PROMOTION OF SANITATION IN ANGANWADIS
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- Title
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PROMOTION OF SANITATION
IN ANGANWADIS - extracted text
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MOTION OF SANITATION
NGANWADIS
PROMOTION OF SANITATION
IN ANGANWADIS
CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
4.
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
5.
5.1
5.2
5.3
6.
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
7.
Figure 1
Figure 2
Figure 3
Figure 4
Figure 5
Table 1
Table 2
Table 3
Appendix A
Table A1
Appendix B
-Table B.1
Table' B.2 .
Form B.1
Form B.2
Form B.3
Introduction
Approach
Why Anganwadi latrine?
The programme
Formulation of scheme
Sanitation education and staff orientation
Construction of latrine
Maintenance
Types of latrines
Pour flush waterseal latrine
Pit latrine (ventilated improved Pit.—V.I.P )
Reed odourless earth closet (ROEC)
Design considerations
Latrine superstructure
Footrests
Size of sludge pits
Risk of domestic water pollution
Cost estimates
Dual-pit waterseal latrine
Dual-pit waterseal latrine (Section details)
Ventilated improved pit latrine
Reed odourless earth closet
Selection of distance between latrine pits and
water supply installation
Material requirement for pour flush water seal latrine
Material requirement for V.I.P. latrine
Material requirement for ROEC
Formulation of the scheme
Survey of water source in Anganwadi and proposed
anganwadi latrine maintenance
Guidelines on the organisation of sanitation orientation
camps for CDPOs. supervisors and anganwadi workers
Education materials for orientation of CDPOs Supervisors and
anganwadi workers
.. Schedule of sanitation orientation camp
C.hfeck list of completed unit.
Anganwadi sanitation and hygiene monthly evaluation form
Summary of Anganwadi sanitation and hygiene
evaluation forms
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1.
INTRODUCTION
In India, the high incidence of mortality and morbidity, particularly among
children, is largely attributed to unsafe water supply, poor personal hygiene
practices and insanitary environment During the last decade, considerable
progress has been made in the provision of water supply and for which UNICEF has
actively collaborated with the Government. However, progress in sanitation has
been slow due largely to a combination of factors, namely, poverty, lack of
awareness, conservatism and low priority given to it.
In response to the UN sponsored Water Supply and Environmental Sanitation
Decade (1981-1990), the Government of India has set targets of achieving 80 per
cent sanitation coverage of the urban and 25 per cent coverage of the rural
population by 1990.
The purpose of this document is to outline a possible strategy for UNICEF
cooperation in promoting sanitation in anganwadi centres, through sanitation
education and the construction and use of sanitary facilities.
2.
APPROACH
The country has a huge network of anganwadi centres. The anganwadi is the
focal point for delivery of the entire package of child development services to the
children and mothers under the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS)
programme of the Government of India. The anganwadi network offers a vast
readymade infrastructure of enormous potential to exert a profound influence, not
just on the pre-school children within its four walls, but also on the mothers and
community at large. The promotion of personal hygiene and sanitation, including
the construction and use of lavatories in anganwadi centres will help inculcate
good habits among the children from their early years of childhood.
3.
WHY ANGANWADI LATRINE?
Each and every anganwadi should have adequate water supply and sanitation
facilities.
The provision of latrines in anganwadis is aimed at achieving the following
objectives:
(a)
Inculcating the habit of using a latrine in the pre-school children who are at
a most receptive age of habit formation;
(b)
Initiating a change in the ingrained habits of some adults from the practice
of open defecation to the use of a latrine. This refers particularly to
anganwadi workers and mothers who are yet to have the facilities of a latrine
in their homes;
(c)
The latrine can serve as a demonstration unit for villagers who do not use a
latrine and have little knowledge about its importance, construction and
usage.
2
4.
