PHM EXCHANGE-1
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- PHM EXCHANGE-1
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RF_PHM _EXCHAGE-I_PART_1_SUDHA
Page 1 of 2
socnaia
From:
To:
Sent:
Subject:
Ciaudio Schuftan <aviva@netnam.vn>
<pha-exchange@kabissa.org >
Wednesday, August 29, 2001 10:03 PM
PHA-Exchange> Health, equity, justice, globalization and the PHA
> Debate: Health, equity, justice and globalisation
> Journal of Er>idemiolooy' and Community' health
> September 2001 JECHs debate on globalisation and health is entirely free
> access.
-> Health equity, justice and globalisation: some lessons from the People's
> Health Assembly (PHA)
> F Baum - J Fpidemiol Community Health 2001:55:6113-6
> Full text at: iiiip:»www,jcch.comcgv'conicm/iulL-09/9z613
> <httn: /Xvww.iech.com/cgi/content/full/5 5/9/613>
>
Can you imagine a world in which the spread of globalisation
meant
> the world becoming a more just and equitable place? This seems like an
> impossible dream. AJ1 the indications are that the current forms of
> globalisation arc making the world a safe place foi unfettered market
> liberalism and the consequent growth of inequities, this economic
> slobalisadon is ^osinrt severe threats to both people's health and the
> health of the planet "
> Towards a more sustainable globalisation: the role of the public health
> community'
> DOUGLAS W BETTCHER and HEATHER WIPFLI - J Epidemiol Community' Health
> 9001-55-617-R
> Full text at. http://www. jech.com/cgi/content/full/55/9/617
> <http://www.iech.eom/cgi/content/full/55/9/617>
>"
In her article Fran Baum is correct in pointing out that the
> politics! complexities of our globalised world must be taken into account
by
> public health professionals. Global health futures are directly or
> mdircctlv associated with the transnational economic, social, and
> technological changes taking place in the world. Issues such as poverty,
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> improving global public health. However, globalisation is a "janus faced"
> creature: the double face of globalisation, one promising and the other
> threatening, is a fact of life as humanity is being catapulted into a more
> interdependent future
"
8/3 0/01
pH A 'CG'
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Page 2 of2
> A ditilosue of the deaf? The health impacts of globalisation
> KELLEY LEE - J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:619
> Full text at: httn: 'wvw.iech.com/cgi/content/fii11/55/9/619
"
_ __
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Omnion about the true impacts on human health of globalisation
remains sharply divided. On the one hand, a wide range of health
> nrofessionals non-oovernmemal oroanisarions (NGOs), scholars and
activists
> fear globalisation is worsening the divide between haves and have nets to
' ' ilixpj. CCcdditCs-i dvglOCiS-.>....
> Liberalisation, health and the World Trade Organisation
> RONALD LABONTE - J Epidemiol Community Health 2001:55:620-l
x'till text at: https. www.jcch.com/cgt/content/full/50z9/620
> <http://wvvw.iech.eom/cgi/conteni/lull/55/9/620>
> "....The contemporary globalisation project of which Baum writes rests on
> the promise that economic growth benefits all .1 Originally enforced
through
> Structural Adjustment Programs' trinity of privatisation, reduced public
cnonrl < ti rr m-vrl
+ <-nr4o 1 <l-»a ««o 11
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l<lJL<v» iilVlCaOVU lLU'v>V 1OJ Vi UllOUllVJlj IV 40 V11V/ UVUVIXU.’ VI UiV
> iauer that now dominate the ” globalisation is good” argument. So dominant
> is this claim that it deserves closer scnitinv.... 11
Moderator: T would like to apologize for the barrage of long emails on
ivionoav. I was having difficulties in my connections with the server ano Vvliat
should have been a message per dav went out all m one dav. It should not
Ciaudio
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to. PHA ExOiittUgeivt.Kabissa.or g
Website: http://wrrnv.kabissa.org/maihnan/Iistinfo/pha-exchange
PHA-F.xdiange> Welcome to the PHA's new website
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Welcome to the PHA's new website
Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 23:59:14 -r0700
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <aviva@nemam.vn>
Oi'gaiiiziiiion: AV I yA
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org >
> >Update on the People's Health Assembly
(PHA2001)
We are an international grassroots network oforganisations and individuals
that came togethe” in 2000 to reignite theca1.1
Health for All Now!
> >wwvi .phamovement .ora. The new website includes charter, newsletters,
> >issue papers and updates ci follow-up action since the PHA2000
international
> >event held in Bangladesh in December, 2000, and attended by 1500 people
> >from 77 countries. VISIT IT.
of the PHA2000 r.vent, with suggestion for an even
> >more successful follow-up, see the HealthWrights Newsletter from the
b2.S2?2?<=
> >Madre,
This piece is available on the Website:
WWvJ . Ii62.i tilWX’lCl'luS • 02? CI •
> >rcr a Crrtrcetj Analysis
> >PHONz,& Q088C 2 7708316
> >FAX: 00880 2 1108317
?HA-Excr.ange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA.-ExchangeSkabissa.org
Kebsite: http://www.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchange
1 of 1
8/31/01 9:53 .'A
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- meeting between People’s Health Assembly representatives and WHO DG
/\ meeting between the representatives or tne People s Health Assembly and the WHO
Director-General Ms Gro Harlem Brundtiand was held on 18 May 2001 on the occasion of
tho World Health Assembly in Geneva, Switzerland. Zai'rulian Chowdhury, Mira Smva, Pam
Zinkin Maria Zimine and Mike Rowson were present there on behalf of the PHA. Ms Gro
Heriem Brundila^d, David Ngbarro rChef de Cabinet!, Anarfi Asmoah-Baah (Head of External
Maria Zuniga opened the meeting by inanking the WHO DO for agreeing to meet trie repre
sentatives of tne PHA. Maria commented positively about the Civil Society initiative aimed
at improving WHO's relationships with NGOs and other civil society actors. DG said that
i\GOsZafruilah Chowdhury summarized the successor the PHA-the process had included more
than 5.000 meetings and 1,500 people had gathered in Bangladesh. The grassroots had
mobilized themselves to fight for Health for All.
DG said that events such as the WTO ministerial meeting at Seattie,
battle
over the revised drug strategy in 19S8 had also shown die power oi th,
Pam ZinKin presented tne Charter in 20 different languages ano said tnat new versions were
arriving almost everyday and emphasized that this type of work was being undertaken
without funding. underlining the commitment of civ', society to carrying fonv/ard the DHA
Mike Rowson said that the main political messages tu arise from tne Assembly were that.
(T) Health for All and Comprehensive Primary Health Care should be the fundamental
orincioles which ou'de international health oolicv: and
(2) thsrs '-V3s cjrsst ooncsrn sbo’j; ths sblitv of WHO to stsnd up to ths f-orcss of'HobsL'zsrole of WHO in relation to other global institutions sucn as W i O, The World Sank and
International Monetary Fund.
wu:k Wuii liidi m mind. VvHO should use its expertise to contribute io the evidence-base on
these problems.
She then said that it is imoortant to look broach- t what is haopening with globalization and
^t1 i“vipn
2S thO
b^-tWCOH pC^p!^
’P
had started putting a stronger emphasis on ih&hdrnaiL ijnb sstie an.’Hhe nee) for cei
distribution of health care in developing countries. She has asked WHO representative:
fWRs1* to work to
e th*°se coals.' '
sdded that what w# meant
'stand tm’ is for WHC
irposil
f<a VOui ut ueV&iOping COUniric?S ti'l li'ic iaCc 07 ihe yiOOaliZaliOi* i
✓DG saia that the Department of Health in Sustainable Development nao oeen systematically
addressing the global institutions in its work. WHO now had observer status on the TRIPS
Counci!,
,
j-
2GuO. ere arc usd ?iai it was an atiemot io make health
i-s. i'be initiative is very much
welcomed. but should net become a one-ol> exerc sc.
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WG CIIU yv ' y It- ;.,
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II U'.l .. JVC? . VUG I ICDU
• y-'nai a
undertook this work. For example. the vVRs s'-iuiJc* h-■?
-. PHA
:
' ‘•
• • z* iA parn>;ip.'intsio
develop the strategy. If anvhody is interested to have the
iv/iia oi'i-za emphasised me need io place representatives of
nivl sociefv on strrr-Anin WHO cnrr.miifAAS in order tn
diec^m'nP1,'nn fho
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PH A at WHO t!GO Forum for Health: Besides
m th° r'A?eirs'^teici ^nd >|in'r‘?<arc'.
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rnM wad n«iu un io iv'idy zuul, in uk.
pieseiudiiun .
hnal session or me NGU r-orurn rar Health meeting
r.hAired rv./ Dr Erin Ram The snirit "I rh<=. PHA was
wu/Vr. cu.;s
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. di; s £. . .r»ii :
w . i ;re cKi society *. i ne initiative wii oe piac.ec in me
cxte nai .-el aliens ceDartmeni and lec by Eva Wallstam
’□audio f5chuf[sp ano many otners. Maria Zuniga
facilitated the meetinq. They shared information on the
<Wi*iAr -'i--.ii.-' />• :-|aaJ:h in $i :*tpinahlp j^/olr.ruri.o-:
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wii prooaoiy emptoy others, ins tasKis to develop wimn
I he oorrrro veer a clan on ho>. ;ho rdationshios co;.Id be
video was snov/n.
i-v-..'1-rM■£,.-•
— vo onfi t«4nr<--> o»*a I/cor to he. nr Ofii.- r-.i ..' na.sr
ou-side. ^.o. wislurtbv mJ
end orcicbL sot
jp a website tv .auiniaie u.a»-jyue. uuiing me vvr.M me
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Foundation Prize from WHO for tneirworKin Hnmaty
Heatth Care. The prize was oresenteri to Mustafa
Fr.A reoreseniatives had several talks with both Eva and
t ■'•-rd?
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NGCFaccreO*ta''C»n ann ce^Aionmfi bnk$ f esnecigllv
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ix^pci . cb ;JUU. i iui i
y : tc Gt JU' kdf\c puwr n/-\ auuviliuo HI
\ep3k Professor Mamura Prasac 6hresiha is tne convener ot
me commiuee ano bhania uaii iViLimi is its General becrelaiv i he ne ,viy formed Mstionsl Committee has decided to
nrn?,n ?-p. a r.stinr.pJ rnnsijlimtivA rnppfina nn the 1.Qr August
G’lTfll rt 5<fifnnn...n-1|,
The;
.■*-'. i I a £A 'rai
-21'-’
JrtviRC :S dfi 'duuv« murruui. i\'ieebnut> win u« neiu witri
the Governmeni iviinismes io promote me accumenL in
addition. UPMKG has decided to distribute the Chapeno
many of their international partners and funders and Ionov
•j.ifh thArTi tn Accent- tVn Rharter^S r.Ar r.f thAJ' \.ynrk in ttia
Per* onrl
thool^n
-Cl|f.hcl
u-e
die su|.’pk,'i11.. 1.1 loo
tu yut i.v-.’ia. uc. U i
me agenda 01 me regional meeiing ui me rxreu rcirum for
Dd 'UidLr^r. m ridujudt rYUGiu b nceiti /AssfeSiiJiy Udo ueen
piannec to oe nelo or i ’*bep-emoer ^uu’i at Maiaoe, Sri
tanka.
neaim ano Social Studies mar win pe neia in Beirut in
November 2001. The meeting is exoected to helo make
new contacts and earner further si innbrt fnr the PH A
mnvement.
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i«jr i£aitu*i. i ciivct a mici i id ju: .at > luctt .. i rxc-^ua >_-t. x---i tn c.
website www.upmrc.org, in Puf- or wora format, it wiii aiso
ss available on the FHA website wnen it is ooerational again.
Copies cf the two publications will be disseminated to the
,jpp,-.pr; rjprfHors 8nd t^ev W'!l be ask$d to hold national
where research on iviaijjria oiseese s oemg earned cut. is
mteresieo to co posi-hha activities in lanzania on tne
basis of the People’s Charter for Health. The di-ector of the
Research Centre is mady to collaborate with the PHA
afv aHaJ;-■ rt.-v- c
p.'l'p/ic;^ in AfrCP 'r? .
■iobioc't
iqc?
z-x-
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hhd
PHA pcir(<Cipci• 'no t-1 r\ti"iGci ki '.ii'irx tiidi v ic i "cOpio 3 Lzi icii vci
iui ncdiui >S d toidfui iy pun t ;u; mu 11.
Kenya: ms pan ot posr-PHa activities in Africa Consumer
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; u»i*\ •.v.j? cPi’nrc? v••■ ?c.i ■ ’. es on
at me local. sub-reqtonai.
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jj riur .ci; cc /euu" t?BL ■ uey
ueveiup birripe orouhuieH uoui
• ■- zr c: sr arc r\ sv.ania a.nc use cartoons ana omer uiusiranons as
mav ce necessarv.
Ail over me Americas people are J»scu$smq me hha ana wr.at
nannonecj in Savpr T)naka. Thp.ro have been incal and reriinr.al meet-
□ siKici join.: urr..ot.
!n Latin America- me -OrTonal Comnvttee forthe F'c-moticn o: ;r—rn i’v-v
• F/.P’/i.'-n C.&nfrA! ^rnorirs sr.H
rinminir-an
• '■ s yea v e kui '/•;;i row a reg ofi-z/’oe
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W'lc s also a memos' of the PHA Committee in Paris.
L
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77 ••
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: mnt
■ Verbal Autopsy
' >.) Introduction
" At the Bhopal Peoples' Health and Documentation Clinic run by the Sambhavna Trust,
Verbal Autopsy (VA) is used as a method for monitoring mortalities related to the
/■December 1984 Union Carbide disaster in Bhopal. VA is a scientific method of proven
validity used for establishing the cause of death of individuals in a community. This is
particularly usefill in situations where the proportion of deaths occurring under medical
care are low and where no autopsies are carried out. This method has been successfully
employed in India, Bangladesh, Kenya, Nigeria, Philippines, Indonesia, Egypt, and
' several other countries to determine the cause of death of individuals in various
circumstances.
Tire Technique of Verbal Autopsy
This method is based on the assumption that most causes of death have distinct symptom
complexes and these can be recognized, remembered and reported by lay people. It
involves trained workers administering a questionnaire on the carer of the deceased.
Information is collected on the symptoms suffered by a panel of physicians individually
and independently for ascertaining the probable cause of death.
Appropriateness of VA in Bhopal
Since the official committee for recording exposure-related deaths was wound up in
December 1992, there is no official agency to monitor continuing exposure-related deaths
in Bhopal. Also, an overwhelming majority of these deaths occur in people's homes
resulting in autopsies rarely being conducted and often there being no competent doctor
to certify the cause of death. Medical records of the deceased prior to death are often
unavailable as they have had to be deposited with the compensation tribunals. Where
available these are often incomplete. Given such a situation, VA appears to be the most
appropriate method for monitoring exposure-related deaths in Bhopal.
How VA is carried out at the Sambhavna Clinic
The four fieldworkers conduct door-to-door surveys to identify households and question
carers of the deceased on the medical history and clinical symptoms suffered. Using
culturally appropriate language, the fieldworkers, all of whom are known in the
community, apply stringent criteria in the collection and recording of information.
Information is recorded on a questionnaire designed to elicit details of exposure to the
toxic gases, the health status of the deceased prior to and after exposure, medical
examinations and their results, treatment including duration etc. All fieldworkers have
, been trained in interviewing skills, administration of the questionnaire and signs and
symptoms of diseases.
. r
' "
The VA questionnaire
The 21 page verbal autopsy questionnaire (VAQ) begins with general, introductory
questions to determine the lifecycle of the deceased. An instruction sheet is used by the
, field workers as a guideline for administration of the questionnaire. The health workers
also confirm which medical records of the deceased are in the possession of the carer.
General questioning familiarizes the carer with the type of information to be collected
and enables the interviewer to create favorable conditions for the carer to speak openly
regarding personal and often traumatic details regarding the deceased.
.
1
■'
f
i
'
Direct questions on symptoms existing prior to the gas exposure are asked to compare the
health status of the deceased in the post disaster situation. The health worker then begins
an open section in which the interviewee is invited to explain what happened in their own
words, details of the exposure, subsequent illness/es, and responses to treatment received
till the death of the deceased. The statement is recorded verbatim and serves as one of the
means to check the veracity of information given by the interviewee. With the use of
filter questions, specific recordings of the symptoms related to different body systems arc
then made. Thus the health worker identifies a body system, e.g. the respiratory system
and encourages the carer to provide voluntary information on any particular symptoms,
e.g. breathlessness, cough, expectoration tightness in chest etc. Care is taken to ensure
that the interviewer docs not provide any direct or indirect suggestions during
questioning. The systems of the deceased, ns the carer may be embarrassed or unaware of
the medical implications of certain symptoms such as recurrent nightmares. Information
on medical treatment received and documents related are also gathered.
dfe
i.
'
'
Assessment of Verbal Autopsy Questionnaires
..
,
11 .A
’
.
' ''
Dr. U.N. Das (MBBS, MD) Chief, Division of Internal Medicine and Clinical
' ' Immunology, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad. He was awarded the prestigious
Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar prize for his contribution to Medical Sciences in 1992.
Dr. Ajitt Vigg (MBBS, DTCD, MRCP) Consultant physician and chest specialist at
Apollo Hospital, Hyderabad. He is one of the members of the international panel for lung
cancer in India.
'■
■
. i,'
\
The filled VAQ is then sent to a panel of three physicians along with available medical
records of the deceased. The physicians in the verbal autopsy assessment panel write their
opinions on the probable cause of death of the individual and whether it is attributable to
, the individual's exposure to the Union Carbide's gases. The doctors who are volunteering
their services in the assessment panel are:
■
< i '
.•
Dr. P.N.Rao (MBBS, MD, DM) Consultant Hepatologist and Gastro-enterologist,
/ ,, | Mediciti Hospitals, Hyderabad.
‘r'?C
■
Dr. Daniel Chandramohan. Head of the Verbal Autopsy group at the London School of.
Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK is the advisor to the verbal autopsy project at
■'i?
<■'
T>
Sambhavna Clinic. He lias made two visits to the clinic to review the work being carried.
'i' out and has expressed satisfaction with the quality of work.
1 '
Tlje final opinion on the probable cause of death and relatibility with exposure to Union
Carbide's toxic gases until just recently was given by Dr M. P. Dwivedi, former Director
'of the Bhopal Gas Disaster Research Centre (BGDRC) set up by the Indian Council of
Medical Research (1CMR). The final opinion is arrived at on the basis of the level of
agreement among the three dependent medical options. In case all the three doctors in the
C assessment panel opine that death has been caused due to exposure to Carbides' toxic
gases, the final opinion states that the 'most probable' cause of death is attributable to the
| December 1984 gas disaster. The final opinion states 'probable' in case two of the three
doctors agree on the nexus between exposure and subsequent death and 'possible' if only
one of the doctors in the panel mentions exposure as a probable cause of death. In case all
. three doctors opine that the disease or condition of death is not related to the person's
, exposure to Union Carbide's gases in December 1984, the final opinion issued by the
Sambhavna Trust states that the cause of death is unrelated to the disaster.
t" ■■
' ''
.
(
.
’
,L Validity of the method of Verbal Autopsy in ascertaining cause of death
>j',.
The method of Verbal Autopsy has been found, through numerous studies carried out in
different pails of the world, to have a positive predictive value in the range of 70% to
,l( 80% depending on the cause of death and age of the deceased. This range of validity has
been confirmed through comparison of opinions on cause of death as ascertained through
usual autopsies (post-mortem examinations) and that through Verbal Autopsy.
' '
.
'
'
" i
Verbal Autopsy Data
r.,.1 ' •
The information collected through Verbal Autppsy up to March 31, 2000 is presented
below iii Table - X
i.
Deaths
recorded
Interviews
completed
Mediea
1
autopsy
done
Verbal Autopsy
final opinion
Most
Probable
Probable
Possibl
e
Unrelated
to
exposure
99
01
81
14
[17.28%
]
30
[37.0 %]
26
[32.1
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11
[13.5%] '
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219
1
I
PHA-■Exchange*
Mandela's closing address
Subject: PILi-Exchange--* N. Mandela's closing address
Date: me, 21 Aug 2001 19:45:27 -r0700
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <aviva'3>netnam.vn>
1 o: <oha-exclian2e'd'kab!ssa.org>
CLOSING ADDRESS BY FORMER PRESIDENT NELSON MANDELA
ajr tot 2 3TH INTERNATIONAL AIDS CONFERENCE, 14 JULY 2000, DURBAN
> uedc.'i/ WeiguS kea'/ny upon Ute zOz Lite gravity of Cue responsiilld.! Cy
> placed on one.
> No disrespect is intended towards the many other occasions where one has
> been privileged to speak, if I say that this is the one event where
> every word ottered, every gesture made, had to be measured against the
> effect It can ar.d will .heve on the lives of millions of concrete, real
> human beings all over this continent and planet. This is not an academic
> conference. Ims j.sz as I understand it/ a gathering of human beings
> concerned about turning around one of the greatest threats humanbind has
> faced/ and certainly the greatest after the end of the great wars of the
> previous century.
> Tt is never my custom to use words lightly. If twenty-seven years in
> prison have done anything to us, it was to use the silence of solitude
> <_c make i_<.j
c.c4X4>u 11aw» precious noras arc ana now rear ^p^eaa
^.n
>
j.
Lz> lupact upon the way people j.ive and die.
> It by way ot introduction I stress the importance of the way we speak,
> it is also because so much unnecessary attention around this conference
> had been directed towards a disovte that is unintentional J.v distr^.c-tinc
> ~ rem t’.he
7 ’
a n\ri
=• — >> 7 qepoq yo <3
con Iron ed with * s a corn ry,
s j. do i'lOL jCnOw i:saij.y enough auuui ^deiice aiid Its 1'aechodOj.OgleS
abuUc
a- uhe policies of science and sciencific praccice to even wish co scare
> contributing to the debate that has been raging on the perimeters ot
> this conference.
am, however, old enouch and harrci cone .throuch sufficient conflicts end
> disputes ir. c.” life-tir.e to brow that in all disoutes a ooint is arrived
> at where no party, no matter haw right, or wrong it might have been at
uhe scare or chac oispuee, win any longer be uotany m cue rignc or
> totally in the wrong. Such a point, I believe, has been reached in this
> debate.
> The President of this country is a man of areat intellect who takes
> scientific thinking very seriously and he leads a government that I know
> ■*■ c be committed tn those nrinddes o-f science and reason.
The sciencnic community Oj. tms country, 1 aiso jenow, no^os aear^y co
> Lhe orinciole of freedom of scientific enouirv, unencuinbered bv undue
f the continent and the world - and
f those suffering and dying. And this can only be
nee(:5 an.
1 of 4
8/23/01 12:11 PM
PP A-F\-change> \ Mandela’s dosins address
in partnershi,
on
sc*-
s
to ris
'cod
ir differences and combine our efforts co save our
judge us harshly if we fail to do so now, and right
tragedy of unprecedented proportion.
both
Leachers
> Business has suffered, or will suffer, losses of personnel, productivity
> and orofits; eco^oivic crrow+h is beincf undermined and scarce development
<J a
> societies and economies. uecades have been chopped from life expectancy
> and young child mortality is expected to more than double in the most
> severely affected countries of Africa. AIDS is clearly a disaster,
> effectively wioinc out the development gains of the past decades and
end t
c frightening thing is that all of these infections, which statistics tell
> us about, and the attendant human suffering, could have been, can be,
> prevented.
Scrc.e
a ir.a
rer.
> the experience in a number of countries has taught that HIV infection
> can be prevented through investing in information and life skills
> development for young people. Promoting abstinence, safe sex and the use
> proven to be essential in the fight against AIDS, we have recognised the
> importance of addressing the stigmatisation and discrimination, and of
> providing safe and supportive environments for people affected by
x uzz i erxtbnCtb.
oczyxHd <ax:u
azouxUHliia l±uli Can UH
; ii&w liij.tsGLd.Giib
Cc
■> be preventea; and the capacity of families and communities to care for
> people living with HIV and AIDS can be enhanced.
add
*-he Sont’7 African government
has not moved
.o ge done. 1 do iiol doubt. for one moment umi he wiri
> aucn more
2 of 4
8/23/01 12:11 PM
PH A-Exchanse> N. Mandela's closing address
> proceed to tackle this task with the resolve and dedication he is known
> for.
> we need to break the silence, oamsh stigma and discrimination, and
> ensure total inclusiveness within the struggle against AIDS; those who
> are infected with this terrible disease do not want stigma, they want
> ife need to aggressively treat opportunistic infection; and
U- -. 77* y- h
c? — r*
" 7 4" i e
— >z7r?^'G f0 7" ■'"7^7 7 d 7"r?r'
> tor zhis there is need for us to be focussed, zo be strategic, and to
> mobilise all of our resgurces_and__alliances, and to sustain the effort
> until this war is won. About two years ago I invited one of the stars
> who ooened this conference, Nkosi Johnson and as I sooke to him, I asked
> >. r~ s ^i2est i on ‘ "what do you want to
when yon are old?" a rd he said
> SSlCl ''it J.OOkS like iidi'U ivtllk. "
dug
che pOliiC IS Cna <_ an of
Lio
nave d
x
cy £0
supporz and love zo ail those who, on many occasions, have
> become HIV positive not because of any bad behaviour on their part,
> esoecialiy" children.
> rii 'v ,
ulhcXo
ixui!
lulcxluil-mj
dud
lip:
Said to liie: wild t do yuU t-iij-iiK Ox
-> xTien like myself, iz was very difficuiz zo answer because he suffers from
> a type of cancer which affects the bone, which has made his bones
> brittle and every time somebody touches him roughly there is a breakage
> somewhere in his bodv and he asked me this ouestion; "what do think of
>
7 o 7 i It-q npycfi < r/o c O /7Th o X 7 r f ' O" t'.’ W? S t^'pt T i d OO"f" rJa, nt t Q O' T.rP ?• 7 *7’
que^,>_a.Zfn, i i,hcn ■Soa."z/iO j.iupvx uuZi<- zn^hg u.<3
va are
nave Lue s^tiuj-icy tvf Having two parents wno j.tjve you, you are a very
> bright:, intelligent youngster, don't thing you will leave your family,
> your beloveds, your people, your country under a cloud of shame. You
> must be determined that vou will disappear under a cloud of alorv and I
> quoted to him a verse which I often repeat, especially when T am faced
> with
situaticr. cf havir.c to say good byp ^o somebody "cowards die
>.
~? ■»valiant, never taste of death but,
once, oi aj.j. <^ne—Woncers i vez nave seen JLu. seems mosz
L.<xcau. men
> should fear seeiiig that death, a necessary act wiIjl. death when it ivxxx
> come" zhaz was Shakespeare and everyone who listens to those words
> 'disappears under a cloud of glory, becomes a worthy candidate _for
> 'immortality. We want to move away from rhetoric to practical action and
> as I said earlier this mornina we want men and women who car penetrate
> T-nis
p.^d xncradt-ha beaiit'v inside everv human bei^o.
*7"
> you
x ourselves . Lei us, nowever, not underestimate the resources required to
3 nf 4
8/23/01 12:11 PM
ph
A.Fvchanse> X Vandf’scl<wn»
> conduct this battle. Partnership with the international communitv is
> vital. A constant theme in. ali~bur messages has been that in this
> irifefr-8e5enoeht and globalised world, we have indeed again become the
> .keepers of our brother-end sister. That cannot be mere graphically the
•*- 1- « — i
o r? **?"
<r .o * c? rr T~ey y h "r y? Cf
> .4^ one SLiiall oO£i cl -ljJu C.i.tJlL cu tnet yxeai. GOiiuoo.ned tiifuit. that zo icC/ulieu',
> I have instructed my toundation to explore in consultation with others
> the best way in which we can be involved in the battle against this
> terrible scourge ravaaina our continent and world, it is, I think, not
> somethinc that can .be achieved bv a sinole individual. Ho matter how
> community without that tnis battle will not be won and also to use the
> skills, the experience, the research that have been conducted all over
> the world in order to enlighten our people as how to approach this
> 1 have been asked on countless occasions, which ot the heads ot states
> of the world has imoressed me most, (fell I have to be careful because
> '■hat answer to that question could lead to a diplomatic row any many
> C Cdfifli Li.rz z uzer 3 Z>ut
iv/2<z ita v^c
tAiOStsli Llic
wOzzCf dS
tfi& tiicfdti't: Of their
operations, who feel uhe greatest challenges are the sdcio^c'or:omic
> issues that face the world like poverty, illiteracy, disease, ^lack' ot
> housing, inability to send vour children to school - those are mv ~ > zeroes. If any head of state oualifies in this, he is mv hero.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space tor change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
website c htti?: / Swvrw. kabi ssa. <?ro/inaiIman/1 i stinfo/nha—exchantre
4 of 4
8/23/01 12:16 PM
IW A.2001 I FW: TECH Debate: Heairh. equity justice and globalisation
Subject: [PIIA2001! TV.': JECI-I Debate: Health, equity, justice and globalisation.
Date: Wed, 29 Aug 2001 09:28:01 -1000
From: "Ken Harvey" <k.harvey@biepond.net.au>
ply-To: PIIA2001 •'gyalioogroups.CvHi
Io: "PHA2001" <PHA2uui;aiyalioogroups.coni>
tyl
Oiiyii'i.o i iC^owyC
nom: tquiuau, saiud y Uesanoiiu. Division ue saiuu y Desanoiio riumano (HDP)
[mailto:EOUIDAD@LISTSERV.PAHO.ORGjOn Behalf Of Ruggiero, Mrs. Ana Lucia (WDC)
Sent: Tuesday. 28 August 2001 12:39 AM
To: EQUIDAD@LISTSERV. PAHO.ORG
Subject: JECi i Debate: Health, equity, justice and globalisation
Debate: Health, equity, justice and globalisation
Journal of Epidemiology and Community health
September 2001 JECH’s debate on globalisation and health is entirely free access.
Hearth, equity, justice and globalisation: some lessons from the People's Hearth Assembly
F Baum - J Epidemioi Community Health 2001 ; 55:613-6
Full text at: http://www.iech.eom/cgi/contenOTull/55/9/613
"
Can you imagine a world in which the spread of globalisation meant the world becoming a more just and
equitable place? This seems like an impossible dream All the indications are that the ci irrent forms of
globalisation are making the world a safe place for unfettered market liberalism and the consequent growth of
inequities. This economic globalisation is posing severe threats to both people’s health and the health of the
planet '
Towards a more sustainable globalisation: the role of the nubile health communitv
DOUGLAS W EETTCHER and HEATHER WIPFLI - J Epidemiol Community Health 2001;55:617-3
Full text ci: http:Atw.w.;och.oom/oqi/contentffljl!/55/9/S17
in nei atliue Fran Baum is coirect in pointing out trial trie political complexities oi oui globalised woiid
must oe taken into account by public neaitn professionals. Global health futures are directly or indirectly
associated with the transnational economic, social, and technological changes taking place in the world. Issues
such as bovertv ecuitv and iustice must be firmly rooted in any discussions aimed at improving global public
health. However globalisation is a "janus faced" creature: the double face of globalisation one promising and the
other threatening, is a feet of life as humanity is being catapulted into a more interdependent future
"~
A dialogue of the deaf? The hearth impacts of globalisation
KELLEY LEE - J Epidemiol Community Health 2001:55:619
FuH tsxt at http7^?Aivw..joch.corn/cg'7cont9nt/fij!!/55/9/6 ‘!9
"
Opinion about me true impacts on human health of globalisation remains sharply aivfeed. On me one hand,
a wide range cf health professionals, non-governmental organisation? (NGOs). scholars and activists fear
giobaiisation is worsening the divide between haves and nave nots to unprecedented degrees
Liberalisation, health and the World Trade Organisation y
JALD LABONTE - J Eoidemiol Community Health 2001:55:620-1
Full text at: httb:/Aww.iech.com/cqi/contentffull/55/9/F?0
” The contemporary globalisation project of which Baum writes rests on the promise mat economic growth
benefits all.1 Originally enforced through Structurel'Adjustmer.t Programs' trinity of privatisation, reduced public
spending and increased trade liberalisation, It is the benefits of the latter that now dominate the "globalisation is
good” argument So dominant is this claim that it deserves close scrutiny "
! off
9/3/01 12:00 PM
-tnnilFtV* mCHDfhar-'
eauirv insrice and Hnhalicarinn
Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 08:52:16 +0200
From: masoni@unaids.org
To: FAX 000021639900 {Smali__xvlohamcd}j@Uxiaids.org,
FAX 000267302980 {Potlako Mo!ethe}@unaids.org, "Luc Montagnier" <b.gutierrez@unesco.org>,
"Pooven Moodlev" <afalive@iafrica.com>, FAX 0008479379555 {Rick Moser}(ajunaids.org,
"Brane Mozelic" <Biaae.MozetiC@.gue$i.aines.si>, "Joyce R. Mpauga' <iukduvu@iniui.uom>,
"Bernadette Mpekevimana” <anss@cni.cbinf.com>, ” Sophia Mukasa Monico” <tasodata@imul.com>,
"Shanta Lal! Mulmi" <recphcc@infoclub.com.np>, "James B. Musslev.hite" <Jim@ucan-wa.org>,
"Godwin Mzenga" <gmzenge@fptik.org>, "Godwin Mzenge" <gmzenge@fpak.org>,
" Indra Nadcharram" <aidsfiind@nooniail.asiaconnect.com.mv>. "FL R. Namarika" <malawt@wvi.org>.
FAX 0vOz.o4vi261 i 18_ t_ NArJASO rtazunaxGs.org, Thcima Narayan ■^soclxara\&.vsixl.com>,
"Paiani Narayanan" <nyawal3@notmail.com>, Jr." <amm@inspnational.org> "@mx2 .vsni.com,
Augustus■>
'' /coke Nasmittrii
com * Dyi*'henkc Natalya"
?.>y u?>
"Cliawalii Naipraian" <chawalit@.cm.kse.co.th>, FAX 0003026979 {Juana_Navairo}@unaids.org,
' "Eileen Sbusiso Ndlovu" <bywca@mega.bw>. FAX_00091456245339_{_Network_SMI}@unaids.org,
"Alessandra Cabral dos Santos Niio" <-gcstos@eiogica.com.br>,
"Mickael Norling" <marie-li@netcom.com>, "Anna Nowak" <tada@free.ngo.pl>.
i'viUCv x’fitimoirwvKi mt*vso@hmul.com>, xvlichacl Nycnhuis <xxisloterau,6^xxiap.org>,
"Francma Nyirenda" <manaso@maiawi.net>." Bill O’Louglilin" <billol@magna.com.au>,
maiVc ntdcalhanoe c>ro> " Jeffrey O'Malley" <jomallev@?.idsalliatice.org,
"Dorothy Ouaiauibo" <wofak@xcouneci.co.ke>, "Bmiala Ojha" <ncasu@jiic.uet.np>,
FAX_000218907_{R.F._Okallo}@unaids.org. "Mary Okoth" <afritrus@lineone.net>.
".Ana Oliveira" <anao@.gmhc.org>, F.AX_00012022934167 {Da@d_Oot}@unaids.org,
"Eugene Oscapeila" <eoscapei@fox.nstn.ca>, r AX_ 0003712536312 {Gumars Osis}@unaids.org,
"Yuri Osoianu" <falesti@mednet.md>. "Cheryl Overs" <hartpetz@hotmail.com>,
Tankul Islam Palasn <aid^}bdonlinc.com>, Carmen xvlurguia Pardo '-ics^}tcrra.com.pc>,
"Warren Parker" <cadre@icon.co.za>, "Nick Partridge" <nick.partridge@tht.org.uk>,
"Rodrigo Pascal" <comavih@interactiva.cl>, FAX 000632899556111 { PATH}@unaids.org,
"Anthony Patten" <iuea@ksc.net.tb>
!
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1
j
xNTSRNATxQNAL PARTNERSnl? AGAINST AIDS IN AFRICA
Tnfo e-traJweek-'.v bulletin No 61, 3n Auaust 2001
icll-rree AIDS nociines lor South Africa and Nigeria
Awareness programme tor UN scarf in Uganda
1. Addressing stigma m the Kenyan media
Southern Africa AIDS Information Dissemination Service (SA.fA.IDS: hosted a
tltr vfexupxUg ci leoOurce bdS-S,
..'.“•vild yiG'. . _ ii'j.ieiSf
etlid dev^xUplii'J « iuSulc: pOxiCy
on
r02? iu©2?9 inroi’mauion conuscc AUiorci Scsi^y &c
auicraissafaids. ora.zw
uxLCtnJi';
Ce'ikiai .-.x 11 ICclii xvgpUOx 1C,,
•
DclliCCiaClC Republic Ox CORgO alld
chad;, in one presence of the four countries' Ministers of Healon and Transport
. The purpose of the initiative is to contribute to a reduction of HIV/AIDS and
STIs and reduce the socio-economic imoact of the ecidemic in the subregion, by
oromotino subregional collaboration and setting un interventions generating
added value to co'.’.??v-98 efforts. Fc>~ r!’n-'~e ■’ir,^=ov'rv,at'’on Ja?. s° contact T^a2T,’^en
3. Toll-Free AIDS hotlines for South Africa and Nigeria
Two African countries have launched toll-free hotlines that provide callers with
the latest and most accurate information on the HIV/AIDS eoidemic. The Johns
Konkins University Center for Communication Programs (JHU/CCP) and USAID haloed
LifeLine co esca’olioh mexi new holiine. Ine phone numoer xor cne
stuth .African hot_me is
7 si- 3333-Jii-31i. ihe isigeria-oased hotline can be
reached at 234-01-772-2200 or 2'34-01-773-2201.
_jCai sex vice cviiulgcls. xue dwax'eii^sss pLogiamm— wa^ cux'iciucceci iiom o xu Augus^,
with facilitation of Milamay centre, one of the health facilities participating
in the UNAIDS Drug Access Initiative, and UNAIDS.
The aim or the workshop was
to promote awareness and understanding of issues around HIV/AIDS for staff
workiho for UN organisations in Veranda.
Concerning the provision of
co*'iu>'eher>s’ ^•’’e
~ns c.°.v9, a cost.i
stodv on "iam/7emer’h
— onnosh■* c
ccmoany are ciosc cc tina...izacicn.
xne cutcc/mcs c_ mio arc a*a—-c.G—c «-c
interested business partners. For more information pxease contact Jantme Jacobi
at jaccbiisinxocoiu.. co. ug
The international Partnership against AIDS in Africa
(IP.AA)
is a coalition of
actors who havg chosen to work together to achieve a shared vision - to
devexopment.
Tr.e actors or the ratuneisuip are; nxiican goverintieucs;
cc-sponsors of UNA.IDS; doners; the private sector including labour; and the
community sector. (See www.unaids.org/africapartnership/whatis.htmi )
More info.rmation on the Partnership and related issues is available at
'.•.".■."w. nnai ds . o-c/a^’-icana^t’r,e’'sh’n/hrr'1
. ’C’r.dlv forward tb’s «-«"a’1 to any
9/3/01 11:49 AN
2 of 4
TP A A week?v e-hnJknn no 61
-7 PARTENAP.IAT international contp.e if sida EN AFRIQUE
—
- t
i1
,4-
r,
1
0.-10 -
v'fi
I
a
A i-
onnn
L/.Ck.v centre La stiQiHi.isation dans xes media kenyans
- _. _anctmenU ae 1’initiative du fleave Congo-Oubangui-Cnari
3. Un num^ro vert pour le SI DA. en Afrique du Sud et au Nigeria
.:. /" programme de sensibilisation pour le personnel des Nations Unies en
Ovaanda
.
..
CG2Ix..rC
-< <___ m>uuv1Juv1vi>
u. ci
mu.\u
-Su
IiicG...-:*
j<c. i i j-<!.“!<.■
_e 3-1. ice de diffusion de 1’information SILA en Afrique ausiiaxe
(SAxAiLS; e
accueilli du 3 au 5 aout LOOi un seminaire destine aux professionnels des meaia
au Kenya dans le but d’explorer le dears de stigmatisation dans la couverture du
VZE/SIDA oar les media et d'examiner leur role potential dans la reduction de
foTTTt-ri on riss orofs’i’onnels, elaboration d'-rn» base de
cette
o.—
»«oe
q 1 ''
"
■*->'n 1 n
o
<4o •=•
mazp a
.op
Hq
rr.qpi.qpa
UT t; / Q T p A
Dp-n
z-l.p
p 1 ii o.
2. lancement de Is initiative au ileuve congo-oubangui-Chari
Le Di recteur executir de 1’GNUS I DA., le Dr Peter Pict, a lance le 28 aout 2001 d
Brazzaville !Congoi, 1'Initiative des pays riverains des fleuves Congo-Oubanaui
at Chari en or^sence des ministres en charge de la sante et des transports des
ys-'’? de 1 ’ i^* i td a t ivr- (Conao. Pen-vbl^ cue ce^t^af v'icaire, Renubliaue
Jans La sou.s-reg-.on. par -a prcmOuxo-. de xa cox-aboraurori oOus-reglonaxe et xa
uise en application aes interventions pouvant generer une valeur ajoutee aux
encores ce chaque pays. Pour de pxus amples informations, contactez Damien
Rweaera a rweaerad@aviso.ci
vIH/SIDA. Le centre des programmes oe communication de 1‘universite Johns
nopjcms (JHU/CCf) et 1’USAID ont aide les deux pays a mettre en place ce
service. Un partenariat a ete etabli avec La fondaticn publidue VIH/SIDA. de
Lagos et la fondation Locale de "Youth Emoowerment” oour installer le numero
"sr-
P11
7\j-
i q
10 TO. ' c--
O'
°
zmar r
c; • i S __q e v~ i
r- q ■> r-. p
v'.qirq
’ 1a
qt
” T0
4. Un programme de sensibilisation pour xe personnel des Nations Unies en
Ouqanda
“cirecteurs de^ acrences des Nations unies ont recemment decide de meet
-•--.-V'q '-1-1
n V*fi(q-V'q«nivio
Uerx-ire Mxxdmay,
rio
S AO S i b
1 2 SSt
OU
a1? VTH/STDA
PT
d ’
■’T' ’1
1 «•=:
x ’ une deo suxucuures ue c-aiiud par t-xuipaiiU a I'inlulative UNJSIDA
o:acces aux medicaments, et de X’ONuSiDa. Le but au seminaire etait de
seiisibiliser le personnel aes Nations Unies en Ouqanda et a’ameliorer sa
compreiiension des questions relatives au V1H/SID?.. En ce aui concerne la
tov-rniture de soins d’ensemble pour le VIH/SIDA, une etude du coGt de la arise
iHxojsmations, contactez uantme uacooi a jacoDx,.$xnxocoi.Yi. co. ug
3 of 4
93/01 11:49 Ai
U>AA weekly e-bulletin no 61
oq rrc»pv-i
4 p 4- ,q v-n o i- -ir> qi" centre ^e S ~ DA en A.f^iaue e^t urie co a1
pi-yaur.uxC’; du vid, itsuuire oQii ixhpacc et interrompre tout nouveau renversement
au developpement humain, economique et social. Les acteurs de ce partenariat se
composent des gouvernements atricains, des oraanismes coparrainants de
1'SNTSIDA. des ddnateurs. du secteur orive v compris les travailleurs et du
4 of 4
9/3/01 11:49 A?
LE PARTENARIA T INTERNATIONAL CONTRE LE si da en aerique
Bulletin d’in formation e-mail hebdomadaire, 61, 31 aoiit 2001
1. Lutte contre hi stigmatisation nans les media kenyans
2.
3.
4.
Lancement de I’initiative dn iieuve Congo-Oubangui-Chari
Un nuincro vert pour k SID A en Afrique du Sud et au Nigeria
Un programme de sensibilisation pour ie personnel des Nations Unies en Ouganda
1. Lutte centre la stigmatisation dans les media kenyans
Le Service de diffusion de I'liiToimation SIDA en Au'iquc australe (SAfAIDS) a accueilli du
3 an 5 aoi'it 2001 un seminaire destine aux professionnels des media au Kenya dans le but
d'explorer le degre de stigmatisation dans la couverture du VIH/SIDA par les media et
d'examiner (ear role potentiel dans la reduction de celte attitude: formation des
professionnels, elaboration d’line base de ressources et d’une politique des media en matiere
de VIH/SiDA. Pour de plus ampies informations, contactez Aldora Stauy a
nyiJ.'y
......
'
r’/?
>'
c rird
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C-vilgO-OuWit
Le Directenr executif de I’ONHSIDA. le Dr Peter Piol. a lance le 28 aoi.it 20(11 a Brazzaville
(Congo), I'lnitial;.? des pay:; riverains des flouvcs Congo-Oubangui et Char; en presence do.
ministres en charge de ia saute et des transpons des quatre pays de i’initiative (Congo,
P.epiibhou? centrafricaine. P.eoub’iou? democratic!’? du Con°o et Tchad). Le but de
I’initiative esi de contribuer a ia reduction des IST/V1H/SIDA cl d'aUenuer i'impacl socioeconomiqiie de 1'epidemie dans la sons-region par la promotion de la collaboration sousrcgionak ci ia rmsc on application des interventions pouvant genorer une valour ajoulcc aux
efforts de chaque pays. Pour de plus amides informations. contactez Damien Rwegera d
f**dFC: C<
VZ S:■ ‘.dl
3. Un numero ven pour ie SIDA en Ai’rique du Suu el au Nigeria
Deux pays africains ont mis en place des numeros verts qui offrent aux appelants les
informations les plus recentes et les plus exactes stir 1’epidemie de VIH/SIDA. Le centre des
programmes de communication de 1’universite Johns Hopkins (JHU/CCP) el 1’USAID ont
aide les deux pays a mctlre on place co service. Un partonarial a etc etabli awe la fondalion
publique VIH/SIDA de Lagos et la fondation locale de “Youth Empowerment” pour installer
le numero vert au Nigeria tandis que le gouvernement sud-africain a travaille avec I’ONG
locale LitvLine. Lc numero vert a .-0r,aue au oua esi ie e/-1 i~oooc~o(leiui au
T,nos^.,
i...
.-on'i,... r,
r.vze. 'Oiot
4. c n program me de seiiSibiiisaiion pour le personnel des Nations Unies en Ouganda
Les directenrs des agences des Nations Unies ont recemment decide de mettre en ceuvre un
programme de sensibilization au VIH/SIDA et d’inclure les antiretroviraux dans 1’assurance
maladie du personnel sous conlrat local. Le programme de sensibilisation a ete realise du 6 au
10 aout, avec ’’aid? du Centre Mi’dmav. I’une des structures de sante participant a I’initiative
UNUS1DA d’acces aux medicaments, et de 1’ONUSIDA. Le but du seminaire etaii de
Jiq-'-'T*
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questions relatives au Viii/SIDA. En ce qui concerne lafbuniiture de soins d'ensembie pour
!e VIEESIDA. one etude do cofit de In prise en charge des infections opportnni’tes a etc
cniicprise cl les uego ci aliens awe la sociele d'assurance rnaladiv locale sent pres d’aboutir.
Les resultats de celles-ci sent a la disposition des nartenaires interesses. Pnurde nius ar>K>les
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Food for ? sconce s rhon ’Ji*
Subject: FILL Exchanged- Food for a sceptic’s thought
Date: Sai, i Sep 2001 12:55:45 -0700
Fror*?: n(. laudio Sch’jftan” <?.v?a■R/17;net!‘iani.vn>
C rga nixa G ou; AVIVA
I o: <pha-exchange@kabissa.com>
AIMING AT THE TARGET: WHAT'S LEFT FOR THE DEVIL TO ADVOCATE?
Some thoughts on the setting of goals and targets in nutrition:Have they
helped progress or not?
- time -^ognci, momtoraoie g_c>Oci_ gears anci targets, and
saying that the same will be or are being really useful. Keen in mind that
setting tnese goa_s is the result of a process in which public admission of
dissent is diffieri~
lerefore, countries pledge, but do not really e
c?.e rl./.e ~.c arrive at universally acceptable indicators chat can measure
sus~a_nacle progress m processes sucii as participation, mobi-tisation ano
empowen®nt. InsteSS, we have spend time and money choosing and monitoring
outcome goals and targets that have unduly overmedicaiised the nutrition
problem. Think about it.
ccr a nutjoer or oretuy unreaxisuxc measures, unaxxordabxe to most. devexopung
countries' state coffers. With low resources, one cannot but get iow
coverages —and this is by definition, not only ineffective, but also
wasteful.
The danger I see is that we may be doing it again for goals to
2015. At the moment, we have no assurances that the new set o~ ana’s will
is? l?sd?rs. r.h? ipsdis srd ?,.?wb?v's of c1" v* ' soc1' ©Tv sev
••*c reovor, rzr?? sorious concerns aris? ns']?©.
One is on w?.t the 'udges should be of what is realistic. Certainly not only
me
:o; a-,.<. And certainiv, realism can no longer be cased on global,
1 of 4
9/3/01 12:05 P
...... J _ aOl t Ji. _.’.l 3 CtlV.eS C-3 .
. — C tl'iS responses WG received tO tile
questionnaire sent :it tc field workers which you can find in the next
?n,
.-.e are expeccea co endorse concrete advice on directions and
i* c r examvie, improvements m v_camm rx scams pcsrciveiy aiLes. nimriciona_
anaemia; improvements m iron status can positively affect the appetite of a
child. Quite a few other examples can be found. Our actions to address
m -j
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17 V
in an adverse environment. Yes. we can get the retinol levels of a child up
to normal, Put the child oces on to die verv anaemic from malaria. So, to
ted co cackling the underlying and basic causes of
malnutrition. Much more needs to be done on this, perhaps starting with the
demedicalisation of our goals, as well as with focusing more on these
processes than, mostlv on ourcop'es. And t'?i> a.'oolie? to ali of 75.
Decause it rest
couio e
. ..t:
^.qu---- y
I
1)
(I)
Reaching targets ;usually followed by a congratulatory stage; can be
misleading. Applying all prescribed interventions primarily to the
asier-to-reach near Door —say the second lowest income quintile— can,
ventually, ger ns ro achieve national targets on schedule. T do not need to
On accvsacicns cf dependency and top-down implementation:
2 of 4
9/3/01 12 :05 Pi.
Pi J A-Fxch«nge> Fond for a *.:enric’’; thought
Tne achievement of micronutrient goals has created dependency. How? Not only
are manv iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) and vitamin A deficiency
disorders (VADD) schemes too-down —with an element of dependency there-h"r svoolies and other resources are, more often than not, donor provided.
tne reasons for a lack of commensurate donor support for iron deficiency
anaemia (IDA) and tor the reduction ot child malnutrition? Does it nave
something to do with donor fatigue or with targets for these two having been
s^t at unreasonable jevels? (Remember that, iustifiablv or not, UNICEF
? v~r>v> r? *" *'*■ o ttq -t +- r, v. 4
r- r ~ r. •’v'r'C v..ir>
~
- — c 'v> t ri — i~i o r~ r> r>
'
eyes of donors (.and many amongst us) ID-. and cnionic maxnuuricion are more
messy co deal with chan liu ano
mere is all this bottom-up, community
action, poverty alleviation, ecuity and other such involved in them, as well
as longer time horizons. Donors pay plenty of lip service to these more
than, so far, embarking head-on on working on solutions for them. That is
not fatigue; it is not a lack of will, it is a political choice. Internal
m signt. ~nat texxs me mat mis is manging soon.
Tne poverty alleviation connection:
"ill the new global shift of all donor agencies towards covert •; alleviation
■''^r^cies hauoen? and will it char.o^ what ha? been said ab^v^? Th?
ucno. resources going xor cue prevention oi malnum i ..ion. oemg ar. inou-cat-ui
aces not translate into neing the object of concerted new efforts and
investments directed at halving malnutrition. We have a lot more to do here.
Improved socio-economic status will improve nutrition, but we know that is
only part of the story —although quite a big one.
y us on some teci*:mcax grounds. But consensus must be pa ms t a Kingxy ouixt
or them in many, many places wish both bottom-up and top-down inputs, mere
3 of 4
9'3/01 12:09 PM
■
are
.• ..c_ t-cut-c-.
jcais or no goals, ror people to gain controx
over the I'escuvci-j tb.ev need to overcome all aspects of malnutrition remains
■:
<£■■■. P:=»"• =r-£o»; ’rvr.^EF’? cop.c°oru?J. f ran?.9work? or th1?
of
4 of 4
9/3/01 12:09 PM
PH A-F xcb.?»»<> Bui! of the U HO: Issue on Globalization
Subject: I'll VExchangO Bull of the WHO: Issue on Globalization
Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2001 23:09:38 n-0700
Front: "C'laudio Schttfian** <avivaft?netnam.vn>
rgautzu Cion: A v TV A
fo: 'Liitiipor' <hlth.poiicy(aihu.viui.vn>
G*G’ J «tr> ti
,.*i vppon 0 p/'/y'.t'oi'it
pQpiX
> Available online at:
> http: //www. who. int/bulletin/tableofcontents/2001/vol. /9_no. 9. html
> <http: //www.who.int/bullet in/tableofcontents/2 001/vol. 79no.9.html>
1tO
>
21S
:
dicingliig
._.rcr ^L.k, j. l G
;':zra .l C:: j.cCi-~.:>Cclpe
~
Gi-i' a
> Beaglehole
> ? Globalization: from rhetoric to evidence -Richard G.A. Eeachem.
s'
:
Oci-.-i Za.j. Ol': goC'O 1O1 'j'Ouu.' iiOa _ u.'i
g
■
vd’/j.C;
L'C’j.j.tSi.
> ? Globalization and nealtn: results and options - Giovanni Andrea Cornia
>
>
?
-
"he
’ ■-
aloba 1 iz.ation of r.r'c'in hea.tt: the first 100 years of international
Xt
7 r~yrAa f-'\/^ — tie VI d
1o1
r-
ci:id the co:i^tiaint5 - C.P, Chcinciiasekndi <i J. Gnosn
L:.e
> 7 Globalization and occupational health: a perspective from southern
Africa
Lcei’/en so^:
_> >
Cl; a
r <5 U S Z
> ? Globalization and health: a framework for analysis and action
>
David Woodward, Nick Drager, Robert Beaglehole, & Debra Lipson
Boohs £ Electronic Media
> ? human frontiers, environments and disease: past patterns, uncertain
> futures (Tony Hci-lichael) -Robert Beaglehole
9 3 '01 12:13 PM
-XCPiSil'jS 1J hOSL-SCi OR iXaiZZSSa ~ OpciCS IO-' Change 1R AZRZCa
To post, xrize to: PHA-Exchange®kabissa.org
Website: h; ■ c: //ww. kabissa._. org/mailnian/listinfb/bjia-exchange
of 2
9/3 01 12:13 PM
Mi
PHA-Exchaneo Cigarette advertizing to youth
Subject: PHA-Exchauge> Cigarette advertizing id youth
' -
Date: Fri, 7 Sep 2001 23:49:37 +0700
+?
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <aviva@netnam.yn>
’
Organization: AVIVA
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
I
;
> CALL. fop. ihfopkatioh
> cram WHO:
>.
,.
"Tobacco industries are marketing to youth in several wdyts,
> with softer orstronger tactics depending oh;the legisla fci® existing
> and implemented. i.n the specific country. ifd. are Ippking .for .examples ■'
> of sports events, cultural happenings and sponsorships ,' distribution
■ ,
> of free samples, brand stretching by,-Tobacco companies ... any. direct
i
> or indirect marketing tactics by tobacco companies that you think are
> targeting children ana young people. We are looking for examples have
> taken place, in 2000/2001 or for events/campaigns that' have. behr.
