First Action Plan for Tobacco Control
Item
- Title
-
First Action Plan
for Tobacco Control - extracted text
-
First Action Plan
for Tobacco Control
- Years 2000 to 2004
World Health Organization
Regional Office for South-East Asia
New Delhi
Table of Contents
1. Introduction
1
2. Objectives
2
3. Targets
2
4. Action plan
3
5. Activities at country level by year
9
1. Introduction
There has been two Regional Committee Resolutions (SEA/RC38/R8 of 1985 and
SEA/RC43/R4 of 1990) urging the member countries to undertake tobacco control
measures. In 1984, the first SEAR Regional Consultation on Tobacco was held in
Katmandu Nepal, resulting in a series of recommendations on tobacco control. In
1997, the Regional Consultation on Tobacco and Alcohol in Colombo, Sri Lanka,
developed comprehensive policies and strategies to be followed by the Regional
Office and by the countries in the Region. The Action Plan on Tobacco Control for
2000-2004 was developed at the Regional Consultation held in Bangkok, Thailand in
1998.
Among the ten member countries in the Region, two have adopted comprehensive
national tobacco control policies, one of which is implemented by legislation. There
are many measures currently implemented in other member countries of the Region
such as warning labels, restriction of advertising in specific media and at specific
locations, ban on sponsorships, prohibition of smoking in public places and public
transport, public education and the declaration of specific islands and districts tobacco
free. Most of these efforts have been carried out under difficult circumstances after
overcoming many obstacles.
Unfortunately, these measures have not been
implemented in a coherent and organized manner within the purview of
comprehensive national tobacco control policies and strategies. Therefore, the impact
of these measures has been limited so far.
Research indicates that any single measure by itself may not be sufficient to bring
down consumption significantly. A range of measures addressing a wide array of
issues related to tobacco control need to be taken together to reduce tobacco
consumption. This is why a comprehensive tobacco control strategy needs to be
implemented in each country. This plan of action attempts to facilitate and
streamline this process.
The focus of the plan is to reduce tobacco consumption in the region, especially
among the vulnerable: women, children and the poor. WHO SEARO will facilitate
the implementation of these activities by countries of the Region.
1
2. Objectives
The
WHO to assist Member Countries to develop, implement and strengthen
comprehensive national and sub-national policies and strategies for tobacco control.
This will involve the following steps.
1.
Strengthening national infrastructure and capacity for tobacco control.
2.
Undertake
advocacy,
public
education,
dissemination
of
information
and
community mobilization.
3.
Carry out research, collect and collate data on tobacco and its effects, and
establish national databases on issues related to tobacco.
4.
Enact and implement appropriate and effective legislation and fiscal measures to
reduce tobacco use.
3. Targets
The main targets for the 2000-2004 Plan of Action are
1.
Countries that have a history of implementing tobacco control measures to show a
decrease in per capita tobacco consumption of at least 1% per annum.
2.
Countries with less action on tobacco control so far to show a decrease in per
capita tobacco consumption of at least 0.5 % per annum.
2
4. Action Plan
Objective 1.
Strengthening national infrastructure and capacity for
tobacco control
Implementation of action on tobacco control should not be considered as the
responsibility of a single or few government agencies. It covers a wide area from
health, social issues, development, finance and education. Therefore all
government agencies and policy makers should consider tobacco control as a
priority. Government policies are more effectively implemented when there is
participation of non-governmental organizations, private sector and the community
as a whole, in addition to government agencies.
Activity
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
□
□
□
□
1.1 Establish a multi-sectoral national
coordinating agency or focal point on
tobacco control where there are no such
organizations and strengthening such
organizations which already exist, to
provide direction and to monitor tobacco
control measures.
1.2 Develop and initiate implementation of
□
country level policies, strategies and
time-bound plans of action for tobacco
control.
□
1.3 Strengthen resource mobilization for
tobacco control through national budgets
and special bilateral donor allocations.
□
1.4 Establish and implement a system of
surveillance for monitoring
implementation of tobacco control
measures, and for monitoring tobacco
related morbidity and mortality.