THE PROGRAMME
As part of UNICEF cooperation in India, scheme support for the orientation of ICDS
field staff on sanitation and provision of sanitation facilities to anganwadi centres
should be promoted. The immediate objective is to collaborate with the state
governments to implement some projects on a demonstrational scale in selected
areas. This will provide the bdsis for the development of a long-term strategy at the
state level aimed at the provision of sanitary facilities in anganwadi centres as part
of ICDS programme. The present objective can be promoted through a dialogue
between'the concerned state officials and UNICEF zone offices
4.1
Formulation of Scheme
The formulation of the scheme will involve the orientation of ICDS staff to promote
sanitation and the construction of latrine facilities to reinforce the education
programme Decisions have to be made on the size of the programme, project
area funding pattern,including contribution from the community unit design and
the implementing agencies. In connection with the construction of latrines, it is
recommended that priorities be given to the centres located on
govemment/panchayat lands. For those centres located on rented premises, one
possible alternative is to motivate the landlord to contribute, say 50 per cent of the
cost of the unit through deduction of rent. The recommended steps'for the scheme
formulation are outlined In Appendix A.
4.2 Sanitation Education and Staff orientation
The anganwadi worker provides health education to mothers and non-formal
preschool education to children as part of her activities under the ICDS
programme. A short orientation on sanitation to improve the capability of the Child
Development Project Officers (CDPOs). Supervisors and Anganwadi workers for
imparting sanitation education is an important component of this scheme.
Experience to date gained by some states in conducting the orientation courses
with UNICEF collaboration hgs highlighted the necessity of such courses. Institutions
such as Home Science College. Medical College or suitable non-govemment
organisations can be resource teams for the course. Guidelines on the organisation
of the orientation course is given in Appendix B.
Education materials to support the anganwadi workers in imparting sanitation
knowledge are vital. To date UNICEF has produced sets of flash cards on sanitation (1)
and an anganwadi sanitation booklet (2).
UNICEF will collaborate with the respective state governments to develop further
educational aids as necessary.
(1) A set of flash cards entitled “Towards Better Health" covering six sanitation topics—by
UNICEF(1987)
(2) Anganwadi Sanitation—by UNICEF (1987)
3
4.3
Construction of Latrine
A few salient features which can be kept in mind by the Anganwadi Worker at the
time of latrine construction are as follows:
(i)
Nearness to centre—The latrine should be built near the anganwadi centre to
make it convenient for the children to use the unit;
(ii)
Proximity to water source—The latrine should be quite near the water source
(see iii) so as to ensure easy cleaning and proper maintenance;
(iii)
Safe distance from water source—Whilst locating the latrine near the water
source, minimum safe distance between the latrine and the water source
must also be ensured to avoid the risk of ground water pollution as per details
given under Section 6.4.
The construction work can be executed in several ways, for example (a)
departmentally by the nodal Ministry; (b) local labour under the supervision of the
Ministry concerned; (c) local contractors. The choice of the alternatives will
depend largely on the cost, quality and reliability of the work. Experiences to date
favour the second alternative. UNICEF will provide the training of local masons, as
necessary. Technical guidance can be provided by the Block Level Engineer or the
District Engineer of the public Works/Public Health Engineering Department.
4.4
Maintenance
The success of the whole scheme will depend on the proper maintenance of the
lavatories. A workable maintenance system including provision of funds for basic
tools (i.e. bucket and broom) should be evolved before the project is launched.
The anganwadi worker, after being suitably oriented, will teach children the correct
way to use the latrine. The unit should be inspected every day by the anganwadi
worker and the helper for cleanliness.
Since the easy availability of water for cleaning of toilets, and personal usage
including washing of hands dre vital, a storage tank with a capacity of about 200
litres should be provided as shown in Figures 1 and 2. The CDPO should provide
funds for the purchase of soap for use by the children. In case where piped water
is available within fhe centre or nearby, this can be extended to the water tank.
UNICEF will assist through the provision of pipes and fittings.
Where funds are not available with the centres for toilet repair works, the
community should be encouraged to contribute.
4
5.
TYPE OF LATRINES
The types of sanitary latrines already in use on a small scale in the rural areas are
as follows:
5.1
Pour Flush Waterseal Latrine
This type is recommended where sufficient water is available for flushing, and
where the people use soft material or water for anal cleaning. Since the pan has a
steep base slope (25° to 30°) and the waterseal is 20 mm. only two litres of water
are required for flushing. The design is shown in figures 1 and 2.
