ENSURE TRAINING OF HEALTH UNIT PERSONNEL Management of Staff and Equipment
Item
- Title
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ENSURE TRAINING OF HEALTH UNIT PERSONNEL
Management of Staff and Equipment - extracted text
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Training for Health Committees and Health Staff at Health Unit Level
ENSURE TRAINING OF HEALTH
/
UNIT PERSONNEL
Management of Staff and Equipment
Li?
2
FACILITATOR GUIDE
unicef
Training for Health Committees and Health Staff at Health Unit Level
ENSURE TRAINING OF HEALTH
UNIT PERSONNEL
Management of Staff and Equipment
2
FACILITATOR GUIDE
unicef
3
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Overview of Learning Process
• In this module, you will learn how to ensure the training of
health unit staff.
• In the first activity, you will learn how to determine which
health unit staff need to be trained and what skills or
knowledge they need to acquire or improve.
• In the second activity, you will learn how to plan training
activities for health unit staff.
• In the third activity, you will learn how organize the follow
up of training.
Overview of Training Health Unit Staff
• Without trained staff, the health unit cannot function
properly.
• To be able to perform well, health unit staff need specific
skills and knowledge.
• Skills are what a health unit staff must learn to do so he or
she can perform.
• Knowledge is what health unit staff must know before he
or she can practice or perfect new skills.
• The training of health unit staff should not be a one
time event.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• Train health unit staff on an on-going basis:
to ensure that their skills and knowledge are current.
to prevent skills and knowledge from decaying over
time, and
to continuously improve and enhance the services
provided by the health unit.
• Make sure that health unit staff share what they have
learned during training with other health unit staff.
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 1 - ASSESS TRAINING NEEDS
This activity teaches participants general guidelines for
assessing training needs. Modify the activity to reflect
procedures in the participants' area.
Learning Objective
• The learning objective for this activity is:
Flipchart
1
Activity 1 - Assess Training Needs
Learning Objective
At the end of the session, participants will be able to assess
the training needs of health unit staff.
Overview of Learning Process
• During this activity, you will learn how to determine which
health unit staff should be trained and what type of training
they should receive.
• At the end of the activity, you will work individually to
complete the Performance Check.
Introduction to Activity 1
Ask participants if they have assessed the training needs of
their health unit staff.
Ask participants to describe what they do to assess training
needs.
(continued)
13
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
Discuss procedures established by the district, the District
Medical Team (DMT), or the District Medical Officer
(DMO) for assessing health unit staff training needs.
Discuss the participants' role in those procedures.
• Why is it important to assess the training needs of health
unit staff?
Solicit responses.
Assess Training Needs:
Flipchart
to respond to health needs identified during community
diagnosis and participatory planning
to prevent the decay of skills and knowledge over time
to motivate health staff
• When assessing training needs, identify skills and
knowledge health unit staff need to acquire or improve.
• Make sure that training is needed to improve the current
skill level and performance of health staff.
• Identify training that is appropriate and relevant.
Ask participants to identify when and how often to assess
training needs of health unit staff.
• What factors do you need to consider when deciding who to
train and on what?
Solicit responses and write accurate answers on the
flipchart or board.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Possible answers:
Factors to Consider When Deciding
Who to Train and on What
which health unit staff are most likely to successfully
complete the training and perform after training
if the health unit has the tools and materials that the trained
person will need to perform after training
if the trained person will have the opportunity to apply his
or her newly acquired skills after training
the number of health unit staff to be trained
how long the health unit staff will be trained and where
the cost of training health unit staff
15
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
How to Assess Training Needs
• What are some ways to assess the training needs of health
unit staff?
Solicit responses and write accurate answers on the
flipchart or board. Possible answers:
Ways to Assess Training Needs of Health Unit Staff
Observe health unit staff doing their jobs.
Informally test health unit staff knowledge through
discussions and asking questions.
Get feedback from patients about the quality of health
services.
Use information from supervisory visits and DMT
observations.