,
> scheduled for the future. If you know of significant examples on the
. ,
> ability of Tobacco companies to advertise and. market to children and
>'i
> youth, please send us a short description of the event/advert/product/
promotion If you have images we would love to have them as well'. We are
collecting examples to build our advocacy., campaign. .’ ,
> Contact: Tobacco Free Initiative <tfi&who.int>
;(
.<
PHA-Exchange is bested on Kabissa. - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: FHA-Exchange8jcabissa.org
Website: http://www.kabissa.org/mailmanZlistinfo/pha-exchangh
9/10/01 10:43 AM
hcr..-aiy., 2 net: sene will spread to cover an entire species only if
it gives animals who have it some survival or reproductive advantage
-’’-r = „ ~P”* e.-77'pr •' ? c* c harzd fnund ti-jr. i n.jpni
■> one is to atcac.2 the gene to a bacterium called wolbachia, which can
> be made to infect mosquitoes, becoming effectively a part of the in> sect. When GM female ■ mate with males, they producex'SM offspring,
> ’.'.-■.j .er the males are Gfl or not. F'rt because of the necvli'* ~ vtc^T'
>
f
* ’p<;
l b.
” C ” - r''-'
fkh’T'a Joe
=>«■' — y
-s rrp^
-
y- 4 r.
T..x - >■
O"'
> ureakish
> The other method attaches the gene to a freakish chunk of DMA called
> a transoosable element, which hops between chromosomes during reoro-
? posable elements moving around, however, :h,e lm mosquito will always
> pass on the added qene to more than gutot its offspring - again,
> eventuallv covering an entire, secies.
> Steven Sinkins, of the Livercool School of Tropical Medicine, who has
> done extensive research into moscruitoes and wolbachia, said tests of
> Malaria is transmitted by female mosquitoes who harbour a parasite
> called olasmodium. The parasite infects humans from the insect's sa-
> Dr Sinkins argued against the idea that human intervention in a wild
> species on such a scale was unnatural or wrong. The species would
> live c~: it y/ould lust be n-cre hUsT-sn-friendlv.
> .’.-.y
<_u
l Ldtoii! x l
L/zer pdxaoxue?.
ztxx
yuu ‘ i e
aoxzzy
xo
xi/G z. ea^x.'zy
unc jy&l —
> cerzace cf individuals with rhose genes. rhey:ll still be biting."
> Dr James said the genetic accroach was no mere unnatural than the
> :~'a ' ~ ive, fa.ilinc effort of drucs a.nd insecticides.
> one conducts exoerlinentsf
2
:,vhql’s
gomcf to oe safe/ ano wnaz s noc.
9/5/01 10:03 AM
of 3
PHA-Exchange> Scientists plan to vine out malaria with GM mosquitoes
> "The problem ci infectious disease is going to be an eternal strug> ale. '.ihat we are looking for is the next wave of useful tools that's
> aoing to buy us time."
Exchange is hosted an Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
p sr_ <rite to: PHA-ExchangeSkabissa.org
' - - - a■
-■ s . - • j
" ’”a- /' 4 =*■
3 cf 3
/nha-exc'r anne
9/5 01 10:03 AM
’ll ■ '■.entitled
SubjectDate:
rrom:
rp'PT.VQO'i’l RMT article «avs globalisation is good for health
Tue, 04 Sep 2.001 23:10:41 .0100
pamzinkm <.pamziman'agn.apc.org>
PT-1 A?Oni rx-qfirinnflriinc ,yyn
Wanh-.T.v
i 1 :r-x2. .v : w crnwgx vuys.Cijiii, x x jLrr-ixui'vpC(U<Cgi vujzo.vOiii
r lease nv to look up ims web sue ami isjcnaid reacnems aincie, Lavid Legge and oiiicis replies. But
we ’iced renlipc from rhe Acini'. Tlric ic realty imnorfant.
hrtry
v.wav hmj con' cm
content full "O' '7311 sod
J3MJ 2001:323:.'04->06 ■ 1 September )
Pam zinkia
tei:44 (0)20 7609 1005
rxanrzinlrnv'e on anc orc
fax-44 (0)70 7700 7690
-t-'. -AusPa Hva<i
London N i OAK
rjv
9/5/01 10:48 AM
mt: '?.£AXCil'.’ 'oeop'ie against privatisation
'S.te: Sat, 08 Sep 2001 00:23:15 +0100
: ■: m: pamzinkir. <pamzinkin@gn.apc.org>
2-I.A2001@yahcogroups.com
'a Andy Rutherford <arutherford@oneworldaction.org>, achakera@oneworldaotion.org,
o* etley.a@heaithiink.org.uk, vincent.r@healthlink.org.uk, drew.r@healthlink.org.;.k,
r.rikerowsor.@medact.org, PHA2001@yahoogroups.com, PHA-Europe@yahocgrcups.t
2 allyson.pcllock@ucl.ac.uk, j.lancaster@ucl.ac.uk, ckchan@usm.my,
sphdgl@pop.iatrobe.edu.au, DeLogie@aol.com, maijan.stoffers@wemos.ni,
106313.30 • @compuserve.com, hanna.tapanainen@helsinki.fi, 1 len.verheul@wemos,r'
r_ick.alex@vi-gin.net, chd@compass.com.ph, aquizhpe@yahoo.com, aprocsal@ejje.ccn
ikezumi@n~.tb.biglobe.ne.jp, ghada@upmrc.org, u.kmammash@unrwa.org,
ellen verr.eui@wemos.nl, barschimmer@hotma.il.com, kasturi@mx2.vsnh oom,
ser. <ks231 @hermes.cam.ac.uk, vukaenzele@hotmail.com., sunii.deepak@aifo it,
benos@med.auth.gr
J cm is a rsslly firm outsat and asefttf article for all of ns
tr.r Eitzmio. A'ool.ogies if yon have received it more ttSnsnn
omce success
Related Articles, Books
1.
-.
J m:.b m Asstth Policy 2001;22(2):13!MS2
-.clJ'/s 7xrr.7sf.ga aganmistt RnefflUttBn care coontewrefforms ?.:a §7?'::?..
M, Beiras Cal H.
serial 1 lino Jesus, Madrid, Spain.
toe 1996, when the conservative Partido Popular was elected in Spain, it has attempted to weaker.
mantie the national health service. It has focused on three areas: privatization of health facilities
increasing valient copayments and decreasing publicly financed benefits, and increasing th1
e of private insurance in health coverage and care. A major role in this neoliberal strategy has bee
ci eation in one of the regions of "Fundaciones," independent substitutes for HHS racier m am.
vices, which are essentially copies of the "Trusts" developed by the Conservative government • '
Che paper describes the development of a broad people's movement which campaigned
joessfrily to combat the "Fundaciones"; these were returned to the regional public sector, and the
rservative government in Madrid announced they would abandon their previous principal policy z
r.sforming public hospitals into "'Fundaciones."
1 1. z 691z 2 J-ublZled - indexed for MEDLINE]
tel:44 (0)20 7609 1005
fax:44 (0)20 7700 2699
ndon N7 OAR
PHA-Exchange> links
Subject: PHA-Exchange> links
Date: Fri. 7 Sep 2001 12:29:46 +0300
From: "Alexis Benos" <beaos@msd.auth.gr>
To: <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org>
Dear friends,
r
have = look to the International Association of Health Policy site
www.healthp.org
. !•
1AHP is an international association snaring the same ideas and goals with
PHAmovement. The site use could help in information exchange, 'coordiantion
and cooperation. Note the next Conference in Mallorca. Spain.
Alexis Benos,
‘
■
member of PHA
Dr Alexis Benos
President of the international Association of Health Policy
Assistant Professor in Social Medicine
Medical Dept
flri1n TTni Trnrqi rv
---- _ „ t
C /! a a <
x ucOOauun
j_ rku.
Greece
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa — Space for change in Africa
iO post, wripe co: rrm~mxcxianc^ei^KaDiS5a■ or^
website: http://www.kabissa.org/mailman/Tistinfo/pha-exchange
lofl
9/10/01 10:17 AM
PHA-Exchange> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(2)
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Yes, it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(2)
Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 19:28:28+0700
1 of 1
j
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <aviva@netaam.vn> J
Organization: AVIVA
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
9/10/01 11:45 AM
The Equity/Equaiity approach:
relations between unequals reinforces inequality!
,
(3)
V;(.,
To illustrate this, think for a while that equity under Globalization is a
bit like the tight of the Mongoose and the Snake:
Both are of'about the same strength, but invariably the mongoose wins •
—it is -TiQzr?
i'.'.l snd it ox“g2.niz9s ■’ts stzratsgy bGttsx* to sti’iko.
AilS IaxSZ iiOxiy* IS aLKc
luOIigOOScj tilG ihixd hOLIQ IS llKG tliG STiakc .
j
The lesson of this fable is that an asymmetry in the use of market power
aggravates inequality. The affluent always end up having more political:
clout (and more wealth).
Therefore, promoting self-interest (the soul of
the market) is simply not enough.
We have to put.some hear!; into it; add
solidarity to sen—interest • (14)
[A modicum..or. anti—greed poncing
actions may help as well.].
To achieve greater equity, a set of "equity modifiers" have!been proposed. , s
These include: targeting interventions (geographically and/or to vulnerable '
groups or individuals), land reform, educatidnal^water and
,,
sanitation/health/nutrition and family planning interventions,;employment.
generation, grassroots participation in setting priorities, development of
the non-farm rural economy, aid to rural women, and the levying of taxes on
polluters and degraders. (2)
:i
J
As pertains.,co gender, the latter has reached a unique statustin the
:
transnational liberal order. Gender equality is (finally) considered
compatible with the basic tenets of the neo-liberal credo.
But economic’
equality, not. (16)
Remedies proposed to specifically increase equity and access tq basic
.
services thus include financial and non-financial approaches. To recap and=
add, amona the former are the targeting of subsidies (i.e. selective
subsidies of goods and services disproportionately,consumed by the poor),
pxcpQymcri'c pj.<***s ^c.g.
y*jdqsgcI aXGclTtiIa xhsuz*oZxCg) t exemptions cine*
selective dropping pi some fees (e.gz health and educational). Among the »
latter are a greater emphasis on decentralization, on the use of social
marketing (*), on prevention and on improvements of the quality of care'(in
;i
health), as well as on a fairer urban/rural distribution of Resources.
.. .
L (+) :Social marketing —one or tne sweetheart companions o*. ulobanzad\,n.
b
attempting to- give it a human face—
focuses .on high-powered "Madison
■>
Ave-type" messages and communication strategies that pursue behavior
modification and not informed choices.
It is quite obvious that we should
Wo tT"'"ng to better understand what motivates people to change and.. 1
why, and then letting-them decide by themsexv.es wnat steps t.o taxe to get
there] .
■.
Surprising as.,.i.t may..seem, the IMF thinks that more equity need not hamper
. ,
growth, it cp^ld. indeed reinforce it! (sic)'. .Thgy 'actually see. a', strong
i,
negative link-between high unequal distribution -ojf- assets and subsequent
■■■ft
,
rates of growth:’ They see equity only, requiring ‘equality of opportunities’
‘ ‘
, though, not^hecessarily ’equality of outcomes'. In that sense, they agree
1 of5
PHA-Exchanee> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalizatioii..(2)
9/10/01 12:07 Ph
.----- ..ecu co increase tneir Human uauitai. tgctlty, to VHt>m,
xs
critical
ior the political viability of Globalization, (sic).
Therefore,
decentralization and changing the composition of public expenditure is for
v-iiclti a. Ihuo’C.
lOx iil5uanC6z
cXpSiidi Cul'65 01'1 ZlcdiUn XifiVS
uO inCTedSe,
uflvy
say, bu-c to be equitable, they have to be concentrated on preventive
activities in rural areas and should be targeted to the lower income
quintile (*'. (11)
I(*): Beware that valid arguments have been raised against 'targetry':
Targeting misrepresents complex realities, involves big- cost in monitoring,
distorts oolicy and destroys political momentum for structural changes. (16)
(17)1.
*
Regardless of whether the IMF follows, up 'tfith concrete .potions on what they.
philosophize, we need not apologize co act with- a more resolute, equity bias
beyond lip service since such a bias is an important corrective to the ether
more dominant inecruitable value biases out there -in' the heartless market
place. (One of them, for sure, is basing decisions on interventions "ori
cost-benefit analyses only; cost-benefit analyses are understandable...to.
economists and policy makers, but they are grounded in a different.reality .
than most of us live in.
Economists make decisions guided by what is '•
ultimately measurable if convertible into monetary value only).
■• •
-
■xo
""
uiliS
X'clSv'x'Uuts
u•
ey xX'aS
gx
,
..
Z'aCliCSx pxppOSJ. <_ XOH .
15 lu
165.
t
•
<
necessary? Absolutely.
Is it impossible? Possible.
Is it likely? Not
very likely based on my latest dispassionate reality check.
But'what, then/”
are the alternatives and could thev do the iob on time?
(5) •
xiie numan rtxgncs approacnz
A human rights framework is the emerging UN response to foster development
r-
in
o
n bhj
m i 1 1 nntYi virn ’
uiODciiZauioi'i may oe ii'ieviudDxe, out wrxac it xooks iiks is not —{tnere are <j ’
forces that can snape it, and numan rights must be one of those forces. (18)
As someone said, human rights can set limits to the sways of’the inarket.
\
,
Kj
To restate the dogma of Human Rights, they are indivisible; they do not
/•'
apply some yes and some no, some today and some tomorrow, some to us and ‘
some to them.,. some to the rich and some to the .poor, some to women and some
to men.
These obligations are universal for their implementation, We are ..
therefore compelled to operationalize civil, political, economic, -social and
cultural rights in our' daily work..
?; ■>
havG to bs on ths ^lookout/ though. Thojro Is still mu ph riqhtoousnoss and
hypocrisy m mis zicid.
Ons can sasny loss faith m thoss who prsacn
human rights and have little to offer.
S’
Actually, with Globalization, "Might is Right" has come back with' a
venaeance. And in a.'defeatist stance, we have so far accented this fadt and
havs bowsd,..to ths forcss ws think ws cannot sffactivsly opppss. (20)
To make me human rights approach concrete and giving it substance is a
political task. Their enforcement and holding governments accountable for
their human rights record can only be achieved through political action.
Soft approaches will not do. (21)
.
Steps in the right direction, at tnis time, will be the establishment of
’’
National Human Rights Committees and the setting of concrete examples of ■
rights-bas.ed programming. But bolder steps will have to follow. '
9/10/01 12:07 PM
2 of 5
PHA-Exchange> Yes, it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(2)
Furthermore, we 'have to' fight the indifference of our youth to. the present
human rights situation.
young and upcoming colleagues also regain
.j
largely indifferent to the overwhelming negative effects Globalization |s
having in the world. [It is during our youth —when, we have faithi-in and
fiaht for the ultimate answers— that we have to interest the uncomina
-
. .
_
>
,
. .
.. .•
■
it
■
a-ways ageing to have to live with the big questions leaving the responses to
undefined others].
We have thus to enroll the youth before they, resign
themselves to the fact that all they can do is pose the same unanswerable'
questions over and over again (even if in new ways), without sticking their?
own necks out to seek the right answers. (1)
"
.
■
I
.
Our youth seems more interested in the information superhighway. • As if
Marshall Me Luhan’s predictions were right, in terms of action orientation,
the Internet has so far been, more part of the problem than of the solution.
There is a valid growing lament t.hat. wisdoji, imagination and, virtue .are lost
when messages double, information halves, knowledge quarters, and often
deceiving noise without origin, quality and purpose is everywhere.
We have
to overcome this downward spiral by using the same medium to give more
appropriate direction and guidance on options to counter Globalization and
sssi vG2.y fostiGz? hum?.zi x'i.cjh'ts.
•
■-
*
"
■
•.
■?
;
-I
r...
Our endeavors to achieve rhe latter two in the new millennium will only
succeed if and when the youth becomes more central in the process of
intellectual rejuvenation (a role they are now not taking up), arid women
'•.-.■hose gender roles are being explicitly suppressed.) also meyze more to.
1 •;
Ccritcl 5uayc.
In sum, an effective challenge against Globalization and its negative
effects on human rights is possible, but demands the same kind,of
intellectual commitment and vigor that characterized anti-colonfal or
independence fights.
>
«.
j ,
hi!
Questions of the relevance, accountability and utility of the social
sciences in this process need to be explored.
Are they confronting the real
problems? Are the problems of Globalization arid the violation of human
,.
rights being made focal points of the social sciences' analyses and actions?
Western intellectuals have simply abandoned their commitment to challenge
the exploitation and oppression of the poor as they continue being' brought
;
about by Globalization. Concerted campaigns and struggles against poverty,
’
tyranny any exploitation will form the only sustainable basis of an
<
intellectual renaissance of our youth and of ourselves. ,
-i
Bolder steps are needed:
•
WG
uuj.a
should try
now.
lo
€U3>OUt LrUC^ci^LXxciXs-uG DGVG j.OpmGHC
WGT2TG LaiKiriy ciluOUw WIiat WG*
become today and in the future and what that compels us-to do j j
Taking a minimalist stand towards Globalization,will do no harm, but, neither
will it do much good.
Inertia, in history ..(has) and will,always work Jed.)
against the more visionary and radical changes deemed necessary when the
same fall outside the ruling paradigm. (1)
Development cooperation must thus become more political, because only
structural reforms will deliver sustainable development...
In many an aid recipient country, conventional -politics simply is
increasingly losing its primacy oyer commerce and industry.1
(Ml tod* ■
frequently we see the failure of elections as' ah instrument of Political '
3 of 5
9/10/01 12:07 PM
PHA-Exchanae> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(2)
renewal. As somebody said, the problem with political -jokes is they get
elected). Therefore, new, bolder approaches are',Reeded. Solutions must be
,
gesred to control that which fuels the probl em at itp roots.
-3
■' <
1
f
The solutions no the consequences of Globalization on the health and
nutrition sector, for example, cannot be medicalized any longer? Technical
assistance focused on health/nutrition matters only is not enough to 'uproot
the structural inequities underlying pervasive and unrelenting ill-health
and malnutrition in the world.
But the inertia is so great and our collective virtual view of reality so
distorted and entrenched, in part due to Globalization, that the .likelihood
of us changing that reality remains dim. Neither greater individual
responsibility nor containment strategies will do it A solution will somehow
nave to be imposed on us by some powerful or strategic force, either by fate
or bv design and it better be soon.
... s..^r., Wo x*eea ..o gi.e a larger mtellectual ah^^polmcax scope to our
.
discussions on Gicpalizdvion.
In doing so, we have co manage to develop a
political program of more universal appeal.
We need to set up the framework
that will connect all the different social actors to come up with a focused ’
r'.'hrrtrr:
rcn
---------------
— j------ * — •
More than ever before, we need an overt political intervention, simply
because economic violence is best counteracted by political antibodies, and
what the people's movements around the world want is simply "More", from
f
life, from history and from us.
'
when economics has ceased to strengthen social, bonds and its prescriptions. j
are actually further pauperizing millions, it is time to start thinking in
?
oolitical terms aaain.
This is one of mv
cherished
iron ■.laws.
*■
■
■
. I
Thraa caveats»
1
1) As hinted above, intellectual and cultural imperialism now penetrates our
minds by remote control via satellite links and’.the information superhighway
,
and poses great danger to the production and development of local knowledge.
. j
But this is not a fatalistic statement.
while not denying chat the giant
tentacles of Globalization reach into every corner of the world, this should not be eauated with omnipotence.
2)
Stereotyping the object of criticism (Globalization) risks to
emotionalize the issue rather than objectively analyzing and diagnosing it. .t
We have to give up our quick prescriptive impulses (saying what should have
i'
been done) and become more empirico-analytical (describing and dialectically
izi't927p2?G‘t.ing what is. actually happ9nin<j) . (22)
.
.
.-.-a
•'
t
3) One can set morally desirable goals so high or set goals without
’
following them with sincere, workable policies that they remain dub of hll
realistic reach and lose all power to determine the direction of action.
Even rules can he set or imposed.more as a source of comfort than of good
choice. (23)
;
In closing:
As you finish reading this,. make no mistake, these seemingly abstract ^ss'ues ,
about which we write papers are matters determining- the. lives of millions of ,■
people. We all know that, as Benjamin's law says, when all is said and tdone/
a lot more is said than done.
It is therefore not-enough to bring these ,
issues under the spotlight; as someone else said, we need to make more
4 of 5
PHA-Fxchange> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(2)
,
,;l
:l'’
9/10AH 12:12 PM
--S -sets discussed here are more than .enough to allow us to go negotiate
..j
ior struggle) for new more radical equitable/pro-poor/pro-womeij/human rights
based strategies on tne highest of moral grounds. (3)
We need to awaken the 'investigative reporter' ’in us' to’.constantlv go after'
the human story behind the statistic. After all/ journalism is tjie rough
/
draft of history —and we want to be counted in shaping it. Those whose
interests we claim to serve aiso expect it from us.
’3
■ I
Claudio Schuftan, Hanoi
aviva@netnam.vn
References available upon request
-------
“
’
•
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa —Space for change in!Africa1'
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
s
Website: http: //www. kabissa. org/mailman/1 ist jnf o./.pha—exchange
5 of 5
I
f
!
9/10/01 12:12 PM
PHA.Fxchanee> Fwd: NUTRITION EDUCATION AND INTERVENTION MATERIALS*
PIL\
Pv. d; NUTRITION EDUCATION .AND INTERVENTION MATERIALS
Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 21:52:31 +0600
From: gksaver <gksavar@citechco.net>
>NUrRITiuN EDUCATION AND INTERVENTION MATERIALS
>Healthwise (Nigeria) is a non-crovernmental organization, which is working
>in a local suburban area of Lagos. We are engaged in advocacy, counseling
>.and orimarv healthcare intervention services amonast the immediate
tjlsu^tuj ±r,'iuy attitudes, Scnoa Health Services, and Nutrition guidance,
>Foverty Alleviation and Disease Control including.. HIV/AIDS education are
>all aspects of our initiatives. The rationale is to affect the people’s
>lives holistically using nutrition IEC approach as entry point. There is a
ssoeciai emphasis on infant, pre-school and adolescent child nutrition.
i,
>Sir, this is to respectfully request for resource materials on nutrition
>IEC that will facilitate or goals.
>Th.ank you for held no our cause.
>Projecc Advrsoi
>neaithwise (Nigeria;
>43 Adediran Ajao Crescent
XBv Anostolic Faith)
>Anthony Village
>p r> Box
Victoria Tsiand
>Get 250 color business cards for hxee!
>http://businesscards.iycos.com/vp/rastpath/
PHA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA—Exolienge0]c?.]oiss?..org
•’»sa.we: liwtp: //www. JcGjSlsss«crg/*riQxJ.iiiQn/l.^.st.».n.*>G’/pAi3.~exc*i3nge
I7<J
1 of 1
'9/18/01 12:34 PM
PHA-Exchmee> World Trade Center
Subject: PHA-Exchenge> World Trade Center
Date: Fri, 14 Sep 2001 13:35:50 -0400
From: Steve Minkin <smink@sover.net>
To: pha-cxcliaxigv^^kabissa.org
AiiO »»g2?j_g i
Ccntd Tingcay: Ilcdi Peoplet
by Stephen F. Minkin and Debra Blake
Tr> 4-H-;nVprj
the World
Csrt.er, and in thinking about. Naw York,
ovums weic wii unexx way Lu ueCCuuxiiy CxuliciiS,' others had Come CO visit thio
most cosmopolitan or cities, ine woria Trade Center not only represented
diversity, but m tact housed diversity’s daily face.
It is this diversity of the people in New York that fills us with wonder:
it45 d"*
-i> 4-ir rx-F apnea’’ancos and gestures,
of cloth-’.no,
skin tonos
in the afuermatn of the tragedy, we have received too many e-maiis or read
about too many attacks on Muslims throughout the country. But could any ot
those who now attack have visited New York? For if they had, and if they
had walked through the World Trade Center — or almost any other building
in the city — they would know without question that, there must be many
innocent Vnau r0- lying now, shoulder by shoulder, with the CTewis^,
c-iirisv.iciH# a^uggthsu and Hindu dead. »'»nau an insult to the grieving families
of aj.1 the victims.
Americans need to learn more about the world and in doing so learn more
about this country. And vice-versa: Americans need to learn more about
their own country and in so doing learn more about the world.
j iiiLipu-Axg
k-ue.L.r Goatas, ana of the cuiiGings la.uer collapsing was
overwiielmifxg.
But what we haven’t seen is even worse to imagine, because
chose images will now never come to iigiic: the inceruwined stories of all
those people crushed ana buried in tne rubble; their ramily tales, their
past struggles and triumphs, their personal histories that brought them, in
the first olace, to those buildings on that fateful dav.
w..^-r u-^nai uttages cvo.co m all of us, a day m which a groat di.’ors^vy o^
ycupic came cogecnei-. Tliey had worked together cnac day, tradeo goods,
snared food. In Lne eno, regardless 01 what they cried oul in their final
moment — Goa, or Allan, or Jesus, or any other name or divine recognition,
or if they said nothina — they spoke the truth of who we are as a country
for we are diverse and thev were us. Those who died were, bv unlucky
ohanc®. people caught in a profound tragedy and so are we. Not
Tne xesson m urns neaxc—wzencnmg trageny is cnat. peopxe ruauxex more chan
symbols. Tne cragedy, however, is that the devascation occurred because
symbols mattered more than people. Tne terrorists attacked what they saw as"
a mighty symbol of America, but in the end they killed people. Nothing more
and nothing less.
1 of 2
PHA-ExchaMe> World Trade Center
9/18/01 12:30 PM
Tel -802-254-4472
‘DUiX— E’xrb ancfo 4 « h^qf-a^ f>p K p V) ■> <q c« p
2 of 2
— Q-qACA ^OF ChaFCTA IF Af Fl C<?
9/18/01 12:30 PM
PHA-Exch.anee> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(1)
Subject: PHA-Exchangc> Yes, it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(1)
Date: Sun, 9 Sep 2001 19:25:23+0700
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <avh'a@netnamJvn>
Organization: AVIVA
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
GLOBALIZATION
;
e/i
(I:
OR THE FABLE OF THE MONGOOSE AND THE SNAK^ *
What is history, but a fable agreed upon?
Peter Hoeg (1)
'<
Globalization and its negative consequences:
The peculiar current form of Capitalism rechristened as 'free market
9 con
1 t”!?? in tho vss't issjority of counimios as oun contuny ciz??.ws, to a
CJ.GS6. 2/12.5
vxia coz’s oz tns txansziauionai IjLDB*z*c1L .cz’qbz'— nas
become uhe current hegemonic development philosophy as weir.
It goes by the
motto of "trade, not aid", no matter how uneven the former may be.
■
2
?:
Globalisation —the new Capitalism's flagship— denotes the ability of
Internationax capital and transnational corporations to switch investments
across the globe.
In doing so, Globalization creates wealth for the few and
depresses local wages and conditions of employment for the many. 1
Globalization has brought about a shift in power: the.nation state has
weakened and there is a reduction in social accountability..
:
... >
:■■■«
This makes sovereign states row rather than steer in the process of
'■
development, i.e. if countries do not intensely participate in this paradigm'
set by the North, they are "out".
As a consequence, the. poor countries'
vary right to development is threatened by this unrelenting liberalization/
globalization process. (2) (3)
;
Globalization has put the fate of those many in the hands of large
corporations.
Although the 'corpcrocracy' (or .'corporarchy' of Robin Sharp)
’vGZ'y wc-j-u. xziows uzis iiGgnczvc cfzsccs of <3j.OGciL2.Zcic2.Grif fsw of fnsm sro
committed co change.
They tend to ignore the root causes of■the social
problems they see as patently as everyone else, but seldom address the
negative social impacts of their activities. Since they lack the openness :
and transparency recruited, they pay only lip service to change and seldom
‘ ,
.-conge ^neir practices (or change them in vary marginal ways) .
■
■
•
•
.
i
i
Moreover li-in the dealings of Globalization-its intricate connections' -are so
patently disguised as to become almost'invisible. 'Or worse, the deceptions
are so brilliantly woven into its processes that falling for those
deceptions is deemec as boon zasnionaoie and progressive. iS) (6)
*;
' . .
4
In the Globalization context, the privatization called for often ends up
meaning denationalization with Globalization further pursuing a removal of ’
trade barriers, (often dependence creating), technology change, "and a rise in
consumerism.
This, on top of being rightly singled put as additionally. ;
creating and accelerating poverty, disparities, exclusion, unemployment,
alienation? environmental degradation, exploitation-, corruption, violence
*
and conflict. (7) (8)
-e
I
.
.» .
r
Not by accident then, has Globalization been galled, "the imperiaxism of the
1990's". ' <What is different between imperialism and globalization is just
the latterrs speed of expansion).
1 of 4
pit A-Fxchanee> Yes, it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(I)
, y,
•
'
)?N
9/10/01 12:17 PM
Because the Globalization of the economy brings about marginalization on a
1r.ass2.ve scale and economic ano political domination of a magnitude not seen
‘siixce the days or coxcinaxisiu, it is turning m to a process or
Globalization or poverty and of an intensification of the plunder of the
neo-colonies. The effects of Globalization are thus terribly uneven and
produce big winners and losers. {9) (6) (2)
Due to chese negative consequences of Globalization, communities in many
Tnira World countries are no longer aoie to cope —their previously
successful coping strategies diminishing daily.
The 'immediate challenge is
to bolster the same communities' coping strategies so they can continue., to
help themselves under the new set of rapidly .changing circumstances. .(10}
. I
:
. ■
.
.’’3
Even business executives espousing Globalization are aware of i-ts» negative
effects. An Asian executives poll carried out by the Far Eastern'Economic
1
Review in November of loqv (p.38) shewed 71% of the business leaders, polled ’■
across ths region agreeing mat ths benefits of Globaiizacion hag. not been
,
equitably distributed in their respective countries.
48% were of the
opinion that Globalization had widened income disparities in their
1
countries.
50% said that it was contributing to social tensions and 60%
•fHqi r* rngmnntive govemzaents were not doing enough to help those hurt
’
jOj
ZdulOR .
More surprising yet is the IMF's very own overall view bn Globalization. For
them, the latter links labor, production and capital markets of economies
around the world.
They do accept that it leads to sharp '.short-run' changes
1x1 01x6 di 5 Lxljjuu 10x1 Ox
1 i’l COIiie .
xXxGy xurtner aCCept ZRaL ’jlODal 1 Za tiOH 15 tO
blame for growing inequalities in developed countries as well.
Far example,
to them. Globalization limits the ability of union workers to bargain, as >
t.roi i_ ag T?akinci it itore difficult for ciovemf.ents to iitdenent ecruitable
Because tney are unable to do the latter, governments in the Third World arei
simply assumed to be incapable of assuming a minimum level of'welfare for
their citizen.
Fitting the ideology, it. is then implied .that it is."
necessary to look for alternatives in the private sector or to .directly
privatize services iand NGOs are occasionally a convenient form of
privatization) . Only that, often, such privatization strategies lower the
quality of services for the noor and end up'widening the gao between the
rich and poor.
The alternative, that is being written off a-pr.ipri' is tfie J ,
neeci to improve the state's credibility, accountability and, responsRvgness
,
to welfare matters. (*)
. ......
........
. . ■; .... .. i .. i
.f<
((*) : After all, the extraordinary and more'equitable- growth of Vietnam and
>
China contradicts the view that a state control of the ecohomv and!the ' 1
—arket ’ S in'r.’rpl
rjy^r.rf-'h 1
■ ■•■I
*'
* •'
2."J— I I"
, .. ...
j
. tu ■
t Olio x’xaS v.O aCKxiOWxoQ^o txxat xliOSt goVoITixuoxiuS ixaVo’ ^iOt aQOptaQ txl6 rigiiu
t
strategies.
But let us not develop yet new ones; let us make governments ■
adopt and adapt the right and-'proven pro-poor strategies providing them with "
a set of options, and not a single pathwav.
Sustainable solutions proposed
need to ba sound and appropriate both in the way things ’.■.-ill be -done as much
as in what to be done. (3)
i
At this point, we hardly need to be reminded of the hard facts documenting
the negative effects of Globalization.
Tid bits of the evidence should.
suffice to clcsc this Quick, zr.aybo caricaturized, review of its negative
CQi'iSeQueflCco •
-Under Glonaiization, tne annual losses to developing countries run at an
estimated $500 billion —an amount much higher than what they receive in
foreign aid.
2 of 4
9/10/01 12:17 PM
PHA-Exchange> Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(1)
-As a consequence, developing countries have had’a series of years of'*
consecutive negative financial flows: this is eauivalent to at leait seven
~cxOIii
yy,
TiiGiT’c ?la5 be Gil a- Out xaxi ill TflO plTlCGS Ox COl'ulTiOQxTl OS 001x02?
Than oil! -.This has resulted in a reduction of two thirds in the buying
power
of deveIonina countries. (12^
-As a result, the number cf hungry people ground the world keeps rising
every year and poverty is becoming increasingly feminized (70% of all the
poor are women). Free trade nas been free for business and industry, but
not
for women ard the noor. New technologies have not shown to have intrinsic
pro-poor or pro-women positive effects either, although they have such a
potential (which unless we help steer in. that direction will invariably
continue favoring the already wealthy and male).
Therefore, any genuinely
poverty-redressing policy is bound to be a gender-oriented policy.
There is no single universal solution in sight that will promote just the
‘
benefits of Globalization to all people: giving the same advice to 'everyone. ?r
simply has not and will not work; this is what has boon "
oz. composition”.
A balanced and realistic value-free response to Globalization is 'difficult,
esneciallv if one considers the current realitv of a unioolar world with a
Ncrth—centored and ITcrth/transnationais —dominated economic order. (13)
On rhe one hand, uhe Transnational corporations cannot-be allowed to
continue to duck and dive, invest in smoke screens, espouse gradualist
solutions and attemot to derive maximum oublicitv from decemeal chancres.
ry ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------a—
7 .~z4 z*.>~
wU
m1'-zn v* c - - o .-4
t------------ -------------
cttci
pnrra
..
Gn tiie other rianci , new insigrits are emerging as to trie appropriate mix of
market ana government activities needea to complement each other. (4)
wk a +-ove r ’■’■'e resne^se. nromotino th0 economic benefits of Globalization
requires mechanisms to prevent its excesses, because there is a clear
crade-off between market efficiency and the social welfare of workers and
peasants.
Turning again to the IMF, they see the policy responses to counter
,
exobal s. zat ton to xucruae a ms.x of two elements:
aj ’safety net interventionssuch as targeted subsidies, cash
l
compensations,
severance payments to and retraining of sacked employees, wage subsidies,
and public works programs, and
, .
,
. .
"
x>) ’ fiscal policies' (the most airect toox ox.. radiSxribUx^.on-'/ such us
i
levying
■ •
■
f
highly progressive taxes, distribution of shares'in privatized enterprises,
and
~ ’’’creased g-*.to’—• .ot.** s*'iaT,dir'‘~j i t health and educa.tion (i • e.
?tp-——r1
.
spending to the social sector) , as wen as higner minimum wages* good •
unemployment benefits, job protection, keeping inflation low, subsidizinglower quality commodities, and giving better access to credit, justice and
public services.
(11)
Hew this is to be achieved and whether the IMF plans to go for broke for
these changes remains unsaid in the source here cited.
/■(
The truth is that, in the real world, the more radical visions or
sustainable solutions call?no for deener social and environmental change
3 of 4
PMA-FxchangO Yes. it is easy to have simplistic views about Globalization...(1)
9/10/01 12:24 PM
x.tx£v*iCi
rxxuH
Ciic QIlSxdugHt O1 OJ-UDcEL 1 Zd L JLOil .
x of insensibility and Unresponsive, the prevalent attitude has been
ctively reject (depending on the bias) the, main features o'f any
’
sin and to Keep importasic issues. rrom surfacing to. critical y j
consciousness.
This is what has been called "the(exclusion fallacy? (".if
we have not considered it, it Ts not important.”).
4
A
Zn the ~ n“°mattonal scene oj- (mercenary) technical^ development assistance^
for example, issues o f substance are turned into technical matters by paid
consultants wnile underlying more structural issues get obfuscated. Or,.«■ what
amounts to the same, aid agencies too often remain unwilling to respond’'
politically to political situations. (3).
\contd next email/
Claudio
PH?_-Exchange is hosted on Kobissa
xo post,
write coi
Space for change in Africa
x'ixn.~-£jXCxi.angetKaoisca.org
..,
w eb si re: hrtp: /7'www.kabissa.ora/mailman/listinso/pha-exchange
4 of4
9/10/01 15:24 PM
MeccAP.e from Mira Shiva
Subject: Message from Mira Shiva
Date: Thu, 20 Sep 2001 01:30:23 -0700 (PDT)
From: Mira Shiva <niirashiva@yahoo.com>
To: sochara(4^v oiil.com
CC: cerd@satvam.net.in, kb@eth.net. sundar@indonet.com
20 Sep 01
Dear Ravi,
wnen you come can you please Oring the overheads you
had prepared tor PHA. It you have the video film,
could I olease have a cony? The bill for the posters
and the flic chart wi11 be sent to von bv post bv the
di s«- *•: b”*- i
d1 v1* ®T was
told before
Are you coming tor the National Health Policy meeting?
It may be better that we withhold the communication to
VHAT till its role i s decided. We can recon si der
mirasiiivaeyahoo.com. I aiu contacting JWT about their
continuing in rhe NwG.
i will get back: after I speak:
to them.
Needless to say that you will be sensitive and wise
about vour discussions 1°-° in De1 hi
T)\ O-i
tL
,
'■/C'xj.-r
X am sending you the Bill for "Where Women have no
Doctor". Please give the address so that it could sent
to that address.
'TDCc^cZ
rra U C
h c-vf.
J
Ri P ( o k
sAcll Kiok b<-
f'.Az Lc ka
JTe-nefl.
NHP r>i <n
Il-.ff
cXi<e
C>/k.
cl -j i <212- l/o
ici.'£Oi"i5 l nuudCKo Oil u . o .
-/CVA
p<n i W o--)
v.'ca<-ee,s
— xxOW Cail yOu llej.p?
Donate cash, emergency reiiei information
nttp://aailynews.yanoo.com/rc/US/Emergency information/
o-acC.C>HPS S^yo->-aM'-t-j
r 2,^
CC ■
1 of 1
Y, S en
9/21/01 9:36 AM
>*
PHA-ExchfflEe> UPDATE - GLOBAL PETITION ON ACCESS TO MEDICINES & TRADE
Subject: PIIA-Exchange> UPDATE ■ CI .ORA I. PETITION ON ACCESS TO MEDICINES & TRADE
Date: Tue, 18 Sep 2001 14:34:19 i-OlOO
From: aimtche11@Oxfam.org.uk
raicm. Ruled
The Oxfam - Third World Network - Health Gap Coalition global petition on
world trade rules and access to medicines was temporarily suspended last
vooif
fo romm’ms
have hocm viewed as I nsenai t.ive followinn
ine petition has now been re-focused to tax® these sensitivities into
account while continuing to rocus on the same goal - demonstrating the
strength of global public concern about World Trade Organisation (WTO)
patent rules that put the profits of powerful drug companies before public
^ealt.h in noor countries.
rhe revised petition is live on the internet NOW at
http://www.oxfam.org.uk/health and will run through till November when it
will be presented to the WTO at its meeting in Qatar. The petition calls on
WTO members, in particular the United States, to demonstrate their
commitment to put health before wealth by changing and clarifying global
patent rules at. the forthcoming WTO summit- conference.
iO sChieve mass Support £OI Che ieVlsed petition We rely Oil Ci'iO SuppOlu of
individuals and organisacions across rhe world.
As an individual you can support the camoaian bv signing the petition
bv t.e1lina al1 vo’m
xour organisation can also support Che global petition in one or more of
tne ronowmg ways:
1.
x- "
Advertise and put a link to the petition on your website - the petition
2.S at
. //rAr*n*7
f-^rr ’■>V-/haa1+-'h
' ■ ■—J-r.-------- - -j ........ ............ .........
-
2. Circulate details of the petition to member organisations, alliances and
networks
3. Encourage supporters to sign the petition and encourage member
cr-gani saticns and alliances to promote the petition to their supporters or
1‘fP
4. Endorse the petition by sending your organisations name and contact
details to amitchell@oxfam.org.uk.
We will display the names of all
organisations that endorse the oetition on the petition site.
of 2
PH A.Fvchmee> UPDATE - GLOBAL PETITION ON ACCESS TO MEDICINES & TRADE
9/19/01 10:38 AM
----- campaign Banner aovercs or logo's are available ir you wane ma Ke
vour website link more visual. The adverts can be downloaded from the
petition site. To access the banner advert and for further information on
http * /
—v~
— ■— -. ..
~ i *- x. — —. a dick or. 1 down load1
t .* ’*■—* • + ~
sheets for use 'offline' can also be downloaded from the petition website.
I hope you and your organisation will be able to support the petition. If
vou have anv aueries olease contact Anna Mitchell at Oxfam GB on +44 1865
313198 or at am.itchell@oxfam.org.uk
a. j
x’x-x.
^Xx-Cllu
Oxfam works with others to find lasting solutions to poverty and suffering.
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2 of 2
the wen site an hLLp: //www.oxrain.org. uk
9/19/01 10:38 AM
PT4 A-Fxchanpe> A poem for these days of turmoil
J
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•*■ > £>VV«U »v» mVOV V*U K> U A IU> JUAVllm
Date: iue. id dep zuui 2u:d9:59 tU700
From: "Claudio Scbuftan" <aviva@netnam.vn>
v> * giiiliZ-ii
z~\. v x * .ta.
lb: <pha-exclian2e(aikabissa.org>
ROSALIA
Orlando Leon (1970s Venezuelan young poet)
(»)
ana a shanty and yaxbaye ioi a socioio^xst * s fru-i/c-ion. ..’!
Rosalia is cwency seven years, one hundred years, five Thousand years old.
For fifty years, one hundred years, five hundred years,
Rosalia has needed to eat.
“ho wants to buy the eating machine of Rosalia?
Who WArsts to buv five
vpArs
^'vp bundled RosaIiss*’
*v»-'aaa.u.3 a xuazo rwiiG once nac. a pcjuS. ccman, WuC once nao a snare cropper,
who once hao a cxiixa,
. . . seven tunes a ciiiiu.
Rosalia is made of bones, is made of flesh; the same as a cow, the same as a
hen,
but without a oasture, without a couo.
way for Rosalia! Maize for Rosalia! Rice for Rosalia!
-F-ivp ^"■,T'dv*pd.
t-i-x-oiqpnd
^w°vp ^bovsAnd
vpats.
the t-'Tnps of TTr
rihexx tntiy wcic pcu.jiCJ.iiy xii uiie uavco Ox Axt.aidj.ia,
.Kosaria was twenty years old, naa three children, and the moon was
shining...
Rosalia has alwavs had three children,
twenty years of age, one abortion, and the moon was shining...
i\aodxxd scando xu xxiie xu die MxiiisLxy ci Public Health, lines lasting five
nours,
with a pissed child in her arms.
-The President says: "No citizen will... , etc.”
Rosalia indeed lives in an organized world...
There is a Constitution, Human Rights, Prostitution, the Church.
Rut, if P.csalia doesn’t have enough to eat a biscuit.
or lying on a sola swicch-on a record player?
And this is Civilization, now that Rosalia cannot squeeze,
at five o’clock, a jazz in tea?
Rosalia has to live in an organized world!
We have already gone to the moon:
phouosyixuiiesis.
Through a chemical orchard the insects wiii fly.
But Rosalia nas seven children,
in midst of Civilization,
a metaphysical Civilization that cannot solve the problems of Rosalia...
wqt.t
many/
ivJjaxia
v®a**s
xS
is ■> f fhat RosaI^a bs? bppu noincr with ber children from dune
uwciiLy
ocvcii yOatS Oxa,
Oil’s uiii'JQxeQ yeSixS Oxa,
liVc tiiOUSanO
years old.
1 of 2
PH A -Exchanae> A poem for these days of turmoil.
9/19/01 10:30 AM
nas uung m ner dreams,
Rosalia dreams about duna.
But duna is not herself.
PHA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Soace for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
’ioKs,' ro .
2 of 2
H+- +-p ; / /t.IWW. Vob"’ 'S’ .
' 1 Tnqn / 1 n qf--t
f q/pH oy
qpqq
9/19/01 10:30 AM
^■■Fxchp.ngo DGH Job Opening' Development Coordinator
Subject: PIIA EzcbengO DGH Job Opening: Development Coordinator
Date: Wed, i9 Sep 2001 21:23:21 -0400
From: DGH Info <dghinfo@dghonline.org>
Joo Opening: Development Coordinator
Doctors for Global Health was founded in 1995 as a private, non-profit
organization promoting health and human rights through education, art,
activism and direct service. We have more than 500 active supporters and
volunteers including health care workers, educators, attorneys, engineers,
Students
OtharS . VOluni 22rS WCrk in thGir ...OWh 53OimUn2.tl2S 02? in 0112 O"^
GUr GUppGrtGG prGJGCtG LR ijl SalvaGGr, ilGXlCG^ nlCuxaGuu, dganda and Othsr
countries. Our mission guides us to work in partnership with communities
around rhe world on projects that emphasize Community Oriented Primary Care,
Liberation Medicine (promoting human rights through health care),
volunteerism, and a democratic approach to administration (for more
information about DGH, see http: //www.dghonl.ine.org) .
wixx mcxude \Duu aie not ximited to) .
Fundraising (approximately 70% of time):
*
Spearhead grant writing/fundraising initiatives (especially
peri—rr-niTc.T'nn'arir □ 1
qpnvcnql
Correspond with oonors.
Produce reports on fundraising initiatives.
Administration and Project Support (approximately 30% of time):
*
facilitate communication with the Board about new project proposals.
■*
Potentially travel internationally to project sites for in—country
project review j.or up to 4 wosks out of the year.
Aid in coordinating and developing the DGH international and national
volunteer programs.
»
Assist the Board in organizing biannual board meetings and the annual
General Assembly meeting.
»
Respond to messages sent to the DGH email address.
»
Update mailing list.
*
Perform O2reral secretarial tasks as needed.
*
*
AA cf- dn keJ .14- .A. _ . oom
W O.
l
aa
■‘-K q
r-i
X>Vi*4.<A*
O
^oorainate nationax voxunteers to aia in these administrative tasxrs.
Potentially supervise student intern.
Qualifications:
»
Highly motivated, positive work ethic, self-directed, flexible,
responsible, detail oriented, and has the ability to meet dea.dlines.
*
Experience working in fundraising or.development.
~
xiApexience woiKing or voxunteenng witn nealth or human rights
non-profit organizations.
»
college degree.
«
Excellent written and spoken English skills required, preference for
candidates with Snanish fluency, additional languages a plus.
»
Must be comfortable working in consensus-style with a diverse group of
Gr« P.r-a
. . —j --------------
mafr'Ka*'e«
------------
9/21/01 9:34 AM
,-Exchanee> DGH Job Opening: Development Coordinator
</x current, events xexateu lu Human rights around cne world
preferred.
Willing to work out of her or his home. DGH will provide office
s‘Uppl i es, fax mach-’ne, nhone ^ine, and copy machine.
L> u.
J. Oxi •
Samry
Cvuu.nci.iuuj.awt.
<ixva
pxuj
mcuxCax
benetits, paid vacation, and sick days. DGH is an equal opportunity
employer, women ano people of color encouraged to apply.
To anoly, please e-mail vour resume, salary history and references to
dghinfo@dahonline.oro. Position will be open until filled, first
s*yo"‘■’cp^-'’ot'c' to hQ ■‘•'ov’ owed mn d—Octoh°v>
rnA—Exchange xo iiosced on Kabrssa — Space for change in Africa
io post, write to: rtiA-axchangeiskabissa.org
Website: http://www.kabissa.org/mailman/listinto/pha-exchange
2 of 2
9/21/01 9:34 AM
. c ' Epidemiology
> anodes ©El One IPIEA foi JL ofTEjpnfe
lobate. Health, equity, justice and globalisation
<htto://www.lech.com/con tent/vol 55/issue9/index.shtml#DEBATE>
s debate, in the September 2001 issue of the Journal of Epidemiclog
Commun. zy Health, can be accessed for free. It includes articles on th
"espies Health Assembly, the WTO and the health impacts of globalisat.
A-.exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
tost write to PHA-Exchange®kabissa.org
:http://www.kabissa.org/maiIman/listinfo/pha-exchange
P- 14_Pvrhf>nc<>>
of 11 SfT>temher
------- XZjUUA. X x£x
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Date: inu? zu depzvui 12:16:08^0100
From: Andrew Chetlev <chetley.a@healthlink.org.uk>
'''i'jLlr\.-xjXCiiciiigC^^kai?i33a.Org*>
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u
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xilClpp J-1X '-<
<_xx^
xxtxxiiuxx
'jcnuiuc csixa who fUuyiiL Lu cuouie CiidC cheie WOUiu be ii.ec dCCcSS CO Cne
generic map, snared some of his feelings and thoughts about the world Trade
Center atrocity in London’s Evening Standard newspaper on 19 September 2001.
I think thev have relevance for all of us who are struggling with how we can
keen attention focused on the underlying causes of global terror, and to
C;
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1 nti z"xw <2
t~ V.'O T-
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VAO/^V^l O b
’x'xy” caugnter xivcj m x\c»» xorx: on viie upper west oide ano my grancsun, my
xelacively new—uuxn yiauuson, is in way caie eigne vAueko noiii cne hulxu
Trade center. They are fine, absolutely fine, but you can imagine it was a
pretty dramatic day trying to qet through on blocked phone lines. I say all
that because I am absolutelv at one with them. Mv dauahter is an American
citizen, a dual citizen, lives there with her American husband. So all of
vii
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CO
uiic way uuuii uiiu ruuexxCdn aiiu tiie ouAUpcaii mxxxCdxy inaUotxlax uuifiplexes aid
treating the rest of tne worla. Although you cannot say if we are ail
liberal and kind there will not be any nasty Afghan terrorists around, on
the other hand, it is verv clear to me that Western bolides are drivina the
wn-"id Fgrrha** snd further an^rt in te+m.s of rich and poor, and causing large
x.cx
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uj. v.
xx >_r x xx*x
ck.
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peupxe Wiiu ydiiuxuexy au
v. £ jr
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uiivxc
du iiut ill ally
cxlc.
Way
xu <xi x kzlxVx ■->
COiiUOiie
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planes into the world Trade center; but what 1 do say is, in Bush's words,
these people would have nowhere to hide it we tried to make the world a
fairer place.'
x L wG'x uiiuuC
x/x. £'G C £Crx
f
xxXCxxuxxgC
A necwoxKxng ana leaiiiiiig pioyiamiite on health coiiiiuuni cation fox bevel opine nt
c/o Healthlink Worldwide
, 40 Adler Street, London El 1EE, UK
Tel: +44 (0)20 7539 1591 (direct)
Fax: +44 (0)20 7539 1580
T;'—mail * healthcomms^heathlink.oro.^k
V\ ■+“ V“» • fl
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-
----------------------- ' • - - y
PHA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To nost, write to: PHA-ExchAnoe^kabissa.oro
’«?aAsre: hti~p:
. ka.hissa .org/Tna? Iman/l ■’ st.nfo/oha—exchange
1 of 1
9/21/01 10:37 AM
'.he equity Gap?
'Lzi'?£:“gs> Caa Research Fffl the X<q]wi5tty Gap?
Sep 2001 13:00:10+0700
Schaan" <aviva@netnam.vn>
AVIVA
<~. rx-exchange@kabissa.org>
be reflowing has been extracted from EQUINET Policy Series no 1
published by EQUINET (www.equinet.org.zw) and Training and Research
Support Centre, Harare (www.tarsc.org). The full document can be downloaded
rc■ - http: / /www. eauinet. org . zw/policv.html
research Fill the Equity Gap?
delivery on equity implies that it needs to be given greater pro." le as
realpriority and more sustainable ways found of delivering on it.
research can build constituencies that pressure for equity in health.
lisparicies in access to health inputs and healthcare have widened between
population groups everywhere. Inequalities exist in relation
to health inputs, such as literacy, educational status - particularly in
.•.'O~er. -income, household savings and assets, housing tenure and standards
;cr.ess co safe water, sanitation and reliable energy supplies. They also are
<-rc with regard to health status and health care. In both cases, low
ncome rural communities have been shown to be comparatively disadvantag<d
ne burden, of disease of the poor with its impact on mortality weighs puo.;c
me household budgets, increasing chronic and potentially intergeneratiena1
poverty
Wr.at drives inequity?
Zhy have these problems of health inequity persisted despite aspirations to
ir.e contrary?
n(0
O 'U U'
.. would appear chat our economies continue to have weak mechanisms for
uting health and other resources towards those who have greater nee
ower and least access. Macro-economic and health reforms have enab'
werful medical and middle class interest groups to exact concess-:;rs
a; _he cost of the poorer, less organised rural and urban poor
. - ■_ s situation has been encouraged by a number of policy developments.
Globalisation and related market-led policies, which have increased .he
concentration of wealth in fewer hands and chronic poverty in the south
cor cc~.ur.ities have suffered heavily in globalisation's drive towards
it.isfyir.g the profit motives of the biggest players in the market
Structural adjustment reforms which condone declines in public spending cr.
•salt.-. and education.
r. the area of health policy, with an over-optimistic preoccupation wi .:
■.ethnical management tools, at the expense of the real equity issues
Challenging Inequity
'■. '.h.n health, we need to ensure that those with the greatest health icei?
oouain and access greater public inputs for improved health
- s implies that it is not only how much governments spend on health, "...
: -,o how they spend and who they target with resources, that determines
•oa th status of their populations.
. _s precisely when resources are scarce that even greater importance
..-._u.d be given to ensuring that health care resources are allocated
irogressively, and reach those who most need them.
....'it health and health services, cannot be an area of activity chat :.s
provided through the market.
>. e need
s ,o egotuate changes in global institutions, policies, rules and
.-.•. cards ..hat subordinate human development to profit, or that atfa.-’y
2-ih
:v.:ty Gap?
.
_e the returns from markets.
§ ,c c;v richer profile and attention to national policies that more
e;.actively allocate public resources towards those with greatest health
needs. Equity should become one of the most important targets of prac....ca .
attention tn resource allocation systems.
§ to involve population groups more actively in defining, shaping and
mplamenting health policies. The amount of resources that
ceople get depends on the extent to which they are able to make and
-' 'cu ate their choices.
urearchers need to focus more on health equity issues; expose the
erences m health status that are unnecessary, avoidable and unfair;
propose ways of more effectively addressing differences in need,
assess the extent to which different groups in society have the power and
means to make choices over health issues; monitor health equity levels, the
impact of globalisation and macro-economic policies on health;
enable
participation by beneficiaries in their research by using participatory
research methods that involve the affected groups more directly; and more
uirect link research and action on problems in te affected communities
research car. give direction to the changes being called for by communii..es
empowering people for effective participation
all economic and social processes that affect them.
Renee Loewenson
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
post., write to-. PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
a b s 11 e htto : / /www. kabissa . org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchanae
>5h'01
PMA-Fxchange> Study nn>e« overhaul of I’ N IMF World Bank
Date: vvea. zo dep zuui 10:54:14t-0700
From- "Claudio Sohuftan" <aviva|®netnam.vn>
lo: <Dlia-exclian2e(fflJ<abissa.org>
- Tne U.N., World Bank: and IMF rodav operate on badly outdated political
and economic foundations and need to be overhauled before a crisis induced
bv rri. obal ization forces the chancre? recnjired.
x/xxl VGx Sx v,_y ,
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S i^ppx^x v.
L Crxil
xvvJ&al'Cxx
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r-LiilciiiQ,
uiic omuy Caxxo Lui ci icpedi ui me Security COUiiCix veto accorded
ve.xv.
x
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MxxO
tx'xG
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Ox
the five major pose-war powers ano the addition of other countries as
permanent members or that body.
The U.N. suffers from a "democratic deficit" that was "an integral
vdoyr-
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T-’mo
but reeds t.o be Temedied now. The !J.N. ’s mo^'a"*
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XV.
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powerful.“
Circumventing the veto granted to the five permanent Security Council
members and enlarging the membership of that body are "imperative" for the
U.N.’s continued credibility.