The latrine has two pits and has the advantage that when one pit has been filled
up. the excreta is diverted into the other pit. When the filled pit is left for about
two years, the content becomes rich organic humus and can be handled safely.
The added advantage is that the waterseal latrine is odour, fly and mosquito free.
5.2
Pit Latrine (Ventilated Improved Pit—V.I.P.)
This type of latrine, illustrated in figure 3, is suitable in places where water
availability is limited and solid material such as leaves, stones etc. is used for anal
cleaning. The V.I.P. design utilises the principle of natural convection to remove
odour from the pit through a vent pipe of 100 mm to 150 mm diameter located on
the sunny side to create an updraft. The flies in the pit follow the direction of air
flow and the direct sunlight which penetrates through the vent pipe. A fly screen
at the top of the pipe traps the flies.
5.3
Reed Odourless Earth Closet (ROEC)
This design as given in figure 4 is similar to the V.I.P. latrine except that the pit is
offset and the fear of falling into the pit.does not arise. The essential feature is a
chute made of metal or PVC pipe of 150 mm to 200 mm diameter, cut to shape.
which directs the excreta into the offset pit. The chute is set at a steep angle of 30'
to the vertical to facilitate the discharge of excreta into the pit. However, the chute
can still be fouled and will require cleaning with water occasionally, using a longhand brush, to discourage fly breeding. A removable cover for the chute entrance
should be provided.
6.
DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
Some of the pertinent design aspects are discussed below:
6.1
Latrine Superstructure
The size of the superstructure is optional depending on the physique of the users.
An internal dimension of 900 mm x 900 mm and of height 1800 mm for a one seat
latrine is generally adequate.
5
6.2
Footrests
The footrests minimise the fouling of the squatting slab by excreta. They should be
positioned along the central opening and be wide enough to permit convenient
use by the both children and adults.
6.3
Size of Sludge Pits
The sludge accumulation is computed on the basis of 40 children with the
assumption that 15 per cent of the children will use the latrine for defecation daily.
The sludge accumulation per child has been taken as 50 per cent of that of an
adult (i.e. 0.5 x 0 045 M3 per year). A pit service of three years has been considered
for waterseal latrine which gives the sludge volume of each pit as 0.35 M3. having
effective size of 1.0 m diameter and 0.7 m depth including a freeboard of 0.2 m.
the depth has been increased to 1.0 m to allow for occasional usage of the latrine
by the mothers who accompany the children to or attend the anganwadi centres.
A pit service of ten years has been considered for the dry latrine which gives the
volume of the pit as 2.0 M3, having effective' size of 1.0 m x 2.0 m and 1.5 m depth,
including a freeboard of 0.4 m. After the pit has been filled, the sludge has to be
removed or a new latrine has to be constructed.
6.4
Risk of Domestic Water Pollution
Safe excreta disposal at the expense of polluting water sources for domestic
purposes should be avoided. In clay and sand formation, and where the water
table is more than 2 meters below the pit bottom, the distance of the pit from the
water well should not be less than 10 m. With higher water table, the distance
should be increased to 15 m. In rock formation where the pit bottom is more than
5 m above the water table, a distance of 15 m is recommended; for higher water
table, alternative design should be considered. More detailed guidelines are
provided in Figure 5.
7.
COST ESTIMATES
For illustrative purposes, cost estimates of material and labour requirements based
on 1986 Delhi prices for the waterseal. VIP and ROEC units using brick superstructure
are listed in Tables 1 to 3 and summarised below:
(a)
Waterseal unit (brick superstructure, RCC slab roof)
Rs.
1700/-
(b)
VIP Unit (brick superstructure, Gl sheet roof)
2100/-
(c)
ROEC unit (brick superstructure, Gl sheet roof)
2130/-
The choice of materials for construction will vary in different areas depending upon
type of construction materials available and the local construction skills.