Consider findings from community diagnosis and
monitoring and evaluating.
Consider what skills and knowledge are required to
implement new activities identified during participatory
planning.
Discuss with participants who should do each task listed.
For example:
The in-charge and the DMO can observe health unit
staff doing their jobs.
Health committee members can get feedback from
patients about the quality of services.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• If health unit staff are not performing tasks correctly or
according to expectations, find out why.
• If health unit staff do not know how to perform correctly,
then training is needed.
Ask participants to identify possible reasons why health unit
staff may not perform according to expectations although
they may know how to perform correctly.
Possible answers:
Health unit staff may not have the time to perform
correctly.
The equipment, resources, and space to perform
correctly are not available.
Health unit staff may not be motivated.
Emphasize that participants shouldfind out why health unit
staff are performing incorrectly by talking to them and
observing their performance.
• When assessing training needs, also consider cross
training health unit staff to make sure that everyone can
perform more than one function at the health unit.
Ask participants to explain how cross-training health unit
staff can benefit their health unit and the community.
• If possible, health unit staff should be cross-trained in more
than one job and be able to replace each other when
someone is absent.
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 1 - ASSESS TRAINING NEEDS
PERFORMANCE CHECK 1
Facilitator Instructions
Read the following instructions to participants. Write or
draw any instructions on the flipchart or board, as needed.
• You will work individually to complete the Performance
Check.
• Read the case scenario in your Participant Guide.
• Describe who will do what in order to assess the training
needs of the health staff.
• If you have any questions while you are completing the
Performance Check, please let a facilitator know.
• When you have completed the Performance Check, let a
facilitator know.
• When everyone has completed the exercise, we will have a
plenary discussion about the Performance Check.
Ask participants to begin the Performance Check.
After all participants have completed the Performance
Check, reconvene them for the plenary discussion.
Refer to the following pages which show the Performance
Check exercise in the Participant Guide.
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 1 - ASSESS TRAINING NEEDS
PERFORMANCE CHECK 1
TOP
Do not begin the Performance Check until the facilitator has given you the instructions!
You will work individually to complete the Performance Check.
1. Read the case scenario below.
The Bamali Health Unit is a small health facility with an in-charge, a nurse, and one health
assistant.
Community diagnosis revealed that many women are dying from deliveries in the
community of Bamali. During participatory planning, the community and health committee
decided that women should be able to deliver babies at the health unit.
2. Identify what needs to be done to implement this new activity.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
3. Describe how health staff and the health committee can work together to assess the training
needs of health staff. Explain who will do what.
4. Let a facilitator know when you have completed the Performance Check.
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Plenary Discussion
When participants reconvene, ask volunteers to present
their answers. Invite other participants to make comments
or suggestions.
Encourage participants to share any observations,
problems, or concerns they experienced in completing the
Performance Check.
Discuss the difficulties that you noted participants
experienced during the Performance Check.
Ask participants the following question:
• When should you assess the training needs of health unit
staff?
Conclude the activity with positive comments about how
participants performed. Summarize the major points of the
activity.
Assess Training Needs:
Flipchart
2
to respond to health needs identified during community
diagnosis and participatory planning
to prevent the decay of skills and knowledge over time
to motivate health staff
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Ways to Assess Training Needs of Health Unit Staff
Observe health unit staff doing their jobs.
Informally test health unit staff knowledge through discussions and asking questions.
Get feedback from patients about the quality of health services.
Use information from supervisory visits and DMT observations.
Consider findings from community diagnosis.
Consider what skills and knowledge are required to implement new activities identified
during participatory planning.
22
4^1^
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 2 - PLAN TRAINING ACTIVITIES
This activity teaches participants how to arrange and organize
training for health unit staff. Modify the activity to reflect
procedures in the participants' area.
Learning Objective
• The learning objective for this activity is:
Activity 2 - Plan Training Activities
Learning Objective
Flipchart
At the end of the session, participants will be able to plan
training activities for health unit staff.