3
Activity
2000
1.5 Form coalitions of NGOs and coalitions of
□
2001
2002
2003
2004
professional groups to provide impetus
for national tobacco-control policy
implementation
□
1 6 Train health professionals, economists,
social science professionals and media
personnel on issues related to tobacco.
Objective 2.
Undertake advocacy, public education, dissemination of
information and community mobilization.
Health promotion, education, advocacy and political commitment are integral parts of
successful implementation of a comprehensive tobacco control programme.
Activity
2000
2.1 Develop and initiate sustainable national
□
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
□
□
□
information, education and
communication strategies to inform and
educate relevant sectors, communities
and public on issues related to tobacco.
2.2 Carry out advocacy to obtain commitment
□
of policy makers on finance, law,
education, labour, environment,
agriculture and social welfare in each
country.
□
2.3 Intensify public education, community
mobilization, prevention and cessation
interventions.
4
Activity
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
2.4 Participate in regional advocacy
campaign - the SEAAT flame.
2.5 Heighten the role of media in tobacco
control and use the World No-Tobacco
Day theme for year-long, sustainable
educational activities on tobacco control.
2.6 Incorporate tobacco prevention and
cessation activities into existing health,
□
social and development programmes
(e.g. Primary Health Care, poverty
alleviation)
□
2.7 Incorporate tobacco control activities into
school health programmes.
□
2.8 Establish tobacco control programmes at
work places as part of occupational
health programmes.
2.9 Integrate of issues related to tobacco
□
control into NGO supported programmes.
2.10 Declare all health facilities as tobacco
□
free.
□
2.11 Secure involvement of other UN
agencies and bilateral donors on
tobacco control at country level.
5
Objective 3.
Conduct research, collect and collate data on tobacco
and its effects, and establish national databases on
issues related to tobacco.
Action on tobacco control should start immediately, without waiting for more research.
Data, however, is still needed to provide justification for action and to evaluate
effectiveness of national policies.
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
□
□
O
3.3 Collect information to quantify the health,
social and other economic costs of
tobacco use, the economic impact of
tobacco trade, cultivation and smuggling
and to estimate the effect of tax and price
increases on tobacco consumption,
especially among young people.
□
□
□
□
3.4 Conduct research on behavioural and
socio-cultural issues related to tobacco
consumption and carry out operational
research on effective and appropriate
interventions to reduce tobacco
consumption.
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
□
2000
Activity
3.1 Conduct prevalence survey on tobacco
using standard WHO guidelines.
□
3.2 Carry out sentinel surveys to estimate per
capita tobacco consumption and to
monitor implementation and to evaluate
impact of the country level plan of action.
□
3.5 Develop a comprehensive national
database on issues related to tobacco,
and implement a mechanism to collect
and disseminate success stories related
to tobacco control.
____
6
□
Objective 4.
Enact and
implement appropriate and
effective
legislation and fiscal measures to reduce tobacco use.
Appropriate legislation and fiscal policies are the two most effective strategies to
control the tobacco epidemic. The tobacco industry often suggests voluntary
agreements instead. These should be avoided, as in practice they are ineffective and
are frequently circumvented. Evidence has shown significant reductions in
consumption and tobacco related harm in countries with comprehensive legislation
and appropriate fiscal policies on tobacco control.
2000
Activity
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
□
□
4.1 Review current legislation on tobacco
advertising and implement measures to
discontinue all direct and indirect
tobacco advertising, promotions,
sponsorships and product placements.
4.2 Institute mechanisms for increasing tax
□
□
□
on all tobacco products significantly
above increases in cost of living every
year.
4.3 Institute special levy on tobacco
products in support of health promotion
□
interventions.
□
4.4 Develop and implement legislative
package on product labeling,
ingredients disclosure, publication of
tar and nicotine levels, point of sale
information and health information.
□
4.5 Endorse and implement the
International Framework Convention
for Tobacco Control by countries.
7
Activity
2000
4.6 Initiate and strengthen ban smoking at
2001
2002
2003
2004
□
indoor sports, art and cultural events,
public places and public transport.
4.7
□
Discontinue placement of tobacco
advertisements on cable and satellite
broadcasting, other trans-border
communications and the Internet.
