
ex p u m
o l^er free
The
PY.
*h 5 Ta I |e^
structuretan-and
k
A
—v
F-1
pifcy?ble-_ hose- »
a
|arou?ded (A/*tK‘
•a^
($P
tnde jo emdeht|i| <5^ “TheUrater
+»»•<
sucked TKronjk
The.CA\fer* skvoulJ_ b-o,
5 cm dt^^hoTe per
ole
th«’s ppp^ jo 9p possible
ttiis
hole
should
be normally kept" C-lose^
I
b
l>_jwhich
'd
ffa'
should
locked 6
b-c i° /M
o
-T^ not- ^o^rtjlc____________________
o
__
IV k?e.<&
a.
clouie
aw^vj
ro j^e
or
bucket" $(|sTem
"fhii
use alone 7T and "the
<2.0 v/er
under
should
ke.-e.l2 ~tkk
bucket and
?fter
to &void
lock
use
Cannot be
bucket" and rope
uh |t\ j
CAC-lu sfve-
I
and
a-nd
ke-'j ,,
k/Up
bianhole
Th^. u
rope, fn a proteci~e4
ao^t'am°na~t"oa c
Oi/erf low
i reci__ in
i
The
lit
°s
metal
Provrde
the
RWH
roots
Instruct
catchment
and
before
trouble o
stvegp The
jugt before the
also reject The
admt'ftf’ng
only
urater „
Provndg
to
create
broom and
monsoon
muddj-flusloes
V\
moisture
user to
The
onset of
C Icar
near
roof_ aaid tanks. FallThg leaves ahd
roop.y/drid ground
F
not to plant- trees
user
search of
tn
on tti e
manhole covers.
as well as
e
nd
end
Instruct the
tank. o
known to be germicidal.,.
arrangement'
lIockTng
ockTrig arrangement
a>
extract Ton
JV
copper fn the
pFece
?ece of
some
Keep
spfIt ivater to a
and
reservoir - 3\Aja\j -from the hou^e.
Secondary
11
DO NOT^
DO^
SOME
a
plopr of- the tank.
sunnp Tn foe
facilflatl
rgi^ov/al
pp
SedrmenlVo
KBV FACTORS OF RWH SUCCESS
STORIES
T
j
1 Fg|h'
ii
Af
heed
least- part~ of
la bour
ii'i
op ]pev\eQ‘c°ar^ ,____________
comes
Involvement
^pfYi
Started
tgenep'cfaxtj o
of beneprcfa ry
I rn p I e m <enta~t To n
IV
Tdeas z p'unds ,
and
in pl a nnrn^/
vnafintenan^e o
small, pre fev^ed
household scale «•
- -r-ijnigittilMi----------
HIBLOGRAPHY
1.
Rain Water Harvesting by Arnold Pacey with Adrian Cullis;
Inb.'rmcdiato Technology publications, I King street.London
‘./OLE 8 1IW, United Kingdom (1986);
2.
Rain water Reservoirs above ground structures for
Karcnbell and sigui Gross
Republic of Germany
(1989).
3.
wardna, Maharashtra State, India
4.
(1991)7
•
SGitnce 6, Teehnoiogy for women, comfendium of Technolo lies
J-haologyf (DST!) TeciX^h^
Naw Delhi - 110 016
(1983).
5.
Sciencci & Technology for \women (compendium of Technologies)
compiled by Centre of Science
—- Villages ; Publication of
--- for
0 pt. of Science & iechnology,
Hew Delhi - 110 016 (1991).
6.
Ruin Water catchment syutanuj
systems for
Household wut
for Houjohold
water Supply by
John E.Gould, Dept, of • Environmental Eciencea University of
Botswana, Boborone, Botswana • Published by Environmental
.Sanitation Information Cint.re, Asian in.stiiuLe of Tcchnolofjy
P.O.Box 2754, Bangkok, 10501,’ Thailand (DecciiJiGr - 1991),
7,
From Ferro to Bamboo •- A Cise study and technical
- - manual to
a rain water catchment Itank
’
project by rnarcaus kaufman ;
I
Published by Yayasan nu
Yogyakarta, Indonesia (1903)“'
8.