6
FIGI
DUAL
PIT WATER SEAL LATRINE
NOTES
1
2
UNICEF
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION VARIABLE TO
SUIT SOIL CONDITIONS
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
NEW DELHI
7
FIG. 2
REINFORCEMENT DETAIL OF PIT COVER
------- 4 NOS 6mm DIA. BARS
at 125 c/c
DETAILS OF BRICK
---- 6NOS. 6mm DIA. BARS
1 PROVIDE HANDLES TO PIT COVERS
(USING 6mm DIA. BARS)
2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
SECTIONS
~
....
A-B
UNICEF
.
N E W D E L HI
8
VENTILATED
1500 xISOO
G.l SHEET
IMPROVED PIT LATRINE
flyscreen
TIMBER PURLIN
75mm R C.C-----
— 225 x 225 mm
OPENING
30 x 30 x 3 mm
ANGLE IRON BRACING
FOR G.l SHEET DOOR
—100mm DIA.A.C VENT PIPE
2500mm LONG PAINTED BLACK
DOOR 1500mm
HIGH
— BRICKWORK IN CEMENT
MORTAR 1:6
— 12mm PLASTER 1:4
UPTO 300 mm HEIGHT
R.C.C SLAB 1:2:4
6mm DIA. BARS (a) 150
C/C BOTH WAYS
x
3
r
6mm DIA. BARS (a) 50mm
CEMENT CONC.
1:6:12
2000
HONEYCOMB BRICK
LINING (IF NECESSARY)
SIDE-VIEW SECTION
SECTION
FRONT VIEW
X-X
NOTES:1
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION VARIABLE TO SUIT SOIL CONDITIONS
2
ALL
DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
UNICEF
NEW DELHI
9
FIG. 4
REED ODOURLESS EARTH
CLOSET
1500 x 1050 GJ ^HEET
75 x 75mm TIMBER
PUR LIN
FLY SCREEN
75mm R.C.C
LINTEL
225 x 225 OPENING
---------- 100mm DIA.A.C VENT PIPE 2500 mm
LONG PAINTED BLACK
DOOR 1500 mm
HIGH
---------- BRICKWORK IN CEMENT MORTAR 1:6
— 25 mm CONC. 1:2 •'4 OVER 75mm
CONC. 1:6:12
12mm PLASTER K4 UPTO 300 mm HEIGHT
25mm D.P.C
COVER
CEMENT CONC.
R.C.C SLAB 1:2:4 50mm THICK 6mm DIA
BARS (a) 150mm C/C BOTHWAYS
COMPACTED
EARTH FILLING
150 mm DIA
CHUTE
2000
HONEYCOMB LINING
( IF N ECESSARY )
SIDE- VIEW SECTION
SECTION
X-X
NOTES
1
2
3
FRONT VIEW SIMILAR TO FIGURE-3
DEPTH OF FOUNDATION VARIABLE TO SUIT SOIL CONDITION
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN mm
UNICEF
NEW DELHI
10
Figure 5
SELECTION
OF DISTANCE
WATER SUPPLY
NOTE :
UNCONSOLIDATED
( SILT - SAND )
CONSOLIDATED
MEANS
BETWEEN
LATRINE
INSTALLATIONS
SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
MEANS SOFT AND
11
HARD
ROCKS.
PITS AND
Table 1 : Material and Labour requirements for pourflush waterseal latrine
Item
Unit
Qty.
Cost/Unit(1)
Rs.
Amount
Rs.
Bricks
No.
900
0.45
405.00
Cement
Bag
5.0
55.0(2)
275.0
Sand
M3
0.9
60.0
54.0
Brick Ballast
M3
0.13
75.0
9.75
Aggregate
M3
0.2
110.0
22.0
Mild Steel (pit cover and roof slab)
Kg
11.0
7.0
77.0
Door (including fittings)
No.
1
200.00
200.00
Fibre glass pan & trap
No.
1 set
100.00
100.00
White lime
Kg
2.2
7.00
15.40
Colouring material
Kg
0.25
5.00
1.25
Mason
manday
5
50.00
250.00
Unskilled labour
marnday
6
20.00
120.00
Sub Total
1529.40
10% contingencies
153.00
Total
1682.4
Say
1700
Note :
(1) New Delhi prices 1986
(2) Rate based on Govt. Dept, price.