Overview of Learning Process
• During this activity, you will learn how to develop a plan to
train health unit staff.
• At the end of the activity, you will work individually to
complete the Performance Check.
Introduction to Activity 2
• After you decide what skills and knowledge health unit staff
need and who should be trained, plan training for health unit
staff.
Ask participants to identify who should be involved in
planning the training and to explain why.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
• The DMT can help you:
Determine what health staff will be trained to do.
Identify the type of training given the current skills,
education level, and abilities of health staff.
Develop a plan for training activities.
• What factors do you need to consider when planning
training?
Solicit responses and write accurate answers on the
flipchart or board.
Factors to Consider When Planning Training
the results of your training needs assessment
how to train health unit staff
when and where to train health unit staff
the duration of training
the cost of training
how to finance the training, as appropriate
the number of health unit staff to be trained
if funds, space, reference materials, and other resources are
available for training
health unit staff work schedules to replace persons who
participate in training
Ask participants to explain why they need to consider these
factors.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• The number of health unit staff to be trained during a
specified period of time and the type of training they will
receive depends on:
the amount of money available for training
the ability for the health unit to operate while its staff are
at training.
How to Plan Health Unit Staff Training
• To plan training:
How to Plan Health Unit Staff Training
Flipchart
1. Decide what type of training to provide.
2. Identify when, where, and how long training will take place.
3. Determine how much training will cost and how to pay for
it.
4. Reorganize health unit staff schedules to replace persons
who have left for training.
5. Identify what needs to be done to arrange or apply for
training.
Ask participants if they need to present a training plan to
receive money from the health committee or DMT.
Explain that the best way to present a training plan is in
writing.
Use an example to work through the steps of how to plan
training for health unit staff. Use your own example or the
one included in the module. Refer to the sample training
plan on the following page, as necessary.
(continued)
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Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Facilitator Guide
Training Plan for Health Unit Staff
Type of training to provide
training on drug management: monitor daily and monthly
inventory
When, where, and how long
training will take place
15 -18 September 1998 at Bamanda Health Unit where
drug management is working well.
How much training will cost
and how to pay for it
training fees and
materials for 1 nurse = $5 per person x 1
= $5
= $4
travel expenses
= $4x1 person
foodfor 4 days
= 4 days x 1 person x $2/day = $8
lodging for 3 days
= 3 days x 1 person x $2/day = $6
Total = $23
The health unit and health committee will pay for the food,
lodging, travel expenses, materials and training fees.
Reorganize health unit staff
schedules to replace persons
who have left for training
Schedule Keffa Mukoota to work the four days while the
nurse is attending the training.
What needs to be done to
arrange/apply training
Contact the in-charge of the Bamanda health unit.
Pay training fees to the Bamanda health unit.
Arrange transport to andfrom training.
Arrange lodging andfood at the Bamanda health unit.
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Step 1 - Decide What Type of Training to
Provide
• What are some ways health unit staff can be trained?
Solicit responses and write accurate answers on the
flipchart or board. Possible answers:
Ways to Train Health Unit Staff
workshop training
training in a health unit that is ’’working well”
on-the-job training
training through supervision
Discuss with participants the advantages and disadvantages
and the associated costs of each training option. Possible
responses:
Workshop training
Advantages: provides staff with current, up-to-date
skills; provides staff with opportunity to share
experience with other colleagues; staff get training
materials they can use back at the health unit.
Disadvantages: high cost; training may be too
theoretical with not enough practice; staff have to be
away from health unit for extended period of time;
workshop schedule may not be suitable to health unit
staff.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
Training in a health unit that is "working well”
Advantages: low to medium cost, easier to arrange
than workshop training; staff can practice what they
learn and discuss difficulties.
Disadvantages: instructors may not be trained or
experienced in training other staff; not advisable for
new health staff.
On-the-job training
- Advantages: low cost, easy to arrange; staff have
opportunity to practice skills in their usual
environment.