‘';OX 19.I;ul^bUlllur.
Thar Ka paryav.iran Raise Buchaye (Hindi) jPubliLihod
:
by’
Gremin Vikas Vigyan Samiti, p.o.Jelu - Gagadi. Jodhnur
Rajasthan, India (1992).
1
’
9.
Si; Ss
K>-nt street. Suite 1001, Arlington, Virginia 22209 USA.
c
t
HiSTlTliTKHJS WORKIUG OH RAIN WATER HARVCSTIHC
INBIA
1.
Ansan, Md.Salam
Vi 1ms 1'bar 11.
o.
i > I • 11111111 > 111
Guml-i - 83 5 3 31
(iJihur)
2.
3.
Hanan Sannrahalaya
Wardha - 442 001
( Mahar a oli tr a )
Rhandari, Jagdish Sincjh
CHIRAC
Hainital,Kumaon-263138
(Uttar Pradesh)
Dev i,
< a r n a 1 <j t a
Janman'/al Mahila samit i
Dj mi risona
V1 a — i '.a y i) d»: v pur
fur 1-75 2 013
(Orissa)
4.
D wciq, Hadan La]
Himalaya Surakslian Ashram
H-44,Panchshila Park
Hc-w Delhi - 110 017
5.
Gujar, Dr.S.T.
Mah.«rashtra /vrocya Mcmd^l
M .dapsar.Pune- 411 028
(! lah.irashtra ) 8
6.
rum’ii . D vi m ii ,i
111 i e o I Science
foi A/i 1 lanes
tlay.ikur^in, Immanual Ravi
Frislii Gram Vikas Kondra
Maori, Ranchi- 835 217
(Ilihar)
7.
1'a ma lamina , 1J.
Ocindhipram Rural Institute
Garidhicjrarn - 624 302
(Tamilnadu)
0.
I' •rani , Anand
Hhiivisha: 1: .r Proj .ct
Maharashtra A»-n' ya Hand .1.
i '■ irodi , . .mqoqaon
Pune - 410 503
(Maharashtra)
10. Mani, Dr.K.A.S.
Poorle'c Research Orna
sation for Grass-root
Environmental Sciohtif
Services (PROGRESS)
1-13-623, Maqarjuna
Hyderabad - 500 017
(Andhra Pradesh)
11 . Mathen, Korah
Narottam Lalbhai Rural
Development Fund (NLR[
D-l Aurobindo Society
Vastrapur Talavadi
Ahm •dal.-.id
380 010
( 'ujarat)
12. Mishra, Anupam
Envirnnrucnt Cell
Gandhi Peace Poundatiq
Deen Dayal Upadhyay it
Hew li Ihi - 110 002
1
13. Ma;nbooi.1.rl, K.M.
APPRO
•
APPRO Fluid Unit Ill |
69, Vallu var Street I
Pat a)'ad Post
Coirnhator c
641 012
(Tamil na.du)
14.
Prakash, orn
Censort.iurn on Rural
Techndony (CORT)
1_)-3?0, L ixmi tlaqar
Dal hi - 1 10 0 22
J
15.
4
Ramani, K, 5.
Sct».ntint B,
Water Quality Cc
Environment Division
Centre ior Water
Rcsoin Ci?s Development
and h<ma. • amant (CWRDM)
Kurmamangalum (Hi‘R)
Koiihikodo - 673 571
(itami I nudu)
10.
Singh, i-iuhihur
Project Englnear
Govt. Community
ePoly tuchrilc
Imphal - 795 001
(Manipur)
19.
Tya.ji Kant a
f’l'aihin VlKoS
6.