”a ■v'a.<x.x'.c:'r'?ve^ees
o-^ r° TTri
ed Nations ^"o the o.l oba 1 "* z a t1 on
s?nes
The U.N. needs to become more representative, fostering
the participation of global civil societv to a Greater dearee, and
on—mak“ino, involving Greater
mnre democratic in its deci
'-LtJUxDiii ty ciu'Ueu.
inc ulupUici
wunu lido ciiiiiiiiated tile COitipe Ci LiOii
Between systems. “as competition nas vanished, the urge
ror cooperation nas diminished."
in addition to Secnritv Council reforms, the study proposes:
ctiiG
ease
l/z
pressures Ox resource constraints or the UN." Tne xinancmg
issue "is less atom money and more about political control," the study
says, calling ror "some version or tne Tobin tax on international
foreign exchange transactions or stock: market transactions, and
some charges on the use of the alobal commons."
Establishment a Global People’s Assemblv, modeled on the
!! X V„
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craauiozi ol an ihconoruic Sacuriuy i^ouncix, "cSociitiai as a
means of governing globalization. It would ensure consultations on
global economic policies.
4)
Establishment of a high quality Volunteer Peace Force to "denoliticize intervention bv the United Nations" and enable it to
^rr>v’de e oromot collective esecnv'itv r'esoonse v/herever
complex Humanitarian emergencies. Some new problems are a direct onsequence
°v
9/27/01 10:10 AM
PH A.Fvrhanoo Study urges overhaul nf TIN . IMP World Rank
r-jmo ro reform the reformers”
apd World Bank
•’’The world has changed since the mid 1940s.
But these institutions ’
concerns have become much narrower, ” ’’Their orthodoxy has not
resolved the economic problems of borrowing countries. Indeed, the
solution has often turned out to be worse than the problem.”
£ •_u_nq noGooc ruuncAgemenncc <w»xi
s interna v.iona^
xxuancial system.
“The essence of the proolem is international capital flows without
any international controls. The failure in promoting development,
which is reflected in persistent povertv and growing inequalities, is
another
The cri
** of development hg?, in fact, been accentuated
c*ro, u-A pai<,
xnsuiCuLxOns,
waxui
co c*io virtual. lacoiogy
ciisoe two
une importance Oi pubxlC aCtxOIi ill
nut
oping with ano correcting marxet failures.
Reform the IMF: "We need to redefine the Governance of the IMF.
rr^rcin-rpnrv
Tt n^pd^
Trs
f i nn
shrouded. i r. secr^CV. Tho
xs xxxiixceo, etc besu, uu xxncuxue iitxnxsuixes and central banxs, whicxi,
m turn, nave close connections with tne also secretive financial community.
’’There is now ample evidence that its stabilization programmes lead to
adjustments that contract cutout and employment."
Donori n-'r>,-« the Wcr*^ d Bank‘
0 WB "should cease to b° a mo^evlender” and
As witii the I Hr, greater representation and accountability are
"imperative."
"A very large proportion of the voting rights are vested in a
very small number of industrialized countries,
the principal shareholders
in terms of paid-uo capital. But it is developing countries that are the
principal stakeholders sinse their interest payments provide most
of the income of the WB!
•••yho n°°d to restructure such a votinc svstem is
Ind study caixs ror ”independent evaluation” oi WB supported projects as a
way to begin improving accountability to people.
The Bank nees to re-orient its thinkina about development: Simple
prescriptions that emphasize more openness and less aov. intervention and
i-xlsslxxg
xxxsuIguuIvxxs.
new financial aicniteccure needed
lo
manage global
macroeconomics.
The study calls for new institutional arrangements to cope with the
rnmni ^x.itv of macroecojiomic manaoement, including inflation
z'f'r,t.v'o"
2 of 3
restcv”’-Fvi'1
c>mni <vrnionr
q +■ ■»mi■<i
p +-■) ninvestment and dea^ino with
9/27/01 10:10 AM
Wi.F trtianw Stwiv nro« overtianl of I ■ X IMP World Rank
I
The study also calls tor an international system ot governance for
transnational corporations.
"The economic soace of their activities
extends wav bevond th® aeoaraohical soace of nation states.”
"International
-■
e
z-o
t.tt
4-H
i--j OO S AT?d OA A t. T1 Ct. 5 VA hv S "* DA S
14
Gxvss-boxuex Htoveiibsixco ot people; Global!zaCion is creating demand for
greater labour mobility across oorders. “There is a potential conflict
between the laws ot nations that restrict the movement ot people across
borders and the economics of Globalization that induces the movement of
peoole across borders."
’•'T’bp a^Tncst comn1 et.e Absence o-^ ■* nte^nat. onal
institutions
or *‘h!as
iii—wcrxers ano piv^GCu. 4-^.u.cgua. mu.grants trom exploitation ano. abuse) •
international ’public gooas’ ana ’public bads’:
Globalization has reduced tne power of national governments in
economics and politics "without a corresoondina increase in
effective international cooperation or supra-national Government
V?h
Ch
^OU ~ C
t-H-i o,
vpr
f1v’^rac1c1
’•
.ixi a •'.Ui.uQ
vaj.'a•_«a.<ca- 5Cj.j. interest oy nations means
unoourainaued dcLxuu ot iioii-uoupeictiive behaviour, sub—optimal
solutions, wmcn leave everybody worse off, are a likely outcome.”
Without effective international oversioht, international problems (such as
international ^^ime nr trade in druas. ouns. oeoole and oroans) will
-. ’-irro'i co
r«rr> '.Id
■> -r. 4- o vn o +- i r\T> o 1
nuhl i r
c;
I
C’]
O "i r’.hh^ Q
it is essential to create institutional mecnanisms that give poor
countries ana their people a voice in the process of global
Governance.
"Even if thev cannot shape decisions, thev have a riaht to be
heard."
<=i t nt«,p: / / www. wiuci. uxiu. ectu/pUDxications (WP166 . pdx; wpl8 . pcix;
wpl9u.pdf; wpi94.pdf; wpi95.pdf;
^HA—Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa — Soace for chance in A^c’ca
3 of 3
9/27/01 10:13 AM
W4-Fvrhsmoe> F\V- Mnimbc?»Trh?rl I \inc th? Ppp.n1?'^ Charter fnr Health
VkTT ‘_..»
’-------v*<-.
». « r '----MUI *>»-*• chut]
*.j Usinff
\yo»u^ the
mv Pcx'nlp’q ^>
bare: Wed. 26 dep 2001 09:17:05 -t-0100
'-'***-»J *--v-*. • * * aj. a
a
a
a
o
a
aau««,^k
xvi
i-T«
nui»
AA«.Ma»a*
From: Andrew Chetlcv <chedevR^bealthhnk.org.uk>
£ <»• plici-vAvucuj^v^cv.AciGicba.
Some Q£ you fuluiiu xxnu Luc xespoiise bcxOW Ox xiltciest. ThxS Comes xx’Oi'u tile
communication initiative’s discussion list, Drumbeatchat, where I posted a
notice about the People's Charter.
best wishes,
Andrew
Original Message
r I old; P e nny Poole [ maix tu. ppouxe emu zoom, coiu j
Sent: 22 September 2001 06:19
To: druiabeatchat8coniminit.com
Subject: Re: [drumbeatchatl Using the People's Charter for Health
odiu dxx uuiitl auulxulid Lu Ox cutixjtsa Luiia CeCOitiitiirix t. COin
To subscribe or unsubscribe, contact Warren Feek wteekycomminit.com
tf
<w?s tn vmi in
rhi =;
Oxxjasc
cl
a
1 an^uacre vou do not soeak, olease
xci oxyUx<siite pyxiia wcu en ooiiue poor acceder a uiia
traduccin eiectrnica.
httu://www.freetranslation.com/
•iia nag erne n ■
The Carter Center www.cartercenter.org nas made tne link: between peace and
health and those are its core programs. The health programs complement the
oeace programs by nrovidina a venue to fight a common enemy. In Africa the
4 of 4
is openeo ac a mgn enougxx levei between parties uo tne contxict to ouna
relationships ana through them, plant seeds of peace. Much of conflict is
sto.<ea by information asymmetry, and health programs are one way to begin
building bridges of communication that can lead to peace, (btw, the Carter
Center has nothino to do with Habitat for Humanity. The Carters work for
+"~r
W6 1 . )
r.rpaV- s \yasY‘. SPd Hrlbl t&t USSS theit
3xcuuUilC< aiid niiuldSSdCiOx
uOaixa
iuCx>OUdxG.
i lie
l'ixij
9/27/01 9:58 AM
iiiOGcx
ICicIi ci £ ic5 iiiGl'e
uiidii
uWO
cracks uo peace, iiracx. cue is the oiiiciai government to government peace
negotiations, track two is connict proressionais, usually NGOs like the
Carter Center, but also Government employees at lower levels who do the
aroundwork- to nrenare for Track One) . Tn fact, Diamond and McDonald name
9/27/01 10:03 AM
PHA-Exchajiee> FW: [dnnnbeatchat] Using the People's Charter for Healtli
PH4-Fxch»nge> FW- Mrumb«tcMl iking the People's Charter for Health
spokes of the other eight tracks in the system model, forming an "inner
circle."
St’.11 soothe* excel lent conflict t'-ans^ora’.at’on NG'O (and metnhe” of this
ci
*— viiu.ikAit— v. jr
a-
/
xai diliCA f
j_ a. xiu f
QixG
UxUu.ud.RCj
tO
WO i JX
uUWcixuu
Duiiding peace xii wounded parts of the world. Clearly, in a country such as
Afghanistan that suppresses communication, where you can be jailed for
owning a television and where people exist in a state of utter oppression
and dire poverty, transformation communication has to take a more personal
fora’., such as what led to the recent arrests of the Christian aid workers in
uwlix rovjts or the wulxu'd conxxxcuo — poverty and inequity. I fervently
nope the us will increase its contrioution to Oda from .01 percent to the
.07 percent GDP pledged at Rio and that conflict prevention / transformation
/ and peacebuilding through poverty reduction and communication be the focus
Bverv aid acencv on fho nlanot
whether public or NGO or corporate
Thank you all for your ricn contributions and commentary, i have noticed
that many are dealing with this long gasp since Sept. 11 through this type
of sharing and reflection, which offers opportunity for healing.
Danny Pools
Devexopjxusnt Coiiiitvunicatxon Speciaxist/
conflict Management strategist
Currently on assignment to the Asian Development Bank in Manila
> A ucCworking arid lOaliiiiig jOL'OOxdiiuiie Oil healtil COriiruUniCatlOn foil
development
> c/o Healthlink: Worldwide , 40 Adler Street, London El 1EE, UK
> Tel: +44 (0)20 75^0 7591 (direct)
> ~=>v j./!/!
7C20 1
rnA-txchange is nosteo on haoissa - space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchanqe(5kabissa. org
Website: ht tn: / / www. kab i s s a. o r a /ma i Ima n/listinfo / oha -exchange
2 of 2
9/27/01 10:07 AM
PH a-Exchange* WABA Global Forum 2
Dare: wecizooepzwi i 1:07:34-t-0800
AO TT>V 1 WofM Alliance for RrChStfcdlinO' Action 7
Frnnr
io: pha-exciiansefffikabissa.ore
- J — z.
O’spuciiuje 1
zuOz.,
niuoiid;
laiuaiiAa
nurturing the ruture-Chalienges co Breastfeeding in the 2ist century
The WABA. Global Forum 2 will bring together a diverse group of individuals and
ord T*v'<vd° a 11ri'A1 ?° orsno v't■> tv to discuss rW! ew and formn"’ate
roiuiti 2 aims uu provide an opportunity lol rallying worldwide participation m the
movement to protect, support and promote breastfeeding and childcare, and spread
awareness on the rights of children and women to adequate food, health and care
especially in developing countries.
ropuj.dLiiiobxj.xsatioii co ensure time actions are community and people—centered
WABA invites participation from individuals and groups interested in the topics of Forum
2. ranaing from health, women, children, environmental and consumer groups, to
individuals such as health workers and vouno people.
rxcj.j-iuxlicity miXiOdnCdueiiu xii wuiu; ucXL Only
j.
Reply term ^beiADLjiwb: 3u October zuuij
We nave also put them on our website <www.waba.org.br>. Please also share this
announcement to those who would be interested.
we look- foLvsrd t'A be?.rin<r from vo1?. =<nd vour oarticioation at the comino wapa Global
-rAr-isha, Tanzania.. Bo, save the dates and plan to ’’oin us in the w21p.2, Global
Witn best wishes,
KABA. Secretariat
P.O. Box 1200, 10850 Penana, Malavsia
Tel: 604-6584816
Fax: 604-6572655
————————————————————preliminary Announcement — Save tne Dates;
Nurturing The Future:
Challenges to Breastfeeding in the 21st Century
WABA GLOBAL FOPJJM 2
23-27 September 2002, Arusha, Tanzania
1?;= Aey races
x-'
i'ne world Alliance ror Breastfeeding Action (WABA) announces plans to nold tneir Second
Global Forum entitled Nurturina the Future: Challenges to Breastfeeding in the 21st
i of 6
PPA-Fvrhanoo WABA Global Fnnini 0
9/27/01 10:14 AM
v . inorina couecner a uiveistt group oi individuals ana organisations
and orovide a unions opportunitv to discuss, review and formulate strateaies to improve
infant and young "b' M health, nutr.ition and care through the protection, support and
promot r'r> '■'■p
7<**• -*ao•-«
— >->o
4-Ho coftimun ■’tv •
ivcocclghwhxen px'uviaes u;e evidence base ior appropriate actions
Capacitybuiiding to enaoie groups co implement more effective actions
Popularmobilisation to ensure that actions are community and people-centered
With its African venue. Forum 2 will focus on lessons the rest of the world can learn
t-Ki'o
•> 1i z-p i ,o
i"S
a .qn _
' <4
□ qr r oaH i riry CU 1 t.U TA AT>d WAVS
Of P *'O t PC t U CT
t
"^TOm
t.OdAV7 S
threats, ’.■ar*"''g from. the baby feed industry and its exploitation cf the HIV/Al DS issue
*-g
^xGXu*iJuvivA ana
xrco max,<ci.cer
3 Gx.x.Gj.v3
vO
acsvroy
vac vvuS.
xuG x*orum nas oeen
pxexiiiied with aSsiouaxice, lunuxiig, and enthusiastic support ox a iiost or groups iiivoxveo
in the oreastfeeaing ana allied movements, including women, environment, consumer, human
rights and rood security groups.
ro
spread awareness on trie rignts or children and women to adequate food, neaitn and care
especially m developing countries.
. . . Who?
WABA invites participation from individuals and groups interested in the topics of Forum
?. rana5.no from women. children, environmental and consumer cr roues, to individuals such
os ho?,'
rgc'-iforg Ard
1a.
rp^'av'a
w* ** 1 be
a
st.v'or,o t. ra ? n r rj and cAOAC't.v building
GGxumumCjr parvi.Cx.pauory accion iixxx majee iv possible co sncxi'e JKiixS ana rcnowleage ajoouc
advances axong a wiae front.
Kev Issues
yeaxs ux age ox beyono. »7nbn. axxiio co au ciiis through strengLheniiig me tour Innocenti
cargoes ana aaaressing key issues:
HIV/Al DS
oromotion and support of breastfeeding in the
xnopxxxng vua ee vtsxupmenu ul xcgloiial and nacionai strategies xox ixtipx emen ting the new
mu convencion 183 on Maternity protection by promoting its ratification, also strengthen
maternity protection among women working m the informal sector.
eiuei'gencies/ . naupemg tiie s^Goe is par u Ox governmenus
the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC).
2 of 6
oongauion wnen uney impxement
9/27/01 10:14 AM
PWl-Fwbnnoo W4RA Global Fnnnr ’
Mothe rSubb:
r support groups and other community based sunoort
i/ciuit, uuxlliq ciiiu ailci bxltii. G1MS aniib CO link With the
other relevant international programmes and initiatives.
BFHI& Birthina Practices
Extend the Babv-Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI1 to include good birthing practices
4 t> o-v'rJov
+•
5-co
4->>a uTUf i p+-rx q vot"h a-***—Raby
iv Tn i t" ■* at" ■* vq
Work" with TIN
What’s New
cnance co
The most
crora one of cue world's strongest breastfeeding cultures.
1 activism todav is pittina oeoble bower aaainst market
this effort to
i LlOift iiiwCxiei
lO
xiildnc 15 now being
oealt with is a Digger tnreat to oreastfeeding than the virus itself. we must update
ourselves, become proactive and build a united front calling for science and ethics, not
bolitics and Northern domination, to determine which accroaches are used.
Againand again the mass media exploit breastfeeding's emotive quality, especially
regardina environmental pollutants. The Forum will empower us all to proactively and
confidently deal with this locally. putting us in contact with scientific data,
uiiiie a±± cue necessary component o.
the support we all know is necessary to enabxe
motners to breastfeed successfully will be explored and mobilised simultaneously.
Joints in setting un a Hall of Fame to celebrate the movement's successes and a Hall of
Shame to document oast and oresent industry violations of the International Code of
pnH QiihqariHoni- WUO P A SO
lOTlS—dittV trick?!
protect, support and promote oreastreeaing. The Forum will snowcase what has been done so
rar and provide a brainstorming arena m which new approaches can be designed for the
settings in which vou live and work.
ss
3 of 6
PHA-Hxchanee> WABA Global Forum 2
9/27/01 10:23 AM
Backaround
radny HetwOrK .t’.tiiix'eio nave uvei
uxxc pGOu lew yedi'S expleS56u ‘Cue Xieed LO£ anOCxxel
5UCh
revitalising torum.
Several brainstormina sessions on the aoals,. objectives and oroaramme of Forum 2 have
~a<eri niar» from i999—?noi .
meeriners have confirmed the validity of the first Forum
c-
wp-inv
a’-cxvxuxeo
— >> ama 5
go
nnrJ
v. rm ,-r
xnuxe xxuxiiGxxe
OQ
u x x uimy
nra 11
pc;
[Jiabti^co,
1
p t H Ol’t* rha I’on rri -f--i rp. 1
good iiiGuellxx Cy caie
gxxo
J\ V'oq q
-Fr« T
A
r' +• -i q tq
yieatei GOiuiiiuxiicy
support.
—ForUTn MpparinfT nn MTV and Breast feed.! OCT
the xixv
cut; xiUpaCC Ox
pGXxdeinxc On ouppOL C
xox
Oxedotfeedlliy .
1*10 Cher
to child Cxaxioiuiooiorx
of Hiv occurs in utero, during child birch and through breastfeeding, rhe meeting
will concentrate on infection occurring through breastfeeding, and on the importance of
risk: assessment both in advice to mothers and in public policy. That is, the risk: of HIV
transmission through breastfeeding versus the risk- of not breastfeeding. Alternative
\mtuij
methods o-^
discussed. The "* moact of conce^'n about MTCT on
w’
10 Critical Areas for Action
WABA Global Forum 2. Nurturing the Future: Challenaes to Breastfeedina in the 21st
Centurv
0*5—O’?
Car\rc,r-'r>a>'
xtgx uxCxpexxuo
O Ci fl 0
'T’p ri 7 p r) n p
A V'li c?K o
wxxx x?e pieociiCea wxCxx cue xaceSc ocieiitixic xfxxOIxua CxOTi Oil iiiOther CO Ciilxd
transmission of iuv/aids. iney will critically review research and pilot study outcomes,
UN policies ana various organisations' position statements and learn about risk:
assessment both to assist individuals and policv makers and will develop appropriate
rriiidelin^s
rr,-r
rhoir ^s-rr 7
.
Rpqr
nractices will also be shared.
committee will oe prooucea ana a strategy for putting together one that has a clear
mandate, a budget, and accountability.
3.
Popular Mobilisation
" t"1
u2o C r
y• g•
«•, ,
vou.wp
m-i +"n rn/^XnlicTT^rr
pivzjk/v/Sua.
i m 1- i pr i va?? f. O
vV2?iting,
S’ 7000 *'t
ciCvOoa^sjr,
S’"^°?d1 Tiff W*
h0
anu a.J..IjCa_ng oroasv.xaeou.ng
oO
broader gxubGx GaiupGigiis, such as uNICEF's Global Movemenc for Ci'xiidren.
4.
Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
Participants will discuss how to build on the best practices in the BFHI to achieve
mother and baby friendliness throuahout the health care system including non-interventive
4 of 6
9/27/01 10:23 AM
PH4.FYchanee> WAR A Global Forum 2
5.
Globalisation
Participants will discuss the risks and danaers to breastfeedina of the introduction of
transgenic human milk component's in infant formula, geneticallv-modified foods, and of
of
co emerge regaiaiiig now
unau puus people first.
6.
The International Code
n?sons? the Code, and subseanent WHA
as a unicme
LCUllO /
iiion i
techniques for use m tneir own setting.
Sudd:
or Norkina Women
and imo 1 ement incr
a.
Breastfeeding and the Environment
Discuss breastfeedina as an environmentally friendly activity and how alternative feedina
Every breastfeeding advocate needs to know
m bn^astfeedwhethe** ‘’r'tended ov' not
U1N
plar
a.
Cutreach to Women's Oraanisations
Dpveino wavs to build links with oraanisations workina on women's issues and oender
ror the first time ever, waba. is bringing together all the forces working for rhe various
kinds of support needed by breastfeeding mothers from the health care and employment
sectors, other exnerienced women, the family and communitv. Groups will share their
experiences on their earlv work and success stories. You are invited to 6oin and helo
Breastreeaing farmers meeting neia in Salvador, Brazil, 23-25 uuiy 2001
travel, accomodations and the Forum Programme
Ft
(WAR Al
.
604-656 4616 1 .
www.waba.ora. my
----- END----REPLY FORM
guuloCC.
664-657 2655
uo
ac .
Email: secrewaba.po.my
website: www.waba.org.br
WARA GT.OBAT FORTTM 9
5 of 6
PHA-Exchanee> WABA Global Forum ?
9/27/01 10:26 AM
-Oieuare tor tne Forum, Please complete this form and return it to the WABA
secretariat not later than 30 October 2001. The purpose of this form is to identify
g^cnns and i-..a- -'a-.-1
-
t
q
a
sts
r.oranr i ai iy interested in attandinn the Forum or
ies- i am interested m attending the forum.
Yes! Please send me the Registration Package.
Telephone:
Country:
Email:
7 n Vo
“
-t-rm
oa
I .— •? r\n +-C.
onrl
Fax:
foy I
CO^f v>i
x* re sent mg <-i pouCsr st:
m
Q
rleSeii'Cing « CdSe 5uuuy Oil.
q
a
Setting up an information oooth/exhibit on:
Selling publications/products:
____________________
_______
My ornanisation/I would like to orcranise a special event/?:
The Global Forum does not accent funds or aifts from manufacturers of breastmilk:
suhsr■?com.merria.l complementary foods, feedincr bottles and other products used in
-
oc
nr.ani nr<
Invan ci-
■riiwn c:
T7.T 71R 71
onrnn vprtnc
p1 7
C'S
to
A dCC*"
Hd
cjprpp
rxeaoe uoiupxece this loim and return to Wz\3A by
□u October 2001
Fax: 604-6572655
WABA Global Forivrn 2, WABA Secretariat
Df-'
Oav
7 OQQ _
1 QQ R Q
o ' Q’ <
m„n .
iuxucl -X _U .
UC
">
Dannnry
Mn 1 □ vb i n
Tn-....
c I'. Ci>L a • PO • illy
«eosite; www. waoa .oig . bi x
www. waba. org .itiy
Fxchancre i s hosted o1^ Kah-’ ssa ~ Space fo*' chancre i^
5 of 6
9/27/01 10:26 AM
PHA-ExchSn&> cash-strappsd ministries
Subject: PSA-Excbaage> cash-strapped ministries
Date: Thu. 4 Oct 2001 21:13:46 +0700
From: "Claudio Schuftan" <aviva@netnam.vn>
Organization: AVIVA
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa. org>
Triage
is tihird world health mmistries
Keeping services tunning by juggling items of expenditure in the budget of a ministry of health can only go so
far. The often practiced 'management of cuts' makes running health services an impossible task. Management
options reach a point where triaging is the only alternative and selected health services are the clear victims of
such a slashing exercise.
In times of severe resource constraints health managers face challenges for which they are ill-prepared,. There
is no training that prepares them for operating under such tight financial decision-making options. What keeps
being ignored is the dire constraints under which health ministries work in the South. Here, government
management simply does not obey the golden rules of'good management as they have been set in the North.
Existing theories and recommended practices do not seem to work.
In the 1990s. ano under structural adjustment, managing a health ministry in Africa simply was (and still is) a
monumental task. It would be monumental even tor the top-paid champion managers of Europe or North
merino
AAkAAA***
A .•
The reason is that ministries are managing their a ffairs under conditions of extreme poverty; they are practising
management under conditions of severe financial constraints, with an extreme scarcity of cash resources. To
this, add each country's chronic problems with an inflated civil service that uses over 70% of the recurrent
oudget and tins catch-22 scenario become.', fiilly apparent.
Unfortunately, the type of critical (triage) management skills needed are taught nowhere! No university teaches
this brand of management that could prepare public managers io make difficult daily decisions when scarce
resources have to be allocated among so many vital competing, real-life priorities.
Triage management is several steps worse than 'management by crisis'. No financial forward planning holds
when one gets the news that the water supply of a major government hospital was cut for non-payment of bills
for the last year...
Health ministries not only start the fiscal year with scarce financial voted resources, but with an accumulated
debt of unpaid bills skillfully earned over to the current fiscal year. This debt further erodes already skimpy
budgets. Further, when senior management tries to call-forward its voted budgetary allocations, it finds the
Treasury has a cash-flow problem and delivers those funds late (or never). When Treasury cannot balance its
own books anymore, it may even 'close' the fiscal year a month or two ahead of its usual date of closure. Even
the Fortune 500' managers would not be able to cope, and yet the Misfortune 100' ministerial managers in
Africa somehow do.
Donor funds-typically already comprising over 70% of development budgets of health ministries - actually also
get affected by triage management. If and when Treasury' makes these donor funds available they are often used
as temporary stop-gap measures to manage the latest crisis thus being, at least temporarily, syphoned away from
1 oft
10/5/01 11:25 AM
PH A-F.xchange> cash-strapped ministries
their intended purpose.
All the above is not an apology for Third World ministries of health mismanagement or despondency, of which
there is a fair amount. This is rather a desperate call for technical support, for a search of new avenues that can
come up with realistic managerial triage techniques to cope with this kind of extreme adversity. What this calls
for is an effort commensurate with the challenge economists had to face to cope with the unknowns of
hyperinflation. Some of their theories had to be revised from scratch in the places where this was happening,
and not in their own ivorv towers.
1 am aware that there will be no miracle management techniques coming up from such a search, primarily
becuuss ths mnin chnlleiige remums — i.c. solving ths chronic fiscnl insolvency issue. However, perhaps a
South-South sharing of tricks can yield some collective wisdom from which to select coping interventions that
can be tried elsewhere, especially as relates to identifying no-cost or minor-cost interventions that show or
make a diiierence. Perhaps there is a recipe that can maximize the utilization of human and other resources
already in place: direct fund-raising techniques (e.g. tobacco taxes) may have to be considered as a realistic
altcmarive. more systematic survey of such palliative measures is needed. Perhaps some readers are willing
to share their experience with the rest of us or to influence an academic institution to start such a research. I
believe most potential help will come from a South-South sharing since the prospects for more structural
adjustment-like measures will continue to squeeze public funding in the Third World in the foreseeable future.
2 of 2
10/5/01 11:26 AM
PHA-Exchanee> Big capital owns your cells
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Big capital owns your ceils
Date: Sun, 07 Oct 2001 16:09:10 -0200
From: "Ted Greiner" <ted_greiner@hotmail.com>
To: pha-cxchangc@kabissa.org
h L Lp: / / «w~v .irna. org/ league/PT / PT .2001.08/ PT .2 001.08.6. htrnl
Your
By Steven Miller In the early '90s, Baylor University went to Europe to
patent cows that would produce pharmaceutical products in their milk:. Buried
m the legaiese was a reguest to patent genetically engineered human women.
When the court asked why, the University's lawyer said that they wanted the
patent rights in case, somewhere, sometime, someone might decide that humans
3123 p8cefilggic.
A y33±? 3yOz
gOV3Znni3nu 3 Fl Cl CC»ZpOi?3u3 ISES 3312 CflG 12 S fit; id 3
public relations love fest, announcing that the entire Human Genome — ail
hv.ip.3n DNA. — hsd boon sE.gvencsd. Now 3 13W is bsing debated in Oregon thst
win. rns.<e it ixxeg3-L O 3 person "co cj-aiiii riis Oi ner DNA ss persons!
property. This law is being pushed by Ph! RMA — the Pharmaceutical
l
v'1’1 t p
rr’1
r*s
pnH
i
_
n'F
__ -----
— thp
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------ nl
—frannwpTfiil
------ x_ _ .------ —— —
—
Ht3nuZ3CuuEezs xobby thsr. ri3s one loooyisu for every two nteinbers of Congress.
Global capitalism intends to privatize every resource on the planet. PhRMA
intends to add DNA. to the list. PhP.MA is against personal ownership of DNA
oecsuse ir wouio marce comrfierciax exploitarion or oiotech products more
difficult. They publicly admit that personal ownership is a barrier only to *
QnTnm^r* n i al i 7ari nn n
f —
human
DM A . r
__
—------ -------
problem,
—i r
-
niihc
r>n _top
.. ~—
_ —1
1 imi _
fq mn x-ogpprrh
Thou ----have
---------- —
of course, with corporate property. Though few people realize it,
corporate ownersnip or human uissuez cellsz cell products and DNA is guiue
advanced. In the late '80s, John Moore, a Seattle businessman, contracted
hairy cell leukaemia. He went to UCLA to cet too medical treatment. After
urearmenrsr me doctors told Moore he was cured but they kzept asking him to
come back and give! more tissue samples. Moore finally became suspicious and
discovered that his own cells had been oatented by the doctors — patent #
i,4o8,0s2. Rigntfully angered, Moore sued the university and the doctors for
malpractice and property theft. The doctors claimed that his cells and his
genetic essence were their property. The California Supreme Court held that,
since Moore had no property rights m ms body, ne had no rights to the
profits. Capitalist ownership of cells and tissues has now become universal.
If you give, up tissue for a medical test, you have no rights over what is
oone wiuh it. Your cells are being harvested for private profit! The current
debate over stem cells reveals the drug-company desires to privatize an
essential element of the growth process. Stem cells have the ability to
OGVS-i-Op ID VO Ociici
2 of 2
\V
1 of 2
uyp65
of Cello,
jUSt 83 yOUI? OWfi
f.Li?St Cello
differentiated into liver cells, eye cells and all your other cells. Stem!
cells have a vast potential to cure many diseases. Corporations are now
aggressively mining "human nve stock" around tne world. The inhabitants cl§/8/019:oo AM
the remote island Tristan da Cunha have the highest incidence of asthma in
the world. Canadian doctors asked for volunteers to donate, blood samples by
promising to research the disease. They then sold the blood to Boehringer
Inseiheim, a German biotech firm, for $70 million. The people of the island
have no rights to any profits from their own natural resources. Such
10/8/01 9:41 AM
i->iu vj/iiai uvmls wur ceus
.
bio-piracy is regularly used by both the U.S. government and corporations in
Panama, Mew7 Guinea, the Solomon Islands, India, and rirTht
in ths U.S.
ttself. The government began collecting tissue from infants in the 1960s to
test for phenylketonuria (PKU). This is a metabolic disease that leads to
mental retardation unless the child gets a special diet. Test after test has
been added to newborn screening programs.! All these cell samples can and do
wind
in the hands of private corporations who grow cell lines in labs that
up
can oe mined for decades — even after the person is dead. Harvesting of
human tissue is protected by a growing bio-police state. Parents in Missouri
o.nd South Csroliro can be oiled if thew refuse to donate their newborri1 s
cells. Children are required to give up tissue samples again when they enter
school. Pre-employment medical exams demand tissue, as do life-insurance
tests. Prisoners and soldiers are routinely mined for tissue. Andrew*^ 3rid
Nelkin describe this industry in their alarming book "Body Bazaar — The
Market for Human Tissue in the Biotechnology Age." Now that corporations are
privatizing our humanity, they charge us thousands of dollars a year for the
medical by-products of our own resources. It wasn't always like this. When
Jonas Salk discovered the polio vaccine in the 1950s, he gave it for free to
the oeoole of the world and never made a penny from it. The result was
immediate, large-scale programs chat immunized millions of people for free.
Compare this to how capitalists hold the world hostage to AIDS by pricing the
medicine out of reach. Tissues, cells and DNA are our common heritage as
human beings. The best protection for our personal right to benefit from our
cells is the public ownership of all important resources. Contact the
People's Tribune/Tribuno del Pueblo Speakers Bureau (<A
EREF="mailto:speakers@noc.org">speakers@noc.org</A>) to
book Steve Miller as a speaker. Join us in an online discussion with Steve
sometime in August. To find out the exact dates, look at our website at: <A
ERE F="http://www.lrna.org/">
http://www! .Irna.org</A> This article originated in the People’s Tribune
(Onj-ine
Edition), Vol. 26 No. 8 / August, 2001; P.O. Box 3524, Chicago, IL 60654, <A
HRE?= "http: //www.Irna. org/ ">
http://www.irna.org</A>. For free electronic subscription, email <A
HREF="mailto:maj ordomo@gocatgo.com">
majordomoSgocatgo . com</A.> with a message of
subscribe pt-dist
Feel free to reproduce unless marked as copyrighted; please include this
message with reproductions of the article.
Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com
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2 of 2
10/8/01 9:41 AM
PHA-Exchange> Action Alert Oppose i ’S u\- oftobacco - Stop the Etheridge Amendment”'
Alert: v>ppOSC 11' i •* A Jii* J Ci' P r011. 0110Ji 01 toi>OCCO - utOjjj 1110
Hul'JOC*: 1
Amendment:
Date: Mon. 8 Oct 2001 23:05:39 +1000
i'otii: **<.11 Secretariat ■"xcxCalliaixcc(vtmei.co.tli^ >
To: <pha-exchange(a'kabissa.org>
Action Alert
Oppose US taxpayer promotion of tobacco
stoo the Etheridae Amendment
Security ACc
\HA Zuiui
cliciu WOuxd
lGlCc
<JS u a X pci ye 1'5 uO fund
cue promotion ci cobacco in foreign countries."
House Switchboard 202-225-3121
oco
t.nsr2.dee
il
•. u—pxaii5 uo oxx<sr an aiuenoiiienu.
l.o
me cariiti
Security Act of 2001 'HR 2646) on the rioor of the uS House, which
would make leaf tobacco eligible for the S200 million Market Access
Prooram (MA?) administered bv the US Dent, of Agriculture. MAP
provides federal funds to help farmers and associations promote
US agricultural products overseas.
nowever,
rvep.
xcige amenaea utc o.ixx
hpucl
lG
mcxuoe xeaz uooacco
during the House Agriculture Committee mark-up in July.
Subsequently, Rep. Etheridge's prevision was removed from the bill
by a 24-7 vete on an amendment offered bv P.eo. Earl Blumenauer
.'T-CP during the House International Relations Committee mark-up
To q^ote t..e Amar^uari
.Mo^GxucxGG,
’’Precious taxpayer dollars
snouxG FaCu be spent to subsioize tne saxe or promotion or tobacco. "
For your reference, rollowing are a letter from the American Lung
Association and an .Advisory sent to all members of the Congressional
Task Force on Tobacco and Health from Co-Chairs Jim Hansen (R-UT)
and Martv Meehan (D—MAI . Also, I circulated a Lexinoton (KY) Heraldleaner news a rti. 1 ~ a her in ~
~ dne'
'1 g •* 1 7
American Lung Association ietternead
October 2, 2CC1
Dear Representative Doggett:
Thank you for your commitment to protect the world's children from
tobacco.
The American Luno .Association shares vour concern that
\y
ine nOiio neax^r, wrgamza^iorx caxxs the worxdwide tooacco probxem
a giobax epidemic. The WHO estimates chat tobacco attx'ibutabie
10/10/01 10:35 AM
PH A.-Fxchange> Action Alert Onpow I ?S tax of tobacco - Stop the Etheridge Amendment
The United States has an obligation to help
deat.-.s in about 203C.
The United States government should not be engaged in the promotion
of tobacco abroad or at home.
Our government should send a clear
and consistent message to discourage tobacco use.
it would be
aCrCaG
C A T G U G 11
vllG
t-iG I rCG G riCCcSo
l" 1G G Z'cxlii.
fxcClOuJ
uaXpayd?
dollars should not be spent to subsidize cue sale or pioiuorion of
tobacco.
The American Luna Association opposes any amendment to
H.R. 2646, the Farm Security Act of 2001, which promotes
s?
Ar'/ ot'.’r,'?v' tobacco 5’■ .1b■* cb7.
ri
John _. Kirkwooa
Chief Executive Officer
I’lCiiNDrlEh 1
_ ear
l ask
r o r ce
The American nung Association and rhe American Society of clinical
Cncoloaists are also opposed to the Etheridge amendment.
To quote
the -ALA, "Precious taxpayer dollars should not be spent to subsidize
the sale or promotion of tobacco." Copies of both organizations’ letters
z-x
r-rrizx ; i 7 r
o v'o
n i" r o r'c or"'
t* rx
r r. i c
ztv—rrt.ti 1 :
The Congressional Task Force on Tobacco and Health
Representative James V. Hansen (R-UT), Co-Chairman
Representative Martv 1'eahan (D-MA), Co-Chairman
2 of 3
PHA-Exchanee> Action Alert Oppose US tax...of tobacco - Stop the Etheridse Amendment
10/10/01 10:35 .AM
Convention Alliance is an alliance ot NGCs from around the
.icted to a stror.o global treaty to control tobacco for the health
CC
lite
izGSuCQ Gxl
Co :
AuClJJu
j_Gj_
a. G rxa.Ga.Go
rriA—£ACii€tiiyeeA.ctOi5oa. ol
u tp: / / www . kaoi ssa. org/mailman/ list info/pha-exchange
10/10/01 10:35 AM
PHA-Ewhsng^ on poverty (4 end tert)
Subject PRA-Eiehsfige> oa poverty (4 and last)
Date: Sun, 25 Nov 2001 15:48:12 +0100
From: schuftanc@who,ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
(4]
Poverty is not only a state of existence, but also a process; it can be
chronic or transient; it can trap future generations.
To be pro-poor, economic growth has to reduce income inequality.
Rural poverty accounts for nearly 63% of all poverty worldwide, reaching 90%
in China and Bangladesh and 65-90% in Sub-saharan Africa. In Tatin-america,
poverty is concentrated in urban areas. Rural women tend to suffer far more
than rural men.
Much or the urban poverty is caused by tne rural poor moving to the cities.
Most or the poor depend on private transfers among households, extended
families and other kinship groups. The rural poor increasingly depend on
wage labor; a flexible public works program can thus help to smooth
household consumption.
Unfair laws or poor enforcement of existing laws worsen the plight of the
poor. In this respect, the rights to land and water are of key importance in
reducing rural poverty.
Claudio
aviva@netnam.vn
DO NOT FORGET TO VISIT OUR NEW WEESITE AT WWW.PBAf4OVEMENT.ORG
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1 of 1
11/27/01 3:29 PM
1’1 l.\-hxchange> one liners on poverty (3)
Subject: PHA-Exchange> one liners on poverty (3)
Date: Sat. 24 Nov 2001 11:44:21 +0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
(3)
Privatization has weakened the role of the state which is now failing to
deliver benefits due to the poor.
In the battle against poverty,
how large, is not enough!
success in only a few countries, no matter
Poverty's non-economic dimensions and attributes:
powerlessness/voicelessness,
vulnerability/deprivation,
low capacity to cope,
limited choices, no access to basic services,
discrimination,
inability to influence or control what happens to one's family,
lack of connections (dependence only on the informal network of kin...
while the rich are always well connected) ,
no assets,/no skills/ill equipped to absorb external shocks,
lack of information,
thinking in terms of very short time horizons (surviving the present),
no direct access to resources (always mediated by institutions),
precarious seasonal livelihood,
unofficial payments to receive government services,
crime and violence/widespread violence against women,
unequal gender relations,
cut off from information about one's rights (abused and excluded by the more
powerful),
disconnected (no organization into networks that can exert pressure).
Poor people are not the problem. Poor people work hard, are remarkably
resourceful and show determination in providing for their families.
If a government is not fully committed to consulting the poor, it is
unlikely to act on research results that run counter to its own interests.
Claudio
aviva@netnam.vn
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
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S2.6b'
I of 1
11/26/01 11:08 .'
PHA-EsdunscJ PHA NEWSNEWSNEWS
Subject: PHA-Exchange> PHA NEWSNEWSNEWS
Date: Sat, 24 Nov 2001 11:12:29+0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@KABISSA.org
There are a number of developments that I need to share with you:
Zafrulla and Ravi Narayan were in Geneva in October and pressed the need
with WHO to have a PHA meeting during the World Health Assembly next May. I
am currently in Geneva for a few weeks and was notified that WHO has agreed
in principle and details will be worked out.
I also met with the new civil
Society Initiative staff of WHO to discuss further possible collaboration
with the People's Health Movement (the prefered way to refer to us now). We
will attempt to have as many as possible PHA members come to Geneva in May.
We want to use the opportunity to do as much lobbying for the pch (charter)
as possible.
There was an important meeting of internatiojal coordinators of PHA in Savar
(Dhaka) at the end of October. A proposal for our further organization and
plan of action was discussed. It contains strategies to disseminate the
charter and creating consensus around it, ideas to stengthen our movement
over the next 3 years, a new proposed structure how the movement should be
oganized and a timetable tor things that need to be done. Dr Qasem in the
Secretariat will post the document later in this list as it is reviewed and
finalized.
On December 4th, the European PHA groups will hold a one-day 1st aniversary
meeting in London. I urge our friends organizing it to post more information
in this list in the next few days. From Asia, Dr Thelma Narayan of the
Community Health Cell in Bangalore has been invited to attend.
In India, April 7th has been changed by PHA members from WHO Day to People's
Health Day and in 2001 Health as a Right was the theme.
PHA's lobbying with UN agencies has till now concentrated mostly on WHO. It
is now clear that we need to be more proactive with other agencies; UNICEF
is key among them.
If anyone of you has good contacts, please communicate
this to the Secretariat (gksavar0citechco.net), A first step is to more
widely distribute the People's Charter to theses agencies’ officers and then
to establish more formal linkages of consultation with them.
Does anybody else have first aniversary meetings scheduled next month?
Please tell us.
Claudio
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
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Pl 1A-Exchange> On poverty (2)
Subject: PHA-Exchange> On poverty (2)
Date: Fri, 23 Nov 2001 17:56:01 +0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Here are some more facts you ought to master to better structure your
discussions on poverty:
Policies that increase the incomes of the poor enhance the productive
capacity of the whole economy.
A country pursuing redistributive policies could reduce poverty even if its
total income did not grow... but we are hard-pressed to find real-world
examples.
The poor remain poor because they cannot borrow against future earnings to
invest in education, skills, new crops and entrepreneurial activities. They
are cut off from economic activity because they are deprived of many
collective goods (property rights, public safety, infrastructure) and lack
information about income opportunities.
The debate on what's first, growth or poverty reduction is a meaningless
debate that diverts attention from the questions that should be our real
focus: what works, how and under what circumstances.
Although some progress is being made in poverty alleviation in some places,
it has been painfully slow, as the gap between rich and poor countries
continues to grow.
In most countries, poverty reduction strategies are inseparably linked to
debt relief operations, to tariff reductions in the rich countries and in
many cases to tax reform. Debt relief has to be linked with poverty
alleviation programs WITH civil society participation in the
decis ion-making.
To hold governments accountable, indicators of the social impact of reforms
implemented and of poverty beyond income need to be tracked.
Just recently, the combination of lower Third World commodity prices and
higher oil prices resulted in trade losses of 15% in half of the poorest
countries. The debt service of these same countries increased on average
from about 17% of exports in 1980 to a peak of about 30% of exports in 1986.
In 1997 it was 15%.
Claudio
avivaOnetnam.vn
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
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4g I"
1 of I
11/26/01 11:31 AM
PHA-Exeh«<we-' ONE-LINERS VN POVERTY: USE THEM(l)
Subject: PHA-Eichange> ONE-LINERS ON POVERTY: USE THEM (1)
Date: Fri, 22 Nov 2001 08:27:06 tOlOO
From: schuftanc;^;who-cli
To: pha -exchange^abissa.org
fl'.
Sound economic policies are conducive to growth, but so are sound social
policies.
In countries where income inequality is low, growth is tvrice as effective in
reducing poverty as in countries with high income inequality.
In countries where the distribution of income worsens during growth, the
impact of growth on poverty is not strong.
I lie impact c<t providing social s&rvicfis to the poor hss b&eri loss than
expected, mainly because:
a) investments in health and education, for example, have grown at a slower
pace than the GDP has grown (for redistribution to occur, what is needed is
increasing the share of public spending on poor people's needs);
b) the quality of the services expanded is poor;
c) interventions do not respond to the poor people's real needs;
d) there is no community involvement in making decisions about these
safety-net programs which do not attack the root causes of poverty.
The effects of adverse external shocks such as volatile capital flows and
falling terms of trade are not only transitory; such shocks can lock people
into poverty for the long term by causing irreversible damage to
children,for example (malnutrition, abandoning school, etc).
(Indonesia an
example?]
The total number of people living on less than $1 a day has risen from 1.16
billion in 1987 to 1.2 billion (24% of the world's population) in 1998/ if
one excludes China, the figures are 680 million people in 1987 and 986
million (26.2% of the world's population) in 1998.
Poverty is more than low income, a lack of education and poor health. The
poor are powerless to influence the social and economic factors that
determine their well-being (...or poverty) and have their legal rights
violated all the time.
UrireSponSiVeneSS Of State institutions and corruption are additional
barriers to poverty alleviation. Needed are participatory mechanisms to
prevent the domination by local elites.
Poor people define their poverty in terms of lack of opportunities, lack of
power and lack of security. This broader definition of poverty requires a
broader set of actions to fight it...
In international terms, industrial countries' protectionism causes annual
losses in welfare of more than twice the amount of overseas development
assistance.
QUOr E tO C
'
Claudio
aviva@netnam.vn
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To post, write to: PHA~Exchange@kabissa.org
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%C,I
iofl
11/23/01 4:04 PM
1 I l.\-L-xchange ■ HIX' and Infant Formula
Subject: PHA-Exchange> HIV and Infant Formula
Date: Fri. 23 Nov 2001 11:45:30 -0500
From: "S.Minkin" <smink@sover.net>
To: <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org>
Dear PHA friends.
This is a letter I sent to the Editor of the New York Times after they published a very misleading
headline endorsing infant formula. I’m very happy that the PHA exchange is back at work.
Steve Minkin
Letter to the Editor,
Your headline "Formula Supported for Mothers With HIV" (Nov 21) was totally misleading and
dangerous. The study of HIV-positive Kenyan mothers, reported in the Journal of the
American Medical Association, found ‘there was no significant difference in death rates or
various illnesses between breast-fed and formula-fed babies. " Significantly, breast-fed babies
tended to have better nutritional status, especially during the first six months of life. Infant
formula remains a major killer in developing countries, and the attempt to promote
bottle-feeding as AIDS prevention in poor countries remains an ill-advised and often cynical
marketing smokescreen.
Stephen F Minkin
PO Box 6073
Brattleboro, VT 05302
M• '• ■ '■
B!
Subject; PI4A-Eichauge> We are up again!
Date: Fri, 23 Nov 2001 08:24:27 +0100
From: schuitanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Dear friends,
The list has Deen off almost 7 weeks. There were problems with the server in
Washington. Ent it is all resolved now.
So please, start posting your news and interesting pieces again.
Cordially,
Claudio
(your moderator;
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
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i oil
11/23/01 4:03 PM
PHA-Exchange> BATA English newsletter
Subject: PHA-Exchangc- BATA English newsletter
Date: Tub, 27 Nov 2001 16:32:59+0600
From: wbb <wbb@pradeshta.net>
To: PHA-Exchange^kabissa, org
BATA Newsletter
(Bangladesh Anti-Tobacco Alliance)
(Note: the BATA English newsletter presents highlights only ofthe Bengali version,)
Press Conference on BAT’s Youth Smoking Prevention Campaign
On the 13 th of August, BATA held a press conference to discuss the hue objectives ofthe youth
smoking prevention campaign of British American Tobacco (BAT). The speakers, from Manas, the
Consumers’ Association of Bangladesh, and Work for a Better Bangladesh (WBB) exposed the
intentions of BAT to improve its public image while drawing youth to smoking by portraying it as an adult
behaviour.
Publication of report on the tme objectives of
BAT’s Youth Smoking Prevention Campaign
On the 28th of July 2001, BAT launched its youth smoking prevention campaign, consisting of a
30-second TV spot, three one-minute radio scripts, and a billboard and sticker. In order to understand
youth reactions to the campaign, WBB and Manobik conducted research with a group of 14- to 16-year
olds, and a survey of300 schoolboys under age 18. The results showed a higli level of awareness of
BAT cigarette advertising, and little positive about the youth prevention messages. The report is available
in English and Bengali on WBB’s website: http://wbb.globalink.org
Award of WHO Tobacco Free World Award Certificate
On the 29th of July at the WHO office in Dhaka, Suniti Acharya presented BATA with a certificate to
accompany the Tobacco Free World Award gold medal that was presented on World No Tobacco Day
this year. Various BATA member organizations were present to celebrate the presentation.
New Tobacco Control Websites
WBB and BATA have recently set up their websites, with information about tobacco use and control in
Bangladesh. In addition, PATTI Canada’s tobacco control resources, most of which have been
produced jointly with WBB, are available on WBB’s website. Our thanks to GLOBALink for its help in
establishing the websites.
http ://wbb. global ink, org and http://bata.globalink.org
Publication of “Hungry for Tobacco” in Tobacco Control
The September 2001 issue of Tobacco Control featured a photograph of a poor smoker in Bangladesh
on the cover; the cover essay was written by staff of the World Bank on the issue of poverty’ and tobacco
use; and ran the article “Hungry for Tobacco: an analysis ofthe economic impact of tobacco
consumption on the poor in Bangladesh.” The article illustr ates tire serious impact on malnutr ition and
poverty in general of tire diversion of income to tobacco.
Divisional Workshops on Tobacco Control
Work for a Better Bangladesh organized workshops in Rajshahi in August and in Sylhet in September, to
train NGOs, government officials, and members ofthe press about the need for tobacco control, and
some ways to begin the work. Funded by the American Cancer Society, the workshops are being
P
lof2
fef*’
p* BA 1A Enisbsiiutfwste llw
conducted around die counfiy to increase NGO and government support for tobacco control, and the
11/28/01 10:00 AM
PITA
tmu eiiec-liveness 01 bAia a naiionai nr-twuin.
Change of Address
Work for a Better Bangladesh and the
Bangladesh Anti-Tobacco Alliance have moved. The new address is:
House No. 49, Road No. 4/A
Dhanmondi R/A
Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
Phone: (8802) 966-9781, 862-9273
Fax: (8802) 862-9271
WBB: wbb@pradeshta.net http://wbb.globalink.org
BATA: bata@pradeshta.net http://bata.globalink.ore,
BATA Acknowledges the financial and technical Support of PATH Canada
Work for a Better Bangladesh
House-49 Road-4/A
Dhanmondi, Dhaka-1209, Bangladesh
Ph- 880-2-9669781 Fax-880-2-8629271
E-mail-wbb@_pradeghta.net
website: http://wbb.globaliiik.crg
2 of 2
11/28/01 10:00 AM
PHA-Exchsnge> Notice - Equal Recognition of Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
Subject PBA=Exchaus^ Notice = Equal Recognition of Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2001 10:47:07+0800
From: kireenmm <kireenmm@,tm.net.my>
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
CC: idris md <idrismd@tm.net.my>
Dear PHA friends.
NOTICE
EQUAL
RECOGNITION
OF
MEDICINE SYSTEMS NEEDED
TRADITIONAL
<?xml:namespace prefix = o ns = °urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:officea />
It was recently reported by a senior Singapore Government official that almost one in eight Singaporean? now prefer?
traditional medical treatment over established Western medicines. There were calls for increased research into these
ancient cures. This is indeed laudable.
™
The WHO constitution has defined health as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the
absence of disease or infirmity’. Traditional systems of therapy are closer to this approach to health. Their focus is on the
maintenance of health and well-being through
holistic means rather than symptomatic treatment.
Besides, Singapore, many other countries are already promoting and integrating traditional systems of medicine into their
national healthcare and delivery systems. For instance, in China, traditional medicine systems are officially recognized
and integrated into the healthcare system. Hospitals and colleges have been designated for the training in traditional
systems.
India, fast year, doubled its budget for the promotion of traditional medicine practices such as ayurveda, sidha, unani,
naturopathy, Tibetan medicine and homeopathy. The Minister of Health has also requested all ministries to recognize
traditional systems in the reimbursement schemes of medical expenses for employees in the government sector.
Malaysia, being a multiracial country, has a rich base of traditional systems of healthcare which include Malay, Chinese,
Indian and indigenous medicine. These non-Westem or traditional systems of medicine were practised before the advent
of the colonial era. With the advent of colonialism, they were gradually sidelined in favour of the allopathic concept of
medicine. However, efforts are now being made to revive these age-old systems.
•
Many of our healthcare systems today are grounded on the allopathic or modern concept of medicine. The emphasis on
private curative health measures, sophisticated technology and expensive drugs has given rise to increasingly exorbitant
medical costs and the incidence of medical errors. Shortages of manpower in the various health sectors compound the
problem.
We need to let go of the present obsession with the modern system of medicine and turn to other systems that do not
depend on this sophisticated technology and other expensive modes of treatment delivery. Authorities are called upon to
do more to raise the level of traditional systems of medicine to an equal footing with modern medicine. Among the
measures that must be given emphasis are;
>
an
equal recognition of traditional systems of health in the existing healthcare
system
>
active promotion of traditional systems of medicine by the Ministries of Health in their nations! health
programmes
>
the creation of a laws, under a separate Act, to regulate aO aspects of traditional medical systems,
including the registration of traditional practitioners
>
the provision of grants, incentives and other support mechanisms for training, research and setting up
of facilities
>
the setting up of traditional medicine colleges within the existing university framework
11/28/01 8:54 AM
1 Of 2
l'HA-Extlnnq;e> Nvlice - Equal lleeugniliuu itf Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
>
Pit
me convening of national arid international conferences oil traditional medical systems to promote
—x-J
— e-
J — -~A — -JJLac-.sr
»
Mri
Greater efforts are called for if we are to raise the status of traditional systems of medicine, Otherwise, these systems vaiH
continue to remain a “second class” healthcare option in the eyes of the medical personnel as well as the pubfic at large.
Klreen
on behalf of;
SM Mohamed Idris,
President,
Consumers Association of Penang,
225. Jalan Macalister,
10400 Penang,
Malaysia.
2 of 2
11/28/01 8:54 AM
KG: PHA-Exeh#ng«^ Notice - Equal Reeognitiofl of Tfaditiofld Medicine Systems Needed
Subject: Re: PHA=Exchange> Notice = Equal Recognition of Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
Date: Wed, 28 Nov 2001 08:47:08 +0100
From: "Ted Greiner'' <ted_greiner@hotmail.com>
To: kireenmm@tm.net.my, pha-exchange@kabissa.org
CC: idrismd@tm.net.my
Friends,
I would agree that there is a great need for research on when and where traditional systems are superior and how
to integrate them into modem health care systems. However, that is not the same as saying that when integration
is achieved tire patient's interests will always be served. Earlier this year in a review of how iron deficiency is
being dealt with in China, I found that often the village doctors (who commonly provide both types of care) tend
to offer traditional treatment with herbs (which tends to cost 150 yuan and is of uncertain efficacy) rather than
iron tablets, which cost less than 4 yuan.