12
Table 2 : Material and Labour requirements for V.I.P. Latrine
Item
Unit
Qty.
Cost/Unit(1) Amount
Rs.
Rs.
Bricks
No.
1050
0.45
Cement
Bag
4.5
55.0(2) 247.50
Sand
M3
0.7
60.0
42.00
Aggregate
M3
0.4
110.00
44.00
Brick ballast
M3
0.1
75.0
7.50
G.l. Sheet 26 gauge (3) (1500*1050 mm)
No.
3
120.00
360.00
(30*30*3 mm)
Kg
8.4
7.0
58.80
Mild Steel hold-fast (door)
No.
4'
2.00
8.00
Mild Steel hold-fast (pit cover and Lintel)
Kg
12.0
7.0
84.00
Timber (roof purlin)
M3
0.013
6200.00
80.60
AC vent pipe (100 mm dia) (4)
M
2.5
41.00
102.50
Mason
man-day
5
50.00
250.00
Unskilled labour
man-day
7
20.00
140.00
Sub Total
1897.40
472.50
Angle iron for door reinforcement
10% contingencies
Note:
(1)
New Delhi prices 1986
(2)
Rate based on Govt Dept price.
(3)
1 Vi sheets for roof and 1 sheet for door
(4)
Actual requirement is 1.5 m
13
190.00
Total
2087.40
Say
2100.00
Table 3 : Material and Labour requirements for ROEC
Item
Unit
Qty.
Cost/Unit(1) Amount
Rs.
Rs.
1050
0.45
472.50
Bricks
No.
Cement
Bag
4.5
55.0(2) 247.50
Sand
M3
0.7
60.0
42 00
Aggregate
M3
0.4
110.00
44.00
Brick ballast
M3
0.1
75.0
7.50
G.l. Sheet 26 gauge (1500*1050 mm)
No.
2
120.00
240.00
Angle iron for door reinforcement
(30*30*3 mm)
Kg
8.4
7.0
58.80
Mild Steel hold-fast (door)
No.
4
2.00
Mild Steel hold-fast (pit cover and Lintel)
Kg
9.5
7.0
66.50
Timber (roof purlin)
M3
0.013
6200.00
80.60
AC vent pipe (100 mm dia)
M
2.5
41.00
102.50
PVC Pipe (150 mm dia)
M
2.0
86.00
172.00
Mason
marnday
5
50.0
250.00
Unskilled labour
man-day
7
20.00
140.00
Sub Total
1931.90
10% contingencies
Total
(1) New Delhi prices 1986
(2) Rate based on Govt Dept price.
14
8.00
193.00
2124.90
Say
Note:
■
2130.00
APPENDIX A—FORMULATION OF THE SCHEME
The following procedures ore suggested:
(I)
Discussion at the State level between Government counterparts (Department
Of Social Welfare) and UNICEF on the activities of the scheme such as saniration
orientation of ICDS staff and the construction of sanitary facilities for
anganwadi centres.
Agreement can be reached, in principle, on the preliminary details such as size of
programme, project area, funding pattern and possible implementing agency
etc. The size of the programme in the initial stage should be within the capability
of the organisation for execution. As a guide, it is suggested that a scheme
consisting of 200-300 anganwadi centres be taken up in the first instance.
(ii)
Discussion between the Director/Deputy Director of the Department of Social
Welfare, Child Development Project Officers (CDPOs) and UNICEF on the
details of the scheme including the designation of a Project Coordinator
(iii)
Filling up of survey questionnaires by ICDS Supervisor to enable finalisation of
the list of project centres. (Survey format given in Table A-1).
(iv)
Planning the schedules of activities for the sanitation orientation of ICDS staff
and the training of Junior Engineers and local Masons.
(v)
Visit to project areas and to a sample of selected centres; formulation of the
methodology for maintenance of the units, and finalisation of the design
including cost of estimates.
(vi)
Finalisation of plan of action.
(vii)
Training of Junior Engineers and Masons.
(viii)
Orientation of the CDPOs, Supervisors and Anganwadi workers.