□
4.8 Ban smoking on all local and
international flights to and from SEAR
□
4.9 Discontinue use of price of tobacco
products when calculating Cost of
Living index.
□
□
4.10 Ban on duty free tobacco products.
4.11 Withdrawal of tax concessions and
other incentives for tobacco industry
and tobacco cultivation.
8
5. Activities at country level by year
Overall strategy
.
2000 : prepare background and infrastructure for action
.
2001 - 2003: Decisive action
.
2004: Sustain action and consolidate gains
Activities to carried out every yearfrom 2000 to 2004
1.
Strengthen resource mobilization for tobacco control through national budgets
and special bilateral donor allocations.
2.
Intensify public education, community mobilization, prevention and cessation
interventions.
3.
Incorporate tobacco prevention and cessation activities into health, social and
development programmes (e.g. Primary Health Care, poverty alleviation)
4.
5.
Carry out sentinel surveys to estimate per capita tobacco consumption and to
monitor implementation and evaluate impact of the country level plan of action.
Develop a comprehensive national database on issues related to tobacco use,
and implement a mechanism to collect and disseminate success stories related
to tobacco control.
6.
Institute mechanisms for increasing tax on all tobacco products significantly
above increases in cost of living every year.
9
Activities at country level for year 2000
1.
Establish a multi-sectoral national coordinating agency or focal point on tobacco
control where there are no such organizations and strengthening such
organizations which already exist, to provide direction and to monitor tobacco
control measures.
2.
3.
Develop and initiate implementation of country level policies, strategies and
time-bound plans of action for tobacco control
Establish and implement a system of surveillance for monitoring implementation
of tobacco control measures, and for monitoring tobacco related morbidity and
mortality
4.
Form coalitions of NGOs and coalitions of professional groups to provide impetus
for national tobacco control policy implementation
5.
Develop and initiate sustainable national information, education and
communication strategies to inform and educate relevant sectors, communities
and public on issues related to tobacco
6.
Carry out advocacy to obtain commitment of policy makers on finance, law,
education, labour, environment, agriculture and social welfare in each country.
7 Participate in regional advocacy campaign - the SEAAT flame
8.
Integrate of issues related to tobacco control into NGO supported programmes.
9.
Declare all health facilities as tobacco free.
10.
Conduct prevalence survey on tobacco using standard WHO guidelines
10
Activities at country level for year 2001
1.
Train health professionals, economists, social science professionals and media
personnel on issues related to tobacco.
2.
Heighten the role of media in tobacco control and use the World No-Tobacco Day
theme for year-long, sustainable educational activities on tobacco control.
3.
Incorporate tobacco control activities into school health programmes.
4 Establish tobacco control programmes at work places as part of occupational
health programmes
5. Secure involvement of other UN agencies and bilateral donors on tobacco control
at country level.
6 Collect information to quantify the health, social and other economic costs of
tobacco use, the economic impact of tobacco trade, cultivation and smuggling,
and to estimate the effect of tax and price increases on tobacco consumption -
especially among young people.
7.
Conduct research on behavioural and socio-cultural issues related to tobacco
consumption and carry out operational research on effective and appropriate
interventions to reduce tobacco consumption.
8.
Initiate and strengthen ban on smoking at indoor sports, art and cultural events,
public places and public transport.
9.
Ban smoking on all local and international flights to and from SEAR.
r
11
Activities at country level for year 2002
1
Review current legislation on tobacco advertising, and implement measures to
discontinue all direct and indirect tobacco advertising, promotions, sponsorships
and product placements.
2 Institute a special levy on tobacco products in support of health promotion
interventions.
3. Develop and implement legislative package on product labeling, ingredients
disclosure, publication of tar and nicotine levels, point of sale information and
health information.
4.
Discontinue use of price of tobacco products when calculating Cost of Living
index.
Activities at country level for year 2003
1. Endorse and implement the International Framework Convention for Tobacco
Control by countries.
2. Discontinue placement of tobacco advertisements on cable and satellite
broadcasting, other trans-border communications and the Internet.
Activities at country level year 2004
1. Ban on duty free tobacco products.
2. Withdrawal of tax concessions and other incentives for tobacco industry and
tobacco cultivation.
12
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