Regards,.
Ted Greiner, Associate Professor
International Nutrition Research Group
Department of Women’s and Children's Health
Uppsala University Academic Hospital, Entrance 11
751 85 Uppsala
Sweden
phone: +46 18 6115937
fax; +46 18 508013
email: Ted.Greiner(§)kbh.uu.se
or ted_greiner@hotmail.coni
personal website: http://www.geocities.com/HotSprings/Spa/3156
—Original Message Follows—
From: kireenmm
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
CC: idris md
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Notice - Equal Recognition of Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
Date: Tue, 27 Nov 2001 10:47:07 +0800
Dear PHA friends,
NOTICE
EQUAL RECOGNITION OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE SYSTEMS NEEDED
It was recently reported by a senior Singapore Government official that almost one in eight Singaporeans now
■b
prefers traditional medical treatment over established Western medicines. There were calls for increased research
into these ancient cures. This is indeed laudable.
The WHO constitution has defined health as 'a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not
merely the absence of disease or infirmity' Traditional systems of therapy are closer to this approach to health.
Their focus is on the maintenance of health and well-being through holistic means rather than symptomatic
treatment
Besides, Singapore, many other countries are already promoting and integrating traditional systems of medicine
into their national healthcare and delivery systems. For instance, in China, traditional medicine systems are
officially recognized and integrated into the healthcare system. Hospitals and colleges have been designated for
the training in traditional systems.
India, last year, doubled its budget for the promotion of traditional medicine practices such as ayurveda, sidha,
unani, naturopathy, Tibetan medicine and homeopathy. The Minister of Health has also requested all ministries to
recognize traditional systems in the reimbursement schemes of medical expenses for employees in the
11/29/01 9:37 AM
PHA-E^tciiung'e- Notice - Equal iteioguition of Traditional Medicine Systems Needed
government sector.
Pe:
ivjo.ujdtu,
a Hiunuaiiai vuunuy, uas a nvii vasv Oi uauiuuna ajareluft i&aiuraue wiutu ihcIIrjv iviaiay,
Chinese, Indian and indigenous medicine. These non-Westem or traditional systems of medicine were practised
before the advent of the colonial era. With the advent of colonialism, they were gradually sidelined in favour of
the allopathic concept of medicine. However, eftbrts are now being made to revive these age-old systems.
Many of our healthcare systems today are grounded on the allopathic or modem concept of medicine. The
emphasis on private curative health measures, sophisticated technology and expensive drugs has given rise to
increasingly exorbitant medical costs and the incidence of medical errors. Shortages of manpower in the various
health sectors compound the problem.
We need to let go of the present obsession with the modem system of medicine and turn to other systems that do
not depend on this sophisticated technology and other expensive modes of treatment delivery. Authorities are
called upon to do more to raise the level of traditional systems of medicine to an equal footing with modem
medicine. Among the measures that must be given emphasis are:
0 an equal recognition of traditional systems of health in the existing healthcar© system
0 active promotion of traditional systems of medicine by the Ministries of Health in their national health
programmes
0 the creation of a laws, under a separate Act, to regulate all aspects of traditional medical systems, including the
registration of traditional practitioners
0 the provision of grants, incentives and other support mechanisms for training, research and setting up of
facilities
0 the setting up of traditional medicine colleges within the existing university framework
0 the convening of national and international conferences on traditional medical systems to promote their
importance and encourage further understanding of these health systems
Greater efforts are called for if we are to raise the status of traditional systems of medicine. Otherwise, these
A systems will continue to remain a "second class" healthcare option in the eyes of the medical personnel as well as
the public at large.
Kireen
on behalf of:
S.M. Mohamed Idris,
President,
Consumers Association of Penang,
228, Jalan Macalister,
10400 Penang,
Malaysia.
Get your FREE download of MSN Explorer at http://explorer.msn.com
— PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa To post, write to:
PHA-Exchauge@kabissa.org Website: http://wAvw.hsts.kabfrsa.org/maihnan/lfrtinfo/pha-exchange
2 of 2
11/29/01 9:37 AM
Bhopal Remembrance Day on December 3rd
Subject: Bhopal Remembrance Dav on December 3rd
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 12:47:54+0530
From: "L.C. Jain" <lcjain@bgl.vsnl.net.in>
To: Ravi Narayan Dr. <sochara@vsnl.com>
Dear Dr. Ravi Narayan,
Thank you for your invitation letter of November 27,
Remembrance Day on December 3rd.
2001 for Bhopal
I am so sorry.
I cannot join you on December 3.
I am in Delhi for Nata
Duwury's meeting on violence against women.
All the best.
affectionately,
Devaki Jain
Devaki Jain
"Tharangavana"
D-5, 12th Cross,
RMV Extension,
Bangalore - 560 080.
Karnataka
INDIA.
•
Pl+P-r-SCC.
Tel: +91-80-334 4113
Fax: +91-80-331 2395
E-mail: lcjainsbgl.vsnl.net.in
be#'
Ia I Le cO
pl^c+^c
1 of 1
b.
7o)
11/29/01 4:36 P1V
[PHA2KI1] CoaffiiHiu >M tlw future of th« FHA
Subject; Re: [PRUOOl] Coiauiehis on the future of the PIIA
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 00:30:11 +0600
From: Dr Qasem Chowdhury <gksavar@citechco.net>
Reply-To: PHA20Q1 (Syahoogroups.com
To: PHA2001 (Syahoogroups.com
Dear Stephanie,
Thanks for your reply before the deadline. You are absolutely right
PHA movement
should link the networks and other movements as we go forward to strengthen our
collective efforts. I hope once our new structure is finalised we will move
to develop
the strategy tor those linkages. Each working circle will nave contact
person who will
link with regional and international circle on the same issue. This is the
vertical linkage.
The geographic circle will work together with the different working circle
at national, regional
and international level. People already express their interest to involve
in different working
circles.
Dirrerent country may have different issues to address. Each country
will develop the national working circle first considering their National
issues and later link up with the regional and international circle on the
same issue.
With very best wishes,
Qasem
At 03:30 PM 11/27/01 +0200, you wrote:
>bear Friends,
>Happy Ramadan!
Harm wishes to everyone during this holiday season.
>We would like to offer our comments on the documents sent by Qasem,
^reporting on the October meeting in Dhaka on the ways forward for the
>PHA. We want to thank everyone for their hard work on the PHA, especially
>to the group that met in Dhaka and helped to formulate the new
structures. The idea for the structures/circles sounds great, and our
^collective support and coordination will make them a success.
>We liked the tone of the proposal, and it is good that we are all in
^agreement on the basic values and principles behind our movement. In
border to ensure that the proposed structures work properly, we should
>focus on linking the circles in order to make our work more comprehensive
>and to make sure that the geographic and working circles intersect
>properly. For example, the proposal states that one of our aims will be
>to "take root so that international bodies such as the WHO, WTO, UNICEF
>and World Bank listen to the People’s Health Movement." Many
Organizations and individuals in different regions are already conducting
>advocacy work that targets these institutions, so it would be productive
>to link people's past and present work in these areas in order to work
>together in the future, we feel that linking with networks and movements
>is really essential, and that we have a huge potential for impact if we
>cooperate with different partners around the world.
>one additional thing we would like to add -it seems that the working
>circles are very broad at this point and we would have to narrow down
swhich ones we wanted to work on, based on interest and participation. It
>seems that this geographic-working circle intersection could come into
>play here, as some regions might decide they would like to work in certain
1 °f2
ii.e' LL'HAliOOl] C’jjrnmkfaL un the future of the PHA
J"woiking circles." But of course the working circles would remain Open to
PH/l 'iioty i
—d?
11/29/01 5:21 PM
Tie: 11
^-Otherwise, we accept the proposal and thank you for all your efforts.
>Ti>an.k you,
ut’MjJU.Hu.tr j’j» xid/ii'c'j.
>jihad Mashal
>UPMRC
>Palestine
> Yahoo.' Groups Sponsor
>ADVERTISEMENT
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xhttp://docs. yahoo. com/ info/terms/>Yahoo! Terms of Service.
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i of 3
11/29/01 5-21 PM
P HA-Exchanges Rethinking the t*m» of debate-. on Ti aditionsl Medicine Synenis
Subject: PHA-Exchange - Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional Medicine Systems
Date: Thu, 29 Nov 2001 09:35:21 +0500
From: Madhulika Banerjee -madhulikab^vsnlneO
To: "Ted Greiner” <ted_^reiner@holmail.com>, kireeninm@tm.net.my, pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Dear friends,
I was heartened to see the issue of Traditional medicines coming up in
thia public health programme.
The key words about these nowadays are
integration, efficacy and need for more research and support. Each one of
these terms,
particularly for those who understand not only politics of
the issues of health but the politics of knowledge of medical systems
everywhere, need to be understood very carefully.
I would like to share with everyone that I have been resarchinq on
precisely these questions for many years now, but within the confines of
Delhi University, and not been able to publish much of it.
I have carried
out an extensive analysis of the postcolonial Indian government's policies
in this arena and many of you may know that the historians of the colonial
period in India have done extensive work too. My work has alerted me to how
much the keywords in the current debate are products of the policies
followed hy modern states and international organisations. Take
'integration’ for example. It is worth asking: what would be the terms on
which integration happens? and why does it seem to be a given that the
traditional medical systems would need to be integrated in to the modern
healthcare systems? Given that the TH are older and in some ways wiser and
also that the definitions of health seem to be having to move towads those
already provided by them, rather than away or ahead of them, it is worth
asking whether 'integration' shouldn’t it be taking place the other way
round.
The other, equally important question that needs to be understood in a
complementary way to that of policy, is that of the market. How do the big
'herbal pahrmaceutical' companies influence the market and in what
direction of usage of the systems do we think they are heading off to? Is
mass production and proving the efficacy to modern doctors essential to the
survival of Traditional Medicinal Systems?
I am currently finishing the first draft of a manuscript precisely on this
subject— all discussion would be welcome.
Regards,
Madhulika.
Madhulika Banerjee
XB4 Sahvikas Society,
68 I.P.Extension,
Delhi 110092.
INDIA
Phones (work): +91-11-6499019
Anewerphone (home): +91-11-2443430
EHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website: http://www. lints .kabinsa.org/maiIman/liptinfo/pha-exchange
1 of 1
11/30/01 9:13 AM
RE: Thanks for your prompt reptv
Subject*. RE*. Thanks for your prompt reply
Date: Thu, 2? Nov 2<X>i 12:15:39 +0100
From: viltaF9@vvho,ch
To: sochara@vsnl.com
Dear Ravi
I fully understand and agree with keeping "internally" the proposal,
therefore I will keep it and respond to Dr. Qasem from lima on any
suggestion or comment.
What a pitty the books are taking longer but I ma sure they will arrive, but
pls. let my secretary know since she will be here.
May I take this opportunity to thank you and wish you and your family and
group the best for 20021!
Do you know if someone from the PSA will attend the social (alternative)
forum in Porto Alegre in Early 2002? This is the alternative to the Davos
forum where I think the pba should be present, maybe Maria Zuniga?
Saludos
Eugenio
--------- Original Message--------From: Community health cell [mailto*.socharagvsnl. com)
Sent: Thursday, 29 November 2001 03:58
To: villare; Qasem Chowdhury, Dr
Subject: Thanks for your prompt reply
Dear Eugenio,
Thanks for your very prompt reply and for collecting the books and
posting them. I am looking forward to receiving them soon. About the
attachment - They were sent to you as a PBA supporter for endorsement.
Kindly send your views and endorsement to Dr. Qasem (GK-Savar) after you
have read it in detail.
Regarding your circulating it within WHO - it may be better to wait till
the endorsement procedure is over and all the pha participants have had
a chance too respond to the document. These were drafts. When the final
one's are ready you can then circulate it after your return in January.
All the best. Keep in touch
sincerely
Ravi. CSC
ph fl _fZcro|
1 of 1
11/29/01 3:19 PM
loti
11/30/01 3:13 PM
DAl'E FOR fectfindine team to Waraneal
Subject: DATE FOR factfinding team to Warangal
Date:: MOOWv 2001’14:1236 T0500"
To; sochara'&lvsnl.coni, nitv68©.vsnl,coni. creindf5>hd2,dot.net,iii. thanal®md4,vsnl.net,in,, suadygflStvsnl.cQjn.
davilluri_v((gyahoo.com,‘tldheiinai^ivgiil.net‘bjcri@!V8ill.coin,‘bittii8^igal^vgril.coin
THE. TENTATIVE DATES FOB. THE. FACTFINDING TRIP IS 19TH-22ND DECEMBER, NOT
NOVEMBER. I APOLOGISE FOR THE MISTAKE.
PLS, DO LET US KNOW ASAP ABOUT TOUR AVAILAEILTY ON THOSE DATES.
HANKS
•
Ldhu
'-Date.- wed, 28 Nov 2001 17:15:31 +0500
>To: sochara@vsnl.com, Nityanand Jayaraman, creind@hd2.dot.net.in,
thanal@md4.vsnl.net.in, spadre@vsnl.com, davuluri_v@yahoo.com, Toxics Link
Chennai
>From: Madhumita Dutta <mdutta@vsni .net?
>Subject: factfinding team to Warangal
>Cc: tlmumbai@vsnl.com, bittusahgal@vsnl.com, bjcn@vsnl.cor.
>X-Attachments: C:\My Dociments\madhu\Background for factfinding team to
Warangal.doc;
>Dear Dr Ravi Narayan, Nity,Jayan, Shree Padre and Dr Venkateswarlu,
>To investigate the recent pesticide exposure deaths in Warangal, AP,
Toxics Link and Centre for Resource Education, Hyderabad is planning to
form a factfinding team. I am attaching a background note prepared by Mr
Narshima Reddy, CRE on the same explaining the objectives and outcomes of
the factfinding team, dates etc.
>Please get back to us ASAP with your inputs and comments and whether
you
ill able to join the team. We are trying to raise funds to cover your cost
f travel and expenses during the visit,
t
?cheers
>ffiacihu
Ma dhlimits Dutta
Central Coordinator
Toxic' Link
H 2 Jungpura, New Delhi 110 014
Phone: + 91 11 4320711, 4328006
Fax: +91 11 4321747
email: mduttaPvsnl.net
K».-. [PHA2001] Ftyplb >. Health Mcvti'iit'aT
Subject: Re: [PHA2001] People's Health Movement
Date: Fri, 30 Nov 2001 13;43; 14 +0000
From: pamzinkin <pamzinkin@gn.apc.org>
Reply-To: PHA2001@yalioogroups.com
To: PHA2001@yahoogroups.com, PHA2001@yahoogroups.com
Dear Qasem and Maria
This is what I would like to do as well. I will add UPMRC comments, but I
have not seen any others.
The hurry is that we need to have copies for our meetings on 4th and Sth oj
December.
Pam
At 08:40 PM 11/29/01 +0000, marham_990yahoo.com wrote:
>Dear Qasem, et al,
>We have reached the deadline for people to react to the proposals
>made by the group that met in Savar in October,
>1 have read acme comments, but am not clear on how many people have
>responded.
>Given that we have an important meeting coming up here in just a few
-■'days with PHA participants and movement people from Latin America,
>along with Andrew Chetley from The Exchange, I wondered if we might
>go ahead and share the structural ideas about how PHM. could function
>in the future.
>Please advise Qasem. We want to respect the consultation process,
>but now we must get on with our future plans.
^Greetings to all of you out there.
>Cheers,
Maria
>To unsubscribe from this group, send an email to:
>PHA2001-unsubscribe@yahoogroups .com
>/our use of Yahoo! Groups
Pam Zinkin
pamzinkin@gn.apc.org
45 Anson Road
London 717 OAR
is subject to http://docs . yahoo. com/info/terms/
fax:44
tel:44 (0)20 7609 1005
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1 o£2
lie: [PHA2001] ■tuple s Heullh Mweuua
12/3/01 11:09 AM
Re
x w»». x , i> jv rsov 2uvi vs:zu;14 +U?3Q
From: "K, Knlpana and M Balaji Sampath" <kb@,eth.net>
wwwjiidind w -c»ep--
-Io:
bear Friend,
We had promised to send you newsletters about our work once every month but this newsletter comes to you after a whole year and we apologize for
this. Now there is a new team of volunteers in Chennai and we are better
organized. Hopefully will be able to keep our promise of sending an update
once a month regularly.
This newsletter - covering a year's work and also introducing TNSF to some
of the new members - is a bit long.
The regular newsletter which will come
out once a month will be much shorter.
Since many members on this list are
from Chennai, one column of the newsletter will focus on activities in
Chennai.
For some ot you who are new to TNSF (dr those who have forgotten us during
this long silence), below we start with a short introduction to the TNSF
before describing the activities of ths previous year. We are also updating
out website and moving it to a new location. We will send you information on
this as soon as it is done.
That will provide you with a lot more
information about our activities.
Thank you for your support and good wishes.
^j^-aji Sampath and Chandra Anil
The J?eqple
.Science .tdciKaMent _.
Movements are about ideas - ideas that shape society and change the way we
live and think. Our freedom struggle .showed us how colonial rule was making
us dependent and weak.
It showed us the strength we had within us to free
ourselves. Democratic, Socialist and Women’s movements have also changed the
way we think and live. Building on this heritage, the Science Movement, adds
a new dimension to these progressive ideas - a critical understanding of
science.
The 20th century has made the role of science and technology central to how
society works. Not just in production, economics and war, but also in
shaping public opinion, in defining culture, in politics, in music, in
government, today science plays a major role.
Though it is easy to see how
science impacts society, it is harder to see how society impacts science.
does society decide what a Newton sitting under an apple tree is
thinking?
It is easy to see how vested interests’influence politics arid economics.
It
is harder to see this in science. Even in Newton's time, prevalent social
ideas influenced the way science was done. This is much more true today,
when science is no longer an individual pursuit. Science is a social effort
funded and directed by governments.
Why does Nuclear Research get more
attention than Bolat Energy? who decides that the science of weapons needs
more money than the science of agriculture? Why should government subsidize
research that benefits only the rich? Why must we pour money into big dams
instead of on local water harvesting efforts? These are questions of social
choice and they decide what science is done.
11730701 2:26 PM
1 ot ?
[’taf-fiieuds] Tins Year in illiir and m mlruduirliun fur new members...
ITnsf-
He have^a sav in what science is done !
Long ago, it was felt that ordinary people needn't worry about government
and politics - it was best left to kings. Today it is felt that science
policy and research is best left to governments and scientists. Science
affects all of us. ordinary people should have an informed say in deciding
1~
hnw
WtlV
Ttn*
■<-, t-Xo
»'
-uienre Movement - analyzing policies, educating people and mobilizing
public opinion on issues.
We do more than just critique state policy.
We also develop alternate models in literacy, education, health, enterprises
and agriculture.
Through these models we attempt to restructure science and
technology so that even the poorest can use science - so that people depend
less on specialists who exploit. Training teachers to use innovative
teaching methods, training village women to use health information, training
farmers to experiment and use science to improve soil - this then is the
second agenda of the Science Movement. These programmes mobilize the poorest
and put into practice the promise of science - improving living conditions
of people.
Creating a Scientific Culture.
Thinking critically about science policy, using science in our daily lives
and not getting fooled by superstitions - this requires a rational society.
Explaining natural phenomena using science, countering harmful irrational
beliefs and increased scientific awareness one hopes will lead to a more
rational society. Creating a scientific culture is the third agenda of the
Science Movement.
Thinking Globally and Acting Locally
Our strength lies in our ability to campaign on larger policy issues while
fet the same time demonstrating how these ideas actually improve the lives of
The poor.
Our strength lies in our volunteers - working people who spend their spare
time helping in schools, visiting villages, organizing programmes, training
and raising funds.
A democratic structure ensures a participatory organization - volunteers see
that they have a say in how things are done and therefore become more
committed.
>From the pages of our history...
TNSF was started by a group of scientists from IIT and IMSc in 19BQ. By
1937, we were critiquing science policy, organizing science lectures,
bringing out a Tamil children's science magazine, working with teachers on
science education, doing slide shows in villages and publishing popular
science books.
Out members were scientists, insurance and bank employees
and teachers from cities and towns.
^Then the science movement discovered street theatre (Jatha) as a tool for
social mobilization, and all over the country we organized village Jathas on
a number of social issues - water, health, literacy, education, employment
and gender. The response - tremendous! But when people came to us expecting
solutions, we had very little to offer!
He knew how chemicals destroy soil
fertility - but we didn't know how to actually create a viable alternative!
11730/01 2:26 PM
2 6f7
[Tusf-frieuds] 'lias Year m THSF and au mlrvdurliuu fur new members...
It was now time for us develop and demonstrate alternatives.
>jrroa talking literacy to actually doing literacy...
He developed the mass literacy campaigns, coined the word Arivoli and pushed
the government into adopting this as the strategy for literacy. 1989-95 TNSF was synonymous with literacy. In 8 districts we mobilized and trained
people and organized literacy classes. In each district we reached 2000
villages, mobilized 20,000 teachers and 200,000 learners. Most volunteers
and. learners were women. In anti-arrack agitations, learn-cycle campaigns,
employment programmes and credit networks, women participated in large
n'JmtSfi?: T11S 18C21 YSStSd IntSESStS iGllGGr SuGpE, iuuiisy ItiiuerS, quarry
contractors) and even the government felt threatened.
The Govt-TNSF
• = = •«-’ -
r -J
s>’’i lad o’j+- '“■t th© lihoranv namnaians .
ITr
"After literacy, what ?’’
easy answers - each district tried its own experiments.
Kaiiy'dkiiiuiiL j. iiiu V ir uuLiilagaL built aelr-LellSi’i l wGSiSfi’S iietwOLtiS afijLifiu
savings and credit.
These networks now have 40000 v/omen who have together
saved Rs. 2 Crores 1 Ramnad and Vellore started a health programme - training
village volunteers to provide individual advice on children and women's
health needs. Madurai experimented with enterprises for women, Pudukottai
with quarry contracts for women's groups, Villupuram and Cuddalore with
school drop-outs, Vellore with an activity based school and Ramnad with a
support shelter for women victims of violence. Lots of experiments - some
worked, many failed. Just like life evolved, ideas that worked began to
spread.
And this bring us to the present...
We are now integrating and expanding the ideas that have worked.
Self-reliant women's savings groups, community health programmes, libraries
for women, rural IT centers, innovative teaching methods - are all ideas
that we taking to new blocks. These block programmes demonstrate how science
can be used by ordinary people, they demonstrate how even the poorest can
plan their own development. These efforts also strengthen our ability to
fight larger policy issues. Most importantly, these programmes save
thousands of children from malnutrition, from dropping out of school,
empower lakhs of women with credit and with enterprise and health skills and
hejp farmers improve their soil and their,yield.
These village programmes require corresponding work at the city interacting with officials, writing reports, preparing training materials
and arranging funds.
He need volunteer teams who can work on these. The
Friends of TNSF was formed to create a space for this - small but sustained
efforts to support a block. Financial support is the easiest way to start,
but soon this can expand to an active linkage with the block - visiting and
providing other kinds of support.
This Year in TNSF
People’s Health Assembly
This campaign mobilized 2000 organizations, reached 30,000 villages in 1000
blocks across the country - demanding Health for All. Five cartoon books
presented our collective thinking on health issues. The books analyzed the
failure of the existing health system, the changes that were needed and
highlighted the need for a perspective that sees gender equality, education,
employment and sanitation as necessary in ensuring health. The books translated into 9 languages - served as basic campaign material. The
campaign focused on the role of globalization in worsening the health status
3
of 7
11730/01 2:26 PM
[In?f-K«ids] This Y eur in TNSF und un nihvduvlivn fur new members...
ol 'tne poor.'C’iTiage lievfi’i enquiries into ’neaTtn status, iarrowed'ey
dialogues with the Govt health department were organized in many districts.
A People's Health Hatch to monitor the Govt has helped improve the
utiliaation of health services.
The 8-month village level campaign, with rallies and state conventions in 20
states, culminated at Calcutta with 2000 delegates from all the districts
attending the 2-day National Health Assembly and adopting the People's
Health Charter. 300 Indian representatives then proceeded to Dhaka for the
International PHA - 1500 people from 93 countries participated.
This unique
event reiterated the government responsibility in ensuring that health care
reaches the poorest and the weakest sections. This is particularly important
in the current context of reduced government spending on health, education
and social programmes. A video on the PHA is available.
Arogya lyakkam
This programme reaches 5 lakh people in 500 villages in 10 blocks. In each
village, a trained health volunteer records the health status of children
and advices mothers on feeding practices and diseases.
She ensures that
ITns
. *UV4<..4.11 J-. > X
I 4 UOU'X1^ U.O t-CKlWU U.««C= '-II.UXULCU
11 'U £J X d 'J
i. ' V X '-4
simple curative services and maintains a village medical kit. She also helps
the Govt nurse in immunization and antenatal care. A full-timer at the block
trains and supports 10 such volunteers. A recent impact study found that 30
* more children in these villages improved because of the programme. This is
a very significant iaprovanent - and a number of agencies like the UNICEF
have taken serious note of this approach.
There is now a demand to expand
the programme to new blocks and to other states.
Savings, Credit and Enterprises
Foilowing the models developed .by Kanyakumari and Virudhunagar districts,
other districts have started self-reliant women’s savings groups. The Arogya
lyakkam programme also helped create these in several blocks. Apart from
easier access to credit, these groups also help women start enterprises. In
many district in the last one year several small scale industries have been
started - all run by women.
Sandal Soaps, Fruit Jam, 'Computer Sambrani',
Fhenyl, Nutrition mix, paper bags, envelopes and covers, screen printing,
ready made garments - the list is long. Hany of these enterprises are still
in their infancy.
Product quality is very good and the cost is much less
than market rates. But without funding and advertisement, it requires a
committed people's marketing network to sustain this effort. Most of the
selling is done locally, but we can help by selling some of the products in
cities as well - to help do contact us.
Health, Savings and Enterprises are part of a larger plan for a women's
movement. The plan includes libraries, work based continuing education,
(support shelters and legal aid for victims of violence.
Agriculture PrO-Cirammes
In a dry wasteland in Sedapatti landless women improve soil fertility
through fast growing trees. They then plant mango trees and use toot zone
methods to reduce the water needed. Still experimental, this has the
potential to develop wastelands in south Tamilnadu - providing employment to
lakhs of people. In Ramnad an innovative tank based water management
programme has just, been initiated.
The impact of our first tank renovation
programme in Pondicherry was so dramatic, that the government has asked us
to lead the tank renovation efforts in the whole area. A soil fertility
module has also been developed where bio-fertilizers replace chemicals.
These efforts together form an integrated package on water, soil and crops
that not only help poor farmers, but also make our life
4
11730/01 2:26 PM
ot'7
ITnsl
[liirfdhwidzj Tins Year izr TH3E utid mimlrududwu for new members...
environment-irieridiy.
Basic Education
The Thulir School in Latheri and the Won Formal Education centers for child
labour in Sivakasi S. Kanchipuram have been continuing. Villupuram's
Universal Primary Education programme ensures school enrollment and provides
support classes to help the weaker children. Aruna’s recent study of the
Govt dpep will help us plan a larger education intervention.
Teacher-networks in several places have been strengthened by Vizhuthu -a
teacherjs magazine.
Information Technology
IT is affects out"lives'is a'big way -'but the poor miss out on this
revolution. Two reasons for this - access and appropriate applications. In
our small way, we develop applications for the poor - in tamil. Peat and
soil packages for farmers, software on animal husbandry, hand-pumps, health,
educational opportunities and accounting packages for small savings
networks.
We are developing educational software for schools and have
started 20 computer education and information centers in rural areas. This
was possible thanks to the Association for India's Development and people
lik* Eundaiz B^laautyAn who havw hwwn donating
Helping coordinate tne errorts.
Environment
paste and alc,a
leading a campaign against the use of non-recyclable plastics.
’■Uv’jajitw rGvirgwww
A'l'T CnriKuu
This December Science Movement activists across the country will meet at
Chennai to share experiences and to plan for the next two years. This 4-day
event will give a flavor of the nation-wide science movement to new
volunteers and also train activists on a number of field programmes health, education, science communication, women’s empowerment, agriculture,
environment, etc.
Science popularisation & Science Education
12 Thulirs, 6 Jantar Mantars and a number of new science books were
published.
Statewide Thulir, JM quiz programmes and the Children’s Science
Congress were conducted. A science education campaign on sunspots was
organized. In several places science clubs have been running and a 3-day
Children's Science Festival in Chennai was organized in June. Teacher
training programmes were also organized in several districts.
Campaigns
Apart from the PHA, we have been active in the anti-nuke campaign and in the
recent campaign against introduction of B.Sc. Astrology in colleges.
The
UGC’s introducing B.Sc in Vedic Astrology as a legitimate course has
appalled thinking people everywhere. A belief in astrology is a matter of
.individual choice. But state funding to legitimize it as a science cannot
rbe allowed - so we launched a campaign against this decision and have been
educating people about ths issue.
Activities in Chennai
We have a lot of new activities to report. The children's science festival
at Olcott School generated a lot of new ideas in mathematics, physics and
geography. Kids loved the sessions on origami, chemistry, drama, painting
5
11730/01 2:26 PM
o’f 7
[Tiisf-friends] This Y«ur in TN3F und uu iufruduclivn for new members...
as 1ai3ti ’me magic’snow ahd'tne1 live sriaxe' aemd ny sriaxd- pdrx.
Working with School Children
JTaramani branch is running a library cum tuition center for 70 children.
P^NSF-SCM is running a science club in Taramani. HCL-NM Rd Branch organized a
successful Metric Mela in T.T. Arasu School and runs a science and a maths
club in the school. HCL-Greams Rd Branch has started 3 science clubs - 2 in
Gopalaputam Girls High school and 1 in Sarada School. One of their
volunteers, Vijay, started a mobile library in T.Nagar. Students from Stella
Maris have been running a science club in Sewa Sadan. These clubs meet once
a week for an hour, try out- experiments using low-coat materials available
at home and think science - education and fun at the same time! In 10
schools
slide shows on nuclear weapons, followed by a painting
competition on "Peace, not War".
Working with Colleges
Stella Maris organized a number of video and slide shows to sensitize
students on social issues.
Some students are developing educational
materials, charts and software for use in schools. Out IIT-Madras student
branch also plans to work with schools.
IT, ECO, NCSC, Books, Soaps
Valmiki Hagar branch has started a computer center for women in the area. He
now have 20 eco-clubs in the city. A teacher's workshop on the Children's
Science Congress was organized and many children have registered their
projects. He organized several book and toy sales - this needs mote focused
effort. For the coming month, we have planned teacher training and quiz
programmes• Se ate selling products made by poor woman - Sandal Soaps,
Washing Powder, Fruit Jam, Computer Sambrani. These products are cheap, of
nri quality and help village industries - you can also help by buying and
ITrrni
selling theqe products.
He Need Volunteers
I
You can start, a branch in your area and work with 'a nearby school
organize
education clubs and science festivals. It takes up very little tijne: 1 to 2
hrs/week io all you spare. As the group grows, you can expand your
activities, raise funds, work with a village, etc. Do call a meeting of your
friends and invite one of us to come and speak to you about it.
How Can I help ?
1. Make a donation. Post a crossed cheque payable to: Friends of TNSF to our
address .
2. Volunteer for one of our programmes
3. Visit a block/village and write a report about the programme - if
possible in a newspaper.
4. Form a branch - call your friends or office-mates for a meeting and
invite one of us for the meeting to disc-pas various options.
Friends di TNSF
taB!f1SC 1 e.n<~*e. .Forum....
EUiy/li, /Awaii Hlhanmugain U-ialiaii
Gqpal^purain, Chennai - 600086
Ftione: (0'4'4')'’ STI’dbjU'
k
9
6
Contact Persons
Chandra Anil (chandra@scmmicro.co.in)
Balaji Sampath (kb@eth.net)
of 7
11730/01 2:26 PM
[Tusf-fiieuds] Tins feurm TN2F cud im zilrvduirlivu for new members...
0
ITnst
PHA-Exchan§s> World Forum on Food Sovereignty
Subject PHA-Exchange-- World Forum on Food Sovereignly
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 11:42:06 +0100
From: schiftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Final Declaration of the World Forum on Food Sovereignty
Havana, Cuba, September Tf 2001
For the peoples’ right to produce food,
and exercise their food sovereignty.
feed themselves
We-some 400 delegates from peasant and indigenous organizations, fishing
associations, non-governmental organizations, social agencies, academics and
researchers from 60 countries met in Havana to analyze the reasons why
hunger and malnutrition grow every day throughout the world, why the crisis
in peasant and indigenous agriculture, artisanal fisheries and sustainable
food systems' has worsened, and why the people are losing sovereign control
over their resources. We gathered to collectively develop viable
alternatives for action on a local, national and global scale, aimed at
reversing current trends and promoting new policies that can guarantee a
hunger-free present and future for all men and women of the world.
Five years after the World Food summit, seven years after the agricultural
agreements of the Uruguay Round, and following two decades of the
application of neoliberal policies, the promises and commitments made to
satisfy the food and nutritional needs of all are far from being fulfilled.
Actually, the economic, agricultural, fishing and trade policies imposed by
the World Bank, IMF and WTO, and promoted by the transnational corporations,
have widened the gap between the wealthy and poor countries and accentuated
the unequal distribution of income within countries. They have worsened the
conditions of food production and nutrition of the majority of the world’s
people, even of some in the developed countries. As a consequence, the right
to food and nutritional well-being enshrined in the universal Declaration of
Human Rights, is not guaranteed for the world's poor.
The sustainability of food systems is not merely a technical matter. It
constitutes a challenge demanding the highest political will of states. The
profit motive has led to the unSustainability of food systems often
surpassing the limits on production imposed by nature.
The hope for a new millennium free of hunger has been frustrated, to the
shame of all humanity.
The real causes of hunger and malnutrition
Hunger, malnutrition and the exclusion of millions of people from access to
productive goods and resources are not a result of fate, of geographical
location or climatic phenomena. Above all, they are a consequence of
deliberate policies that have been imposed by developed countries and their
corporations to maintain and increase their hegemony within the current
process of global economic restructuring.
In the face of the neoliberal ideology behind these policies we affirm that:
■X)
gz
y. y
Food is not a merchandise and that the food system cannot be viewed
mainly according to a market logic.
*
The liberalization of international agricultural and fishing trade
does not guarantee the people’s right- to food.
*
Trade liberalization does not necessarily facilitate economic growth
and the well-being of the poor.
*
The underdeveloped countries are capable of producing their own food
1 of 4
.
Wvria fioa un r-.wd
erei^i J,
now and in the future if external constraints are lifted.
12/3/01 9:53 AM i
pt;
ine neoiiDerai concept ci
auvdHtdytj iwydUvwiy aiievca
food systems. The importing of cheaper food commodities leads to the
dismantling of domestic production and the reorienting productive resources
towavclo Gxpoi't otopa
tot' tho Pivot World markote ■
Peasant, indigenous farmers and artisanal fisherfolks are indeed
able to meet the growing needs of food production, intensive industrial
agriculture and fishing are ill-suited to solve the world's hunger problems.
Current efforts to privatize agricultural and fisheries natural
resources are steps in the wrong direction.
*
Privatization leads, among other, to massive migration to the cities
and abroad supplying cheap labor to corporations and exacerbating urban
unemployment.
*
Transnational food models being imposed threaten the diversity of
peoples' food cultures.
*
Psyeinped countries use food, as a weapon. He recognize the efforts
of Cuba which, despite a four decades US blockade has managed to guarantee
the right to food for all of its people.
*
’ All of the above is taking place while we see a weakening of the
real participation of the rural population in the discussion and adoption of
public policies.
The consequences of neoliberal policies
*
Developed countries have reaped most of the benefits while the
peoples of the Third World have seen a growth of their external debt and
heightened levels of poverty and social exclusion. The international
agricultural market is cornered by a small number of transnational
corporations while dependence and food insecurity is the reality for the
majority of the rural poor.
*
A number of countries continue to heavily subsidize their export
crops giving no protection to small farmers who produce for the domestic
market.
*
Ueoliberal policies are promoting a process of forced
derurallzation.
Artisanal fishing communities have been increasingly losing access
to their own resources.
*
Hunger and malnutrition are growing, not because of an absence of
food, but rather because of an absence of rights.
But the eradication of hunger and malnutrition and the exercise of lasting
and sustainable food sovereignty are possible. We have seen in practically
every country countless examples of sustainable food production in peasant
and indigenous communities, as well as sustainable and diversified
management of rural areas.
In view of the foregoing, the participants in the Horld Forum on Food
Sovereignty declare:
1.
Food sovereignty is the peoples' right to define their own policies
and strategies for the sustainable production, distribution and consumption
of food. This sovereignty centers on supporting small and medium-size
producers; it respects farmers" own cultures and diversity and their own
forms of fishing and agricultural production in which women play a
fundamental role.
2.
Food sovereignty is primarily oriented towards the satisfaction of
the needs of the local and national markets.
3.
The rights, autonomy and culture of indigenous peoples is a
prerequisite for combating hunger and malnutrition as is the recognition of
their right to autonomous control of their territories and natural resources
4.
Food sovereignty further implies guaranteed access to safe and
sufficient food for all individuals.
2 of 4
12/3/01 9:33 AM
> Ravi Narayan
> Contnimity Health Adviser,
.*►
tj.T
2 *A OesJ J
Re: PHA«Exchanae> Redunkma the terms of debates on Traditional MedicineSvstems
Subject Re: PHA-Exchange> Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional MedicineSystems
Date: Sun, 2 Dec 2001 08:06:06+0530
From: "Mathura P Shrestha" <enhrn@mos.com.np>
To: "Ted Greiner" <ted_^reiner@hotmail.coin>, <Jareenmm@tin.net.my>, <pha-exchange@kabiBsa.org>
"Madhulika Banerjee” <madhulikab@VBnl-.net>
Dear Madhulika
Thank you for your e-mail and for your interest in the research in
traditional and medicine.
However, the problem you mentioned lies not in concept, research or process
of traditional medicine. The key problem is the imitation complexes. Some
marketing practices used by the producers of so called traditional medicine
have adopted or copied those from the MWCs of so called liberal market
economy pushed by forces of globalization. In other words, they themselves
ate converts of MNC. They thus practice aggressive marketing and
promotions. They promote consumerism and are equally profit oriented. Like
any company these tend to glorify their products and put a lot of haloes
around their products. In addition, they mystify their products and reap
enormous profit out of ignorant consumers. Due to inherent weakness in
western medicine and failure to embrace holistic aspects, some companies
take Ayurveda and other formal or non-formal traditional systems as
alternative gold mines for their hunt for profit.
The questions of research in traditional systems is to be seen from a
paradigm different than that of western pharmacopeia. Traditional system is
to empower the people in all matters of health - from knowledge/information
to care. It is also to make them self reliant. Traditional health systems
try to cut barriers between the providers and users of health services.
Expertise and technological interphases too are to be as easily accessible
as their neighbors or counselors. Unfortunately this has not been so with
western medicine.
Similarly, the question of integration although looks nice on the surface
will not solve the problem because of inherent biases, political and
socioeconomic practices.
I think we need to open this important question for a greater debate. Wo
need to involve all especially the consumers and people in the debate. This
can hope to pet nearer to both the truth and solutions
We have to bring information, sciences, technology closest to people's homes
for the greater benefit as well to prevent misuse or harms out of these. He
have to work for the rights of the people and to protect the people from the
disinformation associated with advertisements, mystified glorification of
the products and processes.
With regards,
Mathura P. Shrestha.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
gabsites ht.t.Bl//ww.lifltg .kabisaa .■arq/mailmaii/liatinfo/pha-exchanga
PHA-Exchange> Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional MedicineSystems
Subject: Re: PHA-Exchange> Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional MedicineSystems
Date: Mon, 03 Dec 2001 03:55:54 +0000
From: "norman nyazema” <nnyazema@hotmail.com>
To: cnhrn@mos.com.np, ted_greiner@hotmail.com, kireenmm@tm.net.my, pha-exchange@kabissa.org ,
madliul ikab@vsnl.net
I could not agree with you more. Unfortunately you seem to have concentrated
mainly on herbalism, which is only but a part of traditional medicinal
practice. A system is also something very different. This may sound
semantic,
but
think
about
it
cloply when debating
about
renearch.
Cheers
Norman
>From: "Mathura P Shrestha" <enhrn@mos. com.np>
>To: "Ted Greiner" <ted_greiner@hotmai1.com>, <kireenmmPtm.net.my>,
Xpha-exchangedkabissa.org>, "Madhulika Banerjee" <madhulikab@vsnl.net>
>Subject: Be: PHA-Exchange> Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional
^^MedicineSystems
Sun, 2 Dec 2001 08:06:06 +0530
>Dear Madhulika
>Thank you for your e-mail and for your interest in the research in
>traditional and medicine.
>Sowever, the problem you mentioned lies not in concept, research or process
>of traditional medicine. The key problem is the imitation complexes. Some
Smarketing practices used by the producers of so called traditional medicine
>have adopted or copied those from the MNCs of so called liberal market
>economy pushed by forces of globalization. In other words, they themselves
>are converts of MNC. They thus practice aggressive marketing and
^promotions. They promote consumerism and are equally profit oriented. Like
>any company these tend to glorify their products and put a lot of haloes
>around their products. In addition, they mystify their products and reap
>enormous profit out of ignorant consumers. Due to inherent weakness in
>western medicine and failure to embrace holistic aspects, some companies
Abate Ayurveda and other formal or non-formal traditional systems as
^Alternative gold mines for their hunt for profit.
>The questions of research in traditional systems is to be seen from a
>paradigm different than that of western pharmacopeia. Traditional system is
>to empower the people in all matters of health - from knowledge/information
>to care. It is also to make them self reliant. Traditional health systems
>try to cut barriers between the providers and users of health services.
>Expertise and technological interphases too are to be as easily accessible
>as their neighbors or counselors. Unfortunately this has not been so with
>western medicine.
>Similarly, the question of integration although looks nice on the surface
>will not solve the problem because of inherent biases, political and
^socioeconomic practices.
>1 think we need to open this important question for a greater debate. We
>need to involve all especially the consumers and people in the debate. This
>way we can hope to get nearer to both the truth and solution.
<-l|u
12/4/01 10:26 AM
PHA-Exchange> Rethinking the terms of debates on Traditional MedicineSystems
>We have to bring information, sciences, technology closest to people's
Mornes
the greater benefit as well to prevent misuse or harms out of these. We
>have to work for the rights of the people and to protect the people from
>the
Misinformation associated with advertisements, mystified glorification of
>the products and processes.
->With regards,
>Nathura P. Shrestha.
>PEA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Soace for change in Africa
>Website:http://www.lists.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchange
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PH.A-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website:http://www.lists.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchange
f2
12/4/01 10:26 AM
Exchange> First adversary of PHA in Bangladesh
Subject: PHA-Exchange> First aniversary of PHA in Bangladesh
Date: Mon, 3 Dec 2001 09:22:32 +0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-cxchange@Kabissa.org
Dear friends,
It has been a year... Many good memories come back to those of us who
lucky to be there. The spirit and the consciousness that we were bein
of something important stand out in my memory.
The world has perhaps
for the worso
•few
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and the things wo
Dob MeUdf-HW Ar
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stand and
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fight
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for
aro perhaps
-UVlteiM
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organize and project ourselves to positions of greater power in our j
struggle for better health for all now. With the economic downturn th
is experiencing, millions more are going to count on us for our renew
activism. The PHA movement is alive and getting better organized. You
be hearing more about it shortly.
'Talk about this aniversary with others. Share your thoughts and exper
with us in this list (which is reaching 500 of you).
Best wishes
Claudio
Moderator)
Mk<-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA.-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website : http://ws. lists ■ kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchange
12/4/01 10:13 AM
:liange> Neoliberalism worldwide (1 of 2)
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Neoliberalism worldwide (1 of 2)
Date: Tue. 4 Dec 2001 15:05:17 +0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Ways in which Neoliberalism is Radically Redistributing wealth Worldwide
by Jeff Gates
(the author was once an official in the US Congress and then
ran unsuccessfully for
governor in Georgia as a Green).
1.
The bottom and the top.
As the US is the leading advocate for the neoliberal/WTO model of
globalization, the trends emerging in the US are instructive. The wealth of
the 400 richest Americans grew by an average of $1.44 billion each from
1997-2000, for an average daily increase in wealth of $1,920,000 per person
($240,000 per hour or 46,000 times the minimum wage). The financial wealth
of
the top 1% of US households now exceeds the combined household financial
wealth of the bottom 95%. The share of the nation's after-tax income
received by the top 1% nearly doubled from 1979-1997. By 1998, the
top-earning 1% had as much combined income as the 100 million Americans
with the lowest earnings. The top fifth of US households now claim 49% of
national income while the bottom fifth gets by on 3.6%.
In the 1970s, the average wealth of the 400 richest families was $200
million and the list included 13 billionaires. By 1986, the average wealth
was $500 million. By 2000, $725 million in wealth was required for admission
to a list where average wealth was $1.2 billion and the list included 274
billionaires.
Between 1979 and 1997, the average income of the richest fifth jumped from
nine times the income of the poorest fifth to roughly 15 times. The average
hourly earnings for white-collar males was $19 in 1997, and $19 in 1973.
These results reflect the key distributional principle embodied in
neo-liberal ism and in the present version of globalization.
2.
Democracies or plutocracies?
Today's capital markets-led development model is replicating US wealth
distribution patterns worldwide. For instance, 61% of Indonesia's stock
market value is held by that nation's 15 richest families. The comparable
figure for the Philippines is 55% and 53% for Thailand.
Worldwide, there's now roughly $60 trillion in stocks and bonds. If the WTO
succeeds in reviving the Multilateral Agreement on Investment, no
member-nation could impose conditions on cross-border capital flows. Even
without this, neoliberal rule-making will bring a future where a handful of
the world's most well-to-do will pocket more than 50% of that $60 trillion
in financial wealth. The neoliberal goal is for the forces of finance to
operate unimpeded by public policy.
3.
Producing for the common good or "skimming"?
Unsustainable production methods are now standard practice worldwide, due
Jargely to globalization's embrace of a financial model that insists on
maximizing net present value. That
richly rewards those who reap in gains and disregard external costs (such as
cleaning up the environment). Today's shareholder value-maximizing model
leads managers to embrace short-sighted manufacturing practices worldwide:
"Maximize financial returns and, trust us, everything will work out fine."
US money managers now invest relying on that mechanistic model. This
WTO-endorsed "money on autopilot" paradigm assumes that any increase in
numeric value automatically adds to the common good.
4.
Of the rich and the poor.
Today's version of globalization assumes that unrestricted economic flows
will benefit the 80 percent of humanity living in developing countries as
well as those 20 percent living in
12/5/01 9:39 AX
1’11A-Ev’hange> Neoliberalism worldwide (1 of 2)
developed countries. Yet UNDP reports that 80 countries have per capita
incomes lower than a decade ago; sixty countries have grown steadily poorer
since 1980. In 1960, the income gap between the fifth of the world's people
living in the richest countries and the fifth in the poorest countries was
30 to 1. By 1990, the gap had widened to 60 to 1. By 1998, it had grown to
74 to 1. Meanwhile, the world's 200 wealthiest people doubled their net
worth in the four years to 1999, to $1,000 billion (165 of the 200 live in
OECD countries). Their combined wealth equals the combined annual income of
the world's poorest 2.5 billion people. Three billion people presently live
on $2 or less per day while 1.3 billion of those get by on $1 or less per
day. With the global population expanding 80 million each year, World Bank
President James Wolfensohn cautions that, unless we address this imbalance,
30 years hence we could have 5 billion people living on $2 or less per day.
UNDP further reports that two billion people suffer from malnutrition,
including 55 million in industrial countries. Current trends suggest that in
three decades, today's version of globalization could create a world where
3.7 billion people will suffer from malnutrition. UNDP's assessment is that:
"Development that perpetuates today's inequalities in neither sustainable
nor worth sustaining."
In the 7 years since the passage of the North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA), 33,000 US farms with under $100,000 annual income have disappeared
-a rate six times steeper than the pre-NAFTA period.
During those seven
years, farm income declined (in the US, Mexico and Canada) and consumer
prices rose. Over that same period, the giant agri-businesses who pushed
these policies reported record profits. Prosperity is not trickling down, as
the assumption underlying globalization goes --it is trickling up.
5.
Of oligopolies and monopolies.
Prior to the dot-com companies collapse, Wired Magazine projected
Microsoft's Bill Gates would become a trillionaire by March 2005 and, by
March 2020, a quadri 11ionaire (a million billionaire). We can look forward
to a future where a single person could have more financial wealth than
his/her entire generation combined.
From 1983-1997, only the top five
percent of US households saw an increase in their net worth, while wealth
declined for everyone else.
While the global economy grows 2 to 3% each
year, transnational firms typically grow 8 to 10% annually. The 200 largest
firms account for 28% of global economic activity while employing less than
one-quarter of one percent of the global workforce. The wave of cross-border
megamergers is fast concentrating economic power in megacorporations.
6.
Climate change.
We must add to today's fast-widening economic gap the fact that industrial
nations (located mainly in Northern temperate zones) are primarily
responsible for the ongoing loss of natural capital elsewhere in the world.
In its July 2001 report, the International Panel on Climate Change confirms
that relentlessly rising global temperatures --due primarily to fossil fuel
use in the world's 30 most developed economies-- are going to create
catastrophic conditions worldwide. Agricuture, health, human settlements,
water, animals --all will feel the impact on a planet that's warming faster
than at any time in the past millennium: the poor of the world will be the
hardest hit. With 4.5% of the world's population, the US accounts for 25% of
the CO2 emissions that contribute to global warming.
(contd)
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2 of 2
12/5/01 9:39 AM
change-'' neoliberalism worldw ide (2 of 2)
Subject: PHA-Exchange> neoliberalism worldwide (2 of 2)
Date: Tue. 4 Dec 2001 15:06:34 +0100
Front: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
(coned)
7.
When health clashes with wealth.
The financial benefits of globalized production practices are reaped
predominantly by a financially sophisticated few while costs are usually
passed on to the public. For instance, there's
now 75,000-plus man-made chemicals in use worldwide; all end up somewhere.
Where? More than 500 measurable chemicals are found in our bodies (they were
not in anyone's body
before the 1920s) probably causing a range of adverse health effects.
'Civilized' governments have rules that imprison those who cause intentional
harm to others. Yet WTO rule-makers object if lawmakers propose sanctions
on managers who dump known carcinogens into the environment. To date, the
WTO has ruled against every environmental and conservation law it
has reviewed, dismissing each as a "non-tariff barrier."
8.
Of free-trade, protectionism and debt.
OECD nations channel $326 billion a year in subsidies to their own farmers
while (a) restricting agricultural imports from developing countries, and
(b) insisting that debtor nations repay their foreign loans in foreign
currency, which they can earn only by exporting. According to a World Bank
study, the elimination of import barriers against textiles, sugar and a few
other key exports of developing nations would raise their export earnings by
more than $100 billion a year --enough, if those restrictions had been
removed since 1982, to repay all debts presently owed. In other words, the
richest nations have insisted that poor nations pay debts, but have refused
the entry of goods offered in payment.
In 1999, leaders of the G-8 nations announced the debt reduction initiative
for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries, aiming to cap debt servicing for each
of the world's 41 poorest countries at 15-20 percent of export earnings. So
far, these measures remain poorly enacted and results are yet to show real
impact.
9.
Of tax payers and tax evaders.
Financial experts report that roughly $8,000 billion of the wealth of the
rich is hidden in tax havens worldwide, ensuring that many among the most
well-to-do can benefits from globalization without incurring any of the
costs. If WTO rule-making identified the owners of that $8 trillion, held in
an estimated 1.5 million offshore corporations, this could generate $280
billion public revenue each year. That's 165 times the current budget for
all UN development programs, or 93 times the UN's annual expenditure for
peacekeeping operations. That's enough to build 140,000 schools at $2
million a piece. That's also the bulk of the $300 billion that environmental
researchers report would be required to "save the planet."
10.
Warfare or welfare?
UNDP identifies six core ingredients as minimal conditions for a decent
life: safe drinking water (1.3 billion people lack access to clean water),
adequate sanitation, sufficient nutrition, primary health care, basic
education (one in seven children of primary school age is out of school),
and family planning services for all willing couples. UNDP calculates the
ongoing cost at $35 billion each year. That's about what the US spent in
1999 to maintain its nuclear readiness. For the world community to bear the
annual cost would require 1/7 of 1% of global GDP. The US
typically contributes roughly 0.09 percent of its GDP to foreign aid. Every
let fighter sold to a developing country costs the schooling of three
million children. The cost of a submarine
denies safe drinking water to 60 million people. The current US defence
12/5/01 9:39 AM
1’1 1A-I:xchange> neoliberalism worldw ide (2 of 2)
budget tops $343 billion in annual outlays. According to FAO, more than
35,000 children die each day from conditions of starvation.
11. To add insult to injury, globalization is leading us from a world of
diverse cultures to a monoculture.
12.
Of markets, democracy, personal and financial freedoms.
To equate markets with the expression of the common will of people is
misleading, even deceptive. Markets don't respond to people, but to people
with money. Private enterprise is
based on the sanctity of private property as a bedrock component of Western
democracy. Yet for its legitimacy, private property depends on concentrating
ownership in a way that endangers both
private enterprise and democracy. In the US, unlimited personal cash outlays
equate with the right to unlimited free speech and being elected to office.
Both markets and democracies are based on the principle that people should
have an influence on forces that have an influence on them. Today's economic
model would strike Adam Smith, the father of free enterprise, as a freak of
free enterprise. He assumed that financial capital would
remain in the country where it originated. As we've discovered,
over-reliance on today's neoliberal model is at the cost of lack of social
effectiveness, lack of civil cohesion, lack of cultural diversity and
environmental unsustainability.
13.
Of job-holders and wealth-holders.
Industrial entrepreneurs pit the employed in the North against a global
labor pool, so capital gravitates to wherever labour costs are lowest. Such
labor-cost savings abroad show up back in the North as weakened consumer
demand and record-breaking consumer debt. The pay gap between top executives
and production workers in the 362 largest US companies grew from 42:1 in
1980 to 475:1 in 1999.
14.
Of education and incarceration.
Since 1980, US prison outlays have increased at a pace six times faster than
that for higher education. States spent roughly $25 billion on prison
construction during the 1990s while annual operating costs for state and
federal prisons totalled roughly $30 billion. In 1973, the US imprisoned
350,000 people nationwide. By early 2000, the prison population exceeded two
million or roughly 687 people per 100,000 (6,926 per 100,000 for
African-American men). Europe-wide, the imprisonment rate is 60 to 100 per
100,000. Florida now spends more on corrections than on colleges. California
spent ten percent of its 2000 budget on prisons. On a typical day, one of
every three African-American men ages 20 to 29 is either in prison, in
jail or on probation/parole. 76% of African-American 18 year-olds living in
urban areas can now anticipate being arrested and jailed before age 36. In
1865, African-Americans owned 0.5 percent of the nation's net worth. By
1990, their net worth totalled 1%.
15.
From myth to reality.
Today's neoliberal-dominated perspective on progress insists that
globalization has helped the US achieve two decades of unprecedented
financial prosperity. Yet social, fiscal, cultural,
political and ecological indicators confirm that the world's richest nation
is experiencing a steady 20-year decline across a broad array of key
quality-of-life indicators, and in numerous
living systems.