Disadvantages: instructors may not be trained or
experienced in training other staff; not advisable for
staff who have been at the same health unitfor a long
time; difficult in situations where staff have had their
responsibilities taken away from them.
Training through supervision
Advantages: low to medium cost; suitable if one or
two staff of different job levels and responsibilities
lack performance; supervisor can compare the
performance of different health units.
Disadvantages: supervision may not be frequent
enough; supervisor may not have adequate
supervisory skills.
Explain to participants that knowing more about
advantages, disadvantages, and costs of each option should
help them decide what type of training to provide.
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Sutffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Step 2 - Identify When, Where, and How Long
Training Will Take Place
• Schedule training so that it interferes as little as possible
with the function of the health unit.
Ask participants to identify factors they should consider
when deciding when to train health unit staff. Possible
answer:
the time ofyear and the demandfor health unit services.
At certain times of the year, the community may use the
health unit more than at other times.
• The training site is linked to the type of training provided.
• Some places provide more opportunities to practice skills
than others.
• Discuss how long training should be with the DMO or the
national training team. They can give you advice and
guidelines about the length of training based on the type of
skills health staff need to acquire.
Step 3 - Determine How Much Training Will
Cost and How to Pay for It
• What are some costs involved in training health unit staff?
Solicit responses. Possible answers:
training fees, materials, registration
travel expenses to andfrom training site
per diem
(continued)
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Management of Stctfand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
Facilitator Guide
Emphasize that the cost of training is not the same as the
cost of organizing training.
• Calculate the total cost of all staff being trained.
• To determine how to pay for training:
1. Check the budget to determine if money has been
allocated for training health unit staff.
2. Check the corresponding budget item expenditure form
to determine how much money is available to pay for
training.
• Check the amount in the Balance column of the Budget
Item Expenditure Form to determine if funds are available
to pay for training.
• Do not spend more money than was budgeted.
Quickly review the sample Budget Item Expenditure Form
on the flipchart or board. Ask participants to identify how
much money is available to pay for training health staff.
Answer: $40 is available for training.
Budget Item
Expenditure
Form
Budget Item Expenditure Form
Category: Training Health Personnel
Amount Budgeted: $120
Date
Description
Amount
Spent
Total Amount
Spent to Date
Balance
2 Feb 96
family planning
workshop for 2
health staff
$50
$50
$70
6 April 96
drug
management
workshop
$30
$80
$40
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• Before you spend money, make sure money is available.
• Look at the current balance in the cash and bank book, if
available.
Ask participants why they need to check the balance in the
cash and bank book.
Answer: Check the cash and bank book balance to make
sure there is money either in the bank or on hand
to pay for training.
Ask participants what they would do if money was not
budgeted for health staff training or if money is not
available to pay for training.
Identify other sources offunds to pay for training in the
participants’ area.
• Discuss with the DMT and health committee how to finance
the training, as appropriate.
Step 4 - Reorganize Health Unit Staff
Schedules to Replace Persons Who Have Left
for Training
• If health unit staff are attending training away from the
health unit, determine who will perform their functions
while they are attending training.
• Why do you need to reorganize health unit staff schedules?
Solicit responses.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Possible answer:
It is important to make sure that the health unit is able
to provide services to the community without
interruption.
Ask participants to describe how they would make sure that
health services are not interrupted.
Step 5 - Identify What Needs to be Done to
Arrange or Apply for Training
• If you are planning to send health unit staff to a training
course or workshop, work with your DMT to:
Apply for admission to a course or workshop.
Determine who to contact if there are questions or
problems.
Find alternatives in case health unit staff are not
admitted to the training course or workshop.
• If you are planning to train health unit staff at another
health unit that is "working well", contact other health
units or facilities to coordinate training efforts.