(ix)
Start the construction of sanitary facilities-
(x)
Monitoring of the progress of implementation through monthly reports and
field visits by the Project Coordinator.
15
Table A-1 : Survey of Water Source in Anganwadi and Proposed
Anganwadi Latrine Maintenance
Name of Anganwadi:
Village:
Block:District:State:
Anganwadi located on : Government/ Panchayat/Rented Premises
Number of children: Boys
Girls
Number of visiting expectant and nursing mothers
Type of water
source in or near
anganwadi compound
YES
NO Distance from
anganwadi
in M
Months water
not available
Remarks
Pond or stream
Open Well
Tube-well/Hand-pump
Piped water
1.
Is a latrine necessary for the anganwadi? YES/NO
If NO, give redson
2.
If a latrine is constructed, how will It be maintained?
(a)
By anganwadi workers, helpers and children.
YES/NO
(b)
By Sweeper.
YES/NO
Do you have a sweeper for the anganwadi?
YES/NO
If NO, how will money be raised to employ one?
Parent Association/Panchayat/Other
(c)
Brush/broom:
YES/NO
(d)
Bucket:
YES/NO
If NO who will provide?
Parent Association/Panchayat/Other
Signed by Anganwadi Worker
16
_
APPENDIX B—GUIDELINES ON THE ORGANISATION OF SANITATION
ORIENTATION CAMPS FOR CDPOs/SUPERVISORS AND ANGANWADI WORKERS.
1.
STRATEGY
The aim of the orientation course is to orient the CDPOs and Supervisors as
resource persons who in turn would orient the anganwadi workers. The CDPOs and
Supervisors should be oriented by resource teams from suitable institutions which
are experienced in the field of sanitation and training.
The team should consist of the training director assisted by two technical members
(preferably one male and one female). A helper from the locality will assist the
team in the demonstration work The programme is described in the section below.
The camp is of a two-day duration and the following pattern is suggested:
1st
Camp: (days 1 and 2): 4 — 5 CDPOs and 16-20 Supervisors will be oriented by
the resource team.
2nd Camp: (days 3 and 4):' 25 anganwadi workers will be oriented by the freshly
trained CDPOs and Supervisors under the guidance of
the resource team.
The objective of adopting this pattern is to give the CDPOs and Supervisors the
opportunity to gain experience in conducting the second camp under proper
guidance of the resource team. In practice, four orientation camps of eight-day
duration can be coordinated in one stretch, so that two batches of CDPOs and
Supervisors can be trained by the same resource team.
2.
PROGRAMME AND ACTIVITIES
This programme envisages to provide basic sanitation knowledge, both theoretical
and practical, to CDPOs. Supervisors and anganwadi workers. Education materials
for distribution to the participants are listed in Table B-1.
This part of the scheme can be taken up on its own in situation where the
component of sanitary latrine construction is implemented at a later stage.
Each participant will be given a Certificate on completion of the training session.
The practical work includes field demonstration on the construction and usage of
soakage pits and smokeless chulhas. Prior to the camp, a sanitary latrine will be
constructed at the selected camp site. The use and maintenance'aspects of the
unit will be explained to the participants.
During the training period, the participants will have adequate experience in the
construction of soakage pits and good understdnding of the concept and
function of a smokeless chulha. However, a more intensive training will be required
for mastering the skill in the building- of smokeless chulhas. Such a programme can
be formulated sepdrately. The schedules for CDPOs, Supervisors and anganwadi
workers are given in Table B-2.
17
3.
CAMP SITE
The camp site should be in one of the anganwadi centres unless accommodation
facilities are not available nearby. This is very important from the practical point of
view as this will also demonstrate to the anganwadi workers how to apply the
sanitation knowledge to the benefit of the community.
4.
ROLE OF DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND UNICEF
The Director/Deputy Director of the Department of Social Welfare shall be
responsible for the planning and implementation of the orientation programme.