Jeff Gates
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2 of 2
12 5/01 9:39 AM
1'1 l.\-l \change> Thanks to Claudio
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Thanks to Claudio
Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 15:42:53 +1030
From: Fran Baum <fran.baum@flinders.edu.au>
To: pha-e.xchange@Kabissa.org
Dear Friends
I would just like to thank Claudio for his inspiring words. Frank Tesoriero
and I were sharing our memories of the PHA yesterday when we realised that
a year ago we were at GK. It was an inspirational meeting and a great
achievement that so many of us were able to come together and discuss our
ideals for a world in which the struggle for health could be advanced and
the dreams of better health and more equitable distribution of health
throughout the world realised. Like Claudio I feel it is true that our
dreams seem to be further away than ever. But the only times I can feel
more optimistic for the future are when I feel the solidarity of friends
and colleagues around the world. Then I know I am not a mad lonely voice!!
So this list helps in reducing feelings of both loneliness and insanity!!
So thanks Claudio for reminding us of the dream of the PHA!
Best Wishes to everyone on the list for a merry festive season and a more
optimistic, healthy and equitable new year!
Best Wishes
Fran Baum
Professor and Head
Department of Public Health
Director, South Australian Community Health Research Unit
Immediate Past President, Public Health Association of Australia
Contact details
Mailing
Department of Public Health
Flinders University
GPO Box 2100
Adelaide 5001
Mobile 0412 354 598
Office 08 8204 5983
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I of 1
12/5/01 9:45 AM
PH A-Exchanee> Revisioning/Remissioning
Subject: PTTA-Fvcban<rg> I?wvT<inning/f?oTniccioning
Dale: Sun. 16 Dec 2001 10:52:57 -r0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
T o: <pha-ex change@kabi ssa. org>
Some food for thought again from Hanoi.
I am concerned about donors' transition from where they are now to
Wh.0**0
4-rx => =•
oc '"’Q S S 2.b 1 *2 to CSltch Un With th "2 21st
Ccn u iii y.
The emerging paradigms in development work are now focuseo on two main
approaches: on poverty alleviation and on human rights- based planning and
acting.
uie Only Way
QOiiOxS W-L-L.L
a.L-1.
j uii'ip
liiLU
cue
OdiiClwayOii Lewie
IL
IS
l-OO
late
(ana a new fashion comes riying by) is to ao as many ngus are now aomg:
holdina serious Revisionina and Remissioning Retreats at executive and
ooerationa"I
levels at
central
end
oerioheral
offices.
asx uueniseives:
How have we been part or the problem and not of the solution?
Then, a thorouah review of the new emeraina paradigms above has to be done
in rho Oman ■>'7 s+-1 on to qtflndflrriizp their Uhde r s t a nd i no of the
■For sll
conceptual details of both; they then have to
gee there and
agree on what it will tak
what new conuni uinents this will mean for the organization.
This is followed by a brain storm and final selection of the New
Vision the organization sets for itself for a five and a ten years
horizon ^strictly zcdresslno the ke,z Issues of the now o?.r?.d.loms ! '
.Agreemg on the objcctivcj zor c new mission bssed on the vision smved st
should then come easy.
The retreat itself, as an event, is crucial. It marks the breaking point for
the old paradigm. If not tackled as an acute event, changes will
Xmcer end re.de.
If well prepared, this can truly mark the beginning of a new era. A lot of
what has been discussed in this list server would come up in the
self-criticism.
Groups of committed consultants could specialize in the coming two
Claudio
PHA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
Tr>
>fl
.
wrifra
+-<-> •
DUL _T7yrh Anrro0 Vab i a sa . O
12/18/01 11:03 AM
L-'Exchanee> About Technical Cooperation (TO
Subject* PTTA-Fx<»h3nffp> About Tecbnic?,! Cooperation (TC)
Date: Suu, 16 Dec 2001 11:29:20 -0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To; <pjja-excuaugci2kdbissa.oig^
from: <Profitinafricatsaoi.com>
What TC looks like from a rural village resident's perspective:
k
a- sticjcer on
TC looks Irxe a Toyota Land Cruiser with a biy agency
the soars to announce wno funded the vehicle;
TC looks like a big sign on a compound
>
S-
»-> 7 a »*• o
f- <-?
▼-> s »-1-
~
n
c
r»ana>-,-)bz>r
k conditioners and refrigerators
> copying machines;
tea
1 i
a T'
inside a
7" t r&
i~V' a
rs ■» v
and a room with computers and
>
TC looks like people coming to the village to ask
> questions
sometimes very polite and correct
usually very
k Inclusive and airuyani.
with lots of questions and quesuionaiies;
TC never seems to ask about what is of priority and
mmorta nee no our cnmmiynitv. Wh^t- uro ppoH 7,c norzor on ths
> agenda or the Tr visitors.
>
>
t
TC people never seem to stay long enough to learn
>
> anything:
............
^/vzuxc 2-/cr'-z*-/-i-5=7
ucz_y
ca
routy
u.u.2itc?
.......
uucy
x><u <_
arc
k young and really do not have much understanding of the
k complexities of our life
and they never seem to know
> anything about our traditions and our values. We try to be polite,
"---- -------c---------t-
~ a o--------------’ r r.r’~ e>y- rk
v ------ora--- <r
r~l am —
anrl:
t, -j
n.
-----------Oj
---r\-------------------
Ma
H/~> ----r-i o>U
t" ------- - -
but
TMi’-----r'P' --------------------------m a b- o v* ■? q 1
resource, out tney Wcii’iu. us to use it in ways that make no sense to us. When
they go ir rakes us a long rime co get back to normal.
When we have the chance to talk to TC people it is clear
that they offer absolutely nothing that ?zlll make a difference In our
> rives. _tn xact it is or ten the opposite. They create a j.&Q2.t.j.iriacy foj~
> government, rules ana regulations that are very damaging to our
> community economy;
>
When we talk about the big government programs (funded
k by World Bank) and others they are more interested in money
k made from export crops than in crops to feed our families. Export
> crops mostly impoverish our community. We only grow them
> because t.ta government makes us. We have to use good land for
> these crops which could be batter used feeding cur people.
............ Credit programs
why do you make us buy a
complete pack of items in order to aet credit when we could buy
r.rher
j.ra
naarr
r,ot
harzp i~o throw out everything e 1 <rza.
Tt
>
Womens programs
the women are the backbone of
> our community. We (the men) have to listen to them. Giving them
12/18/01 11:00 AM
,-Exchanse> About Technical Cooperation (TO
> more oppox uunluy lo work when chey are already working
> enormously hard is maybe not a good idea.
Education
i- very good ....... hut most oh us
the cost of fees and uns-xorms ..... and the school is a
> long way away. Educating girls
OK
but most of the
> boys are not getting schooling either;
>
? Ccinnot-
>
x-
nrr9 *
........ Jvfc at- i d
. — —vr-.moTnf— ...j.
******** r.ra 7 7 .......
it difficult to travel by CiOiFig FiOti'ilFig about the xux'aJ ZOads which
iudK-LiiC
are awful;
then in tl'Q
To 1 ephone. electricity?
they hardly have
c'^'cs ..... do veu expect anything in rural areas?/
>
Health
it was getting better
> children could cet primary health care when UNICEF teams would
i7ei-ernmenr hoalt-.h nrr^rrr-Aw=? hpvo hoon getting worse and
*z
c* *•
** C* •—
, 4— » * v* O 1 7\ z-4
o
c
•
the
visit.
worse tr»r the past
>
U1V-A1VS
yes we know
but what can we
> do about it?
and what about behavior change?
well what
r-'h r> rr 7
-r'na-»-a are
rnrenmq .............. there j 5 child SOAcinn to
> reduce family size, but that is not "safe sex"
and we de need
> large families in our rural environment;
>
Any questions?
yes
why do TC people
and. urban oeerle come to our community and. tell us what to do,
out w2.^.x not
us to te^.1 theiu aloout our problerjiS aucl whiat we
> might be able to do to solve them. Though we may not be able to
> read and write, we have lived in this situation for many generations
and
we have learned a lot
we could learn more, but it would be nice to
Learn somett-fne thiat bias vaLue in our conuuunit'7 and in our situation.
> The above could go on
> Peter Burgess
1 hope 1 have been fair.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To cost, write to: PHA-Exchanqe@kabissa.orq
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f2
s . Vah i s
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12/18/01 11:00 AM
WA-Exchango State of the World’s Cities Renert 2001
Subject: PHA-Exchange> State of the World's Cities Report 2001
Dale: Suu, 16Dcc2001 11.36:54-^0700
From: "Aviva” <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: <plia-exchaiige@kabissa. org>
d's Cities Report 2001"
Center for Human Settlements
(Habitat)
it
Three billion people - nearly every other person on earth ive in ritiac. Today th<=> planet hosts 19 cities with 10 million
u mix.
bU pe:
he woric's population
(4.y billion out or 8.1 billion people)
wuixu s laxyesu cxuies. Dtiweeu i^ou alia z,uuu, iidyus, uuaKct, vaiio, iiaiijin,
Hyderabad and Lahore, among others, joined the list oi JU largest cities m
the world. Bv 2010, Laaos is projected to become the third largest citv in
the world,
Vw and Mumbai, Milan, Essen and I.nndnn will disannoar
aftr»r
:saka and P;
have
oowri
sxippea ra.
worldwide rate of urbanization (that is, the percentage, per
'‘
v . o
» V*
*—
———
. - — K—. —*
vux_y x;:y
wc vocc;i
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ax j.
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avuuux xc a
uu
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<u <-
0.3 percent for all highly industrialized countries.
Urbanization of poverty is a growing phenomenon; it is estimated that
between one-quarter and one-third of all urban households in the world live
PW-Exchange is hasted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
■
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12/18/01 10:57 AM
i \-Exchsnse> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
Subject: PHA-ExchHEge^ Nestle Nutrition institute for Africa
Dale: Suu, 16 Dec 2001 14:21:54 t0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
CC: "norman" <nnyazeniai@hotmail.com>
Dear Colleagues,
1 would appreciate if you could share tills email with everyone.
In the quote from Nestie's website they use the word ''nutrition" to refer to infant formula, i hey ciaim that one
of their formulas kills bacteria from contaminated water, and in a statement no doubt designed to further "the.
kuowledge and pure joy of eating good food," inform readers that "The formula is now available in southern
^and eastern Africa."
I do not see that anvthins in me statement below, apparently signed bv those NNI Board members who are not
tbnt artdresses these ^omts bevond referring to them as assumptions and allegations. The
statements in my emaii were quotes from the Nestle website.
The NNI functionaries ask that future questions be sent directly to an unnamed person associated with the
Institute, which no doubt would be preferable to messages like mine that go directly to the public.
Although I am aware of the desperate financial situation African academics may now find themselves in, it
is saddening to see some allowing their good names to be used by 'Nestle in its current efforts to exploit AIDS
hysteria to further its marketing aims in Africa.
I
I
’
I would point out to anyone else who believes that the Nestle Company is a charity, that its shareholders would
rightly not allow management to use its money for purely charitable purposes, even if they wanted to. Its job is
to make a profit and breastfeeding obviously cannot contribute. The NNI, on the other hand, is no doubt
expected to be a good investment in public relations.
^p.egards, Ted Greiner
Here is a quote revealing that Nestle misuses the word nutrition as a svnonym for their commercial products:
"The long term goal is to improve nutrition in southern and east Africa, in particular nutrition used in the HIV
vertical transmission programme through infant
formula." according to Ferdinand ITaschke, Nestle’s director of nutrition for southern and eastern Africa. Nestle
is now openly claiming that one of its brands of infant formula "kills bacteria from contaminated water. The
formula is now available in southern and eastern Africa."
//TirixTr’
CO -m
/T-x-1 K-iTr-xT-x fl-x-rliiiiy.':
Prior v|>.w,z.u^ ntim; uitor vp/ui
■Ci'ryryy c*
xiuriiv
<4 o
s <4 OT- ♦-x'l-x O r» 11 1». JDiAjk/; Krxxv/xx
«r4=Q /I D I’-nH
ru
r
5
r
d=ct20ulU«o219w333z2N252rit>z»<&set id=bl>) this is an obvious ploy to use unscientic arguments to
nromnte artificial feeding ttironnhont the Countries where water is commonly contaminated efforts which
public health experts and the international Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and relavaul World
Health Association Resolutions have frustrated for the past two decades."
-—Original Message Follows-—
*>
and affiliations ofl'TNT'
> Prof. Gabriel Anabwani, IviBChB, M Med (Paed), M.Sc. (Epid), Senior Consultant and Head of Paediatrics,
Of 2
iilpn
4A-Exciian2e> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
12/18/01 10:54 AM
Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone, Botswana.
nof. Ganapati Bhat, M.B.B.S, M.D, DCH, Head Department of Paediatrics &. Child Health, University
Teaching Hospital. Lusaka. Zambia.
> Prof. Peter A. Cooper. M.D. FC Paed (SA). PhD, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health. University of
fir ---- _-------------------------------------------------orin^cktrrt l-Tr»c*Aitn1 rohonnPQhnrcv
^Jnilth A friDQ -------- C.---- --- ------m.*^.**---------------------------
> Dr Chand Dnmah M R R S; MD (Paed). Consultant Paediatrician. Flacq Hospital. Mauritius.
> Ms. Jane Downs. B.Sc.: Post Grad Dipl Hosp. Diet. B.Sc (Hons) Diet.. Principal Dietician & Head of
UAIVXJ v. v;^c
J^■■■
» » MA X* wttt
» A-A-A X AV
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1 IV«1. X>VIJAj vOUvlt X ixilvw.
> Prof. Demetre Laba.darios, B.Sc. (Hons); MBChB, Ph D, FACN, Head, Department Human Nutrition, Faculty
or nealth Sciences. University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.
>
Dr. Joseph Kanuki Nlbuthia, MBChB; ML Nied, Chairman, Kenya Paediatrics Association, Gertrude's Garden
Children's Hospital. Medical Advisor/ Committee, 'Nairobi, Kenya.
> Dr. Precious Moioi, MBChB, DCH, General Practitioner, Women's Clinic, Sandion Medcare Centre,
Johannesburg. South Africa.
> Prof. Norman Nyazema. B.Sc. B.Sc (Hons). Ph.D, Department of Pharmacology. University of Zimbabwe.
Zimbabwe.
rf2
12/18/01 10:54 AM
HA-Exdianee> International Society for Equity in Health Newslet
SnhipcfTntarnatinnnl
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‘X ~'J ~in Health ~Newslet
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I>ate: Suu, 16 Dec 2001 17:23:13 -0700
From: ’’Aviva" <aviva@netnarn.vn>
Tu i <plia-cXCiidiigc@kabiSSd. Oi’g>
There is a lot to report about ISEqH activities since our
> fyi
last
> Newsletter.
y ?!o
Cor>r-«r-ii->o*• w
onm r.r«
a/
=» os
f.ent Secrets.r is.t lecateb. in.
Toronto, Sanacia. The roj.e oT the Secretarr&u rs uo coorbma ce cl-lj.
t
leis
o
activities ana carry out tne daily ousiness of the Society.
> The contact there is Monica Riutort; her email address is
> iseqh.exeefiutoronto.ca <mailto:iseqh.execdutoronto.ca> .
>
> ne are actively planning for our SECOND MEETING, TO BE HELD IN TORONTO ON
JUNE 14-16, 2002.
(visit our website for more information: wwtv.iseqh.org.)
> As a result of the successes of the Havana meeting last year, the schedule
of activities will be similar, but we will add some
additional workshens. Several excellent people have already volunteered to
organize workshops, which will be on topics such as the potential for
regional research collaborations, the particular role of health services in
imorovino equitv in health, and writing for publication.
> Our first issue of the International Journal for Equity in Health (IJEqH)
should be ready by early spring, it will be an ail-electronic journal, with
all sections or the journal tree to members ot the ISEqH. (Non-members will
be able to access the scientific articles free, but will have to pay for
c?r>a<'2> => 1
ctoi—4-<5 5UCb
■£ — - . "t 1 —
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signalled their intent to submit one or more papers within the next few
months. The Journal will be part of the family of journals published
electronically by BiomedCentra1 (see their website www.biomedcentral.com ).
Q-? wqdC2— rawill
so-r,d'’pq 2.2.2
a.pd contacts ? notico 2.tout thio
TiuIZcixI/ iz you would ZuLhci' tfiut wg didn’t qiVG th Gm youz numG, 1st uo Know.
> We have greatly appreciated the grants recently received from the Pan
American Health Organization (PAHO), the March of Dimes Foundation, the
^.ookof-o 1 l~r F0un.cl2.tLon, and the Soros Foundation. The grant from PAHO is to
prepare for uhG next mteirna t ional meeting in June 2002 and to assure that
che ISEqH website and ocher written communications are available in Spanish
> as well as in English. The March of Dimes Grant is earmarked for
encouraging participation in ISEaH activities for those working in maternal
and child health, especially perinatal issues. The Rockefeller grant is to
provide financial assistance to people from poor countries to participate in
ISEqH activities. The Eoros grant is to provide financial assistance to
oeoole from central and eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union to
participate in TSF.qH activities.
> AL Lhls Lime, we are urging you Lo do the following:
> - prepare a paper or papers to submit to the IJEqH. The uidelines for
formatting caters should be readv bv November
> _ thinlr about* abstraetc to cnbmi't
for tho Toronto mooting
(Ano January 4,
2022). Instructions will bo available on the ISEqH websito (www.iscqh.org)
soon
> - help in recruiting new members and attendees for the Toronto meeting.
please remember that there are several benefits of membership,
3f2
j A-Exchanae> International Society for Equity in Health Newslet
including
12/18/01 10:52 AM
'uhe following:
>reduced registration fee for the Society's international meetings
> - entire contents of Journal, without fee
> - updated bibliograohias
>
representation in the only open international society devoted to
> developing knowledge and its application to improving equity in health
- linkages with colleagues worldwide who share interests and commitments to
improving knowledge and its applicability to increasing equity in health
•-■S r? result Of the ''"'enerOSf. t’/ O— SO2ZIG
tj.h.Q wornharg
5v-»ine luOTlGy CO pay xOx the lueRiOex Siilp icc Ox individuals fiOIii developing
countries who are unable co afford co pay ic. If you know of anyone chac you
believe would fit in this category, please have them send me (by electronic
mail) a statement of why they are requesting subsidized membership and what
they have contributed or hope to contribute to the ISEcH as a member
> ive Iook forward to hearing from you with your reactions,
ideas.
>
> Barbara Starf’ ~Id IIP SIPH
thoughts, and new
> university Distinguished crufessur
> The Johns UopJcins Medical Institutions
- Fax 410 614 9046 - email bstarfie@ihsoh.edu
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
blebs it e; ht t n! / / '•rr-rr-.r. lists . ks.bi s s ?.. o ro/ icai Iman/ list info/ nha—ex chance
12/18/01 10:52 AM
.-Exchange> Hunger to Harvest Resolution passes US Congress
PIT 4_FvehQnrTp>
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Daie: Fii, 14 Dec 200i 17.55:49 -r-0700
From; "Aviva” <avivatfj)netnam vn>
a
O; <plia-cXCii3jQgc@k.<ibiSSd. Of
Hunger zo Harvest Resolution passes US Congress
.">• Uear E’rj.enHs o— jr^~rz.ca’
> US House of Representatives just passed the "Africa: Hunger to Har> vest Resolution" (H. Con. Res. 102). The companion measure passed the
> Senate last July (SConRes 53). The House has substituted the somewhat
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sent. Congress ivmn a 5—year and 10—year plan to reduce poverty and
> hunger in Sub-Saharan Africa.
> Tn his remarks on th** floor of ths House, Rep. Payne noted that pas> sage of this resolution signalled Congressional support the "Now
> Far tner ship fur African Development", the comprehensive. African-led,
> strategy Drought forward under the leadership of the Presidents of
> South Africa, Niaeria, Seneaal and Aideria.
> The bipartisan bill was introduced by Rep. Jim Leach (R Iowa) and
> Rep. Cion Rayne (D-’riew Jersey) . 154 other members Joined in cosponsor> ing the measure in response to a year-long national grassroots lobby> ing effort by Bread for the World members and partner organizations.
>
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> BILL SUMMARY:
*>
U
y/~r a y
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fl) the United States should declare "A Decade of Concern for Africa"
> and commit to increased levels of effective, poverty-focused develop.> went assistance to sub- Saharan Africa until significant progress is
niscfs t,cr.'is.22d —sve22sing cu—i'snt. IqvqIs of hungoL sp.d povo^hy
> (2) the President should work with the heads of other advanced indus> trial and sub-Saharan African countries, and with United States and
> sub-Saharan African private voluntary and other civic organizations,
> to increase development assistance to sub- Saharan .Africa;
> (3) Congress should undertake a multi-year commitment with other do> nors to provide the resources necessary to cut hunger by one-half in
> that region;
> (4) such funding should support both bilateral and multilateral pov> erty-focused development efforts; and
(5)
7
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r^tnr of
ths
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for
Tnt arn^< r 1 nn^ ?
DotCj.opmon^ should annually aubmrt to Congress a progress report.
WHAT'S NEXT?
of2
q A.-Exchanae> Hunser to Harvest Resolution passes US Congress
12/18/01 11:15 AM
-nxougnou rxsca; Year 2003 U.S. budget, cycle, Bread for the world
ana its coalition partners are determined to work with Congress and
tne Administration to begin to realize the goals of the Hunaer to
l
> ffe are also working with partners around the world to insist that in> creased long-term development assistance for Sub-Saharan Africa must
r‘S'’2~
of
T,7'~'ci r S v"’
a
r’Qiiv't —
> Thanks to everyone that continues to work on this campaign.
PHA—Exchange is hushed on Kabissa - Space foi change in Axxica
To post, write to: RHA-Exchangeljkatiissa.org
Website: htto://www.lists■kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/Dha-exchanae
pf2
12/18/01 11:15 AM
PH A-Exdianee> DAC Network on Poverty Reduction
\
SnF>>oct: PTTA-Fvf,hang<?> DAC Network on Poverty Reduction
Dale: Fri, 14 Dec 2001 17:35:56-0700
From: "Aviva" <avfva@netnam vn>
To: <pha-excliange@kabissa.org>
EVEN IF LATE CONSIDER APPLYING!!
Claudio
> DAC Network on Poverty Reduction
> Dear colleagues,
> Iseniuan and Stephanie Dalle at the OECD Development Co-opeiation Dl> rectorate on secondment from WHO to support the work ot the FOVNEI
> Subarouo on Povertv and Health.
> group on roveruy ana near uh is scheduled for 20 February 2001 at the
> OECD in Paris. This meeting will discuss the next drart ot the Report
> on Poverty and Health and a first set of reference papers prepared by
> S’-Lccrj?<?’_’?
Joe zncZuszon in
T2i€* s.vzn-dz. i‘.r2.U. b'Z dr—
> CUJ.ciZ3d 3£trZ.y ZFi uno ivcW YcrciZ" t OCT<31 Ji <527 WZ til tllo (>OC UrucTit 3 for dZ3C'J3
> sion.
> At recent meetings, Subgroup members emphasized the value of involv> j_ng psrZz.—r cozLnt.22i~s in current. sfforhs to produce guzd322.ee on 32.d
> fixSuGCtZ VerIiGS3 for pro poor heciLt-h. r'tc WOUJc* Lzhe^ therefore, to pj2O~
> pose invizing abouz zen developing country representazives zo par> ticipate in the next meeting.
?/£ izill rely on your e\zn netziorhs to identify potential participants
and wOUa.d oe grateful rf you couLd nommate personalataes who would
> mazen zhe following crizeria:
> Participants from both government and civil society who should coms jOzo.2 e22pertz.se z.n oc\rerty reduction and health and hazre 3 good uncisz* ■
> scanCij-iiu or Ziie j.z.'L<5 becw^eii aealzli outcomes and poverty reduction.
> in addition, they should De familiar with the key issues related to
> aid effectiveness. In considering potential participants, Members may
> c./7 ct?
i-ry
Ir^ary
i r>
mind
i-ha
no^d fnr
cr^nder
balance,
geographic
apread
> cential and local guveiiuueiit. Civil society should be undeistood in
> the broadest sense to include not only development NCOS, but also
> elected nationals and local officials, representatives from academia,
> 1nrnf&cctnnj?
-= e ^cr i a r i cr> a •. 1rrcrpj-c antarrri
cea .
1.
‘
•
and
rommunit^r nrcania
-1
> We would greatly appreciate it it you could provide a short profile
> of the participants you suggest explaining the rationale for their
>f2
jz\-Exclianae> DAC Network on Poverty Reduction
12/18/01 11:17 AM
•' selection di well di indicating their coordinates (e-mail, fax,
> phone, and address). This will greatly facilitate the final selection
> of participants and alternates.
d'GG2'i23a tZOZiu-i de'iu.ai'ids OZ aZZoHyZZiy c.llJ.3 jpcJZ'ui’iSZ’S.hZp’ Tiie&c.
J’ inc, we would like to receive your nominations before 10 December so
> that invitations can go out prior to the Christmas holiday.
> fours sincerely.
> Jean Lennock (Ms.)
> z, rue Andre Rascal
> 75775 PARIS CEDEX 16
+33-1 -/152/1 -Z 337
> rax: —33-i - 4430-'31 47
> mail to:Jean.LENNUCK@oecd. org
> h t to://www. oecd. orc/
> Tol;
> To send a message to AFRO-NETS, write to: afro-nets@usa.heaithnet.org
> To subscribe or unsubscribe, write to: majordomo@usa.healthnet.org
> in the body of the message type: subscribe afro-nets OR unsubscribe
e
LS
a -F
>
-o coniZciCu u >>c-273ori1r ssnci & inGssci5r& to: own&x'-Q^.bO'j'i£t3(2uSci.liScj.ltliri3t.oz'C/
Infoma.3ion and archives: heep://afronecs. org
u>IJS
1O pO5L.r
^3.— 2.° c' 3.
aS
vvZ’j.u.c
LG i
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Cnar'o
-f-ryi^
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r 11-1“ uXCiiaiiy G e AaO i. 55a . OI?y
website: nLzp://vr^:.iiszs.Kanissa.org/maiiman/iisrinfo/pha-exchange
12/18/01 11:17AM
.-Exchange* happy EidHari Raya
Subject: RlHA-Exchange* hanny Eid/Hari Raya
Date: Wed, 12 Dee 2001 10:27:08 +0800
From: secr@waba.po.mv ( World Alliance for Breastfeeding Action)
Oraaniynrion: WABA
To; PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
WABA would like to wish all Muslim friends a happy nid/Hari Raya for the coining holidays
rrom 10-15 i/ecemoer zuoi.
Our office will be closed and will re-open on Weds,
19 Dec 2001.
Deece and goodwill to all!
rp'«->d
a n 11 amr*e> +.or Breastfeeding Action (w a n a ) £5 q global
WABA, PO Box 1200, lu850 tenang, Malaysia
Tel: 604-658 4816 Fax: 604-667 2656 Email: secrSwaba.po.my
Website: www.waba.org.br
Website:www.waba.org.br
Dwa-txchano= is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
Tir>
DU&_Evr'hor
1^nRb-:E-i
— J----, rrvi+a
------ —.• ---—----- -.-2-^------OC_ — r\ VH
12/14/01 10:02 AM
12/14/01 10:04 AM
■Exchange* Dec 4 many thanks to all
Subject: PTIA-Fxchnnoe> Dec 4 many thanks to all
Ostc; Tuc 11 Dec 2001 15'56'54 +0000
From: Alifia CUakera <achakera^.oneworlciaction.org>
Eo’ ^hq_pvrliQnoiPz/7iVonicqq nr a
The conference rioalth for Zxll : Z- Question of Social Justice
wao
~s;:ta5Cj.C. Ku C luot fui the ulVfeidity ul 5p«cikt:l?5 but beCduoe Ox the
oreaacn of experience, knowledge, energy ana clear commicmenc co acnieving
’Health tor All’ by the participants.
It was a wonderful opportunity to share ideas, network and galvanize more
sunnort. ror* v.he PH& now +.he phm
audience Wa5 lut-xOduCed Che rnil Wi'ilCi'i 15 Vital lx We aie to Continue iai5e
our profile co strengthen our work.
For those who do not know, the themes of the day were divided roughly into
three areas looking at both domestic and global perspectives.
the impact of privatisation of health services
hex.uCi sCy,
Cl'vxx pcti tj. Cxpci tlOxi elld i lixiuenCe ill Shaping health.
In addition to all of us learning a great deal from each other a number of
useful actions were documented and the day fed into the PHM Europe meeting
on the 5th.
<2 nada availahia cr. ths PHM
copies (fingers crossed) wik
In addition special thanks to people making the trip from all over Europe
to London and all the many people who on the run up to the conference sent
in narticioant contacts, ideas for the working agendas, helned with
promoting the conference with the press (always tough) or made documents
available that I would ha.ve had trouble getting in time with ail my other
Vz'rri < I i
Please note programme for Dec 4 is still accessible on One World Action's
website and will be until the final report is out. www.oneworldaction.org
In solidaritv.
Register early for our conference Health for All: a Question of Social
justice. December 4, 2001
Speakers include : Rt Hon Alan Milburn, Professor Allyson Pollock of
University Colleae London and Karen Jenninas Head of Nursing at UNISON. For
full programme go to http://WWW.oneworldaction.org/
Z-
-L. f Ca
XT- A.
Ileaxth rOxlCy uffiCei
uiie World Ac cion Limited
Registered Office
12/14/01 10:05 AM
Exclianae> Dec 4 many thanks to all
white Lion street
London ni 9pf
http: //www. oneworldaction. ora/
Phone *44 (0)'20 7833 4075
Fax ■*•44 (0120 7833 4102
Company P.ecistraticn No. 2822893
One Korld Action works in Europe and with partner organisations in poor
countries to deteat poverty and to promote democracy and respect tor human
rights. Through such partnerships for change we are working for a just and
equal world.
tiff. Exchange is hooted on Kabiooa
Space for change in Africa
TO post, wilts CO. rHA-EXCiictuyeckabxood. 019
wed5i€e: ntup://www.lists.kanissa.org/mailman/'lisLinfo/pna-exchange
of2
12/14/01 10:05 AM
1A-Exchange> A Long Road io Travel: Declaration on TRIPS at Doha
Subject: PHA-Exchange> A Long Road to Travel: Declaration on TRIPS at Doha
Date: Mon, 10 Dec 2001 18:04:08 +0100
From: "Gopal Dabade" <dabade_pai@yahoo.com>
To: <pha-exclian.ge@kabissa.org>
Dear fripnds.
This is with referees to the article titled "A Leng Road to Travel: Declaration on TRIPS at Doha" by Dr.Amit Son Gupta.As far as
my knowledge and understanding goco both compuloory liccnoing and parallel import are part of TRIPS - lon't it oo? If it io oo,
wl >y so much confusion ai id why does the coriferei ice in Doha "instruct the council of TRIPS to find an expeditious solution and
present before 2uu2 eno ?
Hoping to near from you soon.
From:
Ms Sharada Gopal
Dr Gonal Dahade
Bi
7ci +49 (0)521 336 z z23
+49 (0)521 63/69
^^acaae paiggvanoo.com
oft
12/14/01 10:09 AM
^-Exchange* Tobacco Control Treaty' - Round three completed
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Tobacco Control Treat}’ - Round three completed
Date: Thu, 6 Dec 2001 00:16:24 +0700
From: "FCA Secretariat" <FCTCalliance@inet.co.th>
To: <pha-cxchangc@kabissa.org>
Dear Friends at PHA
I am sure you are ail keen to hear the updates on the world's first global
treaty on tobacco control.
I do hope you will take the time to give some
thought to this issue as it is a lot more complex and important than it is
given credit for. A legal product is killing four million people a year and
its producers are getting away with virtually no regulation.
If there was
ever an issue which incorporated everything that PHA stands for then this is
REGIONAL POSITIONS: Overall progress was very good with strong positions
from South and Southeast Asia, Oceania, the Pacific and Africa.
Though
containing countries with progressive tobacco control measures, the EU's
involvement in the negotiations has been diluted by the weaker countries in
the union, notably Germany.
In the Americas Canada and the Caribbean were
progressive with the US and Latin America generally poor.
The Eastern
|kiiterranean (Middle East) region was generally strong however there was
(Wicern that tobacco industry pressure had kept some delegations away from
the negotiations.
ISSUES RAISED: Strong support for comprehensive bans on tobacco advertising
were noted, their was progress in regards to packaging and labelling
requirements and many voices of support for health to be specifically placed
above trade in the treaty language (this is a very important debate given
its implications for other movements).
TOBACCO INDUSTRY OPPOSITION: The tobacco industry has been increasing its
activities through indirect approaches including through the International
Tobacco Growers Association (ITGA) and through journalists (many of whom
turn out to be on the payroll of tobacco companies).
NGO MOBILISATION: The need to inform and obtain the support of the broader
NGO community was noted by some tobacco control NGOs, some of whom are
perplexed about the seeming disinterest in the FCTC by groups that should be
interested by virtue of their platforms.
I urge you to look at our website and take the time to become more familiar
tobacco control and the FCTC.
I am always willing to answer questions
etc if you have any.
Sincerely,
Belinda Hughes
Coordinator
Framework Convention Alliance (FCA)
www.fete.org
Tel: (66-2) 279 1828 or (66-2) 278 1829
Fax: (66-2) 278 1830
The Framework Convention Alliance is an alliance of NGOs from around the
world committed to a strong global treaty to control tobacco for the health
of all people.
j»‘ &
12/10/01 2:44 PM
IA-Exchangc> TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
Subject: PHA-Exchange> TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 16:57:33 +0100
From: schuftanc@who.ch
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
You will find this useful.
A Lona Road to Travel:
Declaration on TRIPS
at
Doha.
Dr.Amit Sen Gupta, Jana Swasthya Abhiyan (Peoples Health Movement),India.
The Doha meeting of the WTO adopted a "Declaration on the TRIPS Agreement
and Public Health". The declaration has been hailed as a landmark in the
negotiating history of the World Trade Organisation. In a way it is a
landmark: because this is the first time, since the signing of the WTO
Agreement in 1994, that a portion of that agreement has been interpreted in
a manner that is favourable to developing countries. While there is a need
to recognise the significance of this, there is also the need to examine the
gt'ents which led to the adoption of the declaration. Also, we need to
Wderstand how much has really been gained by the adoption of the
declaration.
History of the TRIPS .Accord
The Trade Related Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement, signed as
a part of the WTO agreement, was the most bitterly fought during the GATT
negotiations. Till 1989, countries like India, Brazil, Argentine, Thailand
and others had opposed even the inclusion of the issues of TRIPS in the
negotiating agenda. They did so based on the sound argument that
Intellectual Property Rights — which includes patents over medicines — is
a non trade issue. India and others had argued that rights provided in
domestic laws regarding intellectual property should not be linked with
trade. They had further argued that the history of IPRs shows that all
countries have evolved their domestic laws in consonance with the stage of
economic development and the development of thei science and technology
capabilities. Laws that provide strong patent protection limit the ability
of developing countries to enhance their S&T capabilities and retard
dissemination of knowledge. Japan, for example, was able to enhance its
domestic capabilities through the medium of weak patent protection for
decades — well into the second half of the twentieth century. Italy changed
a stronger protection regime only in 1978 and Canada as late as in 1992.
was thus natural that many countries like India had domestic laws that
did not favour strong protection to patents before the WTO agreement was
signed. It was illogical to thrust a single patent structure on all
countries of the globe, irrespective of their
stage of development.
These arguments were however systematically subverted during the GATT
negotiations, leading to the signing of the TRIPS agreement. The TRIPS
agreement required countries like India to change over to a strong patent
protection regime, a regime that would no longer allow countries to continue
with domestic laws that enabled domestic companies to manufacture new drugs
invented elsewhere, at prices that were anything between one twentieth and
one hundredth of global prices. It may be recalled that it was the 1970
Patent Act which, by encouraging Indian companies to develop new processes
for patented drugs, also facilitated the development of world class
manufacturing facilities in a developing country like India.
12/6/01 9:51 AM
.^.Exchange* TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
fifteen companies with the highest profits, six are pharmaceutical companies
Microsoft, Cable and Wireless, DuPont, Eli Lilly, Glaxo Wellcome, the
Roche Group, Bristol-Myers, Squibb, Novartis and Pfizer. Five are from the
information technology sector, Microsoft, Cable and Wireless, Telefonos de
Mexico, Intel and Textron. Yet, none of these figure anywhere among the top
100 in terms of turnover.
Microsoft is 216th in the list in terms of turnover, but has the highest
return on revenues (39.4%). Clearly rent incomes, today, are one of the
major driving forces of the economies of the developed countries.
Setback to Pharmaceutical Companies
In 1995, the pharmaceutical MNCs seemed to be sitting on top of the world.
Unanticipated by them, a major development in the field of health care set
in motion a chain of events. The AIDS epidemic was fast gripping the
imagination of the global community. In the nineties, almost all of Africa
was under the grip of this epidemic. In some countries, an estimated third
of the adult population are infected by AIDS! The tragedy was compounded
when drugs to contain AIDS started being developed. These drugs allowed AIDS
patients the opportunity to live normal lives even
if they were infected. But there was a catch. Because of patent protection,
these drugs were priced beyond the reach of patients in developing
countries. The ridiculous effect of patent protection was evident when one
found that the cost of treating AIDS patients in some African countries was
many times their total GNP! Even more ridiculous, and tragic, when we know
that these drugs can be produced at one fortieth of prices being charged by
MNCs.
ATOS became a rallying point for activists from all parts of the world and
developing country governments alike. In a few years, one saw the forging of
an unparalleled global coalition. Countries like Brazil and Thailand defied
the TRIPS agreement and allowed domestic companies to produce cheap
anti-AIDS drugs. South Africa changed its laws to allow imports of cheap
anti-AIDS drugs. The MNCs and the developed countries struck back. 39
pharmaceutical companies challenged the South African law in the country's
court of law. Brazil was dragged by the US to the WTO appellate body for
infringement of TRIPS. But the tide was clearly turning. In the face of
mounting criticism and hostile reactions towards the pharmaceutical
industry, the industry and its sponsors were forced to step back. The
companies were forced to withdraw their case in South Africa and the US did
not proceed with its dispute with Brazil in the WTO.
The coalition that was built around the AIDS issue then pressed for
clarifications from the WTO that the TRIPS accord did not prevent country
governments from legislating in favour of protection of public health. In
this they were supported by almost the entire community of developing
nations. The industry fought to the last to prevent this. In the draft
declaration circulated in September, the US and other developed countries
infeed to limit any clarification to just measures related to AIDS. But the
momentum of the global movement was able to increase the scope of the
declaration to include public health crises not limited only to AIDS.
What has Been Achieved
Let us now turn to what has been achieved by the declaration. Contrary to
popular perception, the declaration in no way changes the TRIPS accord. It
does not even say that the accord needs to be renegotiated. In that sense,
it is really in the nature of a clarification, stating what can be done by
countries to safeguard public health while not at the same time infringing
5
12/6/01 10:13 AM
^-Exchange* TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
Today the campaign on access to drugs draws strength from Indian companies
like Cipla who are offering anti-AIDS drugs at one tenth to one fortieth of
the prices being charged by large pharmaceutical countries. It also draws
strength from the ability of Brazil to indigenously manufacture 8 out of the
12 anti-AIDS drugs and also to distribute them to all those who require
these drugs. Let us not forget that this could not have happened if the
TRIPS
accord ticicl Jooon
o-uciwu -uw iwae as, .wc
oxgnod xn
xuwaac
107&
and nofc
nualjuuuJ.seun
xn 1OO& I
It
stawudmo
xa
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r.»s»
a-ux-wuy pctteut
protection.
Importance of the TRIPS Accord
Implications of a product patent regime are not limited only to the area of
technological self reliance. Technological dependence on MNCs is the
proYsrhisl "thin, ‘sd/jc" which, will be used, by the MNCs to establish their
sovereignty ever the Indian Drug market once again (a position they had lost
after the mid seventies). They will then again start charging exorbitant
prices for drugs in the Indian market. Since the early eighties, the
categories of drugs which show the maximum rise in sales are categories
wj^ch include overwhelming majority of drugs still under Product Patent or
v^P^e roduct patents have expired recently. In other words, if we had a
product patent regime today, the drugs showing fastest growth would have
been priced way beyond the capacity of the average consumer.
It must be understood that, notwithstanding the rhetoric, the TRIPS accord
was not pushed through just to access markets of developing countries. These
markets represent just a fraction of the global market - India, for example,
accounts for 0.8% of the market, in contrast to 33%, 24% and 20% for the US,
Europe and Japan respectively. Rather, the TRIPS agreement became a
necessity
to protect the markets of large pharmaceutical companies in the developing
world against competition from cheaper generic drugs manufactured in
countries like India and Brazil. TRIPS in other words is not about "free"
trade, but has to do with protection of markets in developed countries. In
order to safeguard this market, giant pharmaceutical companies railroaded
all
opposition and forced the signing of the TRIPS accord. The draft which
formed the bases of the accord was prepared by industry representatives from
the US, Europe and Japan.
re were other compelling reasons why developed Capitalist countries, led
rhe US, exerted such enormous pressure during the GATT negotiations to
ensure that the TRIPS agreement was pushed through. In the mid-80’s, the
United States was faced with waning industrial competitiveness which hurt
U.S. companies and U.S. trade internationally. As a consequence, it began
searching for new areas of commerce which would maintain U.S. dominance in
the world market. .Around this time several intellectual property dependent
industries, namely information technology, entertainment (records, films and
books) and pharmaceuticals were becoming extremely important
contributors to the U.S. economy. All these sectors were heavily IPR
dependant as they dealt in products of which the development costs were
high, but the replication costs were small. These were sectors where, in
order to maintain high levels of returns, monopoly incomes had to be
protected through the mechanism of strong Intellectual Property Protection.
»
The importance of the knowledge-based sectors to the US (and global) economy
can be gauged from the performance of large companies today. Among the top
12/6/01 10:05 AM
12/6/01 10:13 AM
Exchanze> TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
^-Exchange* TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what you need to know
the TRIPS accord. Thus the declaration says: "Accordingly, while reiterating
our commitment co the TRIPS Agreement, we affirm that the Agreement can and
should be interpreted and implemented in a manner supportive of WTO Members'
right to protect public health and, in particular, to promote access to
medicines for all". Clearly, the intent is still to maintain that the TRIPS
accord is inviolable and at the same time say that the accord allows certain
measures to safeguard public health. Specifically, the declaration clarifies
that countries can issue compulsory licenses when faced with a health crises
or emergencies. It further states that:
"Each Member has the right to grant
compulsory licences ana tne freedom to aerermlne une grounds upon wnlcn sucn
licences are granted". It must be understood that such clarifications do
constitute an advance because, in the past, the US has tried to prevent
countries like Brazil and Thailand from doing exactly what the
clarifications now says is perfectly compatible with TRIPS.
In concrete terms, this means that countries can provide a license to
produce life saving drugs to domestic companies, even if patents for these
drugs are held by foreign patent holders. But this is still far short of
what the 1970 Patents Act of India allowed. Our Patents Act did not allow
Qjtents to be held for any product, irrespective of whether they were
Wfuired to address
any health crisis or not. It is this provision that allowed the development
of a domestic drug industry and also the development of an R&D base in the
pharmaceutical sector. It needs to be realised that what may be construed to
be drugs "that are required to address emergencies" will always constitute a
small fraction of the total number of drugs manufactured. Hence MNCs will be
able to control the production and distribution of a majority of drugs. This
means that Indian companies will not have the unhindered freedom that the
1970 Patents Act provided. In the long run, this will have an impact on the
balance in the pharmaceutical sector, allowing the MNCs to once again assume
a dominant position. Moreover P.£D and manufacturing capabilities are built
over a period, and cannot be suddenly switched on when "emergencies" arise.
Restricting the space in which domestic companies can operate to produce
newer drugs will have an adverse impact on their manufacturing and R&D
capabilities, as well as R&D capabilities built up in the public sector.
The declaration falls short of requirements in another key area. It says
that: "We recognize that WTO Members with insufficient or no manufacturing
capacities in the pharmaceutical sector could face difficulties in making
effective use of compulsory licensing under the TRIPS Agreement.
We
^struct the Council for TRIPS to find an expeditious solution to this
JBIblem and to report to the General Council before the end of 2002". Most
developing countries, unlike India, have no manufacturing capability. So the
declaration does not enable them to access cheaper drugs because they cannot
get these drugs produced cheaply in their country. The declaration does not
explicitly allow them to import cheaper drugs from countries like India.
A Long Road to Travel
There is a long road to travel before it can be claimed that the TRIPS
accord has been successfully undermined. What we see today is a small
corporate retreat in the face of hostile global reaction. The issue of
access to AIDS drugs is, arguably, the weakest link in the TRIPS accord and
the emerging global patenting system. The tremendous evocative appeal of the
"Access Campaign to AIDS Drugs" lends it the potential to delegitimise the
TRIPS agreement.
However, to effectively strike at the "weakest link", the campaign around
12/6/01 10:16 AM
-Exchange* TRIPS + the Doha Declaration - what yon need to know
access to cheap medicines has to look beyond AIDS or even beyond "health
emergencies" and beyond the TRIPS framework. The "access campaign" must
eventually extend to cover access to all essential medication and draw-in
interest groups from across the globe. The campaign needs also to look
beyond the TRIPS framework. While arguing for a more "liberal"
interpretation of the TRIPS language to ensure better access, .it is also
necessary to understand that the TRIPS agreement was arrived at on the basis
of submissions of the pharmaceutical industry. It is an agreement designed
to promote monopolies and hinder competition. The campaign needs to look
beyond TRIPS, and use the present momentum to force that the TRIPS agreement
be interpreted in a manner that promotes competition and technology
dissemination. The minimum that such an interpretation must recognise is the
automatic invocation of provisions that promote competition in all markets,
and curb the monopoly over knowledge that the present TRIPS regime is
interpreted to allow.
Finally, we need to note that India is a late entrant in this recent fight
against TRIPS. After abandoning the ship in 1989, we seem to have just got
on board again. In the last few years, India's voice was not heard clearly
with those of Brazil, Thailand and the large group of African countries.
This was evident even in Seattle in 1999. The Access Campaign will be hoping
that the
Indian negotiating team's perseverance in Doha was not merely an attempt to
pj.ay to the gallery.
^^.-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
repost, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website: http://www.lists■kabissa■org/mailman/listlnfo/pha-exchange
12/6/01 10:16 AM
PHA-Exchanee> Thanks to Claudio
Subject: Re: PHA-Exchange> Thanks to Claudio
Date: Wed, 5 Dec 2001 11:39:04 -t-ii00
From: "Prue" <hcca@tpg.com.au>
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>, "Fran Baum" <fran.baum@flinders.edu.au>
Dear All
On the anniversary of the PHA Health Care Consumers Association ACT,
organised a Playback Theatre Performance at the Canberra Hospital titled ’’
Hospital Stories". Playback Theatre is improvisational theatre where
audience members tell stories from their lives and then watch as actors and
musicians enact them without script or rehearsal.The 2 performances were
very moving and many stories were told from those who had experienced the
hospital system and a smaller number from Health professionals. I was
reminded of the the Assembly and the many stories I heard last year which I
won’t forget and which has inspired our work here in the ACT to highlight
these, with those who plan health services.—
Best wishes
Prue Borrman
Coordinator
Wo3
C'n’-o
gnrngrq ASS A.CT
62901660
hccatstpg. net. au
----- Original Message --------From: Fran Baum <fran.baum@flinders.edu.au>
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
Sent: Tuesday, December 04, 2001 4:12 PM
Subject: PHA—Exchange> Thanks to Claudia
> Dear Friends
> I would just like to thank Claudio for his inspiring words. Frank
Tesoriero
> and I were sharing our memories of the PHA yesterday when we realised that
> a year ago we were at GK. It was an inspirational meeting and a great
> achievement that so many of us were able to come together and discuss our
> ideals for a world in which the struggle for health could be advanced and
> the dreams of better health and more equitable distribution of health
> throughout the world realised. Like Claudio I feel it is true that our
> dreams seem to be further away than ever. But the only times I can feel
^■nore optimistic for the future are when I feel the solidarity of friends
^^and colleagues around the world. Then I know I am not a mad lonely voice!!
> So this list helps in reducing feelings of both loneliness and insanity!!
> So thanks Claudio for reminding us of the dream of the PHA!
> Best Wishes to everyone on the list for a merry festive season and a more
> optimistic, healthy and equitable new year!
> Best Wishes
> Fran Baum
> professor and Head
> Department of Public Health
> Director, South Australian Community Health Research Unit
> Immediate Past President, Public Health Association of Australia
> Contact details
> Mailing
’2
Q
PHA-Exchange> Thanks to Claudio
12/6/01 10:27 AM
> Flinders University
> GPO Box 2100
> Adelaide 5001
•> Mobile 0412 354 598
> office qq 2204 5983
> PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
> To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
,
> Website: http://www.lists.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchang e
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange(Skabissa.org
Website: http://www.lists.kabissa.org/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchange
12/6/01 10:27 AM
f2
-Exchange* Re: report on PRSPs and health
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Re: report on PRSPs and health
uate: Fri, 21 Dec 2001 18:16:00 -0100
From: ellen.verheul@wemos.nl
To: <pha-cxchangc@kabissa.org>
Memos published a briefing paper 'Poverty Reduction
Strategy Papers: what is at state tor health?', tor civil society
organisations and health policy maters. It provides background
information on the potential impact of PRSPs on health and encourages
debate on health issues that need attention in the development and
implementation o^ DDSDs.
rRSPs ozzei both chal±enges and pitfalls for health
improvement in low-
income countries. The strategies should be country-owned ana
developed with civil society participation, linking poverty reduction to
structural and macro-economic oolicies. PRSPs are a condition for debt
relief and soft loans from the World Bank and IMF.
Season's greetings,
Fl "ten Verheul
Memos is a Dutch NGO lobbying and campaigning on health and
ueve i opirient i s sues.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange^kabissa.org
WsbsLts z 'nt't.D z //\\n.\. listis . '■cs.clssh . Q2?cz/r?.2.ilr?.an./].istir.'Lo/pb,s—cx.cb.s.r.cj's
12/27/01 10:00 AM
PHA-Exchange> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
Subject: Re: PHA-Exchange> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
Dale: Tuc. 13 Dee 2001 10:24:43 -rOOOO
From: "norman nyazema" <nnyazema@hotmai1.com>
To: aviva@nelnam.vn, pha-excuange@kabissa.org
T am sure vou have noticed that T am one of those people who are on the NNIA
-j
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Luc a a. j. cej cu .5 u a L eitieil t Qii tnc ciii tx—iiixCi. Gjuxcix aCCxvluy
or one or its products ana nave also queried it from a clinical
oharmacoloaic point of view. I am with the Zimbabwe's drua regulatory
ai].rhx>r.Trand would rniar-y rhat claim if if anneared on their nroduct in
As an active researner in H1V/A1DS, ana in breastfeeding and HIV/AIDS in
narr i r111 at
I can assure vou that I am not on the board as anyone's poodle.
rio not npori tt.e money. We have made it clear to the company that
experience from the drug Industry who are now being regarded as partners In
the tight against H1V/A1DS. 1 use the same philosophy and thought process
when dealina with both industries.
Anyone who has any queries regarding NNIA, please do not hesitate to contac
me. r encourage you to raise any questions
I just want to let you know that I accepted the board appointment with my
avo5 Cppn ,
Cheers
Norman Z. Nyazema
> IT *•^'’2" * rr P V-f ”r- rr
Vf TrS
r?ri^>
> To: <phz exch^nge^k&bissa. ozg>
sCC: " norma n ” < nnya z ema gho Email. om>
>Subiect: PHA-Exchange> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
>Date:
7 5 Dec 2001 1.4:21:54 +0700
t
>Dear Colleagues,
v-l ?.*ould appreoiaz.2 id "
could share this small with everyone.
>
>ln the quote from Nestle's website they use the word "nutrition" to refer
>to infant formula. They claim that one of their formulas kills bacteria
cj
>from contaminated fetor, and in a statement no doubt designed to further
>"thc knowledge and pure joy of eating good food," inform readers that "The
>fuj.iuuj.a is Jiuw available in souther:; and eastern Africa."
>1 do not see that anythina in the statement below, apparently signed by
>rhose
NPT
Fieard members
who
are
not
Pestle
employees,
that
addresses
these
>pcints, beyond referring to them as assumptions and allegations. The
La cements in my email were quuces from the Nestle website.
>The NNI functionaries ask that future questions be sent directly to an
12/19/01 2:31 PM
PHA-Exchange> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
un.'.ameu person associated rfith the InstiLuce, which no doubt would bo
preferable co messages like mine chat go directly to the public.
.>Ar. though T ar aware of the desperate financial situation African academics
^r".r.' * X ■' '■’ ------c -- - -
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— -/__ —
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to
Olt A J. US i1y3<L3XX3
^co further its marketing aims in Africa.
>T would ooint out to anyone else who believes that the Nestle Company is a
l>oharizvr t**at its shareholders would rightly not allow management to use
>its money fc-r uurely charitable purposes, even zf they wanted to. Its job
>is co rna.xe a profit and breastfeeding obviously cannot contribute. The NNI,
>on the other hand, is no doubt expected to be a good investment in public
>relations.
>Here is a ouote revealinc that Nestle misuses the word nutrition as a
>synonym for ttol r commercial conducts:
"The long term goal
is to improve
Nutrition in southern and cast Africa, in particular nutrition used in the
>HU vertical transmissiuii programme through infant
>tormuia," according to Ferdinand Haschke, Nestle's director of nutrition
>for southern and eastern Africa. Nestle is now openly claimina that one of
> •>' ~ c;
on
infanr
•Fr^yrmil
"lf 7 7 7 c
b-P ar ar 7
frryrn rwtarn i r>^» far] wi-ar.
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id
v> (husp://‘www.busrep, co. ■ra/html/busrep/br frame decider.phprclick ld=343&art i
>d=ct2U01080219103ti322N2b23628&set id=6U) This is an obvious ploy to use
>unscientic arauments to oromote artificial feeding throughout the countries
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^relavanL inorlc Health Association resolutions have frustrated for the past
y”trjvo oecaces. "
> > Names ana affiliations of NNI:
> > Prof. Gabriel Anabwani, MBChB, M Med (Paed), M.Sc. (Epid), Senior
>Consultant and Head of Paediatrics, Princess Marina Hospital, Gaborone,
>Bots'.\Tar.a.
> > Prof. Ganapati Bhat, M.B.B.S, M.L), DCH, Head Department of Paediatrics &
>Child Health, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia.
> > Pref. Peter A. Cooper, M.D, EC Paed (SA), PhD, Department cf Paediatrics
>and Child Health, university of Wltwatersrand & Johannesburg Hospital,
^^Johannesnurg, South Africa.
> > hr.
Cbarirl n^mah, M.B.B.S: MB
^‘Hos^itol
(Paed), Consultant Paediatrician,
vlaog
Kourit'- us
> > Ms. Jane Downs, B.Sc.; Post Grad Dipl Hosp. Diet, B.Sc (Hons) Diet.,
>Principal Dietician & Head of Department, King Edward VIII Hospital,
>Durban, South .Afri"^.
u- a frof. uemetre Labadarios, B.Sc. (Hons); MBChB, Ph.D, tACN, Head,
>Department Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of
>Stellenbosch, South Africa.
12/19/01 2:31 PM
PHA-Exchanee> Nestle Nutrition Institute for Africa
AAssccidrion, Gertruders Garden Children's Hospital, Medical Advisory
>Committee, Nairobi, Kenya.
S
D
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&
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AZZo-Cu.
> > Prof. Norman Nyazema, B.Sc. B.Sc (Hons), Ph.D, Department of
>PharTnacoloay. University of Zimbabwe, Zimbabwe.