• If you decide to train health unit staff on-the-job or
through supervision, determine:
who will train health unit staff
what skills and knowledge health unit staff will learn
and in what order
(continued)
TM'
XI
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
when and how frequently training will take place (e.g.,
daily, weekly, monthly)
how to evaluate the progress of the person(s) being
trained
the equipment, materials, and other resources that may
be required
• For on-the-job training, select a trainer who:
has the interest, ability, and willingness to train
has all the skills and knowledge that the person being
trained needs to learn
agrees to evaluate and supervise the person being trained
has the time to do the training and supervision
has good communication skills
33
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 2 - PLAN TRAINING ACTIVITIES
PERFORMANCE CHECK 2
Facilitator Instructions
Read the following instructions to participants. Write or
draw any instructions on the flipchart or board, as needed.
• You will work individually to complete the Performance
Check.
• Use information from Performance Check 1 to develop a
plan to train health unit staff.
• To develop a training plan:
Decide what type of training to provide.
Identify when and where training will take place.
Determine the cost of training and how to pay for
training.
Describe how to reorganize health unit staff schedules to
replace persons being trained, as needed.
Identify what needs to be done to arrange or apply for
training.
• If you have any questions while you are completing the
Performance Check, let a facilitator know.
• When you have completed the Performance Check, let a
facilitator know.
(continued)
34
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStrand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
• When everyone has completed the exercise, we will discuss
the Performance Check.
After all participants have completed the Performance
Check, reconvene them for the plenary discussion.
Refer to the following pages which show the Performance
Check exercise in the Participant Guide.
35
Facilitator Guide
Management of Stc^and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 2 - PLAN TRAINING ACTIVITIES
PERFORMANCE CHECK 2
STOP
Do not begin the Performance Check until the facilitator has given you the instructions!
You will work individually to complete the Performance Check.
1. Use information from the case scenario in Performance Check 1 and the worksheet on the
following page to develop a plan to train health unit staff.
2. Let a facilitator know when you have completed the Performance Check.
36
Facilitalor Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Training Plan for Health Unit Staff
Type of training to provide
When, where, and how long
training will take place
How much training will cost
and how to pay for it
Reorganize health unit staff
schedules to replace persons
who have left for training
What needs to be done to
arrange/apply training
37
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Plenary Discussion
When participants reconvene, ask volunteers to present
their plans for training health unit staff. Invite other
participants to make comments or suggestions.
Encourage participants to share any observations,
problems, or concerns they experienced in completing the
Performance Check.
Discuss the difficulties that you noted participants
experienced during the Performance Check.
Ask
participants the following questions:
• How soon after you assess the training needs of health unit
staff should you plan training activities?
• Which type of training (workshop, on-the-job, training in a
health unit that is working well, or training through
supervision) do you think is most effective and successful?
Why?
• What is the greatest obstacle to training your health unit
staff?
Conclude the activity with positive comments about how
participants performed.
(continued)
38
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStctffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Refer to Flipchart 4 to summarize the major points of the
activity.
Flipchart
4
How to Plan Health Unit Staff Training
1. Decide what type of training to provide.
2. Identify when, where, and how long training will take place.
3. Determine how much training will cost and how to pay for
it.
4. Reorganize health unit staff schedules to replace persons
who have left for training.
5. Identify what needs to be done to arrange or apply for
training.
39
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 3 - ORGANIZE FOLLOW-UP OF TRAINING
This activity teaches participants general guidelines for
organizing follow-up of training. Modify the activity to reflect
procedures in the participants' area.
Learning Objective
• The learning objective for this activity is:
Flipchart
5
Activity 3 - Organize Follow-up of Training
Learning Objective
At the end of the session, participants will be able to organize
follow-up of training.
Overview of Learning Process
• During this activity, you will learn how to organize follow
up of training.
• You will also learn how to make sure that trained health unit
staff share what they have learned during training with
others.
• At the end of the activity, you will work individually to
complete the Performance Check.
Introduction to Activity 3
Ask participants to describe what usually happens after
health unit staff complete training.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
• After health unit staff are trained:
Provide supervision.
Make sure that health unit staff share their new skills and
knowledge with others.