UNICEF will assist in identifying suitable local training institutions for orientation of
the CDPOs and Supervisors. Where necessary, consultants can be employed by
UNICEF to conduct the first orientation camp to support the local training team
(or the latter acting as observers). UNICEF will provide training materials and will
collaborate with the Department of Social Welfare in developing further materials
as necessary.
5.
MONITORING
The training institution(s) shall submit a short report after each orientation session
to the Director of Social Welfare with a copy to UNICEF. Similar reports will be
submitted to the Director of Social Welfare and UNICEF by the CDPO/Supervisors
after each orientation camps for anganwadi workers.
The impact of the orientation camp on improved sanitation and hygiene practice
in the centres will be monitored using the attached Form B.1 and B.2.
6.
FINANCIAL INPUTS
The contribution from the Department of Social Welfare will be the material
requirements for building the demonstration latrines at the training camps,
soakage pits and smokeless chulhas, provision of vehicles for transportation, and
travel expenses, and per diem (if any) for participants.
UNICEF's input includes consultancy fees for the Institute/resource teams (if any),
board and lodging for all the trainees in/near the camp sites, stationery, education
materials and fuel for transportation.
Table B.1 : Education Materials for Orientation of CDPOs, Supervisors
and Anganwadi workers
1.
2.
3.
45.
Sanitation orientation camp schedule.
Booklet on Anganwadi Sanitation.
Set of flash cards on six sanitation topics.
Checklist of completed unit(Form B.1—to be filled in by the Supervisor/anganwadi
workers and sent to CDPOS.
Monitoring Forms:
(I) Anganwadi sanitation and hygiene monthly evaluation forms. (Form B.2).
(II) Summary of Anganwadi sanitation and hygiene evaluation forms (Form B.3)
18
Table B.2 -.Time Table of Sanitation Orientation Camp
Day-1
Morning
0900-0930
Registration of the participants.
0930-0945
Inauguration address
0945-1000
TEA BREAK
1000-1015
Objectives of the orientation
1015-1045
Village sanitation and the role of anganwadi worker to promote
better rural sanitation.
1045-1145
Sanitation and diseases transmission, sanitation and health, personal
hygiene, home sanitation, food hygiene and protection of drinking
water.
1145-1230
Sanitary facilities for disposal of human excreta (sanitary latrine),
wastewater and garbage/cow dung (soakage pit/bathing cubicle
garbage pit). Explanation of the design and functioning of these
facilities and smokeless chulha
1230-1330
Discussion
1330-1430
LUNCH BREAK
Afternoon
1430-1600
Demonstration on construction of soakage pit, bathing platform
garbage pit and smokeless chulha
1600-1800
Field visit observation of village and a nearby anganwadl centre.
Day-2
Morning
0900-1040
Group presentation of the field observations and suggestions for
improvement
1040-1110
Communication technique
1110-1140
Latrine usage qnd its maintenance (Demonstration)
1140-1300
Formulation of methodologies to create awareness and motivate the
community
1300-1330
Slide show/film show
1330-1430
LUNCH BREAK
Afternoon
1430-1500
Chlorination of drinking water at house level
1500-1600
Immunization and Diarrhoea Management including prepation of Oral
Rehydration Solution
1600-1615
Monitoring of sanitation activities
1615-1630
Closing remarks and handing out of Certificate
20
Form B.1 — Sanitary Latrine in anganwadi centre.
Quality Checklist of Completed Unit by the Supervisor/anganwadi worker.
Name of Anganwadi Centre---------------------------------- Village
Block
District
State
Name of Supervisor Date of Latrine completed
Date of Survey
Name of anganwadi worker
1. Doors
a. Door satisfactory
b. Door frame fixed properly
c. Door closes properly
d. Door latches fixed properly
e. Locks provided
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
2. Outside (Front Sides)
a. Overall wall construction
YES/NO
3. Outside (Back Sides)
a. Overall wall construction
b. Are brick drains provided?
c. Brick drains properly sloped?
d. Are pit covers breaking?
e. Are the edges of the two pit covers covered with earth?
4. Inside
a. Floor finish
b. Pan clean during handover
c. Has anganwadi worker checked by pouring water that no
blockage of pan
5. Water Tank
a. Walls of tank have good finishing?
b. Leakage of the tank?
c. Steps to tank provide ?