Chat with friends online,
try MSN Messenger: http://niessenger.nisn.com
rnn-DXCuauye IS hOsteu Oil iCaOlSSa — opaCe
fol" change Hi Africa
post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website: http://wtvw.lists.kabissa.orq/mailman/listinfo/pha-exchanqe
to
>f3
12/19/01 2:34 PM
HA.-Exchanse> More on Nestle Nutation Institute in Africa - NNIA
Snhipcfr DRA-Fvchan<rp> More nn Noetic Nutrition Unctifnto in Africa - MNTA
Date: Tue, 18 Dec 2001 19:14:50 t0700
Prom: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
Tu. <pha-exchange@,kaoissa. org>
,
(excerpts from a letter)
I aiu concern about NNIA partly from my own experiences over the years with this kind of
corrupting approach taken by the baby food industry. There are few health professionals or
mtuiiivtiidio vvvu in ixvtiiiiviiA v</linnivo utai van iliailiiain a pimvipivvi oianvv vvnvii vuvivu muuouj
largesse. Thus one can hardlv blame anvone at the individual level who is in an underprivileged
position, though the professor who sent the original letter is no doubt as well to do as manv
nonhem academics (he is a white South African).
The breastfeeding movement has chosen to polarize in very' strong terms regarding the acceptance
of support from the industry so that people who do decide to take industry money understand in as
clear terms as possible that they are crossing a line. I know several cases of leading international
public health experts who have turned down tilings for fear of harming their reputations.
I suspect that half or more of the people on this list were not aware of that they were doing so. But
for our movement, if is important that they are known, so that in debates, policy discussions.
international meetings, etc. one can take into account the bias that comes from associating in this
wav with industry.
My former boss is on the Board of the Nestle Foundation, an international equivalent of NNIA. He
claimed it was "clean" and had no Nestle influence, as it was mn not by the company but by' a bind
that Nestle had no direct control over. He invited rne to investigate to find out if tins was not the
case. What I found out was:
(1) A high level manager from Nestle is always present as a non-voting participant in NF meetings.
(The excuse for this was that his expertise in nutrition was valuable to the group.)
(2) NF’s executive director claimed they were independent but admitted they had never been
critical of Nestle's actions.
(3) NF had asked for more money to be added to the fund. Nestle agreed. If NF had ever criticized
them, one doubts they have received it.
(4) The Board of NF complained about the low quality of proposals they received from developing
countries tor research projects. Thus they were allowed to apply themselves for the support and
much if not most of it goes to them. I saw the 1995 budget and the head of the Board had the
largest grant. I was informed that each of them walks out when his own proposals are dealt with.
The oppportunity for mutual back-scratching among these half-dozen or so colleagues is clear.
^0
l/\^
(5) On at least one occasion I was informed by a researcher at the research institute headed by
the head of the NF Board that the institute needed equipment which was too expensive to be
covered bv the Nt budget and therefore the company agreed to provide the extra funds. I asked
why the company/ did not do this? direct!'7 anH he said this child health research institute would
never risk its reputation by taking money directly from the company. Thus (a) NF was laundering
f2
j\_Fxchange> More on Nestle Nutrition Institute in Africa - NNIA
12/19/01 12:57 PM
the money for die head of its board, and (b) there were examples that let the Board know that if
they behaved in ways that Nestle liked (and which its informal Nestle staff part icipant could report
io the company), they could ask for and receive extra money.
(6) I reported back to our professor on this. He claimed he did not know this. He stated
that clinicians must maintain contact with baby food companies to help them develop better
products (which he did for another company earlier). I pointed out that he was no longer a
clinician, but working with public health . He called for a seminar run by an expert in ihe ethics of
contacts between health workers and industry.
17) We held such a seminar with a doctoral student in theology who was doing his disseration on
one changes work places one must respect those of the new place. He also said that cooperation
with industry should be undertaken only Oil two Conditions; (a) one shares objectives regarding this
paiiiculai activity, and (b) one has thought through and judged as small inc risk that this
cooperation he exploited to achieve objectives one does not share with them.
(8) Uur professor was asked bv the chancellor of the University to get off the NF Board two years
nfto but still bus not done so.
There have been many examples over the years of people trying to reason and negotiate with
industry and being exploited for doing so, achieving no more than helping the companies in the
public relations efforts. As you may know, these were described in detail in a new book by Judith
xxiebter
I do not see that there is any possibility for a shared objective between the breastfeeding movement
and the infant food industry. Seeming exceptions are simply public relations efforts. As I pointed
out in my previous letter, this will be enforced by shareholders. Even you and I would be
dissapointed if. when we retire, we are informed that we get no pension because the companies in
which our stocks were invested decided to focus on child health instead of malting money. Child
health can never be the responsibility or goal of industry.
Best.
Ted"
12/19/01 12:57 PM
i .«(<> More about tire arrest and whereabout of Dr. Jitendra Mabaseth.
Subject: PHA-F.xchange> More about the arrest and whereabout of Dr. Jitendra Mahaseth.
Date: Wed, 26 Dec 2001 15:35:28 +0530
From: "Mathura P Shrestha" <matiwra@healthnet.org.np>
To: <UudLSclosed-R€cipi?iit'.@niailhost.b_ooltbiict.org.up;>
Jitendra Mahaseth, 46 years old Deputy Director of Lord Buddha Medical
College, Kohalpur, Nepalgunj, Nepal was arrested by Royal Nepal Army on.
Dccember 15 (Taush 1, 2058 BS) at about 11 AM while on duty in Medical
College Hospital. His whereabouts is not known (although he is rumored that
he is kept in a local Army Barrack) according to his son, Dr. Vinod Mabaseth
and informal Sector Service Centre (INSEC). According to INSEC, when it
inquired The Chief District Officer (CDO or equivalent to District
magistrate) he reolied that he was arrested for treating Maoists and he is
detained for "i nterroaar.i on". According to Dr Mahaseth's wife
Ms Shanti
ct personnel eno concerned organization
inquiry on his whereabouts, howabouts and to help release
In 1966 while serving as Medical Officer of Udayapur District Hospital Dr.
Mahaseth was also arrested for being active in Nepal Democratic Front (A
political Party banned at. the time) . He was released after about 7 months.
oissociaieo ziuiu any poxicicaj. ctocivicies and strictj.y devoted liiiTisej.f to
professional dispensations. Following the success of Peoples’ DemocraticMovement the Democratic Front was legalized and charges against its all
members were formally withdrawn by the government. But Dr. Mahaseth did not
join the party again. He was elected chairperson of the Human Rights
O-gan'zat.ion of Si-aha District in 1990. Tn 1 947 he was contested a seat in
the
~ ~ ~ gj- though not elected. Dr Mahaseth has wife, two sons and a
Pasted here is an e-mail from INSEC.
Dear Mathura Sir,
On Dec. 15, Dr. Jitendra Mahaseth, working in the Medical College of
J^halpur, Banke was arrested by the armed oolice from the colleoe on the
^■irgo of medical treatment extended to the Maoists.
This if the information received from 1NSEC, Mid-west Region, Nepalgunj.
Devika Timilsina
PHA-Exchanae is hosted on Kabissa - Soace for change in Africa
To oost.
- -----------n-
write to:
PHA-Exchange@kabi.ssa. ora
. -x- . . .-/•.
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V-a hi qon
wo i 1 tn a r» / 1 i gri nrn / nhd-avrhnrw-ra
- /->- ■x'rr
- -- /-----------—,---------------- k- ---■------------- -
12/28/01 11:23 .AM
\-Exchange> Fw: HMG's restriction to tr... of medical ethics and geneva convention.
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Fw. HMG's restriction to treat victims during conflict is against al! principles of
medicai ethics and geneva convention.
Rate: Sun. 23 Dec 2001 10:21:45 +0530
From: "Mathura P Shrestha" <mathura@healthnet.org.np>
To: <undisciosed-Kecipient:(ffimaiiiiost. heaitjinet.org.np;>
--------- Original Message --------From: INSEC <insec@wlink.com.no>
To: Mathura P Shrestha <enhrn(amos. com. np>
tc■*' 32.
onm q • qq
Subject: Ro: HMG’s restriction to treat victims during conflict is against
axx pxd.ncj.pj.es ot medicax etiiics and geneva convention.
> Dear Mathura Sir,
> On Dec. 15, Dr. Jitendra Mahaseth, working in the Medical College of
> Kohalour, Sanke was arrested by the armed police from the college on the
> charge of medical treatment extended to the Maoists.
^^This if the information received from INSEC, Mid-west Region, Nepalgunj.
> Sincerely,
> Devika Timilsina
> Director
> ------- Original Message ------> from: Matnura P Shrestha <enhrn@mos.com. np>
> To: David Rush <rushd@mediaone.net>
> Sent: Wednesday, December 19, 2001 5:46 PM
> Subject: Re: HMG's restriction to treat victims during conflict is against
> hl
r ’—
r> “x-----r< 7 a
”---1X"----
TaS
-irsl
rc prr^
f inn
““ -------- ai-'ni
------'-V-- - rranarza r'nritr^n
---
Dear All
> > We come to know that Dr. Jitendra Mahaseth from Nepalgunj Medical
> z>
College
> > Hospital is arrested and his whereabouts is unknown. No explanation on
> why.
Probably
ie
for treating Maoist upholding Medical ethics.
PERM.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PnA-raohange@kabissa.org
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12/27/01 9:58 AM
^-Exchange* Fnturer PHA Structure
’'■’’biecT; PTJ.A-Fxchf>nge> Fnturer PHA Structure
Date: Thu, 27 Dec 2001 02:14:06 +0600
P rom: Dr Qasem Chowdhury <2ksavarTtarechco.net>
Te • :'ph?.-exch?n2e-kabissa.or2" <ph<i~exchange/?7)kabissa.org>
PHA Secretariat, Savar
December 3rd 2001
are very pleased to be able to share with you the agreed plan to enable
W!e development and strengthening ot the People's Health Movement. We
believe that it brevities the foundation for our People's Health Movement.
clarifying ana strengthening the new structure. Many people went on to
suggest where and how they wanted to be involved and how to enable more
people to be involved. The positive resoonses have been verv insoirina.
xl.e structure eiu. enable places and spaces for all who wish to be part of
the People's Health Movement. At tne same time we believe that this will
enable tne People's Health Movement to be inclusive and transparent,
democratic and open.
In summary, the proposal is to develop a series of
linked circles.
These will be of two tvbes.
First, Geographical Circles
at national, regional and international levels.
Second, Working Circles
O— the People ’ s Health Movement. These could.
issues such as one bringing people and their
on issues and .Lobbying related to PRGFs or
Rational Drugs io the work of the movement through Publications or Popular
Communications.
Tne circles and now they link are outlined in detail below.
Background
pre-assembly process involving tens of thousands or people.
Why?
In 1378 representatives of the world's governments committed themselves to
Health for All bv the vear 2000.
The vear 2000 came and the enormous
rjiji-ance that millions of women, men and children were away from that right
T.-->o o
2. C 2. e 2. 22t 2. C ~
r’rgra»'m»innrq ?.nd 2.nt e 2?n?.t 2_OZ"l?.l
Jtii :uoi,
cuiti
tiiicCjuax
Cna’L
Wc
live
2.11
uOday.
me pcOpxe cifiQ
Liicix
ox’uanizH-ions across che world uhac are building a People’s Heal ch Movement
relieve that this must change ana that we must enable a movement to
12/28/01 10:41 AVI
*.Exchange* Fnturer PHA Structure
ct'-vouaue tor
pressure fcr health rights and generate credible
people-centered alternatives to existing approaches co health.
Here we share with you: 1 ■
The new structure for the People's Health Movement
The nl^etahle for
2.
taklro forward of the new structure
*,s— — 'w v >», v-liCiv
7~. C'”' 3 C X" U C C c* C C — —'
■*- w» -i- ci -u SS »C IuOV<w t C »» cl J? d 3 dC v’O J.
ct vxvxcskC reupxe’o ricdlcu MuV&uwhC. YOU die petit Of this litQVwiTieiit Slid
ceiieve cnac rne new structure will give a space and piace ror you and more
people and their organizations to join together in the People’s Health
Movement.
THE CONTEXT FOR OUR PROPOSALS
RHTLDTNG OF PUA.2OOO
The People* ~ z"~ c^tc.'* "or TJ"alth
Hie reopie's Ciiaiter ror Health that emerged at the end of the Peoples
Health Assembly 2000 (PHA2000; at Gonoshasthaya Kendra, savar, Bangladesh
on 8th December 2000 is an important landmark, perhaps as significant as
the Alma Ata Declaration. It is now an important instrument for advocating
the Health for All - goal. Its significance has at least three if not more
rnh’r'f'T’Or r c; •
rn.i4VuuwiilCn
iuuK p-tdC-i cij.x uvei
Ciie WOIiU
CUxliiluatiny d5 d dOCuli’ienC
uiictt
was ratified oy nearly i,5uu members or civil Society rrom 93
countries.
It tnererore represents the largest consensus document on the
current health situation and the challenaes.
1w
■* t- n
*71 d°
pn pnp i vgi q nr nroh 1 ems and causes as we 1 1 as
ves ror action’ .
Health is not “’ust bio-medical but has an
P■—-*■ —
oxj-/ ^'_zk^u-c> Cu^.ouLux and environmental dimension as
. ^.t
cue pOlut tuet neextu ActiOu IiiuSt iuVOlVe action at ail tueSe
levels so that the deeper determinants or
challenges the vertical, cop-down, market
'magic bullet' prescriptions as not being
primary health care approach which was at
health are tackled. It also
economy determined, programmes of
representative of comprehensive
the core of the means to achieve
the Health for All ooal.
Thirdly, the charter also emphasizes in a more indirect way that the
iiiamstreait or nealth mciuding Ixeaxth 'ministries and health departments of
national governments, international agencies like WHO, UNICEF, World Bank
and the corporates nave conveniently largely ignored the Health for All
goal and sidelined it.
12/28/01 10:41 AM
A-Exchange> FuturerPHA Structure
Challenging the mainstream
The challenge tor the Post PHA2000 initiatives is therefore to Oring back"
the People’s Charter for Health into the mainstream of health action.
This
can be done by advocating it in a strategy that challenges the mainstream
to respond to it and integrate it within their evolving agenda.
So,
Advocating the Deonle’s Charter for wealth actively, consistently,
dnouici therefore be a primary concern tilx we get it into mainstream
thinking on health.
PREPARATORY PHASE. WHICH WE ARE IN AT PRESENT
Building further collective consensus on People's Charter for Health wi‘
Civil 3uCietv should COixi_ Liiue CO OO the iiiSu Step Hi eVciy COUixCiy diiii
region, me pre-?iiAiuuu mobilization phase too.< snape in aifrerent ways ano
at with ditterenr levels or intensity m different regions, and countries
K the world.
Though 93 countries finally participated at the event, the
Krticipants
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Space for change in ^Africa
To pwsc, xnce
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■3
12/28/01 10:44 .AM
A-Exchange> Future PHA Structure (3)
Sluhiect: PHA-Fvchnngp> Future PWA Structure (.31
Date; Thu, 27 Dec 2001 02:16:04 +0600
f rom: Dr Qasem Chowdhury <e.ksavar(<z;ciiechco.net>
Tot tlnt>a-evrt>on<TC-V,»Kicqo oro" <ph.a-evchanoe^Jlrahie5?t nr<r>
tho
circles
a”=
tbe fnimjjsfion of onr structures.
Circles can have autonomy to agree on their most appropriate ways of working.
Circles will intersect.
Circles, when formed, will elect a link: person(s) co link to other
A T)F>
K i AT"0
lypco
Ox
C rrl p<?
Cli'C_e5
Circles are envisaged at different geographical levels and tor different
areas of work Working Circles.
Geographical Circles are envisaaed at a minimum of three levels
Different areas or work can generate
also envisaged to exist at the three
Some may first be established at the
interest is developed then connected
he develoned.
different Working Circles.
These are
geographical levels when appropriate.
international level. As activity and
regional and or national circles might
rz. member Ci a working circle would come from and be on a national or
regional circle. They would be the link person for that area of work or
activity on their circle.
Members of workina circles have the obliaation and resnonsibilitv to share
their work with other members of their national or regional circle.
TjlFifC—Uy
Of
'^IxCxSo
One or the most important parts or the structure is the way in which
12/28/01 10:27 AM
i.FxchansO Future PHA Structure <31
<-
.
•ro
i.lt-C’Ze'j ii’iAi't'jjA 1'5 Ox ectCu Cli’Cie Will OO L11S link
verson to corer appropriate circles.
This could be between two airrerent
working circles or between a working and geographical circle. The linking
has many roles and responsibilities. It is key to enabling the People's
Health Movement to be more comprehensive and to making sure that the
CAoay'Aph f*
circles phaF® t.hc>i r idAAs and Act. 1 VI 1.1 AS . ThA links
s._sc 'jr.iblj 'ss fc "C'’F sr.d co-ops—2.t— with othox- movcmAiits 2.nd. pstwoirks.
.•■.any individuals and organisations involved in the PHM across the world are
already involved in specific advocacy work.
The PHM aims not only to
generate credible people centred alternatives but also to recognise,
collate and endorse such alternatives that emerged before and after the
People's Health Assembly 2000 and that will emerge in the future.
Some are
t-w= ow
others ere independent. The new structure ensures
Geoaraphical Reaions
initial regions proposed are;
i.
3.
South Asia,
not including India
South-East and East Asia,
not including China
J _
f*h ■? r> a
8.
9.
10.
11.
East and Central Africa
Southern Africa
Europe
South America
1?.
Central America including Mexico And the Caribbean
13.
Ker th. America
”ms is not a complete or perfect regionalization of the world and through
discussion, consultation and evolution we will be able to evolve a
regionalization which reflects what each region feels is a viable and a
positive contribution to the People's Health Movement. National Circles
would need to decide on what is the most suitable and appropriate region
for them.
National circles would elect link person(s) with a Regional People's Health
Movement Circle.
One elected representative from each of these Regional People's Health
Wivomant ri^lac; t,.H 11
p
>'onrcicaor a t* i vo for the
T D t. A rn p. f. i on A 1
PAODIa1?
secretariat
It is proposed chat there is a Secretariat for the International People's
Health Movement.
The Secretariat will ulav an imnortant role in cataivsina
12/28/01 10:27 AM
^-Exchange* Future PHA Structure G)
——o -«—-—acmg t:.e iiiiiei&ut circles anti their inter-relationships . rhe
secretariat is li.cely to rotate arter an agreed period ii this was felt to
re desirable and feasible. It is expected that the Secretariat will move
every few years.
It would not be permanently in one place. The role and
functions of the Secretariat would need to be agreed.
' nr °rr,3 r i on? 1
] a' g tjqp i f-}-) MojxjAniAn'h Ci rc 1 e
— n "L 0 22 Tl 3. t L C *'Z.' ^eC^le*S Health. t^OVem.ent Circle V.’ill
+-v-,o
va^av'cnro
It is also proposed that the co-orcinator or facilitator of the Secretariat
tor the International People's Health Movement will be representative on
the International People's Health Movement Circle. This will mean that the
initially the International People's Health Movement Circle has a minimum
of fo"!members.
bop
s Heal
would be agreed tor the International People's Health
fov' t’no fidf the Tn t e rn a r i on a 1 ^eonl0
c; ’Jap ] r p pi
1 c.
t0
Working Circles
a- Working Circles- co enable the development and strengthening of the PHM
_ _- genei.'cij. j.y oegiii ao xutemciciOiicxA Wording Cizcxes.
PH?.-Exchange io hooted on Kabiosa
Space for change in Africa
post, write to: PHA—ExclierigeGkabisSd.org
«
:■ site: http: /
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12/28/01 10:31 AV
A-Exclianae> Future PHA Structure (2)
Subject: PFFA-Fxchanae> Future PY-YA Structure (2)
Date; Thu, 27 Dee 2001 02:15:12 +0600
From: Ur Qasem Chowdhury <eksavarto'citechco.net>
Tct
-k?h*ss? °rf?n <^r'h.?.“?xch.?ing€^kabiss?..org^ >
" ' ’ 1“’.1
Dh'l
j5 T- T'l
1 r' O
i')\
rrom these S3 countries aid nor always represent or bring with them a
broader consensus rrom their own region or country.
In some cases there
were individuals representing countries; in others there were NGOs
representing some mobilization in Civil Society; in some countries and
rouinnp there we^e more collective efforts; lik° India where there were
vorv intsnsivs efforts to ergsnizo.
- 'll Wp J. C- O Etc* a. V-.v i—iTlO -- V. •
af 1
woro soods for tto fu.tu.ro of tho
^Kre is urgent need to continue this process of consensus building, to
Strengthen the civil society consensus and endorsement or the People's
Charter for Health in each country, region and globally.
Some key issues in developing and strengthening the People's Health Movement
P O Op x O * 5 H O ct x u fi MOV Oi'tie I1 c
b;
Focusing on Networks / Membership organizations and nor just
individuals or NGOs.
We are a movement and not an NGO.
c)
Ensuring as far as possible collective, democratic decision making,
so that all constituents have opportunity to contribute, participate,
snnopst.
ot?
au Ll 71 ties
r^'-i 11 r^ro rho work of thp Poonlo’s Health Movement.
hi
ciie
The
Health i’iOvei'ueiiu Spirit.
ej
Maintaining gooo communications between circles, countries ana
regions through regular email communication, newsletter, website etc.
f)
Producing 'consensus' documentation authored collectively and not
bv individuals so that ownership of ideas and oersoectives is enhanced and
1 ectivi zed.
approaches co heal ch.
o
To enable a movement to advocate for and pressure for health rights.
o
The People's Charter for Health should be a guiding document both
-=cr rto People’s Heelth. Movement, for 2. growing number of ne.tionel
o
People and their movements to be enabled to popularize and use the
People's Charter for Health and to develop and lobby for local and national
level alternatives.
o
That tne movement is recognized as tne People's Health Movement as
f5
^-Exchange* Future PHA Structure (2)
12/28/01 10:35 AM
opposed
t-u f - . tuc-ti o nea-iuii nooeituj±y
- ____ .
-x
0
ror the People’s Heaicn Movement to take root so that international
bodies such as the <\H0, WTO, UNICEF, World Bank-, listen to the People’s
Health Movement.
* his co1;! d be achieved bv;
the ’.'.'eioht of the re sent at ion. of our strategies for alter^at-’'^zcis
and exposing the gap between rhetoric and reality.
collective pressure
the perceived weight and presence of the People's Health Movement
Development of specific strategies and actions with respect to
national governments.
These would be focused on national level health and
related policies and practices and on highlighting the current, and
potential role of national Government on international bodies such as t'^e
'.■ISO, WTO and llcrld Bank. The People’s Health Movement should contribute to
Lue demystnication or the WHO and VJoixd Sank etc. and demand
nauional—level accountability.
o
We will have developed documents that present key principles and
people-centered and community based practices.
We will aeciae ir a second People's Health Assembly, PHA2, will
^■ke place.
It there is a positive decision, we will also decide when and
wnere. By January 2005 we will have reviewed the People's Charter for Health.
'5
12/28/01 10:35 AM
Exchanao Future PHA Structure (2)
Towards Structures
for
A People's Health Movement
TOWARDS FACILITATING STRUCTURES FOR A
PEOPLE'S HF AT,TP MOVEMENT
j^^nciples
Develop a feeling of belonging to a movement for change.
'O
co <0
Inclusive. We will enable people and organisations with different
nd diverse backgrounds to be part of the PHM.
However we will ensure that
pro-people orientation remains fundamental. (This will sometimes require
positive action i.e. for people with disabilities)
_ ZCIiDpclZ’CTl'C ,
QCItiCCiTci vl.C
CpCR
Representative or
South/North
Genders
Ethnicity/Race
Emailing and without access to email
Hx T ■Po
T
t. --<o
f-ti — -'"-o
“’3------- ------------------------------------------
-j <—
S S 1 H
g 1 "I • j
__E----------------------- J
do'Q'"'
°
vr’ir'/x
J-----------?
onri
---------- .
n 1 Ho v'
d
------------- X---L-------------
o
We recognize that Women's access co health often is still unequal
and inappropriate and that this needs to be challenged and changed.
12728/01 10:37 AM
re PHA Structure (2)
Jj
Tit 5,
IB Ki ng 'With B'-tWC'x ’<3 cxF.d Y.'.
DSing COmpiimentary to the
worx of others ana providing a space for others. The ?HM places importance
on membership organisations, networks ana movements with democratic
decision making processes. This is key.
Wnri<- basAd and hui 1 di ■’wr on r.hA People’s Charter for Health.
IS
-f-.0 "i
OUr f
This
--
collective
Each country m their own way
°
Assumptions
Tha re t q a nooH fnr a n 1 ob^3' str'Ur'+'.n **0 and that this ha 5
_— v,,,.o~
t''.3'32.1 s
rior^0"
o-1- v'c:t-r-n-s
—•
f-.O b*3
o
The bci3e should be geog 1 epiiicej.z building on our strengths. The
regions or me world should suit us.
3.
Our structure should bring together organizations and movements and
facilitate exchanges of experiences, information, strategies and actions
between thorn.
ine type of organizational structure most appropriate to the
f
■elopment and strengthening of the People’s Health Movement is not
pyramid shaped out circular.
TOWARDS FACTT.TTATTNG STRTTCTWO-S FOR A
DEOPLE ’ S
Mn~7Wgy*
Principles
o
Develop a feeling of belonging to a movement for change.
o
Inclusive. We will enable people and organisations with different
and diverse backgrounds to be part of the PHM.
However we will ensure that
nto—neon 1 a QrianrpHon
i n$ ■riinda^ner’r.al.
(This w" 11
.somet.imes
rerni i r a
■positive action i.e. for nocnle with, disabilities)
o
Representative of
Genders
Ethnicitv/Race
-
South/Nortn
o
We recognize that Women's access to health often is still unequal
and inappropriate and that this needs to be challenged and changed.
work of others and providing a space for others. The PHM places importance
on membersnip organisations, networks and movements with democratic
decision making processes. This is key.
o
Work based and building on the People's Charter for Health.
is our fundamental common around.
This
12/28/01 10:37 AM
A-Exchange> Future PHA Structure (2)
°
sulia on collective energies ana actions
o
Each country in their own way
®ssinnpti ons
1.
There is a need for a clobal structure and that this ^as to b°
-funded, mrormcd and inspired by people’s experiences, strategies and visions.
2.
The base should be geographical, building on our strengths. The
regions or me world should suit us.
3.
Our structure should bring together organizations and movements and
*= •
ine focus is hoc on decision iTtaking though this is of course needed
The type or organizational structure most appropriate to the
elopment and strengthening of the Peoole's Health Movement is not
■amid shaoed but circular.
t
rnA—ruXcnaiige is nosred on Kabissa — Space for change m Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchangeiskabissa.org
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’5
12/28/01 10:40 AM
A.-Excliaiige> Public Health Dipiema, Degree and Short Courses
Subject: PHA-Exciiange> Public Health Diploma, Degree and Short Courses
Date: Thu, 3 Jan 2002 16:27:09 -0500
From: "nadira.ashraf <nadira.ashraf@aku.edu>
Official: Yes
Dear Friend,
Wishing you a very happy new year 2002!
As you know we are offering short training courses since 1994 on regular basis and hope that you have received the
information about cur scheduled courses for year 2002 (sent during December 2001). If not, please let us know and we
shall send you the information again.
are also interested to know if other institutions in the country are offering similar short courses and/or
JBRtgraduate degree and diploma courses in public health. V\/e would highly appreciate if you could send us
information on any such courses/programs offered by your institution/organization or if you have details about any other
private/government institution in your province offering these.
Your early response will be highly appreciated.
Best regards
Nadira Ashraf
Senior Administrative Officer
Regional Training Program
Department of Community Health Sciences
The Aga Khan University,
Stadium Road. PO Box 3500, Karachi
The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
www.aku.edu
1/7/02 1:26 PM
A-Exchange> a different proposal
Subject: PHA-Exchange> a different proposal
Date: Wed, 2 Jan 2002 21:03:00 -0600
From: "SOYNICA" <soym'ca@sdnnic.org.ni>
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Managua,
02 de enero, 2002.{PRIVATE }
ello, Claudio! Thanks for sending your
communication on the women-centered
approach to Family and Security. More
and special attention must be given to
women because the quality of life
itself depends much on the quality of
her motherhood; we have to give
priority in all things to girls from
J^*th on, many oeople object this
- gu^e-t;ng with equality of rights,
forgetting that boys are already given
priority practically ion all cultures.
But it is a big need tor health. Girls
do always receive less health
attention then man, because the
general feeling is that "men have to
work and must be strong"; women don't
work and can go on living with
anything. Women's nutritional levels
must be bettered enormously so that
she can be an active participant as a
"sujeta de su propio desarrollo".
we have to protect her from anemia
that so often doesn't let her
participate in decisions and active
life as a citizen and good consument.
Thanks again.
•
archivo
cronologico
Asociacibn Soya de Nicaragua
SOYNICA
De los Semaforos del Mercado Roberto Huembes,
Managua, Nicaragua
Apartado Postal A-157 C.C. Managua
melefono: 2 89 49 55
Telefax : 2 89 49 41
Email: soynica8sdnnic.org.ni
5 cuadras al Sur, m/d
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1/4/02 10:32 .AM
■Exchar.se> Midlevel health care providers’ role in abortion care
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Midlevel health care providers' role iu abortion care
Date: Thu; 3 Jan 2002 09:59:12 +0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
From: <Merrill.Wolf.WolfM@ipas.org>
> December 27, 2001 At a recent landmark conference in South Africa,
> 50 prominent health care providers, issued a call to action in support of
advancing the role of midlevel health care providers in menstrual regulation
and safe abortion care.
> 'Worldwide, midlevel health care providers including nurses, mid> wives, physician assistants and others are far more numerous than
> physicians.They also tend to be much closer to women and in many cases are
their only contact with the formal health care system. As such,
these
^^have a critical role to play in reducing deaths and injuries of women
> from unsafe abortion, which is a major cause of maternal mortality
> worldwide.”
> Especially in the world's poorest countries, women's inability to ob> tain high-quality medical care for abortion or abortion complications
> leads many to rely on unqualified practitioners or to try dangerous
> folk remedies. The World Health Organization estimates that, world> wide, more than 70,000 women die every year as a result of abortions
> performed by unqualified personnel in unhygienic conditions, or both.
> Experts agree that these deaths and the millions of injuries that
> also result from unsafe abortion are wholly preventable.
> The deaths and suffering of women from unsafe abortion will not de> crease significantly until a range of reproductive health care in> eluding postabortion care and elective abortion is available and
> accessible to women at the most local level possible.
It is essential for health systems to create policy and service delivery
°pvironmen ts that enable menstrual regulation and/or abortion care to be as
^Bcessible as possible to women.
> The experience in several countries shows that training and equipping
midlevel providers greatly improves women's ability to obtain needed
services.
Conference statement:
> Worldwide, nearly 80,000 women die every year and millions more suf> fer serious complications and disabilities from unsafe abortion,
> which is wholly preventable. Even in countries where abortion-related
> maternal mortality is low, women still often lack access to abortion
> care and other reproductive health services that they want and need.
> Increasing the accessibility of menstrual regulation (MR) and/or safe
> abortion care is a key strategy in reducing unacceptably high rates
> of maternal mortality and morbidity, and in ensuring women's ability
> to exercise their sexual and reproductive rights. Since midlevel
> health care providers are more numerous and tend to be closer to
> women than physicians, they have a critical role to play in meeting
1/4/02 10:34 AM
^.Exchange* Midleve! health care providers' role in abortion care
>
-- neecs for pcstabortion care, J4R and
> -Ll -s
termination of pregnancy.
in circumstances where
><rxoerrence in Bangladesh, South Africa and several other countries
> demonstrates that authorizing, training and equipping midlevel pro-
> viders to deliver MR and/or abortion care can make an important dif•> Irenes in improving women's access to needed services.
H
iD
‘y H
.
rD O
sting an enabling environment to expand and strengthen midlevel
viders' scope of practice is especially important in situations
re they are the principal or only health care providers in the
> communities where women live.
> As health care providers, researchers, policymakers and representa> tives of technical agencies, we, the participants in the first-ever
> international meeting exploring midlevel providers' role in MR and
> abortion care, strongly believe:
that women deserve prompt access to high-quality MR and/or abortion
> care,
> . that it is essential for health systems to create policy and ser> vice-delivery environments that enable MR and/or abortion care to be
> as accessible as possible to women, and
> . that women's access to such care can be greatly enhanced by better
^^integrating these services into midlevel providers' scope of prac> .
> All of us who are committed to enhancing women's health and lives
> have a responsibility to facilitate women's access to the reproduc> five health care they want and need, including menstrual regulation
> and abortion care.
> This conference has strengthened our commitment to fulfill this
> critical mandate an effort in which midlevel providers clearly play
> a key role. As a network of concerned professionals, we call on gov> ernments, health policymakers, nongovernmental organizations, inter> national organizations, donors and others to take action in support
> of advancing the role of midlevel providers in menstrual regulation
> and safe abortion care.
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1/4/02 10:34 AM
xchanae> Small-tx-.Je ; c?. cco Farmers Lose Out As Global IndusUy Prospers
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers Lose Out As Global Industry Prospers
Date: Sun. 6 Jan 2002 09:14:53 -0700
From: "FCA Coordinator" <FCTCalliance@inet.co.th>
To: <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org>
For Immediate Release
December IS, 2001
Contact: Ross Hammond
1-415-695-7492
NEW REPORT DETAILS ECONOMIC, SOCIAL & ENVIRONMENTAL COST OF TOBACCO FARMING
IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
^ffhington, DC. (December IS, 2001) - A new report released by the Campaign
for Tobacco Free Kids examines the economic, social and environmental costs
of tobacco farming. aCteGolden Leaf, Barren Harvest: The Costs of Tobacco
FamingLEC makes the case that the rapid growth of tobacco farming in the
developing world encouraged and facilitated by the tobacco industry has not
brought '.-rith it the promised economic benefits. Indeed,
the P.eport finds
that the rapid spread of tobacco farming in developing countries has brought
with it a host of environmental, health and social problems. It has also
caused over production in the global tobacco market, that contributes to the
profitability of the manufacturers but undermines the economic well-being of
farmers as more and more farmers compete with each other to sell tobacco
leaf to the companies at lower and lower prices.
The Report draws primarily on tobacco industry sources. While a few
large-scale tobacco growers have prospered, the vast majority of tobacco
growers in the developing world barely eke out a living while toiling for
the companies. Many tobacco■farmers are now stuck producing a crop chat is
labor and input intensive and causes a myriad of health and environmental
dancers. The P.enort details the many serious economic and environmental
costs associated with tobacco cultivation that the tobacco companies have
1/8/02 11:09 AM
xchanae> Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers Lose Out As Global ludustiy Prospers
'4
tried to gloss over. These include:
<i, — Chronic indebtedness among tobacco farmers (usually to the companies
themselves).
a,— The diversion of land previously used for growing food to grow tobacco.
a,— New technologies employed by the companies which reduce the amount of
tobacco used per cigarette.
a.— Manipulation by the tobacco companies of the grading system which has led
to lower prices for fanners.
a — Serious environmental destraction caused bv tobacco farming, particularly
the massive deforestation caused by tobacco curing.
a,— An increase in pesticide-related health problems for farmers and their
families.
jk Report also details the tobacco industry SEP'S efforts to manipulate the
plight of tobacco fanners for their own gain through the use of front groups
and their current efforts to undermine the global tobacco control treaty
currently being negotiated under the auspices of the World Health
Organization. As the Report shows, even with global demand for tobacco leaf
growing,
the inescapable problems with tobacco farming make it a losing
investment for most countries and farmers.
The report is available on the web at:
http://tobaccofreekids.orq/campaiqn/qlobal/FCTCreportl.pdf.
Copies can also be obtained by writing to Monica Flores at
loresSTobaccoFreeKids.org>
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxXxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
Ross Hammond, Consultant
242 Edna Street
San Francisco, CA 94112
USA
1.8'02 11:09 AM
A-Exchange> Small-Scale Ibbacco Fanners Lose Out As Global Industry Prospers
h^-p;/ztobaccsfreekids.erg/campaign/global/
Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers Lose Out As Global Industry Prospers
The rapid spread of tobacco farming in impoverished countries over recent years has failed to live up to its economic promise and has
worsened conditions for small-scale growers, according to a new report from a major United States anti-smoking organization.
Ra^ed primarily on tobacco industry sources, the report—released this week by Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids—concludes not only
that tobacco farming has fallen short of expectations, but that it has also created environmental, health, and social problems in
I^Limimiiies which have taken up die practice.
"While a few large-scale tobacco growers have prospered," according to the report, 'Golden Leaf, Barren Harvest: The Costs of
Tobacco Farming,'1 the vast majority of tobacco growers in the Global South barely eke out a living toiling for the companies."
In many cases, poor tobacco farmers fall into debt, often to the tobacco companies themselves, and suffer health problems due to the
large amounts of pesticides required to grow a healthy crop.
In addition, surrounding areas often suffer serious environmental damage, primarily because the wood needed for curing tobacco is cut
from nearby forests, contributing to "massive deforestation" over time, according to the report.
The report was released amid heightened international controversy over tobacco due to ongoing efforts by the Geneva-based World
Health Organization (WHO) to draft a Framework Convention on Tobacco Control (FCTC) by the year 2003.
.Anti-tobacco activists hope the FCTC, when completed, will include a global ban on the advertising and promotion of cigarettes,
backed up with tough sanctions against tobacco companies which violate it.
The world's three largest tobacco companies—British .American Tobacco (BAT), Philip Morris, and Japan Tobacco-oppose such a ban
and argue that the industry can regulate itself. The companies have tried to gain allies among tobacco-producing countries in the FCTC
negotiations by arguing that their economies could be hit hard by a tough Convention.
Some four million people a year currently die from tobacco-related diseases, a number that could jump to 10 million over the next three
decades given current trends, particularly increased smoking in poor countries.
.As the United Stales and other developed countries have tightened tobacco advertising rules over the past 30 years and smoking has
declined in popularity; tobacco companies have increasingly looked to developing countries as markets of the future.
Major cigarette companies have spent billions of dollars in poorer countries building new factories, entering joint-venture agreements
with private and government-owned tobacco companies, and buying formerly state-owned factories.
The top three companies now own or lease manufacturing facilities in over 50 countries and buy tobacco in dozens more. Companies
have also provided credit and other inputs at bargain rates to encourage farmers to switch from food crops to tobacco.
As a result, global tobacco production has grown by almost 60 percent since the mid-1970s with the bulk of the increase coming from
developing countries, particularly China, India, Brazil, Malawi, Zimbabwe, and Vietnam.
This massive increase in production has resulted in a worldwide surplus and a shar p decline in prices that has proved ruinous to small
fanners in poor countries, according to the report.
1/8/02 11:19 AM
\-Exclian2e> Small-Scale Tobacco Fanners Lose Out As Global Industry Prospers
•
.
,
• i« ^rzUncr tn the renort "the inescapable problems with tobacco farming make it a
"Even wiln global demand for tobacco leaf growing, according to tn
p ,
losing investment for most countries and farmers."
The xvor'H Bark wh-ch has also taken a dim view of both the economic and health effects of tobacco, stopped providing loans for
tobacco prc^X, proving or marketing, in 1992 and
in 1997
WHO in
in calhng
tobacco controls.
controls.
nd in
1997 joined
joined the
the WHO
calling for
for tight
tight tobacco
Both WHO and the Bank are backing efforts to develop alternative crops for tobacco farmers in poor countries.
Source: Jim Lobe, ■Small-Scale Tobacco Farmers Lose Out As Global Industry Prospers', Friday December 28, OneWorld US
v
. •>
.
h nnp.m-ld'20011228/wlAniall-scale tobacco farmers lose_out_as_globaljndustry_prospers j.html
http: daih’news.yahoo.coni-n.-'oneuoiio/zuui
1/8/02 11:19 AM
A'ExchMse> Re Docs r Released
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Re: Doctor Released
Date: Thu. 10 Jan 2002 18:44:23 +0530
From: "Mathura P Shrestha" <mathura@healthnet.org.np>
To: "Stephen Bezruchko" <sabez@u.Washington.edu>
Thanks to every body. Dr. Jitendra Mahaseth is now released. The show of
international solidarity '.-.’as very effective
Mathura P. Shrestha
PSRN
PHA-Exchance is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To cost, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
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'1
1/11/02 8:13 AM
A-bxchange* About
ISPs
Subject: PHA-Exchange> About PRSPs
Date: Mon.. 7 Jan 2002 21:48:09 *0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
Where is health? a contribution to the PRSP review
December 2001
Ellen VerheuL Wemos, the Netherlands (ellen.verheul@wemos.nl); Mike Rowson, Medact. UK (mikerowson@medact.org)
INTRODUCTION
11% of the global health budget is spent in the low- and middle-income countries, where 84% of the global population lives. 1,1
billion people do not have access to clean water. 2,4 billion people lack access to sanitation. One third of deaths in developing countries
are due to preventable and/or treatable conditions.
Health is a fundamental human right and a prerequisite for development. Health targets are central to the International Development
Targets, meant to be the overriding goals for the PRSP approach. Although health is often claimed to be a priority area in poverty
reduction strategies, a review of 2 fid! PRSPs and 8 I-PRSPs shows that key concerns in relation to poverty and health are ignored or
insufficiently addressed.
Ln this contribution to the PRSP review process, we focus on what we feel is still missing in the PRSPs and identify areas where donors
fail to support the PRSP countries. Our concerns are listed under rhe main headings of the Key Questions for Review of the PRSP
Approach. .Areas for future action are presented in the boxes.
content of strategies
Missing links between poverty reduction and macroeconomic and trade policies:
PRSPs show a gap between social policies and the macro-economic framework. Protection of government social expenditures is one
irtant aspect. But equally important for health is consideration of how economic change influences incomes, prices and household
ng strategies. This issue has been brought to the fore repeatedly over the last two decades in relation to the debt crisis of the 1980s,
the problems in the transition economies in the 1990s and then in the aftermath of the Mexican and East Asian financial crises. In each
case, increases in poverty (often dramatic) have followed these economic changes. The role of safety nets and other social protection
instruments is often promoted as a solution to problems caused by rapid economic change. However, in view of the limited resources
and coverage of most safety nets, clearly a much better solution would be to ensure that economic policies, as far as possible, do not
cause har m to vulnerable population groups in the first place.
•
Similarly, PRSPs fail to identify and challenge the hindrances that international policies may have on health or national poverty
reduction strategies. The international trade agreements under the WTO regime, like the TRIPS and GATS agreements, need to be
assessed on their potential health impact before being implemented in national regulation and policies.
Countries should weigh alternative macro-economic and trade policy options and their trade oils in the development of poverty
reduction strategies. Ex-ante impact assessments of policy options would greatly enhance an informed dialogue and transparent and
democratic decision making. PRSPs should be clear about the redistributive impact of the proposed policies.
Limited increase health budgets:
Health systems of low-income countries are generally severely under-resourced, prohibiting these countries to achieve the 2015 health
1 -TO 02 5:00 PM
^Exchange* About PRSPs
i?.',gels, A growing number of countries in fact even face reversals in the decline in infant and child mortality as well as declining life
vxpeviaricies. The median per capita health budget for sub-Saharan Africa stands at $6, only 50% of the $12 basic package. The mean
ftsi the lowest income countries in .Africa is just S3 per capita. WHO estimates that S60 per capita is needed for reasonable health care.
PRSPs show in general modest commitments to increase budget allocations for health services. The problem is that in these countries
the national economy is simply too small to generate adequate health budgets. This is illustrated by Tanzania, which has undertaken a
health costing exercise as part of the PRSP development. The technical studies indicate that the financing of acceptable levels of health
care would cost about S9 per head. This would mean a doubling of the present health budget, which would be still 25% below the
recommended $12 per capita basic package. Instead of asking for increased donor assistance, the government of Tanzania has decided
to limit the budget.
PRSPs should clearly indicate the financing gap for health, in order to challenge donors to fill litis gap. Budgets should be determined
on the basis of needs rather than estimations of (limited) donor resources The achievement of development targets should not be
compromised.
Failure to tackle adverse impacts of user fees:
There is widespread international consensus on the need to avoid user charges at the point of service delivery, because of the adverse
impacts on the poor. It is therefore remarkable that most PRSPs continue to promote user fees for health, including for basic services.
Most PRSPs do not go beyond proposing exemption schemes to protect access for (categories among) the poor. In practise exemption
schemes are difficult to implement and in general fail to protect many poor from being charged. User fees force patients to use ail kinds
oping mechanisms that are poverty-inducing, like borrowing, reducing other essential expenses, selling productive assets or delaying
rse of health services. Furthermore user fees may provide incentives for health workers to over-prescribe and over-refer to higher
levels of care, thereby reducing the quality of care.
»
Governments should revisit their user fee policies in view of poverty reduction. They should develop a long term financing scheme
based on risk-pooling between the sick and healthy and risk-sharing between the rich and poor. The most equitable and feasible option
for low-income countries are tax-based health financing systems, supported by external aid, as recommended by WHO. Donors should
refrain from imposing the introduction or increase of user fees in developing countries.
Tro-poor' content of health policies unclear:
Economic crisis and austerity measures imposed by structural adjustment led to plummeting health budgets in the 1980s. Governments
had no choice but to withdraw from health service provision, leaving growing gaps to be filled by the profit and non-profit sector. The
health sector reforms initiated in the context of structural adjustment have not been very successful in many countries. This is largely
due to severe underfunding and underestimating the complexity’ of the process. While the reforms focussed strongly on financial
management and organisational matters, service delivery was neglected.
PRSPs seem to continue downsizing the government’s role in service provision and encourage private provision. Governments with
weak capacities for service provision often welcome private provision, even though the costs may be higher. However, there is an
iaKrent contradiction in this situation, as governments with weak capacities for service provision usually’ have weak regulatory
flBcities. Privatisation within an unregulated environment will foster unregulated private provision of essential services, with obvious
adverse consequences for access for the poor. In this scenario, efficiency, quality and equity goals for the health system as a whole can
easily be undermined.
The PRSPs reviewed also show a narrow' approach to health. They describe health from a target-oriented basic health and disease
approach, and strongly emphasise the ‘diseases of the poor' - .AIDS, tuberculosis and malaria. The question is whether these priorities
really reflect national priorities or merely donor wishes, with large funds being available to tackle the major communicable diseases.
PRSPs should outline a long-term strategy' for health sector development that will guarantee access for the poor to quality' services.
Countries can learn from the experiences of low-income countries that achieve good health outcomes, by providing equitable and
comprehensive public health care at low costs, such as Sri Lanka, Jamaica and Botswana These countries have emphasised the
improvement of services in the areas where most of the poor live. Prevention and medical services were combined with community'
1.-10/02 5:00 PM
A-Exdiaiwc> About PRSPs
action and improvement of water, sanitation, nutrition and education.
Donors should finance nationally defined, integrated policies instead of linking funding to their own priorities, which often focus solely
on a few 'diseases of the poor'.
constraints
Insufficient aid flows:
ODA fell to a historic low average of 0,23% of GDP in the nineties. About S3 billion of total ODA is spent on health in low-income
countries. Donor assistance to health in the least developed countries is only S2 dollar per capita per year. The WHO Commission on
Macroeconomics and Health estimates that besides comprehensive debt relief an extra SI0-20 billion per year would be needed for
disease control alone. The much trumpeted Global Health Fund, which aims to mobilise new funding for health, has only received
commitments of SI.5 billion. Much of tins money however is coming from existing ODA budgets.
Insufficient grant flows increase low-income countries' reliance on loans to finance the health sector. This is problematic for highly
indebted countries, since health services in themselves will not deliver the foreign currency needed for debt repayments. The global
nomic downturn, deepening after September 11, will only further diminish the economic prospects of countries with weak
nomies. Average per capita incomes in Africa have not risen since 1970.
•
Rich countries should set a timeframe to achieve the minimum ODA level of 0,7% GDP. ODA should be given in the form of untied
grants 10 implement the rational poverty reduction strategies. Resources for the health sector should flow through nationally defined
strategies. The creation of new parallel aid mechanisms, such as the Global Health Fund, should be avoided.
Insufficient and debt relief and creditors not accountable for own mistakes:
It is widely acknowledged that the I-HPC Initiative fails to offer a way out of the debt crisis. Many countries in sub-Sahara Africa are
still repaying their creditors more than twice the budget available for health. Debt sustainability criteria that do not reflect countries
development needs. In addition, HIPC does not offer a solution for the debt accrued for failing programmes and projects. While the
World Bank is tlte single largest financier of health in developing countries, the Bank admits a weak knowledge base for pro-poor
health interventions. The Bank's performance record in health is weak according to its own evaluation department. Less than half of all
HXP projects were sustainable after completion. Only 21% of the projects made substantial contributions to institutional development
and policy’ change in the sector. As a result, the population in the recipient countries suffers from the consequences of the debts
repayments for projects that do not contribute to improvement of health service delivery’.
Wrre is an urgent need for broader and deeper debt reiief beyond the current HIPC initiative, to prevent the outflow of resources that
countries need for reaching the development goals. Debt sustainability criteria should be based on development needs. Decision making
on debt relief needs to be shifted to a transparent and independent arbitration system. Creditors should be held accountable for their
mistakes and cancel debts accrued for failing projects.
Not bridging the gap between health and macro-economic policies:
The Bank and the Fund have thus far failed to assess the social and poverty’ impact of the macro-economic frame-work of their
programmes, despite acknowledging at the launch of the PRSP approach that ‘poverty and social impact analyses of the policy
measures underpinning poverty reauction strategies are critical to ensuring that the potential effects on the poor and vulnerable groups
are taken into account in urogramme design'. The World Bank has only recently started with pilots in six countries.
Specialised UN agencies like the World Health Organisation should provide independent support to governments for assessing the
potential impact of economic and trade policies on equity and health. Monitoring the implications of structural adjustment measures for
health falls within in the mandate of the WHO.
Incoherent donor policies:
1/10/02 5:0-1 PA
^-FxcliangO About PRSPs
Donors should respect and support nationally developed strategies. This is not only relevant to PRCS and PRGF credits, which are in
theory linked to the PRSP, but should apply for ail Bank-Fund supported programmes and strategies. This is not the case. The draft
‘Private Sector Development strategy of the World Bank for example envisages an increasing role for (prolit and non-profit) private
sector provision of basic social services. Commercial health care provision however will not lead to improved access to the poor.
especially in unregulated environments. The Bank's strategy would undermine government efforts to build universal public health
st stems in the context of pox city reduction. The Bank is in fact a significant driving force for privatisation in health care, through
projects, investments and institutional support for multinationals. IFC is explicit about its objective to move ‘aggressively' to invest in
sectors such as health care. The question is what happens if countries choose not to privatise health care provision in their PRSP.
The World Bank and IMF should respect national strategies in all their programmes and conditions. Furthermore the Bank and Fund
should adhere to the br ier national bodv of human rights law. The human rights framework should be the basis for all policies,
programmes and projects. Countries should resist accepting reforms and conditions that force them to breach their obligations towards
the rights of their own populations. These rights include the right to development, participation, non-discrimination and the right to
health and education.
1/10/02 5:04 PM
.xchaage* \\ ) ;0 Commissionor. Macr.vw::. i. Possibility of Collaborative .Analysis
Subject: PHA-Exchange> WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health: Possibility of
Collaborative Analysis
Bate: Tue, 15 Jan 2002 23:05:31 -1J 00
From: David Legge <d.lcgge@latrobe.edu.au>
To.- r?FICWORLD\\TDE@yahoogroups.com, PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org,
health-fin@lists.vicnet.net.au
Globalisation on trial
world health warning issued
Report of WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health
A high level WHO commission has wanted the rich world that unless there is a dramatic increase in
development assistance for health the legitimacy and stability of the current regime of global economic
governance may be seriously threatened.
The report
The report of the WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) is now available at:
<http: ' wwvv3.who.ini whosis mcnu.cfm?path=whosis.cmh&language=english>
This report will have a big impact on policies and programs in the field of health development. It is a major
intervention in discussions about official development assistance including the role of the World Bank (and
PRSPs).
Opportunity
The debate around the report will also provide an important opportunity to challenge neoliberal orthodox}' in
development policy and to further undermine the legitimacy of the prevailing regime of global economic
governance.
The purpose of this posting is to invite health activists, NGOs and academics, who see in this regime of global
economic governance the major causes of health stagnation in the developing world, to a collaboration in
developing a strong response to the CMH: building uopn its sombre warning to the captains of capital while
challenging many of its assumptions and conclusions.
^Background
The WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) was established by the Director-General of
WHO in January 2000. The Commission w as chaired by' Professor Jeffrey Sachs of Harvard. It members and
helpers included former ministers of finance, people from the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund.
the World Trade Organisation, the United Nations Development Program, the Economic Commission on Africa
and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. The Commission was financially supported
by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Rockefeller Foundation and the UN Foundation and by the
governments of the UK. Luxembourg, Ireland, Norway and Sweden. The CMH presented its final report to Dr
Bruntland in December 2001.
The Commission set up six working groups, on: health, economic growth, and poverty reduction: international
public goods for health: mobilisation of domestic resources for health; health and the international economy:
improving health outcomes of the poor: development assistance and health. The reports ol the working groups
are indexed at:
<>v’n- vw.-- who.int whosis emit emh napcrs'c'papersicfin?paihzcnih.cmh^.Eera&language^gllglish;>
[von may need to reconstitute this URL if it gels broken in transmission]
1.1S-02 11: 12 AM
Exchange* WHO Commission on .Macroecon...th: Possibility of Collaborative Analysis
urtrn
Dr Grc- Harlem Brundtland welcomed the report of the WHO Commission on
'
1
point, snc saru.
influence how development assistance i< prioritized and coordinated in the years io come."
A provisional assessment
it is a difficult report to analvsc The argument is tortuous and quite selective in its use of evidence. In places
it stretches fact, logic and credulity to the point of combustion. It is difficult to read the strategic purpose of the
DG in commissioning the report and that of the members of the Commission in framing their presentation. It is
dear that the report N mean* to he read at several different levels.
flic core of the report is this, globalisation is on trial: unless there is a dramatic increase in development
assistance for health care in low income countries the legitimacy and stability of the current regime of global
economic governance will be seriously threatened. It is a warning to the G8, the Paris Club and the Bretton
Woods institutions to slow down on globalisation and redirect significant resources to health care in the poorer
countries.
This is quite a finding, given the members of the Commission - which is partly why it is such an important
opportunity for engagement.
However it is a big report and is accompanied by dozens of working group reports. There is a lol of material to
absorb and consider. 1 his raises questions about how Third World governments, health activists, NGOs and
academics who had already come to this central conclusion might respond to the report.
A global collaboration in analysing and responding io the CMH report?
I have read the report and most of its working group reports and I have prepared a preliminary' analysis which I
have posted at:
■flitip:- users.bigpond.net.au sanguileggi PrelimAnalCMHRepon.html>
"tope this preliminary review will encourage people to read and think about the CMH report. I hope that the
perspectives that I have presented may be usefill to others in the task of interpreting, analysing and critiquing
the report.
However, the work involved in considering thoroughly the report and that of the working groups is not trivial.
The Commission had the resources of Bill Gates and the World Bank at its disposal. The networks of activists,
NGOs and academics who might wish to take the opportunity to challenge the logic and legitimacy of the
current regime of global governance do not have such resources. But we have our own experts and we are in
touch with the current lived circumstances of different settings and different countries.
So I am proposing a slobal collaboration around the task of analysing and responding to the CMH report.
A global analysis would need a coordinating function: a systematic approach to analysis and critique; a
coordinated approach to generating alternative strategies and policy principles; a process and avenues for
dissemination and follow up. I really don’t know how these should be organised.
Process and outcomes
As I envisage it the material outcomes of this collaboration would be a collection of articles published in a very'
wide range of websites and journals. They might or might not be identified as arising from this collaboration
k hich might or might not be blessed with an formal name).
I am expecting that through this collaboration people in different parts of the world might collaborate in
producing different critiques or commentaries for different purposes and different audiences.
As a starter I have produced the preliminary' analysis addressed above. I would like to publish this commentary
but 1 am not sure where and I would greatly appreciate feedback and commentary on the current draft before I
do.
Perhaps the commentary might serve as a useful framework for claiming and allocating the work which is yet to
be done.