• Keep a log of who has been trained.
Ask participants why they should keep a record of who has
been trained.
Provide Supervision
• After training, supervision takes place.
Ask participants to define supervision. Possible answer:
Supervision is working with health unit staff to help
them adapt what they learned during training and to
do a better job.
• Why is it important to supervise health unit staff after
training?
Solicit responses. Possible answers:
Skills acquired during training will be assessed during
supervision.
Trained persons may not be ready to work completely on
their own after training.
Supervision helps adapt what the person has learned to
health unit circumstances.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Supervision provides feedback and supportfor applying
new skills on the job.
Supervision can help build team relationships among
health unit staff.
• Supervision should always be planned at the same time
as training.
Ask participants to identify how frequently supervision
should take place.
• The health staff and health committee should consult the
DMT to set an objective for when and how often
supervision should take place.
Example of a Supervision Objective
Provide at least one supervisory visit every three months in
each health unit of the district.
• One supervisory visit every three months is the
minimum required to keep staff motivated.
• Supervisory visits can be more frequent in places where
more problems exist.
• Frequent supervision is important because trained persons
may not be ready to work completely on their own after
training.
• Ideally, trained persons should have daily supervision.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• If daily supervision is not possible:
Decide how often to supervise and how other health unit
staff can participate in supervision activities.
Develop a supervisory schedule.
Who Should Supervise Trained Health Unit Staff
• Who supervises health unit staff after training?
Solicit responses. Answers may include:
in-charge
DMT
other health unit staff
the facilitator of the course/workshop
Discuss how each of the above supervises health unit staff
in the participants' area.
Explain that the facilitator can conduct follow-up visits
after training to make sure that health unit staff are
performing correctly.
How to Supervise
Ask participants to describe how they supervise newly
trained health unit staff.
• Supervision can be formal or informal.
(continued)
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Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• To properly supervise trained health unit staff:
Observe health unit staff perform, note any problems,
and discuss how to improve.
Ask the health unit staff if he or she is having any
problems.
Review forms or equipment that the trained person is
using.
If the skills are complex, work with the trained health
unit staff to develop a checklist so that he or she
performs the task correctly.
Help health unit staff deal with any problems.
Give trained health unit staff daily feedback about his or
her performance.
Observe, evaluate, and record performance in a log.
• The role of the person supervising (the supervisor) is
critical. The trained person's success at applying what
he or she has learned may be affected by his/her
experience with the supervisor.
• If health unit staff feel that they are being criticized rather
than helped, they may withdraw, close off communication,
and become defensive.
• What should you do to supervise effectively?
Solicit responses.
(continued)
44
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStrand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
Review the following flipchart with participants.
To Supervise Effectively:
Flipchart
6
Focus on improving performance.
Be supportive rather than critical.
Praise accomplishments and identify weaknesses.
Educate rather than judge.
Provide immediate feedback.
Ensure open, frequent communication, and mutual trust.
Costs of Providing Supervision
• What are some costs of providing supervision?
Solicit responses. Possible answers:
travel expenses to andfrom the health unit
per diem
Ask participants to identify who pays for the cost of
supervision.
• To determine how to pay for supervision:
1. Check the budget to determine if money has been
allocated for supervising health unit staff.
2. Check the corresponding budget item expenditure form
to determine how much money is available to pay for
supervision and follow-up of training.
(continued)
45
Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Facilitator Guide
Ask participants what they would do if money was not
budgeted or is not available to pay for supervision.
Identify other sources offunds to pay for supervision in the
participants' area.
• Discuss with the DMT and health committee how to pay for
supervision, as appropriate.
Ensure Trained Health Unit Staff Share
Information
• To improve the quality of service provided by your health
unit, make sure that the trained person shares what he or she
has learned with other health unit staff.
Ask participants what they would do to encourage health
unit staff learning from each other. Possible answers:
Schedule a session during which trained staff will
provide feedback on the training to other health unit
staff.