GOOD/BAD
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
GOOD/BAD
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
YES/NO
Signed by Supervisor/anganwadi worker
21
Form B.2: Anganwadi Sanitation and Hygiene Monthly Evaluation Form
Name of the Anganwadi Centre:
Village:
Block:
_____ _
District:
State:
1.
Does the water pitcher in the centre have a cover?
YES/NO
2.
3.
4.
Is the centre provided with a ladle?
Is the cooked food covered to avoid flies?
Cleanliness of the children today:
— number of children with clean finger nails
— number of children with dirty finger nails
____
Did the children wash their hands before eating lunch?
YES/NO
YES/NO
5.
6.
Does the centre use a garbage bin?
Does the centre have a latrine?
YES/NO
YES/NO
7
— if YES, is the latrine clean?
YES/NO
— number of children who used the latrine today.
Did the anganwadi worker talk to the mothers about
sanitation aspects during the last month?
YES/NO
— what topics were discussed: i---------------------------------------------------------------------
8.
Action taken by Supervisor
— no action requried
— if YES. state
9.
Any other remarks
Note : 1. This Form will be filled by the Supervisor during her regular monthly
visit to the centre.
2. One copy of this Form remains in the centre
3. The Supervisor should keep one copy of this Form and submit a summary
(as per Form B 2) every three months to the CDPO
22
YES/NO
Form B.3 :
Summary of Anganwadi Sanitation and Hygiene Evaluation Form
Name of block : District:
. strife
Name of Supervisor :-------------------------------- Reporting period:
No. of anganwadi centres in the block:
_____________________________________
No. of anganwadi centres which submitted the forms
Total number of children attending the Centre :
:
No. of centres indicating
YES
NO
1.
Does the water pitched in the Centre have a cover
2.
Is the Centre provided with a laddie?
3.
Is the cooked food covered to avoid flies?
4.
5.
Does the Centre use a garbage bin?
Does the Centre have a latrine?
If YES, is the latrine used?
Is the latrine clean?
6.
Cleanliness of the children:
— number of children with clean finger nails
7.
Sanitation topics anganwadi worker talked to the
mothers
— number of children with dirty finger nails
No. of Centres where
topics discussed
1.
2
3
4
8.
5
Action taken by Supervisor:
9.
Any other remarks:
Date:
Signature of Supervisor:.
Note
1. This Form will be filled by the Supervisors every three months.
2. One copy of this Form remains with the Supervisors.
3. One copy of this Form to be forwarded to CDPO.
23
List of UNICEF publications on the promotion of sanitation
Type
Language
1. Promotion of sanitation in Primary School
Booklet
English
2. Promotion of Sanitation in Anganwadis
Booklet
English
3. School Sanitation
Booklet
English, .Hindi, Telugu,
Oriya, Marathi, Kanada
and Bengali
4. Anganwadi Sanitation
Booklet
English, Hindi, Telugu,
Oriya, Bengali, Marathi,
Urdu and Gujarati
5. Use and Maintenance of
Waterseal Latrine
Booklet
English, Hindi, Telugu,
Tamil, Oriya, Marathi,
Bengali, Gujarati,
Kanada, Malayalam and
Urdu
Pamphlet
English
ii) Waterseal Latrine (Technical Details)
Booklet
English
iii) Smokeless Chulha
Booklet
English
iv) Sanitation and Diseases
Flashcards
English, Hindi, Telugu,
Tamil, Oriya, Marathi,
Bengali, Gujarati,
Kanada, Malayalam,
and Urdu.
Title
S. No.
6. Towards Better Health Series
i) Waterseal Latrine (for potential
beneficiary)
v) Waste Water and Cattle
Dung/Garbage disposal
vi) Disposal of Human Excreta Sanitary
Latrine
vii)
Personal Hygiene
viii)
Vector Control
ix)
Home Sanitation
unfecif (ftl
United Nations Children’s Fund
INDIA COUNTRY OFFICE
73 Lodi Estate, New Delhi-110 003
INDIA
- Media
3406.pdf
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