1.18'02 11:12.wvi
■ ■ -
1
’
■ Ci
.....
th Possibility of Collaborative Analysis
Another framework would be the set of working papers referenced above.
A global collaborative critique?
Please read rhe report and my preliminary analysis and answer the following questions:
•
Do you agree that the report of the CMH justifies a strong and critical response?
*
Do you agree that we could organise and collaborate in a globalised analysis and response through
the medium of this and related lists?
®
How docs a loosely knit global community' of health activists undertake such a project?
•
What can you and your organisation contribute to such a process?
«■
Are there particular aspects of the report that you would like to focus upon?
Best wishes
^jiavid legge
David Legge
School ofPublic Health
La Trobe University. Victoria. 3086, Australia
http:-"tvww.latrobe.edu.au/publichealth/references/profiles/dgl4sph.him
-61/(03) 9489 1934 (hm/ph); +61/(03) 9479 5849 (wk/ph)
-61/(03)9482 1201 (hm/fx); +61/(03)9479 1783 (wk/fx)
Mobile phone: 0408 991417
email: d.legge@latrobe.edu.au
1.18/02 11:41 AM
IA-Exchffiisic> South Asia AHistce for Pcx. .
■ cf Concern. statement of purpose
Subject: PUA-Exchange> South Asia Alliance for Poverty Eradication: Statement of Concern;
statement of purpose
Date: Wed, J6 Jan 2002 19:23:07 -0600
From: "Rural Reconstruction Nepal-RRN" <rm@rm.org.np>
Organization: RRN
To: <pha-cxchangc@kabissa.org>
"Eradication of abject poverty is the utmost necessity to affirm social justice and lasting peace"<?xml:namespace prefix =
o ns =' urn.schemas-microsoft-comiorfice.'office'' />
~.Sotrfh <1xtnl:namespace pretix - st! ns = "urn:schemas-microsoft-coni:office:smarttags" i>A.sia Alliance for Poverty Eradication
(SAAPE)
Statement of Concern: Statement of Purpose
jun the occasion of the 11"1 Summit of South Asian Association for Regional Co-operation (SAARC) in Kathmandu,
"'iepal from 4 to 6 January 2002. the members of the South Asia Alliance for Poverty Eradication (SAAPE) call upon the
Heads of States or Governments gathered here to renew their commitments for promoting the welfare of the people of
South Asia, particularly the excluded, the poor, the marginalized, and all those who have nor had access to basic health
care, basic education, shelter and fundamental rights. The tasks of eradicating poverty, hunger, disease, illiteracy.
unemployment, tackling environmental degradation and food insecurity need to be jointly addressed. As members of
social movements and organisations working for the development through empowerment of the people living in poverty,
we urge SAARC members to implement the commitments of their governments and bring at a regional level increased
serious and meaningful cooperation for eradiating poverty and eliminating social injustice. In this context, we share with
you our statement of concern and purpose as follows;
Senior development workers social movement leaders, leading academics and concerned citizens from Bangladesh,
Bhutan, India. Nepal. Pakistan and Sri Lanka
came together to discuss critical issues of poverty eradication, to
strategise about ways to create more just societies within the region, and to plan for serious regional cooperation. This
meeting was held in Kathmandu. Nepal, and was a follow-up to the earlier South Asian Civil Society Conference held in
September 2000 at Manesar, Haryana, India. The Kathmandu meeting resolved to establish a regional Alliance for
collective work on poverty eradication. This statement was adopted as the basis for future action together in the newly
formed Soutn Asia Alliance for lOverty Eradication.
The Alliance Members share the views that governments of the region have a responsibility to ensure that all of their
citizens have basic human rights to life and livelihood. The State collects taxes from the people, and has a direct
responsibility to provide affordable quality education health services, food security, etc. The State should not only
confine its role to regulating the freedom of the marketplace; nor should the state abdicate its role by handing over the
responsibility for providing social services to the private sectors. NGOs and other civil society actors. The state, with
honesty, sincerity, economy, and simplicity must piay its rightful and historical role in the countries of the region.
In addition, the members reject the dominant development thinking which dictates that the best way to get the best life
for the largest number of people is to promote a globalised world economy marked by "free trade", liberalization and
privatisation. In the region of South Asia, we know that this approach to development causes hardship and misery to
many people living in our reg.on. We believe that Alternative Development Approaches will better serve the people of
South Asia. We commit ourselves supporting to discover, define, and disseminate these Approaches, evolved through
listening to. learning from and working with the people of our countries.
Members of the Alliance will continue to work with people living in poverty, urging their national governments to review
and impiement tneir commitments to the eradication of all forms of poverty which resuit in marginalisation. At the same
time, members of the Alliance feel that some of the major problems faced by people living in conditions of poverty are
particularly accentuated by globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation. These cannot be solved in isolation from other
countries in the region. The members of the Alliance from various civil society organisations have agreed to build and
strengthen alliances around common issues.
1/18 02 10.17.VM
'-ExchanaO South Asia Alliance for Pov.tatement of Concern; statement of purpose
msmue-s underscore the grave crises that mark the entire region -
*
o.o?..no numbers of people living in conditions of extreme poverty,
•
skewed development policies leading to large scale displacements of poor people.
•
mass migration increasina the fragility of rural based populations, particularly landless labourers and poor peasants,
•
the escalating violence faced by women living in abject poverty.
•
the declining social sector expenditures by governments.
•
the increasing costs of militarisation.
•
the acute distress of large masses of people neglected by unresponsive governments implementing distorted agenda
of development priorities.
»
severely endangered food security aggravated by multinational companies acquiring patent rights over our
bio-diversity,
•
the dismantling of government food security systems in the name of privatisation.
»
forced and exploited labour.
escalating communalism and fundamentalism which are undermining the oeople's struggles to
address the root
of poverty,
•
the people's right to information not being uniformly available in the region.
•
social conflict within countries resulting from state and other systemic suppression over people. People raise their
voices about real problems, and the State does not listen to them, resulting in frustration, and violence in
o
governments not addressing the structural causes of poverty,
•
escalating numbers of refugees in the region, and
»
extremely
high
national
debt
as
a
result
of
international
financial
institutional
borrowing
etc
Members of the Alliance call on governments in all countries of the region to implement genuine agrarian reforms, to put
in place mechanisms to ensure profitable prices for all peasants and to initiate rural development policies which would
provide further food securities to those living in poverty and deprivation.
^Members of the Alliance call for the governments of the region to protect the People's Rights over natural resources^md. water, forest, minerals, shrubs and herbs. The bio-diversity of the region must be protected for local people.
To address the problems of landless labourers and poor peasants, the Alliance Members call for a campaign against the
use of every kind of forced and bonded labour, and at the same time, for a campaign for Minimum Wages to all informal
sector workers, especially agriculture labourers - both men and women.
Women living in oovertv in all the countries of the region are facing high degrees of exploitation, both in terms of denial
of their righrs as citizens, their exclusion from political participation, and also in terms of property rights. Trafficking in
women and children has increased and it is alarming to note the lack of sensitiveness to this issue. Forced violence
aga.nst women even extends to honour killings , dowry deaths . and female foeticides in .he region, leading io alarming
deciine in female io maie sex ratio. Governments must act to protect and empower vulnerable women. Active steps must
pe taken to stop these practices.
1 IS 02 10.47.WI
C4
a-Exchange> South Asia Alliance for Poi...tatement of Concern: statement of purpose
Various religious and social factors and an overall situation of patriarchy prevent women's participation, decision making
and equal rignts. including access and control over property and resources. Tnese can only be addressed through legal
reform and charges in resource allocation. Also, when there are more opportunities and space for women to improve
their situations women themselves will act. Governments should take effective and efficient actions to implement all
/*ttention °f governments is also drawn to the need to eradicate child labour and to provide compulsory free basic
B°U;-ation likewise. concrete actions need to be taken to materialise the vision of signed International Conventions
such as ORC (Convention or the Rights of the Child)
JCebt payments are a crippling feature of the economies of the region. They are a result of the pressures of Globalised
Economic roiicies and a:e one of the causes of continuing poverty. Members call for trie immediate and unconditional
Cancellation of Debt in tne countries ot Couth Asia, and governments are urged to divert the resources that would be
used for debt oavment. to women and children's health, education, socio-economic empowerment, drinking water, and
.cJr>c;,"!'oc for rgrm inn1, its and rood security.
In order to address the plight of refugees, negotiations are needed to facilitate repatriation refugees returning to their
countries with dignity and honour. without fear of persecution.
Further, trie repatriation of refugees is important in
aggressing tne impoverishment that results for the citizens of the countries in the region that house refugees.
Alliance members urge governments tn address in a timely planned way the fundamental causes of social conflicts with
multiple strategies involving local people so that such conflicts can be prevented from escalating into violence.
i he South Asia Alliance for Poverty Eradication and its members are committed to undertake the following roles and
responsibilities.
monitor national governments in their performance to implement their commitments,
resist anti-poor policies, be they economic, social, political or environmental,
encourage regional development cooperation amongst the governments of the region, as well as amongst non-state
ac:ors,
•
develop strategies which create space for people's initiatives and support people's struggles for reinstating social
justice
recognising
the
specific
and
different
contexts
of
marginalised
groups,
«
facilitate alliances in the region and support existing networks. to work on strategies that could effectively change
and combat the harmful economic policies of corporate globalisation, liberalisation and privatisation
which cause increasing poverty in tne region.
•
common strategies thot make governments, states, and local authorities accountable and responsive to
establish regional dialogue with the European Union, and other international bodies and networks, both state and
civil society ones that can be seen as allies in the struggle to control and change strong international
actors who are causino impoverishment in the region - indeed, in the world.
set up a "People for Peace" initiative in the region to work towards peace in the region.
influencing governments to reduce defence expenditures, and
incornorafe
Media"
for communication
.....---- "Communitv
, ...
----- ...
......
o and
-• • - informinri
O about techno.loav
This will include
success stories of differing
communities and people's initiatives within the region.
The times call for joint resistance to external interventions that harm equitable distribution of resources within countries.
All development policies, plans and budget exercises need a people's audit so that the planning process may be owned
by the people living in the areas.
1 18 02 10:47 AM
^.Exchanges- South .Asia .Alliance for Pov...tateinent of Concern: statement of purpose
Civil and political rights essentially fortify people's access to economic, social and cultural rights. Social justice is under
sieoe and people's organisations have indeed shown success in realising constitutional rights, as a result of their field
and policy interventions.
^'•'Uth-South and South-North exchanges and alliances strengthen social actions, and are necessary in these complex
economic and social times. Therefore, the members of the Alliance present in Kathmandu invite all like-minded social
aeveiopment organisations ano movements in South Asia to join, and propose a system of affiliation for supporters living
outside the region.
I
us ir>in hands m united1-' fight against poverty hunger and social injustice"
Sincerely yctits.
Sarba Raj Khadka
Executive Director
Rural Reconstruction Nepal (RRN1
(NGO in Spec:?.: Consultative Status with ECOSOC of the United Nations)
PO Box SI30
Laztmpat, Kathmandu, Nepal
lei: 977 I 415418
Fax:977 1 41S296
E-mail'
n7?rrn pre- nn
1.18.02 10:47 AM
Codeine Cough Mixture Abuse
Subject:
iK'u.e: 'wed. 23 Jan 2002 14:?5:CC -0<SOu
*■* rom: k<1 cciuiHii <kireeBi»*«ri2'trn.Her.iny>
To: pha-exchange tTkabissa.org
Derr Fnends
C
~ • • 1 •'T *
Wfc/uij-j4.
i
aiii*h
- • 3 s u-rri.-i
■ T-it"
;’ne jure ot lucrative profits has ieo to the anuses in sales of cough mixtures containing the drug codeine. These cough
preparations are being indiscriminately sold to vulnerable targets, with drug addicts and youths being the prime victims.
These mixti ires are inrercen ?o- use as a cough suppressant and are deemed harmless in the public eye However it must be
noted that the active ’ncred ent codeine. is 2 narcotic drug 2nd its effects resemble those of morohine. It has the potential to
cause adcictive. or haoi'.~7om':ng. dependency.
^jarcotic drug is dangerous in large doses, causing stupor, coma, convulsions or death. Withdrawal symptoms such as
’^■nach cramps muscle aches and pains, nausea, anxiety, feelings of fear, craving, weakness and body chills can occur
TOuCWina <i~ciscriu'nnsia use.
The abuse of cohere .?? ran mixture sales supports the addiction habits of drug addicts There is no good reason to justify
the use of these narccdc couch mixtures as there are safer alternative treatments available. Furthermore, in many cases a
couch iS bsnencia'. an au.omaLc reflex mat the oody employs to nd irself o< accumulated phlegm in the chesi.
Crimes involving other narcotics such as heroin and marijuana resuit in harsh legal penalties for me offenders. CAP believes
the: similar strong measures are needed to curb yet another ugly facet of drug-pushing and addiction.
CAP has been caning for a ban on the sale of this narcotic medication. Instituting a ban will allow powers to pass to other
Aoendes suc-h as me pr.The harsher punitive actions mat follow will act as another deterrent in the control of drug abuse
come countries. jke tzgvpt ano Nepal, have taken such strong measures. We would line to hear o< rhe situation in othei
countries, namely;
>
>
is there a ban on the sale of codeine cough mixtures in your country, and if so. what were the
circumstances which led to such a ban: and.
if no ban exists, how is the sale of codeine cough mixtures controlled.
'.vc-’jiU appreciate any information you can share witn us.
Kireen
on c-sna.r or
c?.
iLz-rJc?
president
Consumers Association of Penang
228. Salan Cacalister
10400 Penang
Malays1?.;
A-Excban&.> A < all .0 Health Profession. ncipcte in piin-WcridEeonoinicForum Events
Subject: i'EA-Exchange> A Call to Health Professionals to Participate in antiAVorldEconomicForum
Events
Date: Sat. 12 Jan 2002 15:20:09 -0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: <pha-exchange;ffkabissa.org>
1.18.02 2:02 I’M
anti-WorldLconomicForuin Events
If>
I>
hoste
tn Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
write to: PHA-ExchangeSkabissa^org
h ttt:
www .lists.ktbissa.c rg/maiIman/liscinfo/oha-exchange
1/18.02 2:02 PM
nani.vn>
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T«:; <?i lA-Excl^Egc ,u k-J?-ssa.org>
i llA-hxchange> 12th March -WHO Statement on Middle East Conflict
Subject: PHA-Exchange> 12th March -WHO Statement on Middle East Conflict
Date: Fri, 5 Apr 2002 18:20:29 +0200
From: "Fawzia Rasheed" <rasheedf@bluewin.ch>
To: <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org>
12th March 2002
Statement by Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland, Director-General of the World Health
Organization
ESCALATION IN MIDDLE EASTERN CONFLICT RAISES MAJOR CONCERNS FOR HUMAN HEALTH
The latest escalation of violence in the Occupied Palestinian Territories,
in Israel, and in the refugee camps in the West Bank and in Gaza represents
a new and serious threat to the health of affected people - Palestinians,
Israelis, and others caught up in conflict. I have read reports prepared by
the International Committee of the Red Cross, the United Nations Relief and
Works Agency for Palestine Refugees and our own WHO staff. I am seriously
concerned about the consequences of the hostilities for people's health, not
only in injuries, disability and loss of life. They also severely disrupt
health services.
The targeting of civilians in the conflict is a deplorable development.
Beyond the immediate death and injuries there is a long term price that will
be borne, particularly by children, whose psychological health is being
directly affected.
I am particularly concerned about the difficulties for people in need to
reach and receive health services. This applies especially to children,
pregnant women and the disabled.
I am deeply troubled by the fact that several of the casualties of the
fighting have been health workers responding to people's acute needs and
distress.
I appeal to all sides in the conflict to accept the critical role of
doctors, nurses and paramedical workers on duty, to respect their
neutrality, equip them to save lives and relieve suffering, and allow them
to do this vital work in safety.
For further information, journalists can contact: Mr Jon Liden, Office of
the Director-General, WHO, Geneva, Telephone: (+41 22) 791 3982, Fax (+41
22) 791 4999, e-mail: 1idenj@who.ch.
All WHO Press Releases, Fact Sheets and Features as well as other
information on this subject can be obtained on Internet on the WHO home page
http : / Z’www. who . int /
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website: http:IIwww.lists.kabissa.orq/mailman/list info/pha-exchange
I of 1
4 8'02 9:24 ,\\
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VC;’. ?.'-..'‘C'rOUpS.COT:1.
MPBGVS EC on. 1.2 - 4 - 2002 & Retreat of BGVS MP and
Chhatisgarh on 13fi to !?;j* April 2002. Pachmarhi Hoshangabad,
MP.
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” umi sclicma s -niicros oft- c om: o111 ce ’ off!c c ’1
Dear friend.
MPRGvS Executive Committee meeting will be held on 12
- 4 - 2002 and it is also proposed io hold a three day Retreat ol
BGVS MB & C hiinrissnrh BC members. Disirici secretaries JBGVS
& Samatai and lew other members from 13u‘ to 15“‘ April 2002 at
Sciniflv Gfiiidln Vu'/h
Prnsliikshsn
Paiiclisvataii
02 [Near ..'
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jad, ' IP.
rhe Retreat will be focused on the follow ing few’ ooints:-
®
What should be the long term
prospective of BGVS
in the present uay
Socio - Political
siniation?
•
Our coordination & approa 1
with Rajn Gandlii
Shiksha
Mission,
Padhna
Badlma
Andeian & the
coming CEi program?
•
Gur approach with other area oi
activities like Health.
Primary
Education,
Gender & oilier
developmental
programs"
•
the role of BGVS District Units?
»
.Sustainability of the
<i.‘
?
DGVS MP & Chhatisgarh will be happy if you contribute your
r.
i'l; iioies £*".* our cacirc in ibi.'-. unpo^ianl caolrc camps.
Plcr.sc confirm your participation.
With regards
Do You Yahoo;
Yahoo’ Tax Center- online filial with TurboTax
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To: pha-exchange <7krfjissa.org
—AW; J.;I rgciit Appeal
uimt* ; r? 62 Apr - ' •’■'2 06* 2 X: 13 -0700
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Crass ?.r:< Red Creccenc Societies and their branches across rhe world,
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Subject: Pt-1A-Exchange> World Bank PSD
Date; Thu, 21 Mar 2002 06:00:47 +0700
r i onii
cix iWi"
a J< Hcrnani.v&>
1 o: pha-exchanse^kabissa.erg
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”we have extensive evidence that PSD approaches can work to’ reduce
rovertv
. . . but a great number of factors need to be taken into account to make
3/21,02 S.05 AM
3'21/02 S.08 z’Cvl
Subject: I’IIA-.Exchangc> Ke: Disappearance of Dr. Mahesh Maskey, Shyam Shrestha and
PraiHocl
Date: Fri. 22 Mar 2002 09:36:50 -0800
Proin; Snrsh Shannon <s2r3hsfffh€susri?.n.oro>
To: PFIA-Exchange@kabissa.org, "Mathura P Shrestha" <mathura@healthuel.org.np>,
"Sindhu Nath Pyakuryal" <sarinapyakure1@hotmai1.com>. "RRN" <rm@rm.org.np>,
’PIIECT" <phcct <7ntos.cont.np>, 'Mangai Siddlu Manandhar" <msm@col.com.np>,
"Khagendra Saneroula" <sangroula@infochib.com.np>,
"Kamal Krishna Joshi” <kkjoshi@wlink.qom.np>, ’’INSEC" <insec@wlink.com.np>,
"Gangh Kasaju" <vinaya@wiink.com.np>. "Dr. Shared Onta" <shonta@mos.com.np>.
"Dr. Mahesh Maskev" <nimaskev@heahhnei.org.np>.
"Dr. Bhogendra Shanna" <hshaima
ict.org.np>. "OWIN'* <cwin@tnos,com.np>,
"CVICT" <cvict@mos.com.np>. "Bijaya Silwal" <Vijay@reena.mos.com.np>.
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''Sushii Chandra Amatya” <chandra@wlink.com.np>,
• "rccphec” <recphec@inioclub.coni.np>, "Neenu Chapagain" <indire@healtlmet.org.np>.
"Komal Bhattarai'' <gaide iiccsi.com.np>,
“Kaiyan Dev Bhattarai" <Kaiypr@wiink.com.np>, "FTari Phuyal" <ary u@w1ink.com.np>.
"Daman Nath Dhtingana ' <daman@whnk.com.np>,
"Bhola Pokharel" <bholapokharel345@hotmail.com>.
’'Allciiiicc tor HR. 2nd SJ ' <'0111irzc7'info com np-5* ”Anma. Uprclv” ^bbsiuvlisnltluict ors np>
Dear fiends,
Attached, and below, is a copy of a letter that the Hesperian Foundation has sent to the Nepali
vciboj ju Uiv K-uiuvli v..;t-'
i j iv. vj.-'cq.'jL'v.K.! j uiivvo vi
. jv-cijlv.'ii ; v ict.'ixvj. .
. jut voi ilu.
and Pramod Katie. We extend our support and solidarity to all of our Nepali friends and colleagues
durin2 these r en.* difficult limes.
Sincerely.
Sarah Shannon
J'les^er• a»^ Foundation
|j|i'iorable Mr. Jai Pratap Rana
R.oya! Nepalese Embassy
2131 Leroy Place, .NW
Washington, DC 20008
Dear Ambassador R.a.na,
I am writing you regarding some very disturbing news we have received about
our Nepali colleagues Dr. Mahesh Maskey, Shyam Shrestha and Pramod Kafle. On
their way to participate in an Interaction Meeting Neoal Concern Group of South
Asian People's Solidarity yesterday in New Delhi, they were apparently arrested
at the Tribhuvan Internationa! Airport by the militarv.
The Prime Minister verbally confirmed their arrest, but we have not been
informed yet of their release. Besides being concerned about the arrest of trusted
&«'-> RvlDiSflpiX‘U mF. .V :hc..' ’.‘.Sr./-. >.:> h
c
Pidiih-u Kufk
utiupic 3j ; ?vt :..r::. v.’t: •■; e
:■_>/. . itra csu-k-l:l is it; illegality ui uit-ii ai t ej^L tu a luuiiu v
known tor t> COmm-Trn^nr ro onmOCratiC HOhtS*
». .
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— n1 ■*•'**'•: ;-< .
■ '-■ • ’ ’ ULSIIMU €* UTI IUU U» t-iVlhcifl lljlir <eilUIUUl!ll C<
state of emergency mav exist, martial law does not).
2. npy r--•''0.^ ■*<'
not ^cation and were shown no warrant for arrest.
3. No iiircrmatiOi; o: mei:* vvhereaboiiLS has been provided by the government
ai ’tnors^x’
”Kp
.
4. The victims were not permitted to inform their relatives or friends of their
We would appreciate knoviiinr the current status of Dr. Mahesh Maskey, Shyam
Shrestha and Pramod Kafle. I hope you will communicate our concerns for their
safety ~o the Roy?' Government or Nepal.
ThanK you “or your intervention and assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
Sarah Shannon
Executive Director
■: l’?1nepali ueiiuncia.*luc
Tame; ricpab deriiincia.doc
Type: WinWord File (application/msword)
‘'.PCvdn»e: basc64
3.25/02 9.-16 .UM
1919 Addison Street, suite 304
Berkeley, California 94704-1 144 USA
the -Hesperian Foundation
E-mail: hesperian @ hesperian.org
Website: www.hesperian.org
Telephone: (5 10) 845-U147
Fax: (510)845-9141
publishing for community health and empowerment
21 March 2002
Honorable Mr. Jai Pratap Rana
The Royal Nepalese Embassy
2131 Leroy Place, NW
Washington. DC 20008
— 1 page only -Fax: 202 667 5534
Dear Ambassador Rana,
I am writing you regarding some very disturbing news we have received about our Nepali
colleagues Dr. Mahesh Maskey, Shyam Shrestha and Pramod Kafle. On their way to
participate in an Interaction Meeting Nepal Concern Group of South Asian People's
Solidarity yesterday in New Delhi, they were apparently arrested at the Tribhuvan
International Airport by the military.
The Prime Minister verbally confirmed their arrest, but we have not been informed yet of
their release. Besides being concerned about the arrest of trusted colleagues who have
devoted their lives to making health care a right for poor people in Nepal, we are
concerned about the illegality of their arrest in a country known for its commitment to
democratic rights:
1. They were arrested by the military during a period of civilian rule (although a slate of
emergency may exist, martial law does not).
2. They received no prior notification and were shown no warrant for arrest.
3. No information of their whereabouts has been provided by the government authority or
the army.
4. The victims were not permitted to inform their relatives or friends of their arrest.
We would appreciate knowing the current status of Dr. Mahesh Maskey, Shyam Shrestha
and Pramod Kafle. I hope you will communicate our concerns for their safety to the
Royal Government of Nepal.
Thank you for your intervention and assistance in this matter.
Sincerely,
Sarah Shannon
Executive Director
b.llCGuj
Subject: P11A-Lxchange> ‘Encounter".
Date: Fri, 22 Mar 2002 07:36:50 -0530
riuiu; 'Mathura P Slifcsiha" <maihura@healthiiet.org.iip>
To: "WORT-FM Community Radio" <wort@terracom.net>, "VHAi" <vhai@;sil\'.com>,
1'110x112s A chard n '^’.'xhoinss achard^blncwi?'! ch3>
. ''Steve Mikesell" <viilagespring@yahoo.conl>,
"Stephen Bezruchka" <sabez@u.washington.edu>,
..iVUln-KjUUlll
il S
''.?UUlll;H. tJlCWWlM 1 .
Jlll.llCl.ni'' .
"Sophie Beach" <SBeach@cpj.org>, "PHANetwork" <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>,
"Nadine Gasman" <gasmarma@netmex.coin>, <mohan@jnuniv.ernet.in>,
"Mary Des Chene’ <mdesche@emory.edu>, "Ipshita (ITE)" <lpsliita'®intodajr.com>,
"Ian Harper" <ian_harper2000@vahoo.com>, "gk" <gk@citechco.net>,
’’Eddins de 12 P2Zn <bdfi1apa?Zffinph!ik coin p]?>
"David E. Kapell" <dkapeil@opionline.net>,
"anna dehavenon” <adehavenon@mindspring.com>
body of ths Kanchha Donga! at the Maharajgunj TU Teaching Hospital in the
presence of the
1. Tt
:?.C member on 20 March and found:
cloth ■'= r stained with blood
tear
and mt
3. Multiple stat like injuries over the legs be
the knees,
4. Perforated injury on the middle of lower part of the chest,
i. three punctured wounds on the back ot the oooy,
6. Through and through perforated injury in the skull over the temporal
regions,
7. Ligature mark like injury over the neck.
.: iported Ari:.y exercise wi.h firing in the Bhulkhel forest nearby on Monday
at about 7
nc one was allowed to enter the forest from the evening, hk
numbers suspects fake encounter after the arrest. The bullet wound may be
^Rtmortem.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
post, write to: PIIA-ExchangeSkabissa.org
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2,^15
3-25/02 S.OS zUvi
mge> Please help
La PCi'3 <:<’ fvv'.'tX :'ia< bvc’i Si'iUt uMR by pGiKX
Subject: PI1A-Exct:angc> Please help - La Pena del Bronx has been shut down by police
Date: Sat, 02 Mar 2002 ] 5:02:43 -0500
I'i oni: DGH Info <dghnifo@dghonline.org>
To: pha-exch <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
(abajo en espanol
Ln Psna dol Bronx liss boon sLr.it. down bv police
— az comp cine re s/coi ip =ine c - s:
Or. Friday night, March 1st, la Pena del Bronx, the South Bronx community
organization was shut down by the NYC police. The 40th precinct police
dept. Has been harassing "la Pena" for the past couple of months, including
confiscating property and issuing absurd tickets and citations based on
false premises, la Pena del Bronx is a multicultural, multiethnic community
organization where Latino, African American, native cultures, immigrants and
•Lopxe irom the community nave a space to meet, organize and demand their
Wghts. la Pena del Bronx was closed down without any prior warning or
explanation. This is a criminal, racist, political action by the city or New
York and the police. There is a citation for Tuesday, March 5th for a court
appearance.
We are asking for your solidarity in this moment of need. If you have anv
contact with lawyers they will be needed. Please send statements of support,
ana it you can scop cy la Pena. We w*ill be meeting outside in protest of the
closing until it is opened again, la Pena is located at 226 E. 144th. Bronx
NY (behind Lincoln Hospital parking)
please call: 1-718-292-6137 or email: mvenegl@yahoo.com. or
LaPena2000@aol.com for more information.
I !*!'!!! I !! !OPEN LT- PENT DEL BRONX MOW1' ' ' ' ' ' 1 1 ' 1
’ALERTA* »«»»»»»*»»*»»»«
^^Pena Cultural del Bronx fue cerrada por la policia
Estimados compansras y comoanairos:
Anoche viernes, marzo 1, policies llegaron a la Pena del Bronx,
y la
cerraron sin pretexto o justification, hace m.eses que policies del precincto
40 del Brcnx han estado hestigando la Pena, citando violaciones falsas y
confiscando propiedad y allanando eventos. La Pena cultural del Bronx es una
organization comunitaria multietnica, multicultural del sur del Bronx, nueva
york. Aqui llegan latinos, afroamericanos, imigrantes, y gente de la
comunidad que encuentran un lugar para juntarse, organ!zar y demandar los
p)-l fl— t xc4La Pena del Bronx a side cerrada sin pretexto o justificacion. Esto es un
seto criminal, racista y politico por la ciudad da Nueva York y la policia.
estainos czcaco para
corte superior ei martes 5 de marzo.
pedimos la solidaridad en este momenro dificil. Pedimos si tienen contacto
con abegados que nos puedan ayudar. Agadecemos mensajes de apoyo o que pasen
5 la Pena. Vamos a estar afuera de la Pena en protesta hasta que se vueiva a
abrir.
la Pena esLa localizada en el 226 E.
144sL Bronx, NY
(alias del
estacionamiento del Hospital Lincoln) contactos: tel: 718-292-6137 email:
mvenegl@yahoc.com c laPena2OCO0aol.com
QTJE SE ABPA LA PENA DEL BP.ONX! !!!!!!!!!
3/4/02 8.02 AM
VExchangc> Please help - La Pena del Bronx has been. shut down. by police
DOCTORS FOR GLOBCxL HEALTH
Fl'C-'.-CT1 hg health and Haitian Rights
”’<?■ th These Aho Have No Voice"
PC Sox 1/61, Decatur, GA 30031 USA
Tel. &. Fax: 1-404-377-3566
QqhinfoGaqhoniine.org
htto:www.aqnonline.ora
PHA-Exchange is hosted er. Katissa - Space tor change in Atr. ca
To post, wreue co: PHx.-iiiXcnangCi-jvabissa.org
a eb s i c e: http: / / aww, listo . kabissa. orq/mailTnan/listinf o/pha— xchange
3/4/02 8:02 ANI
PI1A-Exchange> NGOs to participate in Global Fund
Subject: PHA-Exchange> NGOs to participate in Global Fund
Date: Thu, 21 Feb 2002 08:13:27 +0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: "pha-exch" <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
Courtesy of
Ellen Verheul eellen.verheul@wemos.nl>
> > Subject: Nominations: GFATM Technical Review Panel. > Importance: High.
> >
> > Nominations: GFATM Technical Review Panel
> >
> > Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria (GFATM):
> > Technical Review Panel Nominations
Call for
Global Fund to fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria has opened the
> > recruitment process for the Technical Review Panel (TRP) members.
> > Applications should be submitted to the Global Fund Secretariat no later
> > than 28 February 2002. The Board will select 17 members of the TRP.
> >
> > Candidates for members of the TRP should come from the widest range of
> > partners, including government organizations, NGOs, civil society,
> > multilateral and bilateral agencies, the private sector and academia are
> > encouraged to apply.
> >
> > The Board will also select a Roster of Experts of up to 100 individuals
> > The
who
> > will serve
as a Technical Review Support Group from the same pool of
> > applications received.
> >
> > The newly selected TRP members are expected to review the first round of
> > proposals received by 10 March, as announced in the Call for Proposals.
> > Proposals submitted after this date will be reviewed by the TRP in
> > subsequent rounds, generally three times a year.
> > TRP members are expected to be available in Geneva to work during the
period
> > of 25 March - 4 April to review the first round of proposals. The TRP's
> > recommendations will be submitted to the Board for approval at the
Second
> > Board meeting, which will take place on 23-24 April in New York.
> > Curriculum Vitae forms for applicants and the Terms of Reference of the
> > Technical Review Panel are available on the GFATM web site:
> > htto://www.globalfundatm.org/TRP.html
> > Or contact the GFATM Secretariat at trp@tss-twg.be
> > ************************************************
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
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0
1 of 1
2/22/02 10:15 AM
PHA-Exchange> AFRICAN ORGANISATIONS SPEAK OUT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
V
k
Subject: PHA-Exchange> AFRICAN ORGANISATIONS SPEAK OUT ON SUSTAINABLE
DEVELOPMENT
Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2002 17:36:04 +0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: "pha-exch" <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
> AFRICAN ORGANISATIONS SPEAK OUT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
> Firoze Manji, Fahamu - Learning For Change, UK.
> About 200 organisations from around Africa, including representatives
NGOs ,
> trade unions,
women's organisations, farmers and young people's groups met
> in Bamako, Mali, recently to prepare African inputs to the World Social
> Forum held at the end of January.
> They resolved, among other things, that globalization is just a new and
more
> acceptable term for imperialism, that double standards were being applied
> with the selective imposition of rules about trade to the detriment of
> Africa. They expressed concern that the "New Partnership for Africa's
> Development" (NEPAD) was based on accepting the neo-liberal analysis and
> strategies of the rich countries and was therefore not acceptable as a
basis
> for planning Africa's future.
>
> The importance of the African Social Forum was in presenting development
in
> Africa as a political issue about power to decide on Africa's future. For
> too long development has focussed on the physical consequences of this
> unjust world order and has limited itself to addressing the lack of water,
> health, incomes, basic services etc. This has led to NGOs becoming
> instruments of neo-liberal globalisation that have colluded in undermining
> the state by providing services and using funding destined for them. (For
a
> fuller report see below).
>
> Sustainable development is about much more than the rise and fall of GNP.
It
> is about creating an environment in which people can develop their full
> potential under conditions where there is respect for human dignity and
> human rights. The goal of sustainable development must be human freedom,
and
> the measure of
citizens
its success must be a measure of the extent to which
> of a country are able to exercise that freedom. But, as Professor Amartya
> Sen, Nobel Prize Winner in Economics, has argued in his book 'Development
as
> Freedom', "Freedoms are not only the primary ends of development, they are
> also among its principal means." Development should be seen as a process
of
> expanding freedoms. "If freedom is what development advances, then there
is
> a major argument for
concentrating on that overarching objective, rather
> than on some particular means, or some chosen list of instruments". To
> achieve development, he argues, requires not only the removal of poverty,
> lack of economic opportunities, social deprivation, and neglect of public
> services, but also the removal of tyranny and the machinery of repression.
>
> Such a view is in contrast to what has become the 'conventional wisdom' of
> development that sees economic growth as both the means and the end.
> Development, the story goes, is possible only if there is growth. And
growth
> is equated with
the 'right' of a minority to amass wealth. Only when this
> freedom is unrestricted will others in society benefit from any associated
> spin-offs (the trickle-down effect). All other freedoms are only
achievable
1 of 4
2/18/02 2:00 PM
PHA-Exchange> AFRICAN ORGANISATION'S SPEAK OUT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
growth occurs. The purpose of 'development' is, therefore, to
> guarantee 'growth' so that ultimately other freedoms can, at some
> indeterminate time in the future, be enjoyed. Such a view has increasingly
> been associated with the international financial institutions (IMF and
> if such
World
> Bank) whose influence on economic policy - especially in Africa - has been
> so pervasive. State expenditure, according to this view, should be
directed
> towards creating an enabling environment for 'growth', and not be 'wasted'
> on the provision of public services that, in any case, can ultimately be
> provided 'more efficiently' by private enterprise. This is the approach
> that, as Professor Sen points out, makes socially useful members of
society
> such as school-teachers and health workers feel more threatened by
> development policies than do army generals.
>
> Such an approach to
developing
development has had dire consequences for the
> world in general and Sub-Saharan Africa in particular. Of the nearly 5
> billion people in the developing world, more than 850 million are
> illiterate; 325 million boys and girls are denied schooling; 2.4 billion
> have no access to basic sanitation. More than 30,000 children under the
age
> of 5 years die each day from preventable causes. And some 1.2 billion
people
> live on less than a dollar a day. Add to that the fact that more than 36
> million people were living with AIDS. Of the 36 million people living with
> HIV/ AIDS, 70% are to be found in sub-Saharan Africa.
> Only 60% of adults in Sub-Saharan Africa are literate in the region, as
> compared with 73% in the rest of the developing world. Life expectancy at
> birth is less than 49 years, and nearly half the population survives on
less
> than $1 a day. Economic growth in the region has fallen during the last 25
> years, with GDP per capita growth averaging -1%. Per capita income in 1960
> was about l/9th of that in high-income OECD countries, but by 1998 it had
> fallen to l/18th.
>
> Sub-Saharan Africa's massive external debt, estimated at more than $300
> billion is perhaps the single largest obstacle to development and economic
i
> ndependence. The 48 countries of sub-Saharan Africa spend $13.5 billion
each
> year repaying
debts to foreign creditors. Over the last 20 years, African
> countries have paid out more in debt service to foreign creditors than
they
> have received in development assistance or in new loans. Trade
> liberalization associated with the Structural Adjustment Programmes may
have
> increased the importance of international trade for Africa, but the
region 1s
> share of
world trade has declined.
> But it is not that sub-Saharan Africa is devoid of wealth. There is
abundant
> mineral wealth in Sierra Leone, Liberia, Angola, in the Democratic
Republic
> of Congo (DRC), in South Africa and elsewhere. Yet it is this very
abundance
> of natural resources that has led to vicious competition for access and
> control, frequently supported by outside vested interests. The result has
> been armed conflict, mass displacement of people, torture and ill
treatment,
> and frank
impunity for the perpetrators. Unarmed civilians have frequently
> been the victims of such conflicts with killings, amputations, rape and
> other forms of sexual abuse and abductions being rife in countries such as
> Sierra Leone, the DRC, and Burundi. Angola, which has seen an estimated
> 500,000 people killed since 1989 and an estimated 3 million refugees. It
is
2 of 4
2/18/02 2:00 PiV
PHA-Exchangc> AFRICAN ORGANISATIONS SPEAK OUT ON SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
1
> also being Corn apart directly as a consequence over the competition for
> ^resources such. as diamonds and offshore oil, with various factions
fighting
> for these prizes.
> But, as Mahmood Mamdani has pointed out, despite the current dogmas, "the
> story of independent Africa is not one of unremitting decline. The first
two
> decades of independence were decades of moderate progress. Between 1967
and
> 1980 more than a dozen African countries registered a growth rate of 6%
[.]
> To be sure there was a downside. That was that the failure to transform
> agriculture, and thus to bring the vast majority of the population into
the
> development process. This shortcoming in economic policy went alongside
and
> was sustained by a political
authoritarianism."
.>
> The economic policies followed by many African countries, frequently under
> pressure from international financial institutions, have resulted in high
> levels of income equality. And it is this that has created instability in
> the region. Development policies have, it is true, resulted in enrichment.
> But it has been the rich in these countries who have been getting richer,
> while the poor have become poorer. According the UNDP, "In 16 of the 22
Sub-
> Saharan countries with data for the 1990s, the poorest 10% of the
population
> had less than 1/10 of the income of the richest 10%, and in 9 less than
> 1/20." Marked, and growing, inequalities have had serious consequences on
> the social fabric of these countries. It has resulted in massive social
> exclusion, the growth in organized street crime, disillusionment with the
> political process, and the growth in the appeal for the use of violence
for
> political ends. Faced with growing discontentment, corruption, abuse of
> state power, many governments have become intolerant of legitimate protest
> and political opposition. The use of excessive force to deal with public
and
> political discontent has become all too common, as vividly illustrated by
> the current crisis in Zimbabwe where, as a result of recent legislation,
it
> has
become illegal to criticize the president.
> Time has come for there to be substantial changes to current approaches to
> development. Ten years ago at the "Earth Summit" in Rio de Janeiro,
> Governments committed themselves to a plan of action known as Agenda 21.
> Principle 5 of that plan stated that:
>
> "All States and all people shall cooperate in the essential task of
> eradicating poverty as an indispensable requirement for sustainable
> development, in order to decrease the disparities in standards of living
and
> better meet the needs of the majority of the people of the world."
>
> "But commitments alone", as the Secretary General of the United Nations,
> Kofi Anan has put it, "have proven insufficient to the task. We have not
yet
> fully integrated the economic, social and environmental pillars of
> development, nor have we made enough of a break with the unsustainable
> practices that have led to the current predicament."
> The Jury at the International People's Tribunal on Debt, convened at the
> recent the World Social Forum in Porto Alegre, called for the external
debt
> to be declared "as fraudulent,
illegitimate and the cause of the loss of
> national sovereignty and the quality of life of the majority of the
> population of the South". Similar proclamations are needed in the build up
> to the World Social Summit on Sustainable Development scheduled to be held
> in Johannesburg 26 August to 4 September. One hopes that the alternative
3 of 4
2/18/02 2:00 P1V
Subject: PHA-Exchange> Re: Codeine Cough Mixture Abuse, "PHENSEDYL in
<'2 kA <• 4DI '‘?'k 1° -J■ -i-iii'si*?
Date: sun. 10 t-eb 2002 10:13:19+0600
...........
[• Rahman KJmsru*’ ^srkbnsniffihctconi. com**
nangabanciiui Sheikh Mujib Medical University
■".rc^.n«-»c^'77Vnhi<:^n nrn>
•' •
’ladesh, codeine containing
ghprej
'
sd in Drug (Control) Ordin
.
1982, due to its abuse p
. ' '
.
iiiCuiivi.i... 0} vvuiili.c.> ASSO-iaiiv/J < . ./</../ig. As <i COiiSCquciive O1 uci'eguiauOii ill iiiv iicuiiu 01 libel aiizauvii , COuciiic piiOSpildlc
and ocioiccdeine were approved iatcr as single ingredient ancitussive agent.
V ’
fBangl desh these agents are prescription only medicine. However, the fallacy is "to become a prescrib ■ ir
ithe e...evei .... excej tioiis mt sie....c).
!n this connection. I like to share another experience of Bangladesh regarding codeine containing cough linctus. h was expected from
‘hey-'r' ‘hst ‘ho
■■• .'Us about "PHENSEDYL", a combination of
omeihazmc’ riC.
3.6 mg pei 3 mi
Though this so-called cough suppressant is banned in Bangladesh. "PHENSEDYL" is the number one abused medicine by the addicts in
our country
fnereU’ piodncing huge social instability especially in the youth encouraging them to commit crime This experience
and obse’vution couU be
rrec to relevant regulator.’ authority to justify banning of codeine containing cough, suppressant as either a
COiiibihdiiC'Il v'i Saig.c L;
p/uduCi. ill adultiOil, it SiiOuld 0C iliciiUOiicd licic that baniluig 01 SUCii produCi in Uiily Gilt COUnti V iS
nor sufficient. Production of these codeine containing cough preparations in neighboring country can also be disastrous, therefore, the
initiative of Consumers .\ssoeiatiori of Penang should be supported by similar organizations of other "PHENSEDYL" manufacturing
countries.
<‘?xnu:namesi ice prefix — o ns - urn.’ScheHias-nncroson-coni.'office:office' >
Dr Me ^ayeri”'- Rahman
l>epai’inieni oi rhaimdcc-iogy
Ba^abandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University
■ So C2 3619433 (Home)
-«S8 U i i 84(j 7o 7 (Mobile)
P-rnafr srkhasru/d''bdcom.com
lei.
General Seeretar.’
HezJth Action Forum (H.AF) Trust,
i ’-mail
brtb net bd
1-18 02 1:46
’
■
■ 0 rec
.
Subject: PHA-Exchange> WHO Executive Board
Date: Tuc, 15 Jan 2002 09:27:50 -0100
From: "Faw zia Rasheed" <rasheedf@bluewin.ch>
I o: <PHA-Exchange7?kabissa.org>
http://w'ww.accessmed-msf.or&|lprod/publications.asp?scntid=;14120021123512&contenttyDe=PARA&
MSr Statement for the WHO Executive Board
14 January, 2002
Contents:
Next steps for the Essential Drugs List (EDL)
Equity pricing
^^-qualification of low cost producers
1 he Doha declaration on TRIPS and public health
Gap in research and development
MSF would like to take the opportunity of the WHO Executive Board to
highlight a series of issues related to the WHO and the important role
it must play in increasing access to essential medicines in developing
countries.
Next steps for the Essential Drugs List (EDL)
The EDL is one of the most important public health tools, promoting
access to vital medicines and their rational selection and use.
Essentia! drugs are those that satisfy the health care needs of the
majority of the population: they should therefore be available at all
times in adequate amounts and in the appropriate dosage forms, and at a
price that individuals and their communities can afford. The Essential
>gs concept guides countries in selection of drugs, in decisions about
procurement and pricing policies and rational drugs use. The essential
drugs concept also provides guiding principles for NGOs.
MSF welcomes the revised procedure for updating WHO’s Model List of
Essential Drugs as outlined in document EB109/8. The procedure ensures
an evidence-based, transparent, and independent process for revising the
EDL. We particularly welcome the fact that expensive drugs, when their
use is justified, will no longer be excluded from the list solely
because of price.
The expansion of the EDL should go hand-in-hand with measures to ensure
that these medicines become affordable tor the individuals and
communities involved.
Equity pricing
1/18/02 1:57 PM
Exchaa-e-* WHO Executive Bosi J
.->f essential tucdiciji<;s«,fnanv
' ?m:j....... n he - i......... o A rrnmen?. m ■ tntemnHonal
S4™ :
‘
■ ■ ■ ■. pricing system should include political and
~a* measures to increase generic competition, global regional
procurement and distribution, local production through compulsory or
voluntary licensing and technology transfer.
MSF would like to warn against unwarranted optimism with regard to the
multinational industiy£rsquo;s willingness to bring drug prices down to an
attordable level. Equity pricing will not be achieved by relying on
voluntary actions by pharmaceutical companies only. Without decisive
action from key players such as the WHO. the price of medicines for many
diseases will remain too high. For example, the price of an essential
drug used to treat AIDS-related meningitis, fluconazole, varies greatly
depending on who prod-tees it and where it is sold: in Thailand, a
generic producer sells it for USS 0.29 (per 200 mg capsule; June 2000)
but in Guatemala, where the drug is patented and manufactured by Pfizer,
it costs as much as USS 27.60.
In the case of a high-profile disease such as AIDS, where public
pressure and media attention is intense, Jack of transparency from the
pharmaceutical companies about pricing their products in different
countries is emerging as a new challenge. Obtaining up-to-date pricing
dh-rmation is difficult. and negotiating drug prices with different
companies for each individual product is time-consuming for the
governments of poor countries. WHO should support across the border
negotiations regarding the pricing of medicines for neighbouring
countries with similar needs.
MSF is pleased to work with the WHO. UNAIDS and UNICEF on providing
information on drug prices and welcomes the collaboration within the NGO
Roundtable process on development of price monitoring methodology for
NGOs. We hope to expand the work on drug price information even further
in the future.
Pre-qualification of low cost producers
Medicines should be essential, available, affordable and of quality. To
offer treatment to the highest number of people possible in developing
countries, it is essential that all funds be used to buy quality
^fc.licines at the best possible price. This is simple mathematics: using
the lowest cost suppliers, whether proprietary or generic companies,
will increase the number of people who can be treated and will allow lor
greater investments in other important components of care and
prevention.
IIS 02 1:57PM
4
The WHO should support countries and NGO’s in procuring affordable
medicines for these particular diseases by identifying quality producers
through a orc-qualification process. This will also facilitate
procurement that u ill take place as a result of the activities of the
Global Fund for IB. malaria and HIV AIDS. Cheaper alternatives of
important products, such as antiretrovirals, are becoming available on
the markets of developing countries, and it is paramount to assist
countries to assure the quality of these products. The added value of
the pre-qualification process cannot be underestimated.
Tire Doha declaration on TRIPS and Public Health
2001 was marked by progress in the discussions on patent barriers to
access to medicines at the World Trade Organisation (WTO). The Doha
declaration on TRIPS and Public Health lays out the options countries
!^e to take measures when prices of existing patented drugs are too
high for their populations. 2002 is the perfect opportunity for the WHO
to take up the challenge, together with other relevant international
organisations. to provide practical technical assistance to make sure
that the Doha declaration makes a difference at the national level. One
pragmatic and effective way of doing this is to provide countries with
examples or models of intellectual property legislation that will allow
them to develop TRIPS compliant laws &ndash: all the while making maximum use
of the safeguards of the TRIPS agreement to ensure that pharmaceutical
patents do not hamper access to medicines.
Gap in research and development
2002 is also the time to improve the availability of essential medicines
compensate forTlielack of reseafch aiia development into these diseases,
and other infectious diseases such as malaria and tuberculosis – an
J^te that was flagged in Doha but not resolved.
Again, this is where the WHO clearly must play a major role, along with
governments and donor countries, in determining the R&D needs and
stimulating R&D activities. R&D for neglected diseases cannot be left to
the market place. Public Private partnerships alone will not offer a
solution because there is insufficient market incentive. Radical new
approaches are needed to kick-start R&D. including new funding
mechanisms in areas that are now totally abandoned. Not-for-profit drug
development initiatives should be explored to take drug R&D for
neglected diseases out of the marketplace altogether.
MSF looks forward to contributing to an active dialogue and joint action
4
1'1S/O2 2:00 PM
sibility of Collaborative Analysis
'
•
Sabjtet. EI—v-Escliange> Re: [IPHCX« ORLDM ±Dit| V« HO Commission on Macroeconomics anti
Health: Possibility of Collaborative Analysis
Date: Mon, 14 Jan 2002 21:24:42 -0500
From: Fundacion Nino a Nino <iphc.sa@ctapa.com.ee>
To: <IPHCWORLDWIDE@yalioogroups.com>, <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org>,
<health-fin<?lists.vicnet.net.au>
----- Original Message------
From: Dsvid LcOOc
To: IPHCvvORLDvViDE@yanooqroups.com ; PHA-Exchanqe@kabissa.orq health-fin@lists vicnet net au
Sent: l uesday. January 15. 2002 /.Ob AM
Subject: [IPHCWORLDWIDE] WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health: Possibility of
Collaborate Analysis
Globalisation on trial
world health warning issued
Report of WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health
A high level WHO commission has warned the rich world that unless there is a dramatic increase
in development assistance for health the legitimacy and stability of the current regime of global
economic governance may be seriously threatened.
The report
I he report of the WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) is now available at:
<hnp:' www3. who.inVwhosis'menu. cfm?path=whosis.cmh&language=english>
This report will have a big impact on policies and programs in the field of health development. It
is a major intervention in discussions about official development assistance including the role of
the World Bank (and PRSPs).
Opportunity
The debate around the report will also provide an important opportunity to challenge neoliberal
orthodox} in development policy and to further undermine the legitimacy of the prevailing regime
of global economic governance.
The purpose of this postmg is to invite health activists. NGOs and academics, who sec in this
regime of global economic governance the major causes of health stagnation in the developing
world, to a collaboration in developing a strong response to the CMH: building uopn its sombre
warning to the captains of capital while challenging many of its assumptions and conclusions.
Background
The WHO Commission on Macroeconomics and Health (CMH) was established by the
Director-General of WHO in January 2000. The Commission was chaired by Professor Jeffrey
Sachs of Harvard. It members and helpers included former ministers of finance, people from the
World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the World Trade Organisation, the United Nanons
Development Program, the Economic Commission on Africa and the Organisation lor Economic
Cooperation and Development. The Commission was financially supported by me }>i ano
1 IS. 02 2:0-1 PM
E] WHO Com...tli: Possibility of Collaborative Analysis
.Exchange* Rc PPHCWORLDW
Melinda Gates Foundation. the Rockefeller Foundation and the UN Foundation and by the
itwa-iv.,]
Norwav and Sweden. The CMH presented its tmai
. on: health, economic growth, and poverty reductton;
international public goods for health: mobilisation of domestic resources for health; health and the
international economy; improving health outcomes of the poor: development assistance and
health. fhe reports of the working groups are indexed at:
ittp: www3,wh ini whosis/emh/emh papers/e/papers.cfm?path^cmh.cmh papers&language=cnglish>
[you may need to reconstitute this URL if it gets broken in transmission]
WHO Director-General Dr Gro Harlem Brundtland welcomed the report of the WHO Commission
Mac \ . ..v t >mics and Health on December 20th 2001: "This report is a turning point," she said.
"It will influence how development assistance is prioritized and coordinated in the years to come.”
A provisional assessment
Il is a difficult report to analyse. The argument is tortuous and quite selective in its use of
evidence. In places it stretches fact, logic and credulity to the point of combustion. It is difficult to
read the strategic purpose of the DG in commissioning the report and that of the members of the
Commission tn framing their presentation. It is clear that the report is meant to be read at several
different levels.
The core of the report is this: globalisation is on trial: unless there is a dramatic increase in
development assistance for health care in low income countries the legitimacy and stability of the
current regime of global economic governance will be seriously threatened. It is a warning to the
G8, the Paris Club and the Bretton Woods institutions to slow down on globalisation and redirect
significant resources to health care in the poorer countries.
This is quite a finding, given the members of the Commission - which is partly why it is such an
important opportunitv for engagement.
However ii is a big report and is accompanied by dozens of working group reports. There is a lot
of material to absorb and consider. This raises questions about how Third World governments,
health activists, NGOs and academics who had already come to this central conclusion might
respond to the recon.
A global collaboration in analysing and responding to the CMH report?
I have rea.d the report and most of its working group reports and I have prepared a preliminary
analysis which I have posted at:
chttn: users.bignond.net.au sanpui1eggi.PrelimAnalCMHRenort.himl>
I hope this preliminary review will encourage people to read and think about the CMH report. I
hope that the perspectives that I have presented may be useful to others in the task of interpreting,
analysing and critiquing the report.
However, the work involved in considering thoroughly the report and that of the working groups is
not trivial. The Commission had the resources of Bill Gates and the World Bank at its disposal.
The networks of activists, NGOs and academics who might wish to take the opportunity to
challenge the logic and legitimacy of the current regime of global governance do not have such
resources. But we have our own experts and we are in touch with the current lived circumstances
of different settings and different countries.
So I am proposing a global collaboration around the task of analysing and responding to the CMH
report.
A global analysis would need a coordinating function: a systematic approach to analysis and
critique: a coordinated approach to generating alternative strategies and policy principles; a process
1'18,02 2:0-1 PM
’■
E] V IO .
’ossibility of Collaborative Analysis
and avenues for dissemination and follow up. I really don’t know how these should be organised.
Process and outcomes
As I envisage it the material outcomes of this collaboration would be a collection of articles
published in a very wide range of websites and journals. They might or might not be identified as
arising from this collaboration (which might or might not be blessed with an formal name).
I am expecting that through this collaboration people in different parts of the world might
collaborate in producing different critiques or commentaries for different purposes and different
audiences.
As a starter I have produced the preliminary analysis addressed above. I would like to publish this
commentary but I am not sure where and I would greatly appreciate feedback and commentary on
the current draft before I do.
Perhaps the commentary might serve as a usefill framework for claiming and allocating the work
which is .vet to be done.
Another framework would be the set of working papers referenced above.
A global collaborative critique?
Please read the report and my preliminary analysis and answer the following questions:
»
Do you agree that the report of the CMH justifies a strong and critical response?
•
Do you agree that we could organise and collaborate in a globalised analysis and
response through the medium of this and related lists?
«
How does a loosely knit global community of health activists undertake such a project?
•
What can you and your organisation contribute to such a process?