Sharma,
Vlijyun Oamiti
m.d.
Julu GUgodi
Jodi ipui
(R^justhun)
Social Action for Rural
Davolopmont in H.tlly
Areas
□
e
K'/d-'i’f »Ta
1
. _ _________
17J
u2v
(Himuchal Pradesh)
oil IIIUU1
id
7.
•1
X
Singh, Diuiramvir
Rural Centre for Human
Interests (RUCHI)
Shaiana, Raj garb
Sirmour - 173 101
(Himachal Pradesh)
20.
21.
1.
2.
•C
14
i
Vol iiui t O.K.
K. R.R. ‘J. Delhi
20, Adel i ini
Ij Ihi
110 013
I
ourco ;
Vcriha. ii.L.
Co.VSM (iajLd.)
M - 9, ..reub! i:.. i I .i.
M--./ bx.Jhl
1 10 04ii
Department of Sei. neo L ToChnalony,
lluW Dulhl,
Drinking Water - I!<O^.L^V of Aper ts in India
bV " Consortium of i:ural Tael mo 1 c< j y t
D-320,, Laxmi lla.jar Dulhi-iio 092.
’• Institutions ABROAD ;
.
ALDEP (the Arable Lands
Development Programme)
Ministry of Agriculture
Private Bug - 003
Gaborone
Botswana
3.
(acai, has produced manuals
on rainwater haivaatlng.)
Appro toch Asia
I
P. . D. c. i laja] lanes Cor , ,
koad
dot, InsLruinuros
Manila 1002
PhilInoines
ASAL ( Z.rid and Semi-Aj id
Lan...Is )Consul cants Ltd
P.O.Box 14333, nairobi'
Kenya
c
4.
Bo Im/. 11 |ui
'technology Centr
Pr iv..L.: B-iq 0dB2
caLoihij
Dot u/<»n.'i
5.
Ccipiz DevelojMfient
Foundation
P.O.Box 57
Roxas City
Phil ip; ines
6.
Diocese of Machakos
P.O.Box 640
Machakos
Kenya
EHSIC (Environmental
Sanitation Information
Centre).Asian Institute
of Technology
P.O.Box 2754
Bangkok 10501
Thailand
7.
8.
9.
Faculty of Engineering
Khon Kaen University
Khon Kaen 400 02
Thailand.
IFIC (International Ferrocement Information Centro)
Asian Institute cPf Technology
P.O.Box 2754,Bangkok-105 01
Thailand.
10»- Intemediate Technology
Development Group (ITDC)
Hyson House
Rail\/ay Tr-rrace,Rugby,
CV 21
3HT United Kingdom
12. International Ralnwatfe
Catchment System
Association
c/o Professor Fok.J.S
Uniyersity of Hawaii
Department of Civil E
2540 Dole Street
Honolulu
Hawaii 96822’USA,.
►
13. ^ntonational Referenc
Centr e
P.O.Box 13190
2509 AD The Hague
The Netherlands.
14. llutomo Soil and
Water Conservation Pr
P.O.Box 125
Mutomo Via Kitale
Kenya
15. Population and Commun
Development Associate
S.Sukhumvit 12
Bangkok 10110
Thailand.
4
16.
VJator and S**nitation
for Health Project
V/ASI1 (Rainwater HarVo
Information Network)
1611 H.Kont Street
Room 1002
Ari innton
Virginia 22209
USA
11. Intenational Development
Research Centre (IDRC)
Hi iK
(ViOO , (11 i • IW-»,
Canada
Source :
KIG 3119
1. Rain water catchment systems for Household water wuppl
by John E. Could, De .?t. of Environmental ..‘Science . Un Ivor si
of Botswana, Boborono, Botswana : Published by Environ
Aslan Institute
mental Sanitation Information Centre
of Technology.
P.O.Box 2754, Bangkok, 10501, Thailand (uc;cemhor-1991)
I
- Media
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