Distribute training materials and manuals to all health
unit staff.
May ask the trained person to develop a checklist or job
aid for performing a task.
• The training of one person may affect the roles and
responsibilities of others.
• For example, if a nursing assistant learns how to give
injections, he can help the nurse and in-charge vaccinate
children.
(continued)
46
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStrand Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
Ask participants for examples of how training has changed
the roles and responsibilities of their health unit staff.
Ask participants if a change in health unit staff roles and
responsibilities would create conflicts and, if so, how they
would handle them.
47
Facilitator Guide
Management of Stc^f and Equipment: Ensure Training ofHealth Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 3 - ORGANIZE FOLLOW-UP OF TRAINING
PERFORMANCE CHECK 3
Facilitator Instructions
Read the following instructions to participants. Write or
draw any instructions on the flipchart or board, as needed.
• You will work individually to complete the Performance
Check.
• Use information about your health unit to describe how you
will:
Organize follow-up of training.
Make sure that trained health unit staff share what they
have learned.
• If you have any questions while you are completing the
Performance Check, please let a facilitator know.
• When you have completed the Performance Check, let a
facilitator know.
• When everyone has completed the exercise, we will have a
plenary discussion about the Performance Check.
Ask participants to begin the Performance Check.
After all participants have completed the Performance
Check, reconvene them for the plenary discussion.
Refer to the following pages which show the Performance
Check exercise in the Participant Guide.
48
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
ACTIVITY 3 - ORGANIZE FOLLOW-UP OF TRAINING
PERFORMANCE CHECK 3
STOP
Do not begin the Performance Check until the facilitator has given you the instructions!
You will work individually to complete the Performance Check.
1. Describe what you will do to organize follow-up of training.
2. Describe how you will make sure that trained health unit staff share what they have learned
during training with other health unit staff.
3. Let a facilitator know when you have completed the Performance Check.
»
49
Facilitator Guide
Management ofStaffand Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
Plenary Discussion
When participants reconvene, ask volunteers to describe
how they will organize follow-up of training and make sure
that information is shared. Invite other participants to
make comments or suggestions.
Encourage participants to share any observations,
problems, or concerns they experienced in completing the
Performance Check.
Discuss the difficulties that you noted participants
experienced during the Performance Check.
Ask participants the following questions:
• How long should health unit staff be supervised after
training?
• What are some reasons why health unit staff do not share
information with each other after training?
Conclude the activity with positive comments about how
participants performed.
Summarize the major points of the activity.
• After health unit staff are trained:
Provide supervision.
Make sure that health unit staff share their new skills and
knowledge with others.
• The purpose of supervision is not to find mistakes, but to
work with health unit staff to help them adapt what they
learned during training and to do a better job.
(continued)
50
Facilitator Guide
Management of Staff and Equipment: Ensure Training of Health Unit Personnel
• To improve the quality of service provided by your health
unit, make sure that the trained health unit staff shares what
he or she has learned with other staff.
Conclude the module with a summary of what participants
have learned.
51
1
Health Systems Development Unit
UNICEF House
3 United Nations Plaza
New York, NY 10017 - USA
Fax: 212-824-6462
Community
participation
Monitoring and
service delivery
Management of staff
and equipment
Drug/supply
management
Financial management
1. Apply basic communication
skills
2. Conduct community
diagnosis
3. Organize and support health
committee
4. Establish relationships with
community leaders, local
organizations, and authorities
5. Conduct participatory
planning
1. Monitor and evaluate at the
health unit level
2. Monitor and evaluate at the
community level
3. Organize delivery of
services
1. Hire and manage support
staff
2. Ensure training of health
unit personnel
3. Maintain equipment and
health unit facility
1. Store supply and establish
inventory procedures
2. Order and procure
3. Receive and inspect
4. Monitor daily and monthly
inventory
1. Establish prices and exemptions
systems
2. Manage revenue and
expenditures
3. Establish a budget
4. Audit health unit financial
records
i
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