»
Are there particular aspects of the report that you would like to focus upon?
Best wishes
david legge
i
David Legge
School of Public Health
La Trobe University, Victoria, 3086, Australia
http:/, www.lairobe.edu.au/publichealth/references/profiles/dgl4sph.htm
-61 (03) 9489 1934 (hm'ph); +61/(03) 9479 5849 (wk/ph)
-61.(03) 9482 1201 (hm/fx): +61/(03) 9479 1783 (wk-fx)
Mobile phone: 0408 991417
email: d.legge a lalrobe.edu.au
>f4
1-18 02 2:12 PM
F
Subject; 1DRC Event - Evenement au CRJDi
Date: Fri. 31 Mav 2002 17:14:05 -0400
from: Pauline Dole <PDoie<tidrc.ca>
cial j;nd Political Sciences" <coip-socpolisci-dldZ’l’vris.idrc.ca>
‘Social and Political Sciences” <corp-socpolisci-didZivris.idrc.ca>
Fast and
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Subject: 1DRC Event - Evenemenl au C1W1
Date: : ii. 31 \k;\ 2002 . ■-5 -100
From: Pauline Dole <PDoie }j idrc.ca>
Reply-To: "Social and Polilical Sciences” ^corp-socpolisci<ilf&lvris.idrc.ca>
’Social and Political Sciences’* <corp-socpolisci-<U@ijTis.idrc.ca>
'.Juan
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; ■.
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foe
in doing mitch.
foem
s !all for Action'predicted much of what we arc witne^ing; we wre "on
'. . . So, to continue o be "on foe dot", we simpl have to reassess where we a sand
. . : . - e and have not. acl eved. Jus .. nake yet further predictions of doom
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Subject: PH_x-Eichange> RE: PH?»I PRESS
(i4in _viay 2002), Geneva.
Date: Fii. 24 May 2002 22:24:13 -0700
From: "aviva" <aviva@neTnam.vn>
To: pha-exchange@kabissa.org
Dear Dr.Qasen Chowdury ,dear Dr. Ravi Narayan,
Marcella De Smedt
. :r Of the A.I.M.
...
Itical
Internationale de la mutualite )
x
marceila.desmedt@cin.be <mailto:marcella.desmedl@cm.be >
nangs is nested on Kabissa - Space ror chanGO in Africa
, write to: PHA-Excr»angeSkabissa.org
: ht tc: / /'. lists . kabissa■ org/maiiman/iistinfo/pha-exchange
'5/fi/c>2_
'
c
! I <2-
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5/27,02 1:05 I'M
Hubieci:
Vl xciuegO GM MUSQl ITOCOl LD PREVI N! SPREAD Oh MALARIA
23 M:;'. 2 M2 19:15:54 -0500
r rom: George!s > Lessard <mediazfl web.net>
To: pha-exchange akabissa.org
r.;
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ivcrnmcn s to needed structural changes. There
arene mechanisms resented to assure g eater accountability and
. . . «* '
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I ■/ r :
O<”|! ■.. OC/. ... L>1jc v. ;Jv.
The documents does not mention the need for die mobilization of’focal
nation resources for dccekmmer.1 the; is : .iiuch a must as the need
res .
resour0wngovemmerKsoffihehook.it
fe '• ’c’s.’irs die issues of foreign debt and the need for poor
govc;
s to alsc* mobilize domestic t csoui ccs U wards more cqu ■
. lev e iv'pme ru a it e mative s.
.
? sus s firnl te " :al
1 l>, ma king . line tic i of the need to
prolc-uifey ...f n t::C global economic governance system.
As ?: ,i • ■ z z.: zzz'. accept the economic
cl underlying lite Consensus.
■ ■. itionalii es t ■ it imp >s< ■ and its
eeal : n rgatic e
imp
ling thdst ; It ted to he? 1th, iducation, gender
tumaa rights and many other. fr’e denounce the absence of
: z ■
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triable development.
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- ■ stments to be made are not defined in advance and’
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opposed ■ < ’ii die >inei hand, we contend that foreign aid has not to be
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and national enterprises, the
■
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PILv-Exch:-i»igv> V ork of PE.M affiliate Arogyji lyakkam in Tamil Nadu
recognized
n?ste' This. 23 May 2002 21:50;3Q —0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@neinam.vn>
To: "nha-cxch" <pha-cxchangc^kabissa.org>
Idji S-.'.cdlw <kb@eLh.neL>
yan.-carr. reported as one of the oen best programmes in the World.
Seme :: •■•cd are aware :: tne work on nealtn - Aroava Ivakkam - beina
work has he 'joiner on in about 500
e ne^p Oi. nssocratron tor mens s
more than 30 blocks in Tamilriaau and
You might have read earlier reports on the programme that I had sent on
email.
Some of you have even visited a few of these programme areas and have
been
iinanci a 11 ■/ helninci sustain this cmcrramme.
Sometime back a team from UNICEF iUnited Nations Children's Fund)
visited
This recognition adds to the encouragement we get from seeing children
are able z- save. Kith this expansion to more blocks we have to and will
work much harder and build up a larger team committed to eliminating
malnucriticn.
:.Ce new need ■.■*ur supoort - moral, physical and financial - more than
A4-.xchruic<
•
'•.
.
.-
’
•
- s t reng tner; primary health care and Tamil Nadu integrated Nutrition
Pr2t'’*a —
services through advocacy
- i .5, .<■?
_a
nu z ci ~ i on t*ie most important index of health for zocax
y_..nninz, and sensitise panchayat members as to its significance.
The activists were given intensive training in child health and
1. Rescect . The mother and pregnant woman are seen as intelligent
coping with difficult conditions, and not as ignorant people who won’t
listen _c sensible advice.
r. Cmerstanting . Tne focus is therefore on understanding why a mother
not follow advice, rather than blaming her for not doing so. She already
has
a wo r 1 d-vi e w formed bv he^ owr experiences and what she has learned
Id-view guides her health practices for herself
he is given by the programme often differs from
own information; uo succeed, one must integrate this advice wilh her
worid-view, by discussing in detail why it makes sense and how it can be
adopted within the limits of her resources.
u. —
cii-.x yuuxc.i _ .xd Jv u. ci »_ cyii . - _
axm'u
j.
j. —•
c.
time-consuming and requires considerable skill and confidence on the
she person giving the advice. Training the activist in dialogue takes
r i_2te;
she must learn not only to advise, but to counter arguments and
elaborate
ways in which advice can be adopted in a resource-poor setting. The
activist
needs support from a group of trainers who visit her regularly, provide
egizIm-z-.c',' and constantly encourage and provide her with
5 27 02 12:50 P?-
>\a
i N&dn recognized
iscussion and reinforcement . One—to—one sessions between the
fvisr and. r,.~uh?r are cczmenienced by group iP.GSuiZi^js called h’/ “he
ivist to discuss specific issues (e.g. feeding the colostrum)* In
•'• o o — -
? '■'io th er will 1 nva r i ab 1 v sa v they have fed the bab v wi th
and the- baby is healthy; this can be used as "proof of concept" to
con v mce
^~.xers. Thus kind of negotiation with a larger group also requires
and often
he block-level trainers help the activist to conduct such
discussions.
Prelir.infir** results on child malnutrition
As pars of programme activities, children aged under five were weighed
the beginning of the programme, and again roughly 1.5 years later (in
Octroar“December 2000' . Of 'I 133 children weicrhed during both periods,
pares it je ^f children with a "normal" weight increased ffcom 34. SB to
— C. . o .
The percentage of "grade 1" children increased by 1.3 percentage points
•■ - _- - •percentage of children in grades 2~ 4 decreased by 12.6 points
(b
D,
If one compares each child’s status at the two times of measurement, on
s that 34.9% of children improved their category, while 13.5%
riorated; the remainder stayed in the same category. That is, there
w3 s
- net
'
• ■ 7 ' . - ■ - ' the .hiId ren.
These results understate the programme’s impact, in that the nutritiona
sr.ar.us of a cohort of under-fives is nor sr.ar.ic in rhe absence of
children aged under five deteriorates over a 1.5 year time period;
indeeci
chis pattern is commonly found throughout India.
Orgsmsati~nal insights
Explanations for these positive results can be found in the actions of
the
health fi-ctivist; the pro-jraiwie’s design and operations dace great
•
measuring :he activist’s work, she is not blamed for children who
i. a_r.2uris.tei cr in peer f.eaj.3.'.. Tne empnasis is rat-ier on iwaoui'in^ ner
-.. ?rk, i.e. talking to mothers and pregnant women. If children have
worseneQ,
the ree sons are sought in her training or in programme design.
~ v*> ” o -c* *"
*'■'
€ veals that th e =
.
i
ig
beyond her c
ac
as diarrhoea epidemics.
mo
-conf1dene
s-oect
e villa'
y and mo z vate he
• An egalitarian and intensive relationship between the trainers and the
activists is important. The motivation of these trainers, and their
■•'i i ' c^ess to meet with mothers often over a period of da vs are
c?
ar7.;7,1«c._ w-: j--r a good example as well as the skills she
• The activists’ voluntary status is important to their motivation. The
activists anti the village understand that the work is done for the sake
imorc-vir.a children’s nutrition.
iry results will need to be independently verified,
suggest that this programme might provide a viable model to reduce child
malnutrition. More time will be required to determine how long it takes
raise a ctmmunitv’s capacity sufficiently to address malnutrition
ongoing support from an NGO; and to determine the cost of this model.
There are three further considerations relating to sustainabilitv and
rep icaci ity. / *
, the model requires supportive prutary neaith care
ionel services, which have traditionally been provided by the
sffi
Exchanged
crk ofPHM affiliate Arco, a Ivaksait in Tamil Nadu recognized
innovarions
and/or emerging lessons in the 2001 Annual Reports.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write to: PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org
Website : http: /
lists . kabissa. ora/maiIman/listinfo/oha-exchange
"
r-£S <= T
p
-;r?.'.’A1 1 .*
P.
FP. th AT
1
arga crowd at.r.AndAd the PHM briAfing and
special effort to woo countries of the S
He said that : ”1 had a dream, with all
throughout the room. . .
t much.
«.rterward, the Philipine moderator cried to smoothed the comments saying that eve
He took several questions since Dr Erundtland left and Dr Nabarro did not seem to
Among others, David Sanders asked from the floor a question on Gavi: the fact tha'
Tile moderator took two other questions and then asked Dr Nabarro to answer.
Nabarro said something to the effect that he would be very happy to "take all the
Dr Nsbsrro avoided tne indict’tent on the privstizetion of WHO issue
snd the turn
The NGO forum organized by Eric Ram was a big success with several hundred people
There were a
if speakers, Ravi was absolutely excellenr., and so was Judith Ri<
1 Mance i gave a probably too militant speech or*. LMl* and AIDS, using the book tha'
The book s&vs that we are in a situation as serious as that in the 20s, the finan*
Tnp TMF sr.ea’s from me pocket. of r.ne State to give to the private sector in a mat
You all should road that bock..
So I slax'Led with Lhe fad that we are like in the 20s, with a financial syslexu s<
Then I developed the proclem with the neo-liberai social marketing campaign that ]
I outlined how the 'iorld Bank was positioning itself - so does the Macroeconomic *.
I also noted the.t IMF E1PC and. 7-7orld Bank PRSPs, so called, debt reducing pro-poor
1 was happy to find that all the PHM people agreed totally on the need for public
Of course, Sticlitz does a whitewash of the world Bank
but. his indictment of the
1_ spending all day among ourselves is preventing us from being among the delegat_ Much time was spent going through what every branch of PHM, and country is doii
Afternoon on action. Discussion on action was very interesting, but lacked emphas
Among the decisions :
Resolution on Palestine, participation in Porto Alegre next winter, and planning
Eric made a masterlv intervention r.,.rarr’i‘r,rT acainst cjettinc coooted bv WHO. . .
Ravi told is aiL'-'it the proposal of the Global Forum on Health Research to particii
Dr r’eachem .-.'as the architect of the World Bank investment in health and in recent
His ne’-sma; v'sws = r= antagonistic r.o PHM, arid needless to say r.be Global Forum'
4_ ailer the PHM publ
■ .echnical breifing with Dr Brunllarid,
(the next day) the '
-ontact established with a view of partic
be managed by the webmaster, with Unni o>
ontact man organizing the participation
5/22/02 4:30 PM
Sai. 1 Jua
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13:46:13 -0500
'
pre
ition of motl
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subject: P11A-Exchange> FILM Media coverage in the Associated Press (Economist: spending J cent
ever.- dirs 10 could save 8 million lives in poor nations )
-"ate: i-ri. 31 May 2002 23: '8:33 -0700
- rem;
\t 2;C;mrii.\
-
r--J'iiT'kubissn.crs.
' ■ : ec : p[ .Some hrea5ticeding news
31 May 2002 22:12:55 0700
• ram: ‘aviva" <aviva « netnam.vn>
’ 1 q» rli.'i"hf:?}uc U k2biss2. ors
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■
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! o: pha-exchan.ee &kabissa.ors
attacks or. civilians in ralcst.nc/GuJarat
.:...........
.
■. ':
Dec
s'; Het th As:
.. Secretariat, Dcncshas;tha/a Kendra,
■>y?.rr?.t, That?. - ' 3 : :. -atj
Email:
ksavar3citechcc.net
website: www.phamoveiaent.crg
3er.e-.-a, 1”-?; May 23?-
. . ■
■ j ‘ 7 He
tent
'
la, If rica,
Lia and Europe he
at
' ■ ca . ■
Sen
tc coir :ide /ith the World Health Assembly -13th -1 t i May 2002)
tre
the state-sponsored massacres :z civilians in
sccupi : territories of Palestine.
the violence p-e rt ----- tec aga in st :ivi lians,
.
particularly children and women. This should be considered a crime
.. . . . . 5 .
Lsalti
............. :
targeted
has bee:
/scematical 1;
- - - - ;. s .. .. . ■ . .. _ ■
■ .
• . .- sbs-.ructed. This constitutes a
grave violaticr or fundamental humanitarian principles and conventicns.
PIE-1 ala
J-., a
. random suicide attack
a-' s-rt
"s-ae '
- ao-s c- v->
-
i out aqains
.
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......... n
i_ 1 take .’ears to rebuild. 2:
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.s :pon one .. --.. it in ^articular, and :.
." the world in general
: out against such aggression against civilians, to assist in
Id ths
c. c - -
demands ?:.?
.
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Sujarat.
■ -
....
. Li /•■■ ■ Palestini m
i’.'7 ■
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.
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People* - Health Movement also strongly condemn
.....
oivi ians in the western Indian state
expresses their concern over the .
ile arid nhumane
rnce are staying
: demands
■ sis
and compr ehdnsi ; r
tat on.
>>aine: clip i:nagcOO2.eif
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Env- dins: basc64
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Subject: PUA-Excbange> PHM: NGOs Warn of Economic Policy impacts on Medical Services
Bale: Fr;. 31 May 2002 20:17:24 -0700
- rom: aviva' <aviva «r.etnam.vn>
~
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cst Bsrik
Subject: FI.Lk-Excnange> Israel imposes new control regime leading to long term bantustanization o
• **e W est l>anR
Date: Wed, 22 May 2002 00:26:13 4-0700
From: "Aviva" <3viV3'S’netiiani.vn>
To: "pha-exch ' <pha-exchange@ kabissa.org>
com: Palestine Monitor <pa
lip. :>rg>
regime lead!no to
go
In a renewed attempt to control the movement of Palestinians and suffocate
aspects cr Palescin-ian liia* .Israel is set to divide the West Bank
nto
eight isolated areas, ir.trod-jolng a new control regime in the West Bank.
The Israeli army has already informed international representatives and
co^^^u laces chat the'.' intend to divide the West Bank into eicht separate
- Wf
?. a c _ c.s,
c . <a.?■-:?:z -.la-.7115/5, Hania1 1ah, Jericho, Bethlehem and
Hebron, l.over.enz of people and transportation of goods between these areas
will■be subject to a personal permit system and will be enforced through
he
■ already exiting network of Israeli military checkpoints and roadblocks.
- This territorial division is a further development of the closure and
iiege
t policy that has been imposed on the Palestinians since the outbreak of the
s current .nts—soa. ^urung the last 11 months/- une closure and siege nas nad
-■ severe effects or. the Palestinian economy and the humanitarian situation.
» Several communities have been completely isolated and deprived of basic
■ services from nearby town centres. A high number of Palestinians have died
* when held jo at roadblocks on the way to hospitals or shot by Israeli
* solozers sr.zcrcz.7ig ths czcsurs. >ri~h a ps'crrisnsrit d2.Vj.32.on or ths W&st Bank
>■ enforced through r:.li~ary checkpointsr the lives of the civilian
Population
► will continue to be jeopardized and dictated by Israeli soldiers.
Th^^sraeli incenticz to impose this apartheid like system is one of the
' a'^Br Tsra^'-i uni.late^a' ^^asu^^s aimed at consolidating the Israeli
? occupation of the Palestinian territories. It will completely paralyse the
r Pdlesulnldn economy and the already limited movement of people within uhe
t 'lest Bach'’ with severe effects on social administrative and educational
aspects Oi.
> Palestinian life.
ror more infermatien contact The Palesclne bionitor
'o post,
Lo: PrlH.-E:-.eha.r:ue8kablsaci. org
jobsite: http://www.lists.kabissa.orq/maiIman/listinto/pha-exchange
Page 2 of 2
faSB^aai^.vahoo.coiii-;grout>.AlDS-INDIA/links
Page 1 of 1
sochara
out use of Yahoo! Groups is subject io hitt>:'/docs.yahoo.com/inio/terms/
Prom:
Aviva <aviva@netnam.vn>
pha-exch <pha-exchangc@kabissa.org>
=>ent:
Saturday. May 18, 2002 1:00 PM
Subject:
PHA-Exchange> WHO LAUNCHES GLOBAL STRATEGY ON TRADITIONAL MEDICINE
> WHO LAUNCHES THE FIRST GLOBAL STRATEGY ON TRADITIONAL AND
ALTERNATIVE
MEDICINE
> WHO,. Geneva, May. 2002
> Press release: http:.v\ww.who.inVinfen/pr-2002-38.html
> English Document:
http://wn\wttvho.inVmedicines/libraty'.,trm.,trm_ strat eng.pdf
> Spanish Document:
^bhttpy'hvww.who.mr'medicines'1ibraiy''irm/trm strat span.pdf
'French Document: http:, www.who.int/mcdicincs/library/trm/trm strat fr.pdf
> The World Health Organization (WHO) released on May 16.2002 a global plan
to
> address (hose issues. The strategy provides a framework for policy to
assist
p" countries to regulate traditional or complementary/alternative mcciicinc
> (TM/CAM) to make its use safer, more accessible to their populations and
> sustsinsblc.
> Traditional Medicine: Growing Needs and Potential is the core of the WHO
> Strategy for Traditional Medicine for
> 2002-2005. It provides brief information on the growing needs and
challenges
> faced by traditional medicine worldwide. It also gives key messages and a
> checklist for the safety, efficacy and quality to policy-makers.
sets out WHO's role and how the WHO Strategy could meet the challenges
> to support WHO Member States in the proper use of traditional and
> complementary;alternative medicine.
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
To post, write io: PI-IA-Exchangc@kabissa.org
Website: httptywww.lists.kabissa.ors/mailmatylistinfo.i>ha^xchange
5/20/02
5/20/02
Page 1 of 1
sochata
rrom:
Aviva <aviva@netnam vn>
fo:
pha-exch <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
Sent:
Thursday May 16, 2002 8 18 AM
Subject:
PHA-Exchange> INVITATIOM for a PHM meeting and film show in Geneva
People's Health Movement
invites you, friends and colleagues for a meeting and discussion on the global
challenges in health
ON : 16th May, 2002 (Thursday)
World Council of Churches, 150 route de Ferney, Geneva
Time: 2 to 5pm (Followed by the screening of "Hey Ram" I a documentary film on
the genocide in Gujarat. India (where 2000 people have been killed in sectarian strife and resulted
in the displacement of over 150.000 people in the last two months)
Meet the architects leading the People’s Health Movement I Meet health and social activists,
academicians , planners and others from Africa, Americas, Asia, Europe and Australia !■
What is wrong with the present health systems and policies ? (Well what is right with that I)
What are the challenges and crises in global health care?
What needs to be dons to deal 'with the system and the "deadliest epidemic”- poverty ? How does it
matter for the health community ? Who benefits from the new economic policies ? What are the
challenges for the neairh community in the Israeli- Palestinian conflict, Afghanistan and other conflict
situation ?
I^^P; unnikru@yahoc.com
5/17/02
Page 1 of2
sdchara
From:
UNNiKRiSHNAN P V (Dr) <unnikru@yahoo.com>
To:
<unnikru@hotmai!.com>
’-•c:
<gk@citechco nef>, <PHA-Exchange@kabissa.org^; Claudio Schuffan <aviva@netnam.vn^
Sent:
Subject:
Wednesday, May 15. 2002 12:04 PM
PHA-Exchange> Global campaign to be launched: Global campaign to be launched: (PRESS
RELEASE (15th May 2002):
URGENT - Press Reieass
Gnneva:
C07 ? '-.7! ;r>: •; 717 ■ 71 m ’’.ST FO fed 5^10! LI S3 LI
)»■! t-1 n M1F--J |L-» t.g pi} Fl r, tr-'n M
tw&nwraRs r 1 tv.'*
« — w
« — — CH -TTT <SE3 CS MH1T3 ISO
f
n
/■—\ f-r-\ zr\ rvs#». r ?,-»
LU'-a/ -w
a do
«.
PH.A Secretariat, Goncshasthaya Kendra, Nayarhat, Dhaka - 1344, Bangladesh
tel: 880-2-770 8316, 770 8335-6, 017-526 558 (Mobile); fax: 880-2-770 8317;
website: http://www.phamover.ient.orq
Email: qksavar@citechcc.net
Contact d6t?.hs at Geneva {May 2092): Mobile; +41 78 876 5437 , E-mail: unnikru@yahoo.com &
satyasagar@yahoo.com
5sS>.^
nd.'.'
ns
t-r
n
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•< « • ■ • •
flr 8ti m
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mtn:it:<3 /ntcs:
Geneva: 1S’" ;>day, 2C‘O2; With the 25th anniversary of the Alma Ata declaration on Health for All approaching in
2003. the People’s Heaith Movement will launch a year long global campaign to revive its vision of a holistic approach io
healthcare which addresses the social, economic and political determinants of health.
The campaign will be undertaken in over 92 countries around the world — from where delegates came to attend the first
ever Decpie’s Health Assembly in Dhaka, Bangladesh two years ago A focus of the campaign will be to promote the
worldwide adoption of the People’s Charter for Heaith (PCH), forged at the Dhaka gathering and which constitutes the
largest consensus document cn health sines ths AJma A.ta declaration of 1978.
A key pari of the global campaign will be to get the World Health Organisation (WHO) to rediscover Its own mandate for
health, its own commitment to primary health care and Health for All. Though the WHO, along with UNICEF, were among
the main facilitators of the Alma Ata conference 24 years ago they have since done little to realise the goals of Health for
All and indeed repudiated their original commitment to the Alma Ata objectives and process.
The PHM’s campaign will also take the People’s Charter for Health to other civil society groups such as the environmental
movement, trade unions, student unions and global justice movements for their endorsement. Since the PHM’s critique of
global heaith policies goes beyond looking at the narrow confines of the health sector alone efforts will be made to build
up a truly comprehensive moverneni that mobilises a wide range of social forces io radically transform the current
perspective of heaiih policy markers ana institutions.
At the 55th session of the World Health Assembly the People’s Health Movement comes with five crucial messages for
the WHO'.
5/17/02
Pa°c 2 of 2
Work for the neaitn of the poor marginalized and indigent who are becoming the victims of neo-liberal
economic policies
Tsck’.a povcrt?'
end conflicts that arc becoming ths Key determinants of health
Bring real inter-seotorality into the discussions and initiatives for health instead of using ’charity funds’ for
marketing 'magic bullets’ for diseases. Avoid vertical top-down approaches to tackling health problems
Be transparent and accountable in the interaction with the corporate sector- who is not mandated to ’work for
people's heaiih but primarily for profits. Ensure WHO initiatives are free of corporate interest
Be more participatory in the approach on health issues by engaging in continuous dialogue with the grass roots
and people’s health movements.
Dr. Qasem Choudhury
Dr. Ravi Narayan
Co-ordinator, People’s Health Assembly
Convenor, PHA- WHA circle
For details, ca’I PrlA media team * Mobile: +41 78 876 5437 (Dr. Unniknshnan PV / Satya Sivereman)
PHA Coordinating Croup: Asian Community Health Action Network (ACHAN) * Consumers International Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific
ROAR) ’ Dag Hammarskjdd Foundation (DHF) ’ Gonoshasthaya Kendra (GK) * Health Action International (HAI)* Internationa! People's
Health Council (IPHC) *
Third World Network (TWN) * Women's Globa! Network for Reproductive Rights (WGNRR)
5/17/02
Page 1 of 1
sochara
Prom:
Nikki Wright <nwright@ieha irrfo>
■’ o:
•-PHA-exchange@kabissa.org>
»ent:
Tuesday May 1Z 2002 Z. Z7 PM
Subject:
PHA-Exchangc> Call for papers for new journal focusing on eHealth and Development
Cal! for papers for eHeaitn international - a new journal focusing on eHealth and Development
p.sw ’ournal of the international eHealth Association be in*"1
Psosrs are
rgrpivg<< fr«r
»>1
fJMkyilOilVV kZjr I_» I
/>_>-. 4-,-. I
{--uu !»-*-.—
'OX-H IM C4> - VI l^^lllll It 11^1 I IUIIVI lUl.
This peer reviewed journal will focus on appropriate technologies in healthcare including all aspects of
eHealth. Telemedicineftelehealth use of ICTs. Biotechnology and all issues in electronic healthcare
tGchnolooiAs w'H b° ceas'd®rAo for o'jb^Crtion.
For more information contact Dr. Harry McConnell, hmcconnell@ieha.info.
5/17/0
I
Page 1 of2
sochara
From:
Aviva <aviva@netnam vn>
To:
pha-exch <pha-exchange@kabissa.org >
Sent:
Tuesday May 14 2002 6 45 AM
Subject:
PHA-Exchange> PHM PRESS RELEASE (14th May 2002), Geneva.
From: unnikru@vahoo.com
Subject: PRESS RELEASE (14th May 2002)' People's Health Movement calls on WHO to START
ACTING AND STOP THE RHETORIC.
PHM Secretariat cksavar@citechco.net
website: httoJ/www.nhamoven-ient.org
wUas s*■
s? V 5 3
33 3
IS W n
PT<T-~ ~rv;
u
S 0,8 QSU S3 S 5 E W“
o
Geneva: 14- May, 2002: i he People's Health Movement (PHM) welcomes the World Health Organisation
"vVUrfl nirar4nr_~ar»arof’c rairarpfrnn nr bar nroonicofiQn'c aHlD'HOR tn t°CMp thp
'^IS^QS^S
\(\ IlSf
speech to the 55s' Worid Health Assembly but is deeply disappointed that the rhetoric is not backed by
meaningful action on the ground.
Indeed the WHO with its selective approach and public-private initiatives for funding healthcare strategies is
going back on its commitment towards taking a comprehensive approach on healthcare issues. There is no
evidence at all that such public-private initiatives and excessive dependence on the private industry have
had any positive impact on the health situation anywhere. Continuation of this strategy by the WHO will only
be a case of triumph of empty hope over bitter experience.
The PHM further warns that while the WHO is flirting with industry in the name of raising resources for
healthcare this is being done without proper guidelines or long-term vision and is only likely to result in the
body becoming a too! of profits-before-peopie machinations of the drug and other multinationals.
An example of the WHO’s unprincipled liaison with private industry is illustrated by its recent endorsement of
the Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN) This will involve giving assistance to multinationals
selling 'fortified foods’ in lobbying for favourable tariffs and tax rates and speedier regulatory review of new
products in developing countries.
Apart from the very guestionable health benefits of such fortified foods’ the WHO’s association with the
'Marlboro' Philip Morris owned KraftFoods. which is among the leading players in the GAIN consortium
raises worrying questions aboiL what enteria the world body uses in su^h so caLed public-private initiatives.
Thai the WHO wants to tackle the problem of malnutrition in poor countries by doing a 'deaf with
multinationals, known more forinouemg consumers to unhealthy food, only snows up its desperation. The
vgp7 concopt of ths GAIN consortium is testimony to ths failure of ths WHO s healthcare approach so far.
Ths WHO s involvement in the Globa! Fund for AIDS IB and Malaria is also another example of ths
organisation’s selective approach io ihe worldwide health crisis and is unsustainable in the long-term. The
WHO’s piece-mea! and one-off attitude towards the numerous health problems besetting poorer countries
5/17/02
V8IU9S Of Ho-lin TCP A:!
i ne PHm aiso notes wuh creat concern that Director Genera! Brundtiand:s listing of the WHO's various
sc. .isvsrrisnts sctuc'iv ™de ^erorcar,.is2tion.,s inability to stand up to other international institutions and
corporations that profoundly and negaliveiy affect the health of millions of people around the world. Bodies
such as the Wodd Bank and the World Trade Organisation are making decisions that influence health
worldwide but the WHO seems to be too coy about using its influence to protect the health sector from the
policies of these omanisAtions.
It is true that the WHO’s influence on health policies around the world has been dwindling in recent times but
uiai is only because it has lost credibility by refusing to seriously address any of the structural problems
that underline health problems in poor and developing countries. It is time for radical change.
Dr. Qasem Choudhurv
Dr. Ravi Narayan
Co-ordinator Paoote’s Hsaitn Asssmblv
Convenor, PHA- WHA circle
m details, call PHA media team: Mobile: +41 78 876 5437 (Dr. Unnikrishnan PV / Satya Sivaraman)
5/17/02
Page 1 of2
:<~c«
from:
Saran Shannon <sarahs@hesperian.org>
• o:
<todd@hesoerian.org>
*.-c:
<r'pvmf=<-'i=(gjlicf«:Rn/ ur>gus=!nh ca>; <p'na-exchange@kabissa org>, <wuscnef@wusc.ca>
Subject:
PHA-txchange> impact of media & Communication in Public Health and Biotechnology
Reply to:
Tea Vuku i Rukavina. MD
Andrija tampar School of Public Health
Rocketellerova 4
10 000 Zagreb
Croatia
phone:-r385 1 4590 169
fax: —385 1 4684 406
e-mail: tvukusic@snz.hr
- Forwarded message follows —
hi I
My name is Tea Vukusic Rukavina, I'm fellow researcher al the Andrija Slampar
School of Public Health, Department of Medical Sociology and Health Economics,
z7 a2Fcf): Crostia.
I also work asan executive director of the 5 th International Conference
"Health Insurance in
26-28 September 2002, Zagreb, organized by
Andrija Stampar School of Public Heaith, Zagreb, Croatia, London School of
Economics and > ondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
4th International Conference "Health Insurance in Transition" gathered 450
participants from 17 countries all over the world (report is in the
attachment).
One of the modules in Conference 2002 is Impact of Media and Communication in
P^Jic Health and Biotechnology. Since you rcpcrcscntMcdia & HcallhGroup, wo
1S
you might be interested in participating at our Conference.
i
k
We would like io strengthen collaboration between media and health care
professionals and present basic PR's skills lo health care officials, decision
makers and researchers.
Public relations are important for successful research. This module is
designed
also for young journalists who are writing about science and for young
researchers who would like to have some basic PR. skills. It is important to
bring together journalists and researchers, because their close cooperation
will produce adequate and true and up to date information to general public.
Researchers should know that without good public promotion of their work their
funding prospects will be severely damaged, but they should also know that
joumalisis are here also to scrutinize their work which should always be of
[snipped] you'ii find [snipped] preliminary program of Ihis module and 2002
conference, [snipped] at onr web site www.dub-conference.org
SliiCCiuj y.
5/17/02
isa Vuku i Rukavina
>s * ❖ * X. * * * * * *
* * * * * * * * * * * s * .J. £ £ £ £ * £ * £ ;£ * £ * ::t £ *
1 ea Vuku i Rukavina. MD
Andrija lampar Schixrl oi'Public Health
Rockefellerova 4
10 000 Zagreb
Croatia
phone-w3 85 1 4590 169
fax: +385 i 4684 406
e-mail: fviikus icffisn7 hr
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sochara
From:
Aviva ^aviva@nefnam .vn>
pha-exch <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
°>ent:
Subject:
Monday, May 13, 2002 7:35 PM
PHA-Exchange> 2002 HAZARDOUS TO HEALTH: THE WORLD BANK AND IMF IN AFRICA
From: Firoze Manji <firoze@, fahamu.org>
> Action Position Paper by Ann-Louise Colgan, Research Associate, Africa
Action, April, 2002.
> Health is a fundamental human right. Health is also an essential component
of development, vital to a nation's growth and internal stability. Over the
past two
> decades, the World Bank and BvIF have undermined Africa's health through
the policies they have imposed. The dependence of poor and highly indebted
/^ican countries on World Bank and IMF loans has given these institutions
Wrcragc to control economic policy-making in these countries. The policies
mandated by the World Bank
> and IMF have forced African governments to orient their economies towards
> sreaxer mxesraxion in inxemaxional markets at the expense of social
services and long-term development priorities. They have reduced the role of
the state and cut back government expenditure.
While many African countries succeeded in improving their health care
> systems in the first decades after independence, the intervention of the
■> World ror>v nriH ]2vlLF reversed this progress. Investments in health. care Uy
> African governments in the 1970s achieved improvements in key health
> indicators. In Kenya, for example, child mortality was reduced by almost
50%
> in the first two decades after independence in 1963. Across sub-Saharan
> Africa, the first decades after independence saw significant increases in
> life expectancy, from an average of 44 years to more than 50 years.
> In the 1980s and 1990s, however. African governments had to cede control
>^^er their economic decision-making in order to qualify for World Bank and
>W loans. The conditions attached to these loans undid much of the
progress
> achieved in public health. The policies dictated by the World Bank and IMF
> exacerbated poverty, providing fertile ground for the spread of HTV/AIDS
and
> other infectious diseases. Cutbacks in health budgets and privatization of
> health services eroded previous advances in health care and weakened the
> capacity of African governments to copc with the gi owing health crisis.
> Consequently, during the past two decades the life expectancy of Africans
> has dropped fay 15 years.
> Africa Action calls for an end to World Bank and IMF policies that
undermine
> health. This requires canceling the debts that prevent African governments
> from making their full contribution to addressing the health crisis. It
also
> requires ending the imposition of harmful economic policies as conditions
> for future loans or grants
5/17/02
Page 2 of 7
1. In 1944. The World Bank and IMF were were designed as pillar's of the
post-war global economic order. The World Bank’s focus is the provision of
long-term loans to support development projects and programs. The IMF
concentrates on providing loans to stabilize countries with short- term
financial crises. The World Bank and IMF became
> increasingly powerful in Africa with the economic crisis of the early
1980s.
> In the late 1970s. rising oil prices, rising interest rates, and falling
prices tor other primary commodities left many poor African countries unable
to repay mounting foreign debts, hi the early 1980s. Africa's debt crisis
worsened. The ratio of its foreign debt to its export income grew to 500%.
African countries needed increasing amounts of "hard currency" to repay
their external debts (i.e. convertible foreign currencies such as dollars
and deutschmarks). But their share of world trade was decreasing and their
export earnings dropped as global prices for primary' commodities fell. The
reliance of many African countries on imports of manufactured goods, which
they themselves did not
> produce, left them importing more while they exported less. Their balance
x
payments problems worsened and their foreign debt burdens became
> unsustainable.
African governments needed new loans to pay their outstanding debts and to
> meet critical domestic needs. The World Bank and IMF became key providers
of
> loans to countries thm were unnble to borrow elsewhere, t hey took over
from
> private banks as the main source of loans for poor countries. These
institutions provided "hard currency" loans to African countries to insure
repayment of their external debts and to restore economic stability. The
World Bank and IMF were important instruments of Western powers during the
Cold war in both economic and political terms.
> They performed a political function by subordinating development
objectives
> to geostrategic interests. They also promoted an economic agenda that
sought
> to preserve Western dominance in the global economy. Not surprisingly, the
>^P?rld Bank and IMF are directed by the governments of the world's richest
> countries. Combined, the "Group of 7" (U.S., Britain, Canada, France,
> Germany. Italy and Japan) hold more than 40% of the votes on the Boards of
Directors of these institutions. The U.S. alone accounts for almost 20%. It
was U.S. policy
> during the Reagan Administration in the early 1980s, to expand the role of
the World Bank and IMF in managing developing economies. The dependence of
African countries on new loans gave the World Bank and IMF great leverage.
The conditions attached to these loans required African countries to submit
to economic changes that favored "free
> markets." This standard policy package imposed by the World Bank and IMF
was
> termed "structural adjustment." This referred to the purpose of correcting
> trade imbalances and government deficits. It involved cutting back the
role
> of the state and promoting the role of the private sector. The ideology
5/17/02
P-io*1 3 nf 7
' behind these policies is often labeled "nco-liberalism," “free market
,”or tHp ’’Washington Consensus.” From the 1970s on, this
' orientation became the dominant economic paradigm for rich country
>• governments and for the international financial institutions. The basic
> assumption behind structural adjustment was that an increased role for the
> market would bring benefits to both poor and rich. This would encourage
> others to follow their example. The development of a market economy with a
> greater rote for the private sector was therefore seen as the key to
> stimulating economic growth. The crisis experienced by African countries
in
> the early 1980s did expose the need for economic adjustments. With
declining
> incomes and rising expenses, African economics were becoming badly
> distorted. Corrective reforms became increasingly necessary. 1 he key issue
> with adjustments of this kfod however, is whether they build the capacity
> io recover and whether they promote long- term development. The
adjustments
> dictated by the World Bank and mF did neither.
> African countries require essentia! investments in health, education and
> infrastructure before they can compere internationally. The World Bank and
ja^'vTF instead required countries to reduce state support and protection for
^wocial and economic sectors. They insisted on pushing weak African
economies
> into markets where they were unable to compete with the might of the
> international private sector. These policies further undermined the
economic
> development of African countries.
Structural adjustment refers to a package of economic policy changes
designed to fix imbalances in trade and government budgets.
> In trade, the objective is to improve a country's balance of payments, by
> increasing exports and reducing imports. For budgets, the objective is to
> increase government income and to reduce expenses. In theory, achieving
> these goals will enable a country io recover macroeconomic stability in
the
> short-term. It will also set the stage for long-term growth and
development.
>gjfce structural adjustment programs of the early 1980s were meant to
provide
> temporary financing to borrowing countries to stabilize their economies.
> These loans were intended to enable governments to repay their debts,
reduce
> deficits in spending, and close the gap between imports and exports.
> Gradually, these loans evolved into a core set of economic policy changes
> required by the World Bank and IMF. They were designed to further
integrate
> African countries into the global economy, to strengthen the role of the
> international private sector, and to encourage growth through trade.
Typical
> components of adjustment programs included cutbacks in government
spending.
> privatization of government-held enterprises and services, and reduced
5/17/02
Page 4 of7
food
ncvuiuciuon. mci'CHScd interest rcncs snd the climintnion o*?
' subsidies. 1 he underlying intention was to minimize the role of the slate.
orId I >ank and IMF adjustment programs differ according to the role of
each
> institution. In general, IMF loan conditions focus on monetary’ and fiscal
> issues. They emphasize programs to address inflation and balance of
payments
> problems, often requiring specific levels of cutbacks in total government
spending. The adjustment programs of the World Bank are wider m scope.
with
-> a more long-term development focus. They highlight market liberalization
and
> public sector reforms, seen as promoting growth through expanding exports,
> particularly ofcash crops. Despite these differences. World Bank and IMF
> adjustment programs reinforce each other. Governments generally must first
> approved by the IMF. before qualifying for an adjustment loan from the
World
> Bank. Their agendas also overlap in the financial sector in particular.
Both
^vork to impose fiscal austerity and to eliminate subsidies for workers,
tor
> example. The market-oriented perspective of both institutions makes their
> policy prcs-crjptiops co2nplciTiciit?iiy.
> Adjustment lending constitutes 100% of IMF loans. In 2001. approximately
27%
“
'
> of World Bank lending to African countries was for "adjustment." In the
> World Bank's total loan portfolio, adjustment lending generally accounts
for
> between one-third and one-half. The remainder of World Bank loans are
> disbursed for development projects and programs. The project portfolio of
> the Bank covers such areas as infrastructure, agricultural and
environmental
> development, and human resource development. In some cases, the projects
> supported by World Bank loans do make useful contributions to development.
> But these occasional successes must be weighed against the negative
> of increasing debt, imposed economic policies and their consequences. The
> past two decades of World Bank and IMF structural adjustment in Africa
have
> lea to greater social and economic deprivation, and an increased
dependence
> of African countries on external loans. The failure of structural
adjustment
> has been so dramatic that some critics of the World Bank and IMF argue
that
> the policies imposed on African countries were never intended to promote
> development. On the contrary, they claim that their intention was to keep
> these countries economically weak and dependent. The most industrialized
5/17/02
Page 5 of 7
> countries in the world have actually developed under conditions opposite
to
xiupviCU DY in.£ " 0S1Q LJ2.QK ?J13 livLT Oil AfriCilll 20V€nilIlC’l’.S. 111C ’J.b.
and
> the countries of Western Europe accorded a central role to the state in
> economic activity, and practiced strong protectionism, with subsidies for
> domestic industries. Under World Bank and IMF programs. African countries
> have been forced to cut back or abandon the very provisions which helped
> rich countries to grow and prosper in me past. Even more significantly,
the
> policies of lite World Bank and IMF have impeded Africa's development by
> undermining Africa's health. Their free market perspective has failed to
> consider health an integral component of an economic growth and human
> development strategy. instead, the policies of these institutions have
> caused a deterioration in health and in health care sendees across the
> African continent.
> Health status is influenced by socioeconomic factors as well as by the
state of health care deliver.' systems. The policies prescribed by the World
Bank and IMF have increased poverty in African countries and mandated
cutbacks in the health sector. Combined, this has caused a massive
deterioration in the continent’s health status.
> The health care systems inherited by most African states after the
colonial
^Bbra were unevenly weighted toward privileged elites and urban centers. In
> the 1960s and 1970s, substantial progress was made in improving the reach
of
> health care services in many African countries. Most African governments
> increased spending on the health sector during this period. They
endeavored
> to extend primary health care and to emphasize the development of a public
> health system to redress the inequalities of the colonial era. The World
> Health Organization /WHO) emphasized the importance of primary healthcare
al
> the historic Alma Ata Conference in 1978. The Declaration of Alma Ata
> focused on a community-based approach to health care and resolved that
> comprehensive health care was a basic right and a responsibility of
> government. These efforts undertaken by African governments after
> independence were quite successful. There were increases in the numbers of
> health professionals employed in the public sector, and improvements in
> health care infrastructure in many countries. There was also some success
> extending care to formerly unsewed areas and populations. Across the
> continent, there were improvements in key health care indicators, such as
> infant mortality rates and life expecta ncy. The number of doctors and
nurses was also significantly increased during this time. Infant mortality
was reduced.
While progress across the Africa was uneven, it was significant, not only
because of its
> positive effects on the health of African populations. It also illustrated
a
> commitment by African leaders to the principle of building and developing
5/17/02
Page 6 of 7
> their health care systems.
A-s African governments became clients of the World Bank and IMF, they
forfeited control
<’vc> their domestic spending priorities. The loan conditions of these
tnsiiitutxjns i<-iccvi vomractiori m government spending on health and other
> social services. Poverty and Health 1 he relationship between poverty and
> ul-health is welt established. The economic austerity policies attached
t? ■ ■> Vvof’d Rank and T\tF loans led to intensified poverty in many African
> countries in the 1980s and 1990s. This increased the vulnerability of
> African populations to the spread of diseases and to other health
problems.
> 1 he public sector job losses and wane cuts associated with World Bank and
IMF programs increased hardship in many African countries. During the
19 Sus.
when most African countries came under World Bank and IMF tutelage, per
> capita income declined significantly most of sub- Saharan Africa. The
removal of food and agricultural subsidies caused prices to rise and created
increased food insecurity. This led to a marked deterioration in nutritional
status, especially among women and children. Malnutrition resulted in iow
birth weights urtiono infants and stunted growth
-* among children in many countries. It is currently estimated that one in
> every three children in Africa is underweight. In general, between one> quarter and one-third of the population of sub-Saharan Africa is
chronically
J^nalnourished. The deepening poverty' across the continent has created
^Vtile
> ground for the spread of infectious diseases. Declining living conditions
> and reduced access to basic services have led to decreased health status.
In
> Africa today, almost half of the population lacks access to safe water and
> adequate sanitation services. As immune systems have become weakened,
> the susceptibility' of Africa's people to infectious diseases has greatly
> increased. A joint release issued by WHO and the Joint UN Programme on
> HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) in April 2001 reports that the number of cases of
> tuberculosis in Africa will reach 3.3 million per year by 2005. WHO
> reported in 2001 thst almost 3.000 Africans die each day of malaria. Each
> year in Africa, the disease takes the lives of more than 500.000 children
> below the age of five. Most devastating of all has been the impact of
> the IHV/ AIDS pandemic. The spread of IHV/AIDS in Africa has been
> facilitated by' worsening poverty and by the conditions of inequality'
> intensified bv World Bank and IMf policies. Economic insecurity has
i^ginforced migrant labor patterns, which in turn have increased the risk
> infection Reduced access to health care services has increased the spread
> of sexually transmitted diseases and the vulnerability to HIV infection.
t'- Further details:
> http:,7www.eauinctainca.org/ncwslctter/new'slettcr.php’?id=634
> Edit:
htip://www.equinetafrica.org/newsletter/adniin/admin.php?action=inodify&.id=634
5/17/02
Page 7 of 7
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soehara
From:
Aviva ovivaialnetnam vn>
Cc:
acc/scn <.accscn@who.ch>
Monday, May 13, 2002 5:00 PM
PHA-Exchange> World Food Summit five years later
Sent:
Subject:
World Food Summit five years later
This is as a follow up to vol. 44.4 of Soc for Inti Dev (SID) journal on
'Food
> Security and Livelihoods', and in order to update you on SED engagement in
> the preparations for the World Food Summit (WFS) five years later review.
> The WFS review will take place in Rome on June 10th-13th. The event will
^Articulated around a number of plenaries and roundtables, open to country’
> delegations as well as 606 representatives from NGOs and civil society
> organisations. Country’ representatives are already working on the draft
> document of the Declaration which will be issued as the Sununit
deci aration.
> This paper is available on the web at
> httm.'/www.fao.org/worldfoodsummit'practical.htm Comments on the text are
> sought and NGOs/CSOs are invited to express their views.
> Organisation of a Multi-Stakeholder Dialogue (MSD) was endorsed by the FAO
as a way of facilitating dialogue and enabling civil society
representatives to
> convey their views on food security issues to the government delegates.
The
> MSD has now been scheduled on Wednesday June 12ih al 2.30 pm, with
> voluntary' attendance by country delegations.
>Wral!el to the official Forum, an event organised by NGOs/CSOs will be
> held on June 8th- 13th. Among the main themes identified for discussion in
the Forum are the right to food, food sovereignty, alternative models of
agricultural production and access to resources, Street rallies and other
events are expected, with mobilisation
> of peasants, NGOs/CSOS, fisherfolks, agricultural workers, trade unions
and
> indigenous peoples of the world calling for food sovereignty.
>
> Planning on all the parallel events is fast advancing; workshops and
> small meetings are being organised in both the official and the NGOs/CSOs
> Fora. Please I look forward to hearing from you at your earliest
convenience.
> With warm regards,
Elena Mancusi-Materi
> Society for International Development (SID)
> E-rnail.elenam@sidint.org
Web:http://www.sidint.org
5/17/02
Page 1 of 2
sochsrg
From:
Aviva <aviva@netnam vn>
Sent;
Monday. May 13, 2002 4.14 PM
Subject:
PHA-Exchange> B. Gates, micronutrients and transnationals
pha-exch <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
Brace Cogill at bcogjll.gsmtp.aed.prg wrote:
Let the-, eat Cheez Whiz?
An international consortium led by Bill Gates's charitable foundation plans to
address malnutrition around the world by offering economic incentives to
Kraft, Procter & Gamble and other food companies to bring fortified processed
foods and food commodities to impoverished nations.
The unusual program, funded mostly with $50 million from the Gates Foundation,
has signed up Kraft Foods Inc., Procter & Gamble Co.,
H.J.Heinz and vitamin manufacturers Roche and BASF Corp. Participating
companies would add nutrients, such as iron, folic acid and vitamin A, to food
pducts they sell in poor countries and also provide governments and small
•
nd producers with technical assistance for fortifying food staples, such as
rico, maize meal, wheat flour, oil, sugar, soy sauce and salt.
In exchange, the consortium, called the Global Alliance for Improved
Nutrition, or GAIN, would otter companies assistance in lobbying tor
favorable tariffs and tax rates and speedier regulatory review of new products
in targeted. countries. The consortium -also would give local governments monev
for initiatives to help create demand for fortified foods, including large
scale public relations campaigns or a governmental "seal of approval."
The effort, whose total funding is $70 million over five years, is set to be
launched officially Thursday by Mr. Gates at the United Nations General
Assembly Special Session on Children. The consortium includes U.N. agencies
such as the World Bank, the World Health Organization and Unicef, the
governments of the U.S., Japan, Germany and Canada, and global health and
nutrition experts. Negotiations with some countries have already begun.
The presidents of Sri Lanka and Zambia are expected to be at the
announcement and are considering expanding current food- fortification
programs under the new effort.
Facts about vitamin and micronutrient deficiencies in developing
c^fc'.tries:
* iwo billion people suffer from anemia (mostly iron deficiency
anemia)
* One-fifth of maternal deaths are due to severe anemia
* An estimated 2CC million children do not get enough vitamin A from
the:r daily di et
* Without supplemental vitamin A, 250,000 would go blind each year
* Close to two billion people do not get enough iodine from their daily diet
* Iodine deficiency is the leading cause of preventable mental
retardation in the world
Source: GAIN, USAID
Some experts are troubled by the idea of Bill Gates and multinational food
companies teaming up to reach into underdeveloped countries' food systems.
Critics dislike helping corporations peddle processed foods that,
despite added nutrients, still aren't especially healthy because of their fat,
sugar or sodium content. Many see the GAIN program as just a heavy-handed way
to ease corporate access to poor markets — and one that won't do much to
counter malnutrition.
This is a reductionist, single-nutrient techno-fix to a problem that is much
more complex.
The main reason for
5/17/02
Page 2 of2
e lack of decent nutritional status is poverty.
The GAIN project is modeled after the billion-dollar global vaccine
program to inoculate poor children, also backed by the Gates foundation. The
guiding principle is to bring public agencies and private industry together to
address grossly inadequate basic health care for the poor resulting from
tailures of the marketplace. The foundation's approach is to fix nroblems
using market mechanisms. GAIN officials say they hope to encourage national
governments to
provide regulatory concessions for fortified foods,
for industry.
thereby reducing the costs
Patti Rundall, Policy Director
Baby Milk Action, 23 St Andrew's St, Cambridge, CB2 3AX
Work Tel: 01223 464420, Mobile: 07786 523493, Fax: 01223 464417
email: prundali@babymilkaction.org, Websites: wvAv.babvmilkaction.org
wwwjbfa n.org
Baby Milk Action is the IJK member of:
The International Nestle Boycott Committee
INTERNATIONAL BABY FOOD ACTION NETWORK
- 1998 RIGHT LIVELIHOOD AWARD RECIPIENTThe information in this e-mail is intended solely for the use of rhe addressee(s) named.
Any unauthorised use of the email or its contents is prohibited. Kindly advise me if you
have received the email in error. If so. please delete it; if printed, destroy the document;
if forwarded, kindly advise the recipient of action to be taken.
I
5/17/02
Page 1 of2
sochara
From:
George(s) Lessard <rnedia@web.net>
! c:
i-'c:
Sent:
Subject:
<c.reative-rad:o@yahoogroups.com>; <mediamer)tor@yahoogroups.com>
<devmedia@iistserv.uogueiph.ca>, <pha-excnange@kabissa.org>; <wuscnet@wusc.ca>
Saturday, May 11, 2002 10:04 PM
PHA-Exchange> impact of Media & Communication in Public Health and Biotechnology
Reply io:
Tea Vuku i Rukavina. MD
Andrija tampar School of Public Health
Rockefellerova 4
10 000 Zagreb
Croatia
phone:+385 1 4590 169
fax: +385 1 4684 406
e-mail: tvukusic@snz.hr
— Forwarded message follows —
My name is Tea Vukusic Rukavina, I'm fellow researcher al the Andrija Slampar
School of Public Health. Department of Medical Sociology and Health Economics.
Zagreb, CrO3tl3.
I also work asan executive director of the 5th International Conference
"Health Insurance in Transition", 26-28 September 2002, Zagreb, organized by
Andrija Stamper School of Public Health. Zagreb, Croatia, London School of
Economics and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
4th International Conference "Health Insurance in Transition" gathered 450
participants from 47 countries ail over the world (report is in the
attachment).
One of the modules in Conference 2002 is Impact of Media and Communication in
Ij^lic Health and Biotechnology. Since you rcpcrcscntMcdia & HcalthGroup, we
think you might be interested in participating at our Conference.
We would like to strengthen collaboration between media and health care
professionals and present basic PR’s skills to health care officials, decision
makers and researchers.
Public relations arc important for successful research. This module is designed
also for young journalists who are writing about science and for young
researchers who would like to have some basic PR. skills. It is important to
bring together journalists and researchers, because their close cooperation
will produce adequate and true and up lo dale informalion to general public.
Researchers should know that without good public promotion of their work their
funding prospects will be severely damaged, but they should also know that
journalists are here also to scrutinize their work which should always be ot
benefit to their communities.
5/17/02
Page 2 of 2
vomerence. (snipped] at our web site www.dub-contcrence.org
Sincerely,
’
I ea Vuku i Rukavina
^^^HJ^^JScSt^i}:****^^^****************^******^**:^:^*
1 ca Vuku i Rukavina. MD
Andnja tampar School of Public Health
Rockefellerova 4
10 000 Zagreb
Croatia
phone:+385 1 4590 169
fax: +385 1 4684 406
e-mail: tvmkusic@siiz.hr
------- End of forwarded message---------:-) Message ends. Signature begins (-:
George Lessard, living @ 61.10N 94.05W
Comments should be sent io media@ no spam web.net
[Remove _no_spam_ from addresses to e-mailJ
"Only those who will risk going too far can possibly
find out how far one can go." T.S. Eliot...
"If you think you are too small to make a difference,
try sleeping in a closed room with a mosquito..." African Proverb
•2# 8501081
MediaMentor Weblog
http:/7wvnv.eGroups.com'list'mediamentor
rlomepages http://media002.tripod.com
Caveat Lector, Disclaimers & (c) info
http://members.iripod.com/~media002/disclaimer.htm
Semi-random signature quotes follow:
No generalization is true.
— Alan Dawson
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5/17/02
nge> Correction from Claudio
Subject: PHA-Exchangc> Correction from Claudio
Date: Wed, 24 Apr 2002 09:22:38 -1-0700
From: "Aviva" <aviva@netnam.vn>
To: "pha-exch" <pha-exchange@kabissa.org>
I apologize for a 'faux pax'. The change of PHM's secretariat to
Bangalore
in Oct. is not definite yet. A consensus still needs be okayed. The
Indian
PHA network - NCC should be considering this possibility at their next
meeting in June or July to endorse it; the matter should also be
discussed
when the PHMC is constituted in October - November 2002. A final
decision
will ttion jds rinds.
Perhaps on our 16th Meeting at the WCC in Geneva, we can discuss this
issue
and the follow-up action.
Claudio
PHA-Exchange is hosted on Kabissa - Space for change in Africa
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4/27/02 8:55 